Juan Pablo Luna
Biographic Data
| ID | 259194 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Juan Pablo Luna |
| GIVEN NAMES | Juan Pablo |
| FAMILY NAME | Luna |
| SIGNATURE | LUNA J P |
| AFFILIATIONS | Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7597-203X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 44 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 441 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 44 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2004 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 13 |
Disjointed Polarization in Chile's Enduring Crisis of Representation - Erratum
Local Government, Social Media and Management of Covid-19: The Case of Chilean Mayoral Communication
Most research on governments' use of social media focuses on the national or federal level. We therefore know little about the way local authorities harness social media platforms to communicate with their constituencies. This paper studies the role structural and political variables played in Chilean mayors' political communication strategies during 2020–2021, a period of municipal elections marked by lockdowns due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We e…
Disjointed Polarization in Chile's Enduring Crisis of Representation
This analytical essay proposes the notion of disjointed polarization to characterize the nature of polarization in contemporary Chile. In disjointed polarization, elite-level polarization does not lead to a successful electoral realignment. Disjointed polarization is thus consistent with a long-lasting crisis of representation in which a serial disconnect between politicians (pursuing different polarizing strategies) and a sizable fraction of the…
Criminal Politics and Botched Development in Contemporary Latin America
This Element investigates the relationship between the narcotics industry and politics and assesses how it influences domestic political dynamics, including economic development prospects in Latin America. It argues that links between criminal organizations, politicians, and state agents give rise to criminal politics (i.e., the interrelated activity of politicians, organized crime actors, and state agents in pursuing their respective agendas and…
The long memory of the land: Pre-colonial origins of Mapuche mobilization in Chile
Uneven States, Unequal Societies, and Democracy's Unfulfilled Promises: Citizenship Rights in Chile and Contemporary Latin America
In contemporary Latin America, deep-seated social discontent with political elites and institutions has been, paradoxically, the counterpart of democratic stability and resilience. This paradox suggests that scholarly assessments of democracy are, at least partially, at odds with citizens' own views of democracy. This article thus develops a framework to describe citizens' everyday experience with civil, political, and social entitlements associa…
Latin American Politics and Society
Taking a fresh thematic approach to politics and society in Latin America, this introductory textbook analyzes the region's past and present in an accessible and engaging style well-suited to undergraduate students. The book provides historical insights into modern states and critical issues they are facing, with insightful analyses that are supported by empirical data, maps and timelines. Drawing upon cutting-edge research, the text considers cr…
Latin American Politics and Society: A Comparative and Historical Analysis
Amplifying Counter-Public Spheres on Social Media: News Sharing of Alternative Versus Traditional Media After the 2019 Chilean Uprising
While much research exists on the role of digital media use in protest movements, few studies compare the long-term impact of protests on online use of alternative and mainstream digital media. This holds particularly true in countries of the global south. Our study addresses this knowledge gap by examining the massive demonstrations that occurred in Chile on 18 October 2019. Based on data from 1,221,487 Facebook posts from 31 media outlets colle…
Gobernanza Criminal y la Crisis de los Estados Latinoamericanos Contemporáneos
Crecientemente las sociedades latinoamericanas enfrentan el surgimiento de nuevos órdenes en que los funcionarios estatales y las autoridades políticas comparten el poder con organizaciones criminales. La gobernanza criminal (es decir, la creación de un orden paralelo basado en la imposición de reglas sobre el comportamiento ciudadano por parte de organizaciones criminales a menudo con la colaboración de agentes estatales) como se denomina a este…
Criminal Governance and the Crisis of Contemporary Latin American States
Across Latin America, societies are confronting the rise of novel orders in which state officials and political authorities share power with criminal organizations. Criminal governance (i.e., the creation of rules regulating behavior by criminal entities often with the collaboration of state actors), as these arrangements have come to be known, poses significant challenges for democracy and the rule of law and often threatens peoples' enjoyment o…
Much Ado About Facebook? Evidence from 80 Congressional Campaigns in Chile
How do political candidates combine social media campaign tools with on-the-ground political campaigns to pursue segmented electoral strategies? We argue that online campaigns can reproduce and reinforce segmented electoral appeals. Furthermore, our study suggests that electoral segmentation remains a broader phenomenon that includes social media as but one of many instruments by which to appeal to voters. To test our argument, we analyze the cas…
Assessing the Risk of Democratic Reversal in the United States: A Reply to Kurt Weyland
By replying to Kurt Weyland’s (2020) comparative study of populism, we revisit optimistic perspectives on the health of American democracy in light of existing evidence. Relying on a set-theoretical approach, Weyland concludes that populists succeed in subverting democracy only when institutional weakness and conjunctural misfortune are observed jointly in a polity, thereby conferring on the United States immunity to democratic reversal. We chall…
Political parties, diminished subtypes, and democracy
There is a resurgence of interest in political parties. This resurgent interest embraces a minimalist definition of political parties, according to which any group that competes in elections and receives a handful of votes qualifies as a party. Parties, however, are expected to contribute to democratic representation, and the party politics literature has extensively shown that many “parties” do not fulfill this expectation. These entities that p…
Do Conditionalities Increase Support for Government Transfers
Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs) have spread through the developing world in the past two decades. It is often assumed that CCTs enjoy political support in the population precisely because they impose conditions on beneficiaries. This article employs survey experiments in Brazil and Turkey to determine whether, and in what contexts, making government transfers conditional on behaviour of beneficiaries increases political support for the programm…
Unpacking the State’s Uneven Territorial Reach: Evidence from Latin America
Capturing Sub-National Variation in State Capacity: A Survey-Based Approach
Though there are many existing measures of state capacity, few capture its sub-national territorial variation in a reliable and valid way. This article proposes a novel, survey-based, measurement strategy for state capacity that is tailored to address this limitation of existing measures, and apply it to contemporary Latin America. We describe cross-national variation in state capacity based on data produced by our measure, engage in a series of …
Greater State Capacity, Lesser Stateness: Lessons from the Peruvian Commodity Boom
This article analyzes the evolution of state capacity in Peru during the recent commodity boom. Peru's economic growth happened in a context in which inclusive democratic institutions were at play for the longest period ever registered in the country and at a time when political elites decided to invest considerable resources in developing state capacity (not the prototypical predatory elites usually identified in the literature). This case illus…
Latin America’s Problems of Success
This concluding essay proposes a reassessment of Guillermo O’Donnell’s treatment of horizontal and vertical accountability in his conceptualization of “delegative democracy.” In a situation that parallels that of the 1990s, today several Latin American de
Chile’s Crisis of Representation
The article describes Chile's contemporary political crisis and provides an account of the recent events that triggered it. The author further presents a structural explanation of the crisis. While the re-politicization of inequality has helped trigger the contemporary crisis of legitimacy, this article argues that the root cause of the crisis is the lack of effective channels of vertical accountability. Strong horizontal accountability, individu…
Targeted social policy allocations by “clean” state bureaucracies: Chile 2000–2009
We present evidence on the distributive politics of social transfers implemented in the context of a capable bureaucracy and the absence of a clientelistic machine-party system; where the usual distinction between “core” and “swing” voter investments falls short. Using evidence from Chile, the paper illustrates a selective distributive politics scenario in which, at the margins of fair socioeconomic targeting, incumbents might seek to enhance the…
Segmented Representation: Political Party Strategies in Unequal Democracies
Examines how the success or failure of political parties in representative democracies rests on their ability to engage voters in highly unequal and individualized societies. Using Chile's right-wing UDI and Uruguay's left-wing Frente Amplio as case studies, looks at how both have achieved political victories by simultaneously segmenting and harmonizing their linkages to distinct cross-sections of voters.
The Resilience of the Latin American Right
Party System Institutionalization: Do We Need a New Concept
The resilience of the Latin American right
Political Representation in Latin America: A Study of Elite-Mass Congruence in Nine Countries
The authors combine elite and mass survey data to create indicators of representation for nine nations: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, and Uruguay. For the first time, a quantified measure of the extent to which political parties represent voters’ policy preferences in these countries is offered. The authors then examine the political, social, and economic correlates of representation. Consistent with ex…
Uprooted but Stable: Chilean Parties and the Concept of Party System Institutionalization
Mainwaring and Scully's concept of party system institutionalization (PSI) has greatly influenced the literature on parties and party systems. This article contributes to the "revisionist" literature on PSI by exploring the recent evolution of the concept's four dimensions in Chile. It finds that the Chilean party system is not homogenously institutionalized (as conventionally argued) but is simultaneously frozen at the elite level and increasing…
The Left Turns as Multiple Paradigmatic Crises
The left turns represent a 'second incorporation crisis' for Latin American countries. The discontent emerging from the effects of market reforms implemented in the context of weak states and highly unequal societies has fuelled this crisis, along with citizens' widespread alienation with traditional parties and political elites. The left turns also yield three interrelated paradigmatic crises: one relates to political and economic praxis in the …
Chile’s Crisis of Representation
The article describes Chile's contemporary political crisis and provides an account of the recent events that triggered it. The author further presents a structural explanation of the crisis. While the re-politicization of inequality has helped trigger the contemporary crisis of legitimacy, this article argues that the root cause of the crisis is the lack of effective channels of vertical accountability. Strong horizontal accountability, individu…
Criminal Governance and the Crisis of Contemporary Latin American States
Across Latin America, societies are confronting the rise of novel orders in which state officials and political authorities share power with criminal organizations. Criminal governance (i.e., the creation of rules regulating behavior by criminal entities often with the collaboration of state actors), as these arrangements have come to be known, poses significant challenges for democracy and the rule of law and often threatens peoples' enjoyment o…
Greater State Capacity, Lesser Stateness: Lessons from the Peruvian Commodity Boom
This article analyzes the evolution of state capacity in Peru during the recent commodity boom. Peru's economic growth happened in a context in which inclusive democratic institutions were at play for the longest period ever registered in the country and at a time when political elites decided to invest considerable resources in developing state capacity (not the prototypical predatory elites usually identified in the literature). This case illus…
Segmented Party-Voter Linkages in Latin America: The Case of the UDI
By analysing the socially segmented party-voter linkages deployed by the Unión Demócrata Independiente (Independent Democratic Union, UDI), a Chilean conservative party, this article demonstrates the usefulness of combining Kitschelt's party-voter linkage framework with Gibson's conceptual approach to conservative party electoral coalition-making. In Latin America, parties take advantage of social fragmentation and the availability of non-state c…
Chile: Are the Parties Over
For the first time since the fall of Pinochet, the Chilean right has come to power via free elections. The long-ruling center-left coalition leaves behind many achievements, but also disturbing signs of a weakened party system
Capturing Sub-National Variation in State Capacity: A Survey-Based Approach
Though there are many existing measures of state capacity, few capture its sub-national territorial variation in a reliable and valid way. This article proposes a novel, survey-based, measurement strategy for state capacity that is tailored to address this limitation of existing measures, and apply it to contemporary Latin America. We describe cross-national variation in state capacity based on data produced by our measure, engage in a series of …
Party System Institutionalization: Do We Need a New Concept
The resilience of the Latin American right
Political parties, diminished subtypes, and democracy
There is a resurgence of interest in political parties. This resurgent interest embraces a minimalist definition of political parties, according to which any group that competes in elections and receives a handful of votes qualifies as a party. Parties, however, are expected to contribute to democratic representation, and the party politics literature has extensively shown that many “parties” do not fulfill this expectation. These entities that p…
Frente Amplio and the Crafting of a Social Democratic Alternative in Uruguay
This study of Uruguay's Frente Amplio explores four central questions for the analysis of the "new Latin American left." How did a leftist alternative emerge and grow inside an institutionalized party system? How do the socioeconomic and political factors that enabled the rise of the left in Uruguay differ from those observed in other Latin American cases? How did Frente Amplio adapt itself to profit from the opportunities that arose during the 1…
El secreto de mi éxito: Seis caminos para llegar y permanecer en Valparaíso
En esta nota presentamos un conjunto de evidencia preliminar acerca de las características de veinticuatro campañas electorales desarrolladas en 2005, en seis distritos de la Región Metropolitana de Santiago. Sobre la base de esta información elaboramos una tipología de campañas electorales de incumbents y desafiantes. La información que aquí se sintetiza ha sido generada mediante la combinación de observación participante, la realización de entr…
Religious parties in Chile: The Christian Democratic Party and the Independent Democratic Union
This article analyses the Christian Democratic Party (PDC) and the Independent Democratic Union (UDI) of Chile, both of which could be considered religiously oriented parties. On the basis of the typology introduced in this special issue, we conclude that the PDC has oscillated between the "progressive" and "conservative" types. Meanwhile, the UDI represents an uncontested example of the conservative type. However, both parties share a number of …
Partidos y sistemas de partidos en América Latina: Aproximaciones desde la encuesta a expertos 2009
en base a la identificación de corrientes ideológicas y patrones de competencia nacionales, esta nota de investigación presenta una clasificación de los partidos políticos y sistemas de partido de américa Latina.La clasificación que presentamos se basa en un primer análisis de los resultados de una encuesta a expertos realizada entre 2007 y 2009, para sondear las características de los partidos políticos de la región.en base a una estrategia de a…
Amplifying Counter-Public Spheres on Social Media: News Sharing of Alternative Versus Traditional Media After the 2019 Chilean Uprising
While much research exists on the role of digital media use in protest movements, few studies compare the long-term impact of protests on online use of alternative and mainstream digital media. This holds particularly true in countries of the global south. Our study addresses this knowledge gap by examining the massive demonstrations that occurred in Chile on 18 October 2019. Based on data from 1,221,487 Facebook posts from 31 media outlets colle…
Latin America’s Problems of Success
This concluding essay proposes a reassessment of Guillermo O’Donnell’s treatment of horizontal and vertical accountability in his conceptualization of “delegative democracy.” In a situation that parallels that of the 1990s, today several Latin American de
Introducción: El Estado Latinoamericano en Su Laberinto
i am convinced that the enemies of the nation do take advantage of
The long memory of the land: Pre-colonial origins of Mapuche mobilization in Chile
The Chilean elections of December 2009 and January 2010
Disjointed Polarization in Chile's Enduring Crisis of Representation
This analytical essay proposes the notion of disjointed polarization to characterize the nature of polarization in contemporary Chile. In disjointed polarization, elite-level polarization does not lead to a successful electoral realignment. Disjointed polarization is thus consistent with a long-lasting crisis of representation in which a serial disconnect between politicians (pursuing different polarizing strategies) and a sizable fraction of the…
Uneven States, Unequal Societies, and Democracy's Unfulfilled Promises: Citizenship Rights in Chile and Contemporary Latin America
In contemporary Latin America, deep-seated social discontent with political elites and institutions has been, paradoxically, the counterpart of democratic stability and resilience. This paradox suggests that scholarly assessments of democracy are, at least partially, at odds with citizens' own views of democracy. This article thus develops a framework to describe citizens' everyday experience with civil, political, and social entitlements associa…
Targeted social policy allocations by “clean” state bureaucracies: Chile 2000–2009
We present evidence on the distributive politics of social transfers implemented in the context of a capable bureaucracy and the absence of a clientelistic machine-party system; where the usual distinction between “core” and “swing” voter investments falls short. Using evidence from Chile, the paper illustrates a selective distributive politics scenario in which, at the margins of fair socioeconomic targeting, incumbents might seek to enhance the…
Latin American Political Economy: Making Sense of a New Reality
This brief article is designed to highlight an unfortunate discrepancy in the field of Latin American political economy. The field's raison d'être has never been more compelling. Latin American societies have simultaneously been experiencing profound transformations-including democratic consolidation, demographic transition, and the growth of identity politics-and a palpable sense of déjà vu animated by the recovery of commodity prices and the re…
Ideología y competencia partidaria en dos post-transiciones: Chile y Uruguay en perspectiva comparada
Este trabajo constituye un primer intento por comparar los perfiles ideológicos de los partidos políticoschilenos y uruguayos, con el objetivo de describir los patrones de competencia partidaria que caracterizana cada sistema. Aplicando un análisis factorial sobre las respuestas de los legisladores de ambospaíses construimos aquí tres ejes ideológicos comunes: autoritarismo-democracia, Estado-mercado, religioso/conservador-secular/liberal, en los…
Political Representation in Latin America: A Study of Elite-Mass Congruence in Nine Countries
The authors combine elite and mass survey data to create indicators of representation for nine nations: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, and Uruguay. For the first time, a quantified measure of the extent to which political parties represent voters’ policy preferences in these countries is offered. The authors then examine the political, social, and economic correlates of representation. Consistent with ex…
El secreto de mi éxito: Seis caminos para llegar y permanecer en Valparaíso
En esta nota presentamos un conjunto de evidencia preliminar acerca de las características de veinticuatro campañas electorales desarrolladas en 2005, en seis distritos de la Región Metropolitana de Santiago. Sobre la base de esta información elaboramos una tipología de campañas electorales de incumbents y desafiantes. La información que aquí se sintetiza ha sido generada mediante la combinación de observación participante, la realización de entr…
Desafección cívica, polarización ideológica y calidad de la democracia: Una introducción al Anuario Político de América Latina
El año 2006 América Latina estuvo dominada por una inusual actividad electoral a lo largo y ancho del continente. A nivel de relaciones internacionales, este año se caracterizó por mostrar un nivel infrecuente de conflictividad entre los países, llegando inclusive a manifestarse en roces diplomáticos serios. Al interior de cada país, también resultaron evidentes problemas transversales: déficits persistentes de desarrollo humano a contramano de l…
Frente Amplio and the Crafting of a Social Democratic Alternative in Uruguay
This study of Uruguay's Frente Amplio explores four central questions for the analysis of the "new Latin American left." How did a leftist alternative emerge and grow inside an institutionalized party system? How do the socioeconomic and political factors that enabled the rise of the left in Uruguay differ from those observed in other Latin American cases? How did Frente Amplio adapt itself to profit from the opportunities that arose during the 1…
Democracia, gobierno y partidos: Introducción a Lapop Chile 2008
Partidos y sistemas de partidos en América Latina: Aproximaciones desde la encuesta a expertos 2009
en base a la identificación de corrientes ideológicas y patrones de competencia nacionales, esta nota de investigación presenta una clasificación de los partidos políticos y sistemas de partido de américa Latina.La clasificación que presentamos se basa en un primer análisis de los resultados de una encuesta a expertos realizada entre 2007 y 2009, para sondear las características de los partidos políticos de la región.en base a una estrategia de a…
Societies, Social Policies, and Political Representation: A Latin American Perspective
The Left Turns as Multiple Paradigmatic Crises
The left turns represent a 'second incorporation crisis' for Latin American countries. The discontent emerging from the effects of market reforms implemented in the context of weak states and highly unequal societies has fuelled this crisis, along with citizens' widespread alienation with traditional parties and political elites. The left turns also yield three interrelated paradigmatic crises: one relates to political and economic praxis in the …
Latin American Party Systems
Political parties provide a crucial link between voters and politicians. This link takes a variety of forms in democratic regimes, from the organization of political machines built around clientelistic networks to the establishment of sophisticated programmatic parties. Latin American Party Systems provides a novel theoretical argument to account for differences in the degree to which political party systems in the region were programmatically st…
Latin America’s Left Turns: Politics, Policies, and Trajectories of Change
Chile: Are the Parties Over
For the first time since the fall of Pinochet, the Chilean right has come to power via free elections. The long-ruling center-left coalition leaves behind many achievements, but also disturbing signs of a weakened party system
Segmented Party-Voter Linkages in Latin America: The Case of the UDI
By analysing the socially segmented party-voter linkages deployed by the Unión Demócrata Independiente (Independent Democratic Union, UDI), a Chilean conservative party, this article demonstrates the usefulness of combining Kitschelt's party-voter linkage framework with Gibson's conceptual approach to conservative party electoral coalition-making. In Latin America, parties take advantage of social fragmentation and the availability of non-state c…
The Chilean elections of December 2009 and January 2010
Uprooted but Stable: Chilean Parties and the Concept of Party System Institutionalization
Mainwaring and Scully's concept of party system institutionalization (PSI) has greatly influenced the literature on parties and party systems. This article contributes to the "revisionist" literature on PSI by exploring the recent evolution of the concept's four dimensions in Chile. It finds that the Chilean party system is not homogenously institutionalized (as conventionally argued) but is simultaneously frozen at the elite level and increasing…
Crisis de incorporación en América Latina: Límites de la modernización conservadora
Este texto analiza la crisis de incorporación que se produjo en América Latina al finalizar el siglo xx, como consecuencia de la combinación de cambios en el modelo de desarrollo, durabilidad de las democracias electorales, persistencia de las desigualdades e incremento de expectativas relacionadas con la movilidad educativa y la difusión de nuevos patronesde consumo. Este tipo de crisis ocurren cuando la necesidad de interacción cooperativa en l…
Introducción: El Estado Latinoamericano en Su Laberinto
i am convinced that the enemies of the nation do take advantage of
Religious parties in Chile: The Christian Democratic Party and the Independent Democratic Union
This article analyses the Christian Democratic Party (PDC) and the Independent Democratic Union (UDI) of Chile, both of which could be considered religiously oriented parties. On the basis of the typology introduced in this special issue, we conclude that the PDC has oscillated between the "progressive" and "conservative" types. Meanwhile, the UDI represents an uncontested example of the conservative type. However, both parties share a number of …
Segmented Representation: Political Party Strategies in Unequal Democracies
Examines how the success or failure of political parties in representative democracies rests on their ability to engage voters in highly unequal and individualized societies. Using Chile's right-wing UDI and Uruguay's left-wing Frente Amplio as case studies, looks at how both have achieved political victories by simultaneously segmenting and harmonizing their linkages to distinct cross-sections of voters.
The Resilience of the Latin American Right
Party System Institutionalization: Do We Need a New Concept
The resilience of the Latin American right
Latin American Political Economy: Making Sense of a New Reality
This brief article is designed to highlight an unfortunate discrepancy in the field of Latin American political economy. The field's raison d'être has never been more compelling. Latin American societies have simultaneously been experiencing profound transformations-including democratic consolidation, demographic transition, and the growth of identity politics-and a palpable sense of déjà vu animated by the recovery of commodity prices and the re…
Targeted social policy allocations by “clean” state bureaucracies: Chile 2000–2009
We present evidence on the distributive politics of social transfers implemented in the context of a capable bureaucracy and the absence of a clientelistic machine-party system; where the usual distinction between “core” and “swing” voter investments falls short. Using evidence from Chile, the paper illustrates a selective distributive politics scenario in which, at the margins of fair socioeconomic targeting, incumbents might seek to enhance the…
Latin America’s Problems of Success
This concluding essay proposes a reassessment of Guillermo O’Donnell’s treatment of horizontal and vertical accountability in his conceptualization of “delegative democracy.” In a situation that parallels that of the 1990s, today several Latin American de
Political science (39 works) · Law (27 works) · Politics (24 works) · Sociology (24 works) · Politics and Society in Latin America (21 works) · Political economy (20 works) · Latin Americans (16 works) · Economics (15 works) · Law (13 works) · Democracy (12 works)