Eric Stallard
Biographic Data
| ID | 273263 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Eric Stallard |
| GIVEN NAMES | Eric |
| FAMILY NAME | Stallard |
| SIGNATURE | STALLARD E |
| AFFILIATIONS | Duke University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 20 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 312 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 20 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1976 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2020 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Composite Measure of Physiological Dysregulation as a Predictor of Mortality: The Long Life Family Study
Biological aging results in changes in an organism that accumulate over age in a complex fashion across different regulatory systems, and their cumulative effect manifests in increased physiological dysregulation (PD) and declining robustness and resilience that increase risks of health disorders and death. Several composite measures involving multiple biomarkers that capture complex effects of aging have been proposed. We applied one such approa…
Mortality, Biodemography of
Estimating time-varying sex-age-specific o/e rates of marital status transitions in family household projection or simulation
This article presents a procedure for estimating time-varying sex-age-specific occurrence/exposure (o/e) rates of marital status transitions to ensure that the projected life course propensities of marriage/union formation and dissolution are achieved
Chronic disability trends in elderly United States populations: 1982–1994
Statistically significant declines in chronic disability prevalence rates were observed in the elderly United States population between the 1982 and 1989 National Long Term Care Surveys (NLTCS). The 1994 NLTCS was used to investigate whether disability rate declines continued to 1994. The 1982, 1984, 1989, and 1994 NLTCS employ the same sample design and instrumentation so that trends in disability can be estimated with minimal sampling and measu…
Education-Specific Estimates of Life Expectancy and Age-Specific Disability in the U.S. Elderly Population 1982 to 1991
The authors used mortality data for 1982 to 1991 linked to survey records from the 1982, 1984, and 1989 National Long Term Care Surveys to calculate gender differences over age in mortality and functional status for high (8 or more years of schooling) and low (less than 8 years of schooling) education subgroups. Males and females with high education maintained better functioning at later ages than those with low education. The authors also found …
Changes in the age dependence of mortality and disability: Cohort and other determinants
Though the general trend in the United States has been toward increasing life expectancy both at birth and at age 65, the temporal rate of change in life expectancy since 1900 has been variable and often restricted to specific population groups. There have been periods during which the age- and gender-specific risks of particular causes of death have either increased or decreased. These periods partly reflect the persistent effects of population …
Changes in Morbidity and Chronic Disability in the U.S. Elderly Population: Evidence from the 1982, 1984, and 1989 National Long Term Care Surveys
We examined changes in the reported prevalence of 16 medical conditions in the U.S. population age 65 and above using data from the 1982, 1984, and 1989 National Long Term Care Surveys. Changes in those disease prevalence rates were examined both as observed, and after standardizing for changes in the age, sex, and disability distributions in the U.S. elderly population between 1982 and 1989. We found significant declines in the net prevalence of…
Estimates of Change in Chronic Disability and Institutional Incidence and Prevalence Rates in the U.S Elderly Population From the 1982, 1984, and 1989 National Long Term Care Survey
The U.S. elderly (65+) and oldest-old (85+) populations are growing rapidly which, combined with their high per capita acute and long-term care needs, will increase total U.S. health care needs. Also important in determining needs is how health and function change as mortality declines in the elderly population. Recent increases in adult life expectancy have been due to declines in stroke and heart disease mortality. There is controversy, however…
The Use of Grade-of-Membership Techniques to Estimate Regression Relationships
Kenneth G. Manton, Max A. Woodbury, Eric Stallard, Larry S. Corder, The Use of Grade-of-Membership Techniques to Estimate Regression Relationships, Sociological Methodology, Vol. 22 (1992), pp. 321-381
Limits to Human Life Expectancy: Evidence, Prospects, and Implications
Identifying limits to human life expectancy and life span is difficult because survival is determined by the individuals physiology exogenous influences and their interaction over time. To explore theoretical limits the authors examine the life expectancy of selected populations with good health behavior and apply a multivariate risk-factor model to longitudinal data. The risk-factor model and the population data produce consistent estimates of a…
Grade-of-Membership Techniques for Studying Complex Event History Processes with Unobserved Covariates
Kenneth G. Manton, Eric Stallard, Max A. Woodbury, H. Dennis Tolley, Anatoli I. Yashin, Grade-of-Membership Techniques for Studying Complex Event History Processes with Unobserved Covariates, Sociological Methodology, Vol. 17 (1987), pp. 309-346
Recent Trends in Mortality Analysis
In this book [the authors] present a series of demographic models designed to investigate the effects of morbidity and mortality processes on human populations. The models are designed to be biologically realistic and to be consistent with both macro- and micro-level changes. An overview of trends in mortality analysis is first presented and the quality of available data is assessed with a geographic focus on the United States. Next empirical met…
Temporal trends in U. S. multiple cause of death mortality data: 1968 To 1977
An analysis is made of the mortality trends over the period 1968 to 1977 indicated by two types of cause-specific mortality data. The first type of data is “underlying cause” of death data—the data heretofore used in national vital statistics reports on cause-specific mortality. The second type of data is “multiple cause” data which contain a listing of all medical conditions recorded on the death certificate. A comparison of trends in the two ty…
The Use of Mortality Time Series Data to Produce Hypothetical Morbidity Distributions and Project Mortality Trends
It is difficult to obtain direct empirical estimates of chronic disease prevalence in the U.S. population. The available estimates are usually derived from epidemiological studies of selected populations. In this paper we present strategies for estimating morbidity distributions in the national population using auxiliary biomedical evidence and theory to estimate transitions to morbidity states from a cohort mortality time series. We present comp…
Methods for Comparing the Mortality Experience of Heterogeneous Populations
Methods are presented which produce Maximum Likelihood Estimates (MLE) of the degree of heterogeneity in individual mortality risks under a variety of assumptions about the age trajectory of those mortality risks. With these estimates of the degree of population heterogeneity it is possible to adjust comparisons of mortality risks across populations for the effects of population heterogeneity, differential mortality selection, and different age t…
Methods for the Analysis of Mortality Risks Across Heterogeneous Small Populations: Examination of Space-Time Gradients in Cancer Mortality in North Carolina Counties 1970–75
A method of analyzing mortality rates in heterogeneous populations is presented. This method, appropriate for the investigation of mortality rates in small geographic areas (e.g., counties) where the forces of mobility operate to selectively “package” persons, is applied to the determination of whether a spatial west-east gradient in cancer mortality rates existed in North Carolina over the period 1970 to 1975. A significant gradient (as well as …
Mortality of the Chronically Impaired
An analysis of the effects of diabetes and generalized atherosclerosis on death due to ischemic heart disease or stroke was conducted using multiple cause mortality statistics. Specifically, all U.S. deaths in 1969 were classified into two groups on the basis of whether diabetes or generalized atherosclerosis was mentioned anywhere on the death certificate. Then race and sex specific analyses were made of ischemic heart disease deaths (or alterna…
Estimates of U.S. Multiple Cause Life Tables
Cause elimination life tables estimated from multiple cause of death data for four race/sex groups are presented for the U.S. population in 1969. These “multiple cause” life tables are then compared to cause elimination life tables where the mortality risk eliminated is that of the cause of death only in its occurrence as the underlying cause of death. An evaluation is made of the possible effects of the multiple cause data on our perception of t…
The impact of heterogeneity in individual frailty on the dynamics of mortality
Life table methods are developed for populations whose members differ in their endowment for longevity. Unlike standard methods, which ignore such heterogeneity, these methods use different calculations to construct cohort, period, and individual life tables. The results imply that standard methods overestimate current life expectancy and potential gains in life expectancy from health and safety interventions, while underestimating rates of indiv…
Equivalencies among Canonical Factor Analysis, Canonical Reliability Analysis, and Principal Components Analysis: Implications for Data Reduction of Fallible Measures
If variables are scaled so that they have equal errors of measurement, then the maximally reliable composites found in a canonical reliability analysis have highly desirable properties. Under this scaling transformation, canonical factor analysis on all nonerror variance, principal components analysis and canonical reliability analysis all yield equivalent results. Thus, the resulting components are successively maximally reliable and simultaneou…
The impact of heterogeneity in individual frailty on the dynamics of mortality
Life table methods are developed for populations whose members differ in their endowment for longevity. Unlike standard methods, which ignore such heterogeneity, these methods use different calculations to construct cohort, period, and individual life tables. The results imply that standard methods overestimate current life expectancy and potential gains in life expectancy from health and safety interventions, while underestimating rates of indiv…
Changes in the age dependence of mortality and disability: Cohort and other determinants
Though the general trend in the United States has been toward increasing life expectancy both at birth and at age 65, the temporal rate of change in life expectancy since 1900 has been variable and often restricted to specific population groups. There have been periods during which the age- and gender-specific risks of particular causes of death have either increased or decreased. These periods partly reflect the persistent effects of population …
Methods for Comparing the Mortality Experience of Heterogeneous Populations
Methods are presented which produce Maximum Likelihood Estimates (MLE) of the degree of heterogeneity in individual mortality risks under a variety of assumptions about the age trajectory of those mortality risks. With these estimates of the degree of population heterogeneity it is possible to adjust comparisons of mortality risks across populations for the effects of population heterogeneity, differential mortality selection, and different age t…
Limits to Human Life Expectancy: Evidence, Prospects, and Implications
Identifying limits to human life expectancy and life span is difficult because survival is determined by the individuals physiology exogenous influences and their interaction over time. To explore theoretical limits the authors examine the life expectancy of selected populations with good health behavior and apply a multivariate risk-factor model to longitudinal data. The risk-factor model and the population data produce consistent estimates of a…
Changes in Morbidity and Chronic Disability in the U.S. Elderly Population: Evidence from the 1982, 1984, and 1989 National Long Term Care Surveys
We examined changes in the reported prevalence of 16 medical conditions in the U.S. population age 65 and above using data from the 1982, 1984, and 1989 National Long Term Care Surveys. Changes in those disease prevalence rates were examined both as observed, and after standardizing for changes in the age, sex, and disability distributions in the U.S. elderly population between 1982 and 1989. We found significant declines in the net prevalence of…
Education-Specific Estimates of Life Expectancy and Age-Specific Disability in the U.S. Elderly Population 1982 to 1991
The authors used mortality data for 1982 to 1991 linked to survey records from the 1982, 1984, and 1989 National Long Term Care Surveys to calculate gender differences over age in mortality and functional status for high (8 or more years of schooling) and low (less than 8 years of schooling) education subgroups. Males and females with high education maintained better functioning at later ages than those with low education. The authors also found …
Temporal trends in U. S. multiple cause of death mortality data: 1968 To 1977
An analysis is made of the mortality trends over the period 1968 to 1977 indicated by two types of cause-specific mortality data. The first type of data is “underlying cause” of death data—the data heretofore used in national vital statistics reports on cause-specific mortality. The second type of data is “multiple cause” data which contain a listing of all medical conditions recorded on the death certificate. A comparison of trends in the two ty…
Grade-of-Membership Techniques for Studying Complex Event History Processes with Unobserved Covariates
Kenneth G. Manton, Eric Stallard, Max A. Woodbury, H. Dennis Tolley, Anatoli I. Yashin, Grade-of-Membership Techniques for Studying Complex Event History Processes with Unobserved Covariates, Sociological Methodology, Vol. 17 (1987), pp. 309-346
The Use of Grade-of-Membership Techniques to Estimate Regression Relationships
Kenneth G. Manton, Max A. Woodbury, Eric Stallard, Larry S. Corder, The Use of Grade-of-Membership Techniques to Estimate Regression Relationships, Sociological Methodology, Vol. 22 (1992), pp. 321-381
Methods for the Analysis of Mortality Risks Across Heterogeneous Small Populations: Examination of Space-Time Gradients in Cancer Mortality in North Carolina Counties 1970–75
A method of analyzing mortality rates in heterogeneous populations is presented. This method, appropriate for the investigation of mortality rates in small geographic areas (e.g., counties) where the forces of mobility operate to selectively “package” persons, is applied to the determination of whether a spatial west-east gradient in cancer mortality rates existed in North Carolina over the period 1970 to 1975. A significant gradient (as well as …
Estimates of U.S. Multiple Cause Life Tables
Cause elimination life tables estimated from multiple cause of death data for four race/sex groups are presented for the U.S. population in 1969. These “multiple cause” life tables are then compared to cause elimination life tables where the mortality risk eliminated is that of the cause of death only in its occurrence as the underlying cause of death. An evaluation is made of the possible effects of the multiple cause data on our perception of t…
Mortality of the Chronically Impaired
An analysis of the effects of diabetes and generalized atherosclerosis on death due to ischemic heart disease or stroke was conducted using multiple cause mortality statistics. Specifically, all U.S. deaths in 1969 were classified into two groups on the basis of whether diabetes or generalized atherosclerosis was mentioned anywhere on the death certificate. Then race and sex specific analyses were made of ischemic heart disease deaths (or alterna…
Equivalencies among Canonical Factor Analysis, Canonical Reliability Analysis, and Principal Components Analysis: Implications for Data Reduction of Fallible Measures
If variables are scaled so that they have equal errors of measurement, then the maximally reliable composites found in a canonical reliability analysis have highly desirable properties. Under this scaling transformation, canonical factor analysis on all nonerror variance, principal components analysis and canonical reliability analysis all yield equivalent results. Thus, the resulting components are successively maximally reliable and simultaneou…
The impact of heterogeneity in individual frailty on the dynamics of mortality
Life table methods are developed for populations whose members differ in their endowment for longevity. Unlike standard methods, which ignore such heterogeneity, these methods use different calculations to construct cohort, period, and individual life tables. The results imply that standard methods overestimate current life expectancy and potential gains in life expectancy from health and safety interventions, while underestimating rates of indiv…
Mortality of the Chronically Impaired
An analysis of the effects of diabetes and generalized atherosclerosis on death due to ischemic heart disease or stroke was conducted using multiple cause mortality statistics. Specifically, all U.S. deaths in 1969 were classified into two groups on the basis of whether diabetes or generalized atherosclerosis was mentioned anywhere on the death certificate. Then race and sex specific analyses were made of ischemic heart disease deaths (or alterna…
Estimates of U.S. Multiple Cause Life Tables
Cause elimination life tables estimated from multiple cause of death data for four race/sex groups are presented for the U.S. population in 1969. These “multiple cause” life tables are then compared to cause elimination life tables where the mortality risk eliminated is that of the cause of death only in its occurrence as the underlying cause of death. An evaluation is made of the possible effects of the multiple cause data on our perception of t…
Methods for Comparing the Mortality Experience of Heterogeneous Populations
Methods are presented which produce Maximum Likelihood Estimates (MLE) of the degree of heterogeneity in individual mortality risks under a variety of assumptions about the age trajectory of those mortality risks. With these estimates of the degree of population heterogeneity it is possible to adjust comparisons of mortality risks across populations for the effects of population heterogeneity, differential mortality selection, and different age t…
Methods for the Analysis of Mortality Risks Across Heterogeneous Small Populations: Examination of Space-Time Gradients in Cancer Mortality in North Carolina Counties 1970–75
A method of analyzing mortality rates in heterogeneous populations is presented. This method, appropriate for the investigation of mortality rates in small geographic areas (e.g., counties) where the forces of mobility operate to selectively “package” persons, is applied to the determination of whether a spatial west-east gradient in cancer mortality rates existed in North Carolina over the period 1970 to 1975. A significant gradient (as well as …
Temporal trends in U. S. multiple cause of death mortality data: 1968 To 1977
An analysis is made of the mortality trends over the period 1968 to 1977 indicated by two types of cause-specific mortality data. The first type of data is “underlying cause” of death data—the data heretofore used in national vital statistics reports on cause-specific mortality. The second type of data is “multiple cause” data which contain a listing of all medical conditions recorded on the death certificate. A comparison of trends in the two ty…
The Use of Mortality Time Series Data to Produce Hypothetical Morbidity Distributions and Project Mortality Trends
It is difficult to obtain direct empirical estimates of chronic disease prevalence in the U.S. population. The available estimates are usually derived from epidemiological studies of selected populations. In this paper we present strategies for estimating morbidity distributions in the national population using auxiliary biomedical evidence and theory to estimate transitions to morbidity states from a cohort mortality time series. We present comp…
Recent Trends in Mortality Analysis
In this book [the authors] present a series of demographic models designed to investigate the effects of morbidity and mortality processes on human populations. The models are designed to be biologically realistic and to be consistent with both macro- and micro-level changes. An overview of trends in mortality analysis is first presented and the quality of available data is assessed with a geographic focus on the United States. Next empirical met…
Grade-of-Membership Techniques for Studying Complex Event History Processes with Unobserved Covariates
Kenneth G. Manton, Eric Stallard, Max A. Woodbury, H. Dennis Tolley, Anatoli I. Yashin, Grade-of-Membership Techniques for Studying Complex Event History Processes with Unobserved Covariates, Sociological Methodology, Vol. 17 (1987), pp. 309-346
Limits to Human Life Expectancy: Evidence, Prospects, and Implications
Identifying limits to human life expectancy and life span is difficult because survival is determined by the individuals physiology exogenous influences and their interaction over time. To explore theoretical limits the authors examine the life expectancy of selected populations with good health behavior and apply a multivariate risk-factor model to longitudinal data. The risk-factor model and the population data produce consistent estimates of a…
The Use of Grade-of-Membership Techniques to Estimate Regression Relationships
Kenneth G. Manton, Max A. Woodbury, Eric Stallard, Larry S. Corder, The Use of Grade-of-Membership Techniques to Estimate Regression Relationships, Sociological Methodology, Vol. 22 (1992), pp. 321-381
Estimates of Change in Chronic Disability and Institutional Incidence and Prevalence Rates in the U.S Elderly Population From the 1982, 1984, and 1989 National Long Term Care Survey
The U.S. elderly (65+) and oldest-old (85+) populations are growing rapidly which, combined with their high per capita acute and long-term care needs, will increase total U.S. health care needs. Also important in determining needs is how health and function change as mortality declines in the elderly population. Recent increases in adult life expectancy have been due to declines in stroke and heart disease mortality. There is controversy, however…
Changes in Morbidity and Chronic Disability in the U.S. Elderly Population: Evidence from the 1982, 1984, and 1989 National Long Term Care Surveys
We examined changes in the reported prevalence of 16 medical conditions in the U.S. population age 65 and above using data from the 1982, 1984, and 1989 National Long Term Care Surveys. Changes in those disease prevalence rates were examined both as observed, and after standardizing for changes in the age, sex, and disability distributions in the U.S. elderly population between 1982 and 1989. We found significant declines in the net prevalence of…
Chronic disability trends in elderly United States populations: 1982–1994
Statistically significant declines in chronic disability prevalence rates were observed in the elderly United States population between the 1982 and 1989 National Long Term Care Surveys (NLTCS). The 1994 NLTCS was used to investigate whether disability rate declines continued to 1994. The 1982, 1984, 1989, and 1994 NLTCS employ the same sample design and instrumentation so that trends in disability can be estimated with minimal sampling and measu…
Education-Specific Estimates of Life Expectancy and Age-Specific Disability in the U.S. Elderly Population 1982 to 1991
The authors used mortality data for 1982 to 1991 linked to survey records from the 1982, 1984, and 1989 National Long Term Care Surveys to calculate gender differences over age in mortality and functional status for high (8 or more years of schooling) and low (less than 8 years of schooling) education subgroups. Males and females with high education maintained better functioning at later ages than those with low education. The authors also found …
Changes in the age dependence of mortality and disability: Cohort and other determinants
Though the general trend in the United States has been toward increasing life expectancy both at birth and at age 65, the temporal rate of change in life expectancy since 1900 has been variable and often restricted to specific population groups. There have been periods during which the age- and gender-specific risks of particular causes of death have either increased or decreased. These periods partly reflect the persistent effects of population …
Estimating time-varying sex-age-specific o/e rates of marital status transitions in family household projection or simulation
This article presents a procedure for estimating time-varying sex-age-specific occurrence/exposure (o/e) rates of marital status transitions to ensure that the projected life course propensities of marriage/union formation and dissolution are achieved
Mortality, Biodemography of
Composite Measure of Physiological Dysregulation as a Predictor of Mortality: The Long Life Family Study
Biological aging results in changes in an organism that accumulate over age in a complex fashion across different regulatory systems, and their cumulative effect manifests in increased physiological dysregulation (PD) and declining robustness and resilience that increase risks of health disorders and death. Several composite measures involving multiple biomarkers that capture complex effects of aging have been proposed. We applied one such approa…
Demography (12 works) · Global Health Care Issues (11 works) · Health disparities and outcomes (11 works) · Medicine (11 works) · Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management (10 works) · Population (10 works) · Demography (9 works) · Mortality rate (7 works) · Gerontology (5 works) · Mathematics (5 works)