William J Sutherland
Biographic Data
| ID | 278287 |
|---|---|
| NAME | William J Sutherland |
| GIVEN NAMES | William J |
| FAMILY NAME | Sutherland |
| SIGNATURE | SUTHERLAND W J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Cambridge |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6498-0437 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 35 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 94 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 30 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 5 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1910 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Crediting non-author contributors in scientific publishing
The Mangrove Restoration Tracker Tool: Meeting local practitioner needs and tracking progress toward global targets
Restoration is a key component of global and national efforts to combat ecosystem degradation, reduce biodiversity loss, and adapt to climate change, and there is currently an impetus to scale up restoration efforts. However, our ability to track progress toward restoration targets is limited by the lack of consistent and standardized data on objectives, interventions, and outcomes. To address this, a collaboration of conservation practitioners a…
Foresight science in conservation: Tools, barriers, and mainstreaming opportunities
Identifying opportunities to deliver effective and efficient outcomes from business-biodiversity action
Business-biodiversity action is increasingly seen as critical for delivering conservation goals, but such action needs to be effective. Using detailed semi-structured interviews with leading business-biodiversity professionals and consultants we aimed to understand the actions currently taken and why, how actions are decided upon, and current challenges that hinder effective, efficient action. The scale and type of action varied by sector, driven…
What Works in Conservation 2020
"Does the creation of artificial reefs benefit subtidal benthic invertebrates? Is the use of organic farming instead of conventional farming beneficial to bat conservation? Does installing wildlife warning reflectors along roads benefit mammal conservation? Does the installation of exclusion and/or escape devices on fishing nets benefit marine and freshwater mammal conservation? What Works in Conservation has been created to provide practitioners…
Amphibian Conservation
Create ponds (amphibians in general) Create ponds (frogs) Create ponds (natterjack toads) Create ponds (salamanders including newts) Create wetlands Deepen, de-silt or re-profile ponds Restore wetlands Create ponds (great crested newts) Create ponds (green toads) Create ponds (toads) Remove specific aquatic plants Restore ponds Remove tree canopy to reduce pond shading Add nutrients to new ponds as larvae food source Add specific plants to aquati…
Accumulating evidence using crowdsourcing and machine learning: A living bibliography about existential risk and global catastrophic risk
The study of existential risk — the risk of human extinction or the collapse of human civilization — has only recently emerged as an integrated field of research, and yet an overwhelming volume of relevant research has already been published. To provide an evidence base for policy and risk analysis, this research should be systematically reviewed. In a systematic review, one of many time-consuming tasks is to read the titles and abstracts of rese…
What works in conservation: 2019
"Do wind turbine modifications reduce bat fatalities? Does adding topsoil increase the abundance of heathland plants? Are interventions to reduce road impacts on amphibians effective? Do herbicides control invasive parrot's feather? What Works in Conservation has been created to provide practitioners with answers to these and many other questions about practical conservation. This book provides an assessment of the effectiveness of 1389 conservat…
Amphibian Conservation
Quantifying cultural ecosystem services: Disentangling the effects of management from landscape features
Cultural ecosystem services are undeniably important, yet are typically neglected in land management decisions due to a suite of intractable challenges: they are highly complex, localised, and inextricably associated with landscape features. However, to incorporate the ecosystem services framework into land management, decision‐makers need the tools to disentangle the effects of land use from other factors. This is a major challenge for ecosystem…
Biodiversity’s contributions to sustainable development
Integrated farm management for sustainable agriculture: Lessons for knowledge exchange and policy
As a response to the environmentally and socially destructive practices of post-war mechanization and intensification, the concept of sustainable agriculture has become prominent in research, policy, and practice. Sustainable agriculture aims to balance the economic, environmental, and social aspects of farming, creating a resilient farming system in the long-term. Over the last few decades, various concepts have been used in research and policy …
What Works in Conservation 2018
Amphibian Conservation
What are the best means of reducing illegal hunting of primates? Does changing the type of livestock benefit heathland vegetation? Does removing the upper layer of peat enhance peatland restoration? Is flame treatment effective for dealing with invasive floating pennywort? What Works in Conservation has been created to provide practitioners with answers to these and many other questions about practical conservation. This book provides an assessme…
Cross-discipline evidence principles for sustainability policy
Evidence-Based Synopsis of Interventions, a New Tool in Primate Conservation and Research
Classifying global catastrophic risks
We present a novel classification framework for severe global catastrophic risk scenarios. Extending beyond existing work that identifies individual risk scenarios, we propose analysing global catastrophic risks along three dimensions: the critical systems affected, global spread mechanisms, and prevention and mitigation failures. The classification highlights areas of convergence between risk scenarios, which supports prioritisation of particula…
Exploring the spatialities of technological and user re-scripting: The case of decision support tools in UK agriculture
The use of decision support tools on-farm may help to deliver evidence-based guidance to farmers, helping to improve productivity and prevent environmental degradation. While much research has sought to increase the uptake of decision support tools in practice, largely by identifying desirable characteristics of system design, rather little work has used a spatial lens to investigate how they are actually used. Using Latour’s notion of ‘the scrip…
Policy windows for the environment: Tips for improving the uptake of scientific knowledge
Scientific knowledge is considered to be an important factor (alongside others) in environmental policy-making. However, the opportunity for environmentalists to influence policy can often occur within short, discrete time windows. Therefore, a piece of research may have a negligible or transformative policy influence depending on when it is presented. These ‘policy windows’ are sometimes predictable, such as those dealing with conventions or leg…
Languages Are Still a Major Barrier to Global Science
While it is recognized that language can pose a barrier to the transfer of scientific knowledge, the convergence on English as the global language of science may suggest that this problem has been resolved. However, our survey searching Google Scholar in 16 languages revealed that 35.6% of 75,513 scientific documents on biodiversity conservation published in 2014 were not in English. Ignoring such non-English knowledge can cause biases in our und…
Research priorities for managing the impacts and dependencies of business upon food, energy, water and the environment
Delivering access to sufficient food, energy and water resources to ensure human wellbeing is a major concern for governments worldwide. However, it is crucial to account for the 'nexus' of interactions between these natural resources and the consequent implications for human wellbeing. The private sector has a critical role in driving positive change towards more sustainable nexus management and could reap considerable benefits from collaboratio…
Managing Habitats for Conservation
The role of agri‐environment schemes in conservation and environmental management
Over half of the European landscape is under agricultural management and has been for millennia. Many species and ecosystems of conservation concern in Europe depend on agricultural management and are showing ongoing declines. Agri‐environment schemes (AES) are designed partly to address this. They are a major source of nature conservation funding within the European Union (EU) and the highest conservation expenditure in Europe. We reviewed the s…
EU agricultural reform fails on biodiversity
Extra steps by Member States are needed to protect farmed and grassland ecosystems
Solution Scanning as a Key Policy Tool: Identifying Management Interventions to Help Maintain and Enhance Regulating Ecosystem Services
Sutherland, W. J., T. Gardner, T. L. Bogich, R. B. Bradbury, B. Clothier, M. Jonsson, V. Kapos, S. N. Lane, I. Möller, M. Schroeder, M. Spalding, T. Spencer, P. C. L. White, and L. V. Dicks. 2014. Solution scanning as a key policy tool: identifying management interventions to help maintain and enhance regulating ecosystem services. Ecology and Society 19(2): 3. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-06082-190203
Classifying global catastrophic risks
We present a novel classification framework for severe global catastrophic risk scenarios. Extending beyond existing work that identifies individual risk scenarios, we propose analysing global catastrophic risks along three dimensions: the critical systems affected, global spread mechanisms, and prevention and mitigation failures. The classification highlights areas of convergence between risk scenarios, which supports prioritisation of particula…
Policy windows for the environment: Tips for improving the uptake of scientific knowledge
Scientific knowledge is considered to be an important factor (alongside others) in environmental policy-making. However, the opportunity for environmentalists to influence policy can often occur within short, discrete time windows. Therefore, a piece of research may have a negligible or transformative policy influence depending on when it is presented. These ‘policy windows’ are sometimes predictable, such as those dealing with conventions or leg…
Exploring the spatialities of technological and user re-scripting: The case of decision support tools in UK agriculture
The use of decision support tools on-farm may help to deliver evidence-based guidance to farmers, helping to improve productivity and prevent environmental degradation. While much research has sought to increase the uptake of decision support tools in practice, largely by identifying desirable characteristics of system design, rather little work has used a spatial lens to investigate how they are actually used. Using Latour’s notion of ‘the scrip…
Biodiversity’s contributions to sustainable development
Integrated farm management for sustainable agriculture: Lessons for knowledge exchange and policy
As a response to the environmentally and socially destructive practices of post-war mechanization and intensification, the concept of sustainable agriculture has become prominent in research, policy, and practice. Sustainable agriculture aims to balance the economic, environmental, and social aspects of farming, creating a resilient farming system in the long-term. Over the last few decades, various concepts have been used in research and policy …
Cross-discipline evidence principles for sustainability policy
Accumulating evidence using crowdsourcing and machine learning: A living bibliography about existential risk and global catastrophic risk
The study of existential risk — the risk of human extinction or the collapse of human civilization — has only recently emerged as an integrated field of research, and yet an overwhelming volume of relevant research has already been published. To provide an evidence base for policy and risk analysis, this research should be systematically reviewed. In a systematic review, one of many time-consuming tasks is to read the titles and abstracts of rese…
Research priorities for managing the impacts and dependencies of business upon food, energy, water and the environment
Delivering access to sufficient food, energy and water resources to ensure human wellbeing is a major concern for governments worldwide. However, it is crucial to account for the 'nexus' of interactions between these natural resources and the consequent implications for human wellbeing. The private sector has a critical role in driving positive change towards more sustainable nexus management and could reap considerable benefits from collaboratio…
Questions: Identifying research priorities for poverty prevention and reduction
Reducing poverty is important for those affected, for society and the economy. Poverty remains entrenched in the UK, despite considerable research efforts to understand its causes and possible solutions. The Joseph Rowntree Foundation, with the Centre for Science and Policy at the University of Cambridge, ran a democratic, transparent, consensual exercise involving 45 participants from government, non-governmental organisations, academia and rese…
Identifying opportunities to deliver effective and efficient outcomes from business-biodiversity action
Business-biodiversity action is increasingly seen as critical for delivering conservation goals, but such action needs to be effective. Using detailed semi-structured interviews with leading business-biodiversity professionals and consultants we aimed to understand the actions currently taken and why, how actions are decided upon, and current challenges that hinder effective, efficient action. The scale and type of action varied by sector, driven…
Evidence-Based Synopsis of Interventions, a New Tool in Primate Conservation and Research
Solution Scanning as a Key Policy Tool: Identifying Management Interventions to Help Maintain and Enhance Regulating Ecosystem Services
Sutherland, W. J., T. Gardner, T. L. Bogich, R. B. Bradbury, B. Clothier, M. Jonsson, V. Kapos, S. N. Lane, I. Möller, M. Schroeder, M. Spalding, T. Spencer, P. C. L. White, and L. V. Dicks. 2014. Solution scanning as a key policy tool: identifying management interventions to help maintain and enhance regulating ecosystem services. Ecology and Society 19(2): 3. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-06082-190203
Why Shade Coffee Does Not Guarantee Biodiversity Conservation
Tejeda-Cruz, C., E. Silva-Rivera, J. R. Barton and W. J. Sutherland. 2010. Why shade coffee does not guarantee biodiversity conservation. Ecology and Society 15(1): 13. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-02870-150113
Global Imperatives and Economic Reform in the Pacific Island States
Since the mid-1990s, a series of economic reform programmes has been underway in the Pacific Island states. This article links the origins, pace and scope of the reforms to the development of a regional reform agenda, the key site for which was the leading regional organization, the South Pacific Forum. The author details some of the measures and reforms undertaken, and argues that the fashioning and elaboration of the regional reform agenda was …
The Teaching of Geography
Decision and action in public life — skills needed for survival in a political jungle
The conservation handbook: Research, Management and Policy
Textbooks on the principles of conservation biology abound. Yet, how does one put this theoretical knowledge into practice? The aim of The Conservation Handbook is to provide clear guidance on the implementation of conservation techniques. The wide range of methods described include those for ecological research, monitoring, planning, education, habitat management and combining conservation with development. Nineteen case studies illustrate how t…
Global Imperatives and Economic Reform in the Pacific Island States
Since the mid-1990s, a series of economic reform programmes has been underway in the Pacific Island states. This article links the origins, pace and scope of the reforms to the development of a regional reform agenda, the key site for which was the leading regional organization, the South Pacific Forum. The author details some of the measures and reforms undertaken, and argues that the fashioning and elaboration of the regional reform agenda was …
How effective are European agri‐environment schemes in conserving and promoting biodiversity?
Increasing concern over the environmental impact of agriculture in Europe has led to the introduction of agri‐environment schemes. These schemes compensate farmers financially for any loss of income associated with measures that aim to benefit the environment or biodiversity. There are currently agri‐environment schemes in 26 out of 44 European countries. Agri‐environment schemes vary markedly between countries even within the European Union. The…
Biodiversity Conservation: Challenges Beyond 2010
Biodiversity Convention In October 2010, the Convention on Biological Diversity will meet to assess the current condition of global biodiversity and to propose and agree on priorities for its future conservation. In this context, Rands et al. (p. 1298 ; see the News Focus section ; see the cover) review recent patterns of biodiversity conservation, highlighting successes, as well as current and future threats. They argue that biodiversity should …
Why Shade Coffee Does Not Guarantee Biodiversity Conservation
Tejeda-Cruz, C., E. Silva-Rivera, J. R. Barton and W. J. Sutherland. 2010. Why shade coffee does not guarantee biodiversity conservation. Ecology and Society 15(1): 13. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-02870-150113
Understanding and managing conservation conflicts
Empirical Test of an Agricultural Landscape Model: The Importance of Farmer Preference for Risk Aversion and Crop Complexity
Developing models to predict the effects of social and economic change on agricultural landscapes is an important challenge. Model development often involves making decisions about which aspects of the system require detailed description and which are reasonably insensitive to the assumptions. However, important components of the system are often left out because parameter estimates are unavailable. In particular, measurements of the relative inf…
Questions: Identifying research priorities for poverty prevention and reduction
Reducing poverty is important for those affected, for society and the economy. Poverty remains entrenched in the UK, despite considerable research efforts to understand its causes and possible solutions. The Joseph Rowntree Foundation, with the Centre for Science and Policy at the University of Cambridge, ran a democratic, transparent, consensual exercise involving 45 participants from government, non-governmental organisations, academia and rese…
EU agricultural reform fails on biodiversity
Extra steps by Member States are needed to protect farmed and grassland ecosystems
Solution Scanning as a Key Policy Tool: Identifying Management Interventions to Help Maintain and Enhance Regulating Ecosystem Services
Sutherland, W. J., T. Gardner, T. L. Bogich, R. B. Bradbury, B. Clothier, M. Jonsson, V. Kapos, S. N. Lane, I. Möller, M. Schroeder, M. Spalding, T. Spencer, P. C. L. White, and L. V. Dicks. 2014. Solution scanning as a key policy tool: identifying management interventions to help maintain and enhance regulating ecosystem services. Ecology and Society 19(2): 3. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-06082-190203
Managing Habitats for Conservation
The role of agri‐environment schemes in conservation and environmental management
Over half of the European landscape is under agricultural management and has been for millennia. Many species and ecosystems of conservation concern in Europe depend on agricultural management and are showing ongoing declines. Agri‐environment schemes (AES) are designed partly to address this. They are a major source of nature conservation funding within the European Union (EU) and the highest conservation expenditure in Europe. We reviewed the s…
Languages Are Still a Major Barrier to Global Science
While it is recognized that language can pose a barrier to the transfer of scientific knowledge, the convergence on English as the global language of science may suggest that this problem has been resolved. However, our survey searching Google Scholar in 16 languages revealed that 35.6% of 75,513 scientific documents on biodiversity conservation published in 2014 were not in English. Ignoring such non-English knowledge can cause biases in our und…
Research priorities for managing the impacts and dependencies of business upon food, energy, water and the environment
Delivering access to sufficient food, energy and water resources to ensure human wellbeing is a major concern for governments worldwide. However, it is crucial to account for the 'nexus' of interactions between these natural resources and the consequent implications for human wellbeing. The private sector has a critical role in driving positive change towards more sustainable nexus management and could reap considerable benefits from collaboratio…
Policy windows for the environment: Tips for improving the uptake of scientific knowledge
Scientific knowledge is considered to be an important factor (alongside others) in environmental policy-making. However, the opportunity for environmentalists to influence policy can often occur within short, discrete time windows. Therefore, a piece of research may have a negligible or transformative policy influence depending on when it is presented. These ‘policy windows’ are sometimes predictable, such as those dealing with conventions or leg…
What Works in Conservation 2018
Amphibian Conservation
What are the best means of reducing illegal hunting of primates? Does changing the type of livestock benefit heathland vegetation? Does removing the upper layer of peat enhance peatland restoration? Is flame treatment effective for dealing with invasive floating pennywort? What Works in Conservation has been created to provide practitioners with answers to these and many other questions about practical conservation. This book provides an assessme…
Cross-discipline evidence principles for sustainability policy
Evidence-Based Synopsis of Interventions, a New Tool in Primate Conservation and Research
Classifying global catastrophic risks
We present a novel classification framework for severe global catastrophic risk scenarios. Extending beyond existing work that identifies individual risk scenarios, we propose analysing global catastrophic risks along three dimensions: the critical systems affected, global spread mechanisms, and prevention and mitigation failures. The classification highlights areas of convergence between risk scenarios, which supports prioritisation of particula…
Exploring the spatialities of technological and user re-scripting: The case of decision support tools in UK agriculture
The use of decision support tools on-farm may help to deliver evidence-based guidance to farmers, helping to improve productivity and prevent environmental degradation. While much research has sought to increase the uptake of decision support tools in practice, largely by identifying desirable characteristics of system design, rather little work has used a spatial lens to investigate how they are actually used. Using Latour’s notion of ‘the scrip…
What works in conservation: 2019
"Do wind turbine modifications reduce bat fatalities? Does adding topsoil increase the abundance of heathland plants? Are interventions to reduce road impacts on amphibians effective? Do herbicides control invasive parrot's feather? What Works in Conservation has been created to provide practitioners with answers to these and many other questions about practical conservation. This book provides an assessment of the effectiveness of 1389 conservat…
Amphibian Conservation
Geography (16 works) · Biology (15 works) · Business (14 works) · Ecology (14 works) · Environmental resource management (13 works) · Computer Science (12 works) · Economics (12 works) · Political science (11 works) · Environmental planning (10 works) · Environmental Science (10 works)