Leonardo Morlino
Biographic Data
| ID | 289435 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Leonardo Morlino |
| GIVEN NAMES | Leonardo |
| FAMILY NAME | Morlino |
| SIGNATURE | MORLINO L |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Florence |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3360-1091 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 61 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 756 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 59 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 2 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1973 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 12 |
Legitimación y democracia en el Sur de Europa
La consolidación de las nuevas democracias en el sur de Europa ha subrayado de nuevo la importancia de las cuestiones relativas a la legitimidad. Este artículo utiliza datos empíricos procedentes de una encuesta realizada en los cuatro países en 1985 por el Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas para analizar comparativamente algunas percepciones del pasado autoritario, los niveles de apoyos democráticos y los juicios sobre la eficacia de los gob…
Consolidación democrática. Definición, modelos, hipótesis
El concepto de consolidación democrática es definido y analizado, en referencia a los aspectos de transición, instauración, y persistencia en las dinámicas de la democracia, y comparadas con conceptos similares, como, estructuración, encapsulamiento e institucionalización. Se describen las diferentes formas y niveles de consolidación y se quedan identificadas las características empíricas comunes que han tenido lugar más frecuentemente en proceso…
The Wrecking of the Liberal World Order by Vittorio Emanuele Parsi. London: Palgrave MacMillan. 2021, 325p
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
The Sage Handbook of Political Science
Source Agritrop Cirad (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/603489/)
Ten years later
A decade ago, Regions & Cohesion started with an editorial article by Harlan Koff and Carmen Maganda, who proposed launching “a multilingual (English, French, and Spanish) and interdisciplinary forum for the discussion of the human and environmental impacts of regional integration as well as governance processes.”
Southern Europe and the Eurozone Crisis Negotiations: Preference Formation and Contested Issues
South European countries were severely hit by the eurozone crisis. Adopting the theoretical framework of prospect theory, this article conducts an empirical analysis of the interpretation of the situation by the South European political leaders in terms of gains and losses. After discussing the stances of South European countries vis-à-vis a number of contested issues which emerged during the 2010–2013 negotiations, the article goes on to provide…
The Impact of the Economic Crisis on South European Democracies
‘Good’ and ‘Bad’ Democracies: How to Conduct Research into the Quality of Democracy
The minimal definition of democracy suggests that a regime has at least universal, adult suffrage; recurring, free, competitive and fair elections; more than one political party; and more than one source of information. Delegative democracy, sometimes referred to as populist democracy, also falls well within the scope of this analysis, having overcome the necessary threshold. The institutions and mechanisms of representative democracies are the m…
What is the impact of the economic crisis on democracy? Evidence from Europe
There are already a number of good accounts of the impact of the recent 2008–2014 economic crisis on European democracies. However, no systematic assessments of how it has affected specific aspects of democracy have so far been carried out. We explore its impact on European democracies in several areas by adopting the ‘quality of democracy’ framework. Our analysis shows that the measures we employ capture the variation in quality during this ‘tro…
The Non-Procedural Determinants of Responsiveness
This article starts from the remarks by Peter Mair on the growing gap between responsiveness and responsibility – or middle-run responsiveness – and the declining capacity of parties to bridge that gap. It focuses on the empirical analysis of the association between economic and substantive democratic dimensions and responsiveness, which are highly relevant to the way in which parties compete and govern within contemporary democracies. Following …
Economic Crisis in a Stalemated Democracy: The Italian Case
In Southern Europe, the economic crisis (2008-2013) triggered a deeper political crisis, affecting a number of aspects of a representative democracy. Italy provides a particularly telling case of what happens when an economic crisis occurs in an unstable political context characterized by low government effectiveness, low efficiency, corruption, decline of electoral participation, fragmented and radicalized party competition, social inequality, h…
Dealing with the Legacy of Authoritarianism: The Politics of the Past in Southern European Democracies
1. Introduction: The Authoritarian Past and South European Democracies: An Introduction Antonio Costa Pinto 2. Transitional Justice and Memory: Exploring Perspectives Alexandra Barahona de Brito 3. Authoritarian Past and Democracy in Italy Marco Tarchi 4. Coping with the Double Legacy of Authoritarianism and Revolution in Portuguese Democracy Antonio Costa Pinto 5. Party Attitudes towards the Authoritarian Past in Spanish Democracy Carsten Humleb…
The impossible transition and the unstable new mix: Italy 1992–2012
Dealing with the Legacy of Authoritarianism: The Politics of the Past in Southern European Democracies
Changes for DemocracyActors, Structures, Processes
A review of the main theoretical findings in the literature on democratic changes prompts the author to propose an empirical definition of democracy, to discuss the main existing normative definitions and to suggest a new type of regime, the hybrid regime, which is also empirically analysed. The second and third parts of the book cover three geopolitical areas (Southern and Eastern Europe and Latin America) and present the main theoretical result…
International Encyclopedia of Political Science
The term cleavage identifies social and political divisions characterized by a close connection between individuals' positioning in the social stratification system, their beliefs and normative orientations, and their behavioral patterns. This close connection contributes to the resilience and stability of cleavages over time. In this entry, the constitutive elements of this concept are discussed and brought into a coherent overall framework that…
The Quality of democracy in Asia-Pacific: Issues and Findings
In the comparative research we present here as the introduction to a set of case studies, we first assess the quality of democratic procedures, content and outcomes in eight countries in the Asia-Pacific region on the basis of quantitative and qualitative data. Second, we investigate whether, to what extent, and how democratic qualities relate to one another. These investigations are carried out by applying an analytical framework that we develop…
Authoritarian Legacies, Politics of the Past and the Quality of Democracy in Southern Europe: Open Conclusions
In these concluding remarks on authoritarian legacies and related politics in Southern Europe the definitions and dimensions of authoritarian legacies and politics of the past conclusions are recalled; the legacies and politics of the past are related to democratic quality and the influence of the former on the latter is assessed; the contextual dimensions influencing and conditioning the authoritarian legacies and the politics of the past in eac…
Are there hybrid regimes? Or are they just an optical illusion
In recent years there has been growing interest and a related literature on hybrid regimes. Is there a good definition of such an institutional arrangement? Are there actually sets of stabilized, political institutions that can be labelled in this way? Is it possible that within the widespread process of democracy diffusion these are only ‘transitional’ regimes and the most suitable distinction is still the old one, suggested by Linz and traditio…
Legitimacy and the quality of democracy
This article discusses the connections between legitimacy and the quality of democracy. The multiple dimensions of the quality of democracy are presented and it is shown that legitimacy is at the core of the definition of responsiveness. Citizens' reactions to government policies are analysed. Also stressed are the limits and constraints of considering responsiveness only in relationship to citizens' attitudes towards government and institutions.…
Democracy and Changes: How Research Tails Reality
Do external factors facilitate or hamper domestic democratic development? Do international actors influence the development of greater civil and political freedom, democratic accountability, equality, responsiveness and the rule of law in domestic systems? How should we conceptualize, identify and evaluate the extent and nature of international influence? These are some of the complex questions that this volume approaches. Using new theoretical i…
Explicar La Calidad Democrática: Qué Tan Relevantes Son Las Tradiciones Autoritarias
Esta es una versión revisada de la lectura abierta dada por el autor el año 2004, enla conferencia de la sociedad italiana de ciencia política en padua. En la primerasección se discute la principal definición de democracia y calidad democrática,como estado de derecho, accountability electoral, accountability interinstitucional,responsiveness, libertad y equidad/solidaridad. En la segunda parte surge unapregunta clave: si nosotros quisiéramos expl…
What Changes in South European Parties? A Comparative Introduction
Party changes are a traditional topic of research and a major political issue within European democracies. Country-based studies and cross-national projects have explored the transformation of poli
Europeanisation and territorial representation in Italy
The article aims to examine how, and to what extent, the process of Europeanisation has affected the reshaping of territorial representation in Italy. To explore this research question, it was considered how European Cohesion Policy and structural funds exercise a potential influence over the key dimensions of representation by providing regions with the opportunity to strengthen their roles as both ‘actors’ and ‘arenas’ of representation. Empiri…
Assessing the Quality of Democracy
The latest volume in this popular series focuses on the best ways to evaluate and improve the quality of new democratic regimes. The essays in part one elaborate and refine several themes of democratic quality: the rule of law, accountability, freedom, equality, and responsiveness. The second part features six comparative cases, each of which applies these thematic elements to two neighboring countries: Brazil and Chile, South Africa and Ghana, I…
The Quality of Democracy: An Overview
As democracy has spread to a majority of the world’s states over the past three decades, many scholars, politicians, activists, and aid administrators have gone from asking why transitions happen to asking what the new regimes are like. This new approach focuses on what makes a democracy “good” or “better,” and on how improvements can not only be measured, but encouraged. While there is no absolutely objective way of laying out a single framework…
Crisis of Parties and Change of Party System in Italy
In the early 1990s, Italian democracy has entered a phase of farreaching change, particularly of parties and the party system. This article proposes an assessment of what has changed, and why, with specific reference to the most basic features of parties (electoral performance, name, symbol, splits and alliances) from a systemic perspective. Also, to check the depth of change, party organization, the emergence of new models of parties and the tur…
The membership of political parties in European democracies, 1960‐1990
Are there hybrid regimes? Or are they just an optical illusion
In recent years there has been growing interest and a related literature on hybrid regimes. Is there a good definition of such an institutional arrangement? Are there actually sets of stabilized, political institutions that can be labelled in this way? Is it possible that within the widespread process of democracy diffusion these are only ‘transitional’ regimes and the most suitable distinction is still the old one, suggested by Linz and traditio…
The dissatisfied society: The roots of political change in Italy
Since early 1990s in Italy there has been a major change in the party system. Some of the explanations that are often mentioned, such as corruption, the April 1993 referendum, the new electoral laws, or the secularization of the society and the economic crisis, are important aspects of a complex funnel of causality. Together, however, they do not satisfactorily explain the change. Thus, we identify an idiosyncratic factor, the chronic, widespread…
What is a ‘good’ democracy
This article introduces three different notions of quality grounded in procedure, content and result. Those three notions are at the core of three different notions of democratic quality. Each of them has different implications for empirical research. Starting from these premises, the article proposes some theoretical arguments fundamental to the analysis of democratic quality and good democracy. In the first section definitions of democracy and …
What is the impact of the economic crisis on democracy? Evidence from Europe
There are already a number of good accounts of the impact of the recent 2008–2014 economic crisis on European democracies. However, no systematic assessments of how it has affected specific aspects of democracy have so far been carried out. We explore its impact on European democracies in several areas by adopting the ‘quality of democracy’ framework. Our analysis shows that the measures we employ capture the variation in quality during this ‘tro…
What Changes in South European Parties? A Comparative Introduction
Party changes are a traditional topic of research and a major political issue within European democracies. Country-based studies and cross-national projects have explored the transformation of poli
Good’ and ‘bad’ democracies: How to conduct research into the quality of democracy
(2004). ‘Good’ and ‘bad’ democracies: how to conduct research into the quality of democracy. Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics: Vol. 20, The Quality of Democracy in Post-Communist Europe, pp. 5-27
The Quality of democracy in Asia-Pacific: Issues and Findings
In the comparative research we present here as the introduction to a set of case studies, we first assess the quality of democratic procedures, content and outcomes in eight countries in the Asia-Pacific region on the basis of quantitative and qualitative data. Second, we investigate whether, to what extent, and how democratic qualities relate to one another. These investigations are carried out by applying an analytical framework that we develop…
Legitimacy and the quality of democracy
This article discusses the connections between legitimacy and the quality of democracy. The multiple dimensions of the quality of democracy are presented and it is shown that legitimacy is at the core of the definition of responsiveness. Citizens' reactions to government policies are analysed. Also stressed are the limits and constraints of considering responsiveness only in relationship to citizens' attitudes towards government and institutions.…
Europeanisation and territorial representation in Italy
The article aims to examine how, and to what extent, the process of Europeanisation has affected the reshaping of territorial representation in Italy. To explore this research question, it was considered how European Cohesion Policy and structural funds exercise a potential influence over the key dimensions of representation by providing regions with the opportunity to strengthen their roles as both ‘actors’ and ‘arenas’ of representation. Empiri…
Consolidamento Democratico: Definizione E Modelli
IntroduzioneIl presente lavoro presenta, in maniera sintetica ed essenziale, un tema di ricerca e alcuni problemi ad esso connessi, la cui importanza è immediatamente evidente. Tra la metà degli anni settanta e l'inizio del decennio successivo si sono iniziati e, in parte o del tutto, conclusi, i processi di instaurazione democratica in paesi come il Portogallo, la Spagna e la Grecia nell'area mediterranea o come l'Argentina, il Brasile, l'Urugua…
The Non-Procedural Determinants of Responsiveness
This article starts from the remarks by Peter Mair on the growing gap between responsiveness and responsibility – or middle-run responsiveness – and the declining capacity of parties to bridge that gap. It focuses on the empirical analysis of the association between economic and substantive democratic dimensions and responsiveness, which are highly relevant to the way in which parties compete and govern within contemporary democracies. Following …
Etiology and Outcomes of Protest: New European Perspectives
Authoritarian Legacies, Politics of the Past and the Quality of Democracy in Southern Europe: Open Conclusions
In these concluding remarks on authoritarian legacies and related politics in Southern Europe the definitions and dimensions of authoritarian legacies and politics of the past conclusions are recalled; the legacies and politics of the past are related to democratic quality and the influence of the former on the latter is assessed; the contextual dimensions influencing and conditioning the authoritarian legacies and the politics of the past in eac…
Beyond Transitions: The Politics of Democratic Consolidation
Political science in Italy: Tradition and Empiricism
Legitimidad y democracia en el Sur de Europa
The consolidation of the new democracies in Southern Europe has brought about again the importance of legitimacy related issues. This article uses empirical data from a survey done by the Centro de Investigaciones Sociologicas, in 1985, in four Southern European countries, in order to do a comparative analysis of some perceptions of their authoritarian past, the existing levels of democratic support in each of them, and people’s assesments about …
Anchors and Democratic Change
Analyses of consolidation and internal crisis need to complement each other to better explain the change within a democracy. This article integrates, revises, and develops the results of the existing literature starting from the empirical results of a systematic, comparative empirical research on the Southern European countries. The main theoretical conclusion concerns the salience of the process of democratic anchoring, when consolidation is con…
The impossible transition and the unstable new mix: Italy 1992–2012
Democracy and Changes: How Research Tails Reality
Do external factors facilitate or hamper domestic democratic development? Do international actors influence the development of greater civil and political freedom, democratic accountability, equality, responsiveness and the rule of law in domestic systems? How should we conceptualize, identify and evaluate the extent and nature of international influence? These are some of the complex questions that this volume approaches. Using new theoretical i…
Explicar La Calidad Democrática: Qué Tan Relevantes Son Las Tradiciones Autoritarias
Esta es una versión revisada de la lectura abierta dada por el autor el año 2004, enla conferencia de la sociedad italiana de ciencia política en padua. En la primerasección se discute la principal definición de democracia y calidad democrática,como estado de derecho, accountability electoral, accountability interinstitucional,responsiveness, libertad y equidad/solidaridad. En la segunda parte surge unapregunta clave: si nosotros quisiéramos expl…
Southern Europe and the Eurozone Crisis Negotiations: Preference Formation and Contested Issues
South European countries were severely hit by the eurozone crisis. Adopting the theoretical framework of prospect theory, this article conducts an empirical analysis of the interpretation of the situation by the South European political leaders in terms of gains and losses. After discussing the stances of South European countries vis-à-vis a number of contested issues which emerged during the 2010–2013 negotiations, the article goes on to provide…
Consolidation and Party Government in Southern Europe
Among the essential conditions for a recently installed democ racy to survive are that it reduce to a minimum or absorb the inconsis tencies of the first moments of transition and that it affirm its solidity vis-à-vis possible threats, whatever their origin. At the center of this process a stable system of political intermediation, able to guarantee the governability of the country in question, must be generated. With these premises, the present …
Stabilità, Legittimità E Efficacia Decisionale Nei Sistemi Democratici
IntroduzioneLa stabilità dei sistemi politici, interesse di lunga data, è un tema che ha ricevuto grande attenzione soprattutto nell'ultimo ventennio. Secondo alcuni autori, ciò è dovuto a certe preoccupazioni tipiche della politica estera americana: si vede nella cronica instabilità dei paesi del terzo mondo un terreno assai fertile per la diffusione del comunismo e dell'area di influenza sovietica. Motivazioni dello stesso genere sono state add…
Misure Di Democrazia E Di Libertà: Discussione Di Alcune Analisi Empiriche
Introduzione Il dibattito sulle democrazie reali, cioè sui modi di realizzazione di sistemi politici detti ≪ democratici ≫, si è fissato soprattutto intorno a due ordini di problemi, spesso trattati congiuntamente. Da un lato, si sono cercate le condizioni culturali, sociali, economiche, o anche politiche, della genesi e della persistenza di un regime democratico. Dall'altro, si sono enucleati gli indicatori piú sicuri di tale regime, e poi gli i…
Categorie E Dimensioni Del Mutamento Politico
IntroduzioneChi cercasse una teoria generale dello sviluppo o del mutamento politico, nella vastissima letteratura sul tema, rimarrebbe deluso. Senza dubbio, numerosi e rilevanti tentativi sono stati fatti in questa direzione. In nessun caso, però, sono stati realizzati i requisiti minimi che contraddistinguono un paradigma; ma soprattutto non si è riusciti a formulare una teoria chiara, compiuta e ben articolata, anche se non condivisa da tutta …
Crisi E Mutamento Politico: Il Nuovo Contributo Teorico Di Almond
IntroduzionePiú di venti anni fa, Macridis e Cox nel rapporto finale su un seminario, tenutosi presso la Northwestern University, denunciavano senza mezzi termini l'arretratezza degli studi politici comparati e, piú in generale, della scienza politica come disciplina. Tutti, i partecipanti a quel seminario — da Macridis stesso a Beer, Eckstein, Deutsch e Ward, per citare solo alcuni tra i piú noti dei partecipanti — erano sostanzialmente concordi…
Un Manuale Di Scienza Politica
IntroduzioneManuale o handbook è una parola che suscita nelle scienze sociali molte speranze, illusioni e, spesso, notevoli delusioni. L'esigenza di disporre di manuali nasce dalla necessità di far riferimento a un sicuro, consolidato e coerente insieme di conoscenze da parte dei cultori di una materia. Scrivere un manuale significa, dunque, raccogliere, sistemare, rendere coerenti e, finalmente, presentare l'intero corpo teorico elaborato dalla …
La Crisi Della Democrazia
IntroduzioneLa crisi della democrazia è stata una realtà ben presente nel corso di questo secolo e studiata da storici, filosofi, politici, economisti, sociologi e, anche, politologi. Dati gli obiettivi del mio lavoro, questa non è la sede per una valutazione accurata e approfondita della letteratura sull'argomento. Quindi, accennerò solo che i primi e piú attenti analisti della crisi democratica sono stati gli storici delle democrazie europee de…
Dalla democrazia all'autoritarismo
Etiology and Outcomes of Protest: New European Perspectives
The changing relationship between parties and society in Italy
1984). The changing relationship between parties and society in Italy. West European Politics: Vol. 7, Party Politics in Contemporary Western Europe, pp. 46-66
Consolidamento Democratico: Alcune Ipotesi Esplicative
IntroduzioneIl consolidamento democratico è un processo di congelamento nei suoi caratteri essenziali, e di adattamento in quelli secondari, delle strutture e norme del regime democratico; è, inoltre, un processo di progressivo ampliamento della legittimazione del regime. La prima dimensione riguarda il periodo successivo all'instaurazione, e si può considerare conclusa — in caso di consolidamento — dopo circa dieci-dodici anni dall'inizio dell'i…
Consolidamento Democratico: Definizione E Modelli
IntroduzioneIl presente lavoro presenta, in maniera sintetica ed essenziale, un tema di ricerca e alcuni problemi ad esso connessi, la cui importanza è immediatamente evidente. Tra la metà degli anni settanta e l'inizio del decennio successivo si sono iniziati e, in parte o del tutto, conclusi, i processi di instaurazione democratica in paesi come il Portogallo, la Spagna e la Grecia nell'area mediterranea o come l'Argentina, il Brasile, l'Urugua…
Consolidación democrática. Definición, modelos, hipótesis
El concepto de consolidacion democratica es definido y analizado, en referencia a los aspectos de transicion, instauracion, y persistencia en las dinamicas de la democracia, y comparadas con conceptos similares, como, estructuracion, encapsulamiento e institucionalizacion. Se describen las diferentes formas y niveles de consolidacion y se quedan identificadas las caracteristicas empiricas comunes que han tenido lugar mas frecuentemente en proceso…
Problemi E Scelte Nella Comparazione. Introduzione
IntroduzionePrimo esempio: negli ultimi quindici anni la democrazia sembra essersi affermata in diverse aree del mondo, dal Sud Europa all'America Latina, all'Est Europa; ma quali democrazie si sono realmente affermate e come spiegare complessivamente questo fenomeno?Secondo esempio: durante il 1989 e gran parte dell'anno successivo vi sono state le trasformazioni dei regimi non democratici in Europa Orientale; quali profondi cambiamenti politici…
La Scienza Politica Italiana: Tradizione E Realtà
IntroduzioneAll'indomani del secondo conflitto mondiale Leoni fissa i connotati essenziali di una scienza politica da rifondare insieme alla democrazia in Italia (Leoni 1949-50 e 1980). Dopo quasi venti anni, Sartori ritiene che «la scienza politica italiana è semplicemente in fase di parto» (Sartori 1967, 699). Che cosa si può dire dopo piò di quaranta anni? Le domande a cui rispondere per disegnare un quadro della disciplina all'inizio degli an…
Political science in Italy: Tradition and Empiricism
The membership of political parties in European democracies, 1960‐1990
Legitimidad y democracia en el Sur de Europa
The consolidation of the new democracies in Southern Europe has brought about again the importance of legitimacy related issues. This article uses empirical data from a survey done by the Centro de Investigaciones Sociologicas, in 1985, in four Southern European countries, in order to do a comparative analysis of some perceptions of their authoritarian past, the existing levels of democratic support in each of them, and people’s assesments about …
Legittimità, Consolidamento E Crisi Nell'europa Meridionale
IntroduzioneNei primi anni novanta gli effetti politici della crisi economica si fanno sentire in tutti i paesi occidentali, e soprattutto in quelli caratterizzati da economie più deboli, come i paesi del Sud Europa. Crescono gli atteggiamenti di critica e protesta, e in questo senso diminuisce la legittimità governativa. Tutto ciò si manifesta in Grecia, innanzi tutto, con la sconfitta del governo conservatore nelle elezioni dell'ottobre 1993, i…
Discutiendo La Teoría Sistémica De La Política
Consolidation and Party Government in Southern Europe
Among the essential conditions for a recently installed democ racy to survive are that it reduce to a minimum or absorb the inconsis tencies of the first moments of transition and that it affirm its solidity vis-à-vis possible threats, whatever their origin. At the center of this process a stable system of political intermediation, able to guarantee the governability of the country in question, must be generated. With these premises, the present …
Italy's civic divide
Italy's Civic Divide Leonardo Morlino (bio) Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. By Robert D. Putnam, with Robert Leonardi and Raffaella Y. Nanetti. Princeton University Press, 1993. 258 pp. Making Democracy Work is that rare work of social science which is both important and almost instantly successful. Launched by an enthusiastic review in The Economist and quickly brought out in an Italian translation by a major publisher, …
Democratic consolidation and convergence in Southern Europe: The Italian case
In the analysis of democratic consolidation(s) in Southern Europe the emphasis has been on three main factors: the relevance of institutional rules, the scope and activities of parties (and party elites), and the establishment of certain relationships between institutions, parties and interests, connected to the size of the public sector of the economy. From the varied combinations of these factors different consolidations result: an elite‐based …
Crisis of Parties and Change of Party System in Italy
In the early 1990s, Italian democracy has entered a phase of farreaching change, particularly of parties and the party system. This article proposes an assessment of what has changed, and why, with specific reference to the most basic features of parties (electoral performance, name, symbol, splits and alliances) from a systemic perspective. Also, to check the depth of change, party organization, the emergence of new models of parties and the tur…
The dissatisfied society: The roots of political change in Italy
Since early 1990s in Italy there has been a major change in the party system. Some of the explanations that are often mentioned, such as corruption, the April 1993 referendum, the new electoral laws, or the secularization of the society and the economic crisis, are important aspects of a complex funnel of causality. Together, however, they do not satisfactorily explain the change. Thus, we identify an idiosyncratic factor, the chronic, widespread…
Is There an Impact? And Where is It? Electoral Reform and the Party System in Italy
This article analyzes the impact of a mixed electoral system on the party system in the Italian case. A review of the two main qualitative dimensions, time and actors, suggests that the electoral reform of 1993 had no impact on party fragmentation and entailed a weak tendency toward electoral – not party – bipolarization. The real consequences are more complex and ambiguous. The actual impact is the following: new electoral rules bring about anti…
Political science (54 works) · Law (35 works) · Politics (35 works) · Democracy (26 works) · Law (26 works) · Sociology (25 works) · Economics (24 works) · Political economy (24 works) · Humanities (20 works) · Philosophy (19 works)