Peter Weatherburn
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 291517 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Peter Weatherburn |
| NOMBRES | Peter |
| APELLIDO | Weatherburn |
| FIRMA | WEATHERBURN P |
| AFILIACIONES | London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4950-6163 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 50 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 86 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 50 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1990 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Needs & networks
Our proposed categorisation may facilitate the development of differentiated person-centred HIVST programmes. HIVST implementers should carefully consider individuals' unmet testing needs and perceived levels of social support, and design context-specific HIVST strategies that link people lacking supportive social networks to comprehensive HIV care
Determinants of HIV Testing Among Migrant Men Who Have Sex With Men from Sub-Saharan Africa and Other Regions Residing in 10 European Countries
Migrant men who have sex with men (mMSM) from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and other regions outside Europe are highly vulnerable to HIV. However, research on the determinants of HIV testing among mMSM from SSA, and how these differ across the categories of mMSM living in Europe, is limited. Using data from the European MSM Internet Survey (EMIS-2017), we assessed HIV testing prevalence and recency in mMSM from SSA and other mMSM residing in ten Euro…
Experiences of and attitudes towards HIV testing for Asian, Black and Latin American men who have sex with men (MSM) in the SELPHI (HIV Self‐Testing Public Health Intervention) randomized controlled t…
SELPHI was prospectively registered with the ISRCTN (ref: ISRCTN 20312003 )
Structural stigma and sexual minority men’s depression and suicidality
Sexual minority men are at greater risk of depression and suicidality than heterosexuals. Stigma, the most frequently hypothesized risk factor for this disparity, operates across socioecological levels-structural (e.g., laws), interpersonal (e.g., discrimination), and individual (e.g., self-stigma). Although the literature on stigma and mental health has focused on interpersonal and individual forms of stigma, emerging research has shown that str…
Interventions to address loneliness and social isolation in young people
Experiences and challenges in sexual health service access among men who have sex with men in Kenya
Men who have sex with men (MSM) in Kenya bear a heavy burden of HIV/STIs and are a priority population in the national HIV/AIDS response, yet remain criminalised and stigmatised within society. HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) offers an opportunity to significantly impact the HIV epidemic, as does the concept of U = U, whereby those who are living with HIV and on treatment are uninfectious when their viral load has been suppressed so as to be …
The Long and Winding Road
We describe a pilot project designed to assess the feasibility of re-use across 12 diverse qualitative datasets related to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in the UK, from research projects undertaken between 1997 and 2013 - an approach which is chronically underused. First, we consider the sweeping biomedical changes and imperatives relating to HIV in this time frame, offering a rationale for data re-use at this point in the epidemic. We then …
Sexual and Mental Health Inequalities across Gender Identity and Sex-Assigned-at-Birth among Men-Who-Have-Sex-with-Men in Europe
Some men who have sex with men (MSM) were assigned female at birth (AFB) and/or identify as trans men. Little is known about how these men differ from other MSM. We compared sexual and mental health indicators from the European MSM Internet Survey (EMIS-2017), comparing men AFB and/or currently identifying as trans men with those assigned male at birth (AMB) who identified as men. EMIS-2017 was an opportunistic 33-language online sexual health su…
Exploring Mechanisms of Action
SELPHI involves two interventions: (A) It provides one HIV self-testing (HIVST) kit; (B) It offers 3-monthly repeat HIVST kits if participants report ongoing risk. A logic model underpinned by the Behaviour Change Wheel informed the design of the intervention. SELPHI recruited 10,135 cis-men and trans people in England and Wales, all reporting anal sex with a man. This paper explores how the interventions were experienced and the pathways to impa…
A qualitative study of attitudes towards, typologies, and drivers of concurrent partnerships among people of black Caribbean ethnicity in England and their implications for STI prevention
Concurrency among black Caribbeans is shaped by a complex interaction between emotional/psychological, interpersonal, sociocultural, and structural factors. Concurrency type, its duration, and awareness influence sexual health choices, and thus STI risk in this population. Collecting these data during clinic consultations could facilitate offering partner notification methods tailored to concurrency type. Gender- and age-specific, culturally-sens…
Acceptability and potential impact of delivering sexual health promotion information through social media and dating apps to MSM in England
Overall, these findings support the development of new interventions that use dating apps and social media for sexual health promotion
European Men-Who-Have-Sex-With-Men Internet Survey (Emis-2017)
Men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM) carry a disproportionate burden of sexually transmitted infections across Europe. Health planners require sexual health needs assessment data to respond appropriately. In addition, surveillance of risk and precaution behaviours in this population enables evaluative judgements of policy responses. The European MSM Internet Survey (EMIS-2017) aimed to repeat the pan-European online survey on male homosexual behaviour…
Typology of drug use in United Kingdom men who have sex with men and associations with socio-sexual characteristics
Substance use among men who have sex with men
OBJECTIVES: In this narrative review we illustrate the patterns of substance use among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (MSM), including comparisons with heterosexual populations, subgroup analyses and settings of substance use. We also consider explanations and motivations for substance use and the impact of use on sexual health as well as wider health and well-being. Finally, we consider the implications for the provision of MS…
Motivations and values associated with combining sex and illicit drugs (‘chemsex’) among gay men in South London
OBJECTIVES: There is considerable public health concern about the combining of sex and illicit drugs (chemsex) among gay men. With a view to inform supportive therapeutic and clinical interventions, we sought to examine the motivations for engaging in chemsex among gay men living in South London. METHODS: Community advertising recruited 30 gay men for qualitative semi-structured interview. Aged between 21 and 53 years, all lived in South London i…
Risk, reassurance and routine
HIVST following risk events will likely be limited to those for whom existing service provision is insufficient to meet immediate needs based on structural or personal barriers to testing. Obligations of biological citizenship are central to MSM's understanding of the utility of HIVST. Secondly, HIVST is useful in complying with social norms and meeting the perceived demands of biomedicine
Structural Validation and Multiple Group Assessment of the Short Internalized Homonegativity Scale in Homosexual and Bisexual Men in 38 European Countries
Internalized homonegativity (IH) is the internalization of negative attitudes and assumptions about homosexual people by homosexual people themselves. To measure IH, Smolenski, Diamond, Ross, and Rosser (2010) and Ross, Rosser, and Smolenski (2010) revised the Reactions to Homosexuality Scale (RHS) to develop the Short Internalized Homonegativity Scale (SIHS) with eight items. Using the European Men Who Have Sex With Men Internet Survey (EMIS) da…
The Geography of Sexual Orientation
Illicit drug use among gay and bisexual men in 44 cities
Social norms related to combining drugs and sex (“chemsex”) among gay men in South London
Predictors of crystal methamphetamine use in a community-based sample of UK men who have sex with men
Background. Crystal methamphetamine ('crystal meth') use by men who have sex with men is an ongoing public health issue in the UK. We conducted a descriptive epidemiological study to characterise demographic and socio-sexual risk factors for crystal meth use in a national sample of UK MSM recruited in late 2014
Non-condom related strategies to reduce the risk of HIV transmission
Gay men with diagnosed HIV can adopt a number of strategies to reduce the risk of transmitting HIV to others, although research has typically focussed on condom use. Interviews with 42 HIV-positive gay men who reported recent engagement in anal intercourse without condoms explored their awareness of sexual risk and their perceptions of non-condom-related strategies to reduce it. In articulating men's ambivalence for strategies that can only reduc…
Hidden from health
OBJECTIVE: Substantial country-level variation exists in prejudiced attitudes towards male homosexuality and in the extent to which countries promote the unequal treatment of MSM through discriminatory laws. The impact and underlying mechanisms of country-level stigma on odds of diagnosed HIV, sexual opportunities, and experience of HIV-prevention services, needs and behaviours have rarely been examined, however. DESIGN: Data come from the Europe…
Illicit drug use in sexual settings (‘chemsex’) and HIV/STI transmission risk behaviour among gay men in South London
BACKGROUND: 'Chemsex' is a colloquial term used in the UK that describes sex under the influence of psychoactive substances (typically crystal methamphetamine, mephedrone and gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB)/gamma-butyrolactone (GBL)). Recently, concern has been raised as to the impact of such behaviour on HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) transmission risk behaviour, which this qualitative study aimed to explore via semistructured intervie…
Transactional Sex
Objectives: Transactional sex (TS) is generally defined as the trading of sex for material goods. Cast within the broader context of prostitution laws, we examined variations in the sociodemographic profile of men who have sex with men engaging in TS by payment direction (buying/selling). Methods: The data were collected as part of the 38-country European Men who have sex with men Internet Survey project, conducted in 2010. Results: About 12% of …
Structural and environmental factors are associated with internalised homonegativity in men who have sex with men
Internalised homonegativity refers to a gay person's negative feelings about homosexuality and is believed to stem from negative societal stereotypes and attitudes towards homosexuality. Surprisingly, little research has centred on this link. In this research, we aimed to examine the associations between internalised homonegativity and structural forces, cultural influence, and access to sexual health promotion measures among a sample of 144,177 …
The Geography of Sexual Orientation
Gay men as victims of nonconsensual sex
Structural Validation and Multiple Group Assessment of the Short Internalized Homonegativity Scale in Homosexual and Bisexual Men in 38 European Countries
Internalized homonegativity (IH) is the internalization of negative attitudes and assumptions about homosexual people by homosexual people themselves. To measure IH, Smolenski, Diamond, Ross, and Rosser (2010) and Ross, Rosser, and Smolenski (2010) revised the Reactions to Homosexuality Scale (RHS) to develop the Short Internalized Homonegativity Scale (SIHS) with eight items. Using the European Men Who Have Sex With Men Internet Survey (EMIS) da…
The European Men-Who-Have-Sex-With-Men Internet Survey (Emis)
Community-based opportunistic self-completion surveying for sexual health programming is common among men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM) in Europe, being used to generate evidence of unmet prevention need, for behavioural surveillance and as a platform for advocating HIV precautions. However, comparing survey findings across Europe is difficult because of varying measures and recruitment designs, and surveying has not occurred in all countries. EMIS…
European Men-Who-Have-Sex-With-Men Internet Survey (Emis-2017)
Men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM) carry a disproportionate burden of sexually transmitted infections across Europe. Health planners require sexual health needs assessment data to respond appropriately. In addition, surveillance of risk and precaution behaviours in this population enables evaluative judgements of policy responses. The European MSM Internet Survey (EMIS-2017) aimed to repeat the pan-European online survey on male homosexual behaviour…
The structure of sexual behaviour
In a National study of gay men’s sexual behaviour in the context of HIV transmission, a schema was evolved for encoding and reporting the structure of sexual activity: the Sexual Behaviour Code (SBC). It has linguistic properties, is easily learned and employed, and generalizes easily to heterosexual behaviour. Each sexual session (sentence) comprises a sequence of sexual acts (words), which in turn consists of a sexual behaviour (root), the moda…
Non-condom related strategies to reduce the risk of HIV transmission
Gay men with diagnosed HIV can adopt a number of strategies to reduce the risk of transmitting HIV to others, although research has typically focussed on condom use. Interviews with 42 HIV-positive gay men who reported recent engagement in anal intercourse without condoms explored their awareness of sexual risk and their perceptions of non-condom-related strategies to reduce it. In articulating men's ambivalence for strategies that can only reduc…
Research Note
Project SIGMA's research on gay men's sexual behaviour and Aids and HIV infection has posed complex ethnographic and methodological problems which have required unorthodox and innovative strategies for their solution. Three main problem areas included: value-conflict between interviewer/HIV tester roles; Issues concerning data confidentiality and legal interference, and the elicitation of detailed sexual behaviour. The procedures developed have c…
The Long and Winding Road
We describe a pilot project designed to assess the feasibility of re-use across 12 diverse qualitative datasets related to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in the UK, from research projects undertaken between 1997 and 2013 - an approach which is chronically underused. First, we consider the sweeping biomedical changes and imperatives relating to HIV in this time frame, offering a rationale for data re-use at this point in the epidemic. We then …
Surveys and Data Sources on Gay Men’s Lifestyles and Socio-Sexual Behavior
HIV Testing and HIV Serostatus-Specific Sexual Risk Behaviour Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Living in England and Recruited Through the Internet in 2001 and 2008
Using data from two large internet-recruited surveys in England in 2001 and 2008, we examine HIV status-specific patterns of unprotected anal intercourse (UAI). In adjusted comparisons between our 2008 and 2001 samples, there was evidence of a greater proportion of men living with diagnosed HIV, a reduction in sexual partners and in UAI with partners of unknown HIV status among men not tested HIV positive, increases in anal intercourse and UAI am…
Heterosexual behaviour in a large cohort of homosexully active men in England and Wales
This paper seeks to outline the range and type of heterosexual behaviour in a large non-clinic cohort of homosexually active males. A cohort of 930 homosexually active men were interviewed as part of a prospective study of the seroprevalence of HIV. The paper indicates that over 60% of these men have had at least one sexual experience with a female and that about 90% of these males have engaged in vaginal intercourse with a female. Twelve per cen…
Condom use in a large cohort of homosexually active men in England and wales
As part of a prospective study of the seroprevalence of HIV, a cohort of 930 men were interviewed regarding their condom use. Of the 270 respondents that engaged in insertive anal intercourse in the month preceding interview 38.9% always used a condom, 49.6% never used one, and 11.5% sometimes used one. Of the 254 respondents that engaged in receptive anal intercourse in the same time period 42.5% always used a condom, 45.7% never used one, and 1…
The sexual behaviour of young gay men in England and Wales
Much research has concluded that young gay men are at disproportionately higher risk of HIV infection through unsafe sexual behaviour. This paper is the first report on this particular group in the UK. As part of a larger cohort study, 111 young (less than 21) gay and bisexual men were interviewed about their sexual behaviour, knowledge of AIDS and HIV, particularly safer sexual practices and other factors. Three per cent had not had sex and 13% …
Maintenance of open gay relationships
The role of sexual exclusivity (monogamy) in relation to HIV, and the use of rule making in non-exclusive (open) relationships, are discussed. Data from interviews with 387 homosexually active men are presented. The most common sexual/relational configuration amongst these men is that of open relationships. Sexual non-exclusivity was found to be associated with longer relationships, and a greater age difference between partners. The strategies so…
The structure of sexual behaviour
In a National study of gay men’s sexual behaviour in the context of HIV transmission, a schema was evolved for encoding and reporting the structure of sexual activity: the Sexual Behaviour Code (SBC). It has linguistic properties, is easily learned and employed, and generalizes easily to heterosexual behaviour. Each sexual session (sentence) comprises a sequence of sexual acts (words), which in turn consists of a sexual behaviour (root), the moda…
Changes in condom use by gay men
Cross sectional and longitudinal data on condom use among homosexually active men is presented. Data pertain to two waves of interviewing (1987/8 and 1991) from Project SIGMA, a large longitudinal study of male homosexual behaviour in the light of HIV. Aggregate changes across the time-period indicate an increase in condom use for both insertive and receptive anal intercourse, particularly with casual partners. Condom use is still much more preva…
Research Note
Project SIGMA's research on gay men's sexual behaviour and Aids and HIV infection has posed complex ethnographic and methodological problems which have required unorthodox and innovative strategies for their solution. Three main problem areas included: value-conflict between interviewer/HIV tester roles; Issues concerning data confidentiality and legal interference, and the elicitation of detailed sexual behaviour. The procedures developed have c…
Gay men as victims of nonconsensual sex
Sexual HIV risk behaviour among men who have sex with both men and women
The aim of this study was to describe the sexual behaviour of men who had sex with both men and women in the preceding five years (behaviourally bisexual men), specifically to examine their needs in relation to HIV prevention. Anonymous telephone interviews were carried out with respondents recruited though advertisements in UK newspapers and magazines with (sexual) 'personal' or 'contact' sections. Data are reported from 745 respondents. Respond…
Addressing gay men's use of methamphetamine and other substances
Gay men's use of methamphetamine has aroused great anxiety. In some countries such as the USA and Australia as many as 40% of gay men use this drug, while use is lower in others such as the UK. However, across all these countries gay men's use of other substances such as alcohol, poppers and cannabis surpasses that of methamphetamine. Recent evidence from case-crossover studies suggests that use of not only methamphetamine but also of alcohol, ca…
Surveys and Data Sources on Gay Men’s Lifestyles and Socio-Sexual Behavior
Illicit drug use among men who have sex with men in England and Wales
This article aims to examine patterns of and concerns about drug use among a convenience sample of MSM in 2005, and compare the prevalence of illicit drug use among 1999 and 2005 samples of MSM in England and Wales. It draws on data from cross-sectional surveys of MSM in gay community venues and services across England and Wales, 2480 in 1999 and 3913 in 2005. We report that in 2005, cocaine, cannabis and alkyl nitrites were the drugs most common…
Methamphetamine use among gay men across the UK
Prevalence of HIV among MSM in Europe
Comparison of diagnosed HIV prevalence as measured in EMIS with pre-existing estimates based on biological measurements using varied sampling frames (e.g. Respondent Driven Sampling, Time and Location Sampling) demonstrates a high correlation and suggests similar selection biases from both types of studies. For comparison with modelled estimates the self-selection bias of the Internet survey with increased participation of men diagnosed with HIV …
Problems with sex among gay and bisexual men with diagnosed HIV in the United Kingdom
The findings indicate a need for the maintenance and expansion of services to meet the significant needs of people with diagnosed HIV, especially as these intersect with their ability to negotiate sex that is satisfying
HIV Testing and HIV Serostatus-Specific Sexual Risk Behaviour Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Living in England and Recruited Through the Internet in 2001 and 2008
Using data from two large internet-recruited surveys in England in 2001 and 2008, we examine HIV status-specific patterns of unprotected anal intercourse (UAI). In adjusted comparisons between our 2008 and 2001 samples, there was evidence of a greater proportion of men living with diagnosed HIV, a reduction in sexual partners and in UAI with partners of unknown HIV status among men not tested HIV positive, increases in anal intercourse and UAI am…
Structural and environmental factors are associated with internalised homonegativity in men who have sex with men
Internalised homonegativity refers to a gay person's negative feelings about homosexuality and is believed to stem from negative societal stereotypes and attitudes towards homosexuality. Surprisingly, little research has centred on this link. In this research, we aimed to examine the associations between internalised homonegativity and structural forces, cultural influence, and access to sexual health promotion measures among a sample of 144,177 …
Age biases in a large HIV and sexual behaviour-related internet survey among MSM
Internet samples are biased towards a lower median age because younger men are over-represented on MSM dating websites and therefore may be more likely to be recruited into surveys. Men diagnosed with HIV were over-represented in the internet survey, and increasingly so in the older age groups. A similar effect was observed in the age groups younger than 25 years. Self-reported peak prevalence and peak HIV diagnoses rates are often shifted to hig…
Estimating the size of the MSM populations for 38 European countries by calculating the survey-surveillance discrepancies (SSD) between self-reported new HIV diagnoses from the European MSM internet s…
Npop and HIVpop were unreliably low for several countries. We discuss and identify possible measurement errors for countries with calculated MSM population sizes above 3% and below 1% of the adult male population. In most cases the number of new HIV diagnoses in MSM in the surveillance system appears too low. In some cases, measurement errors may be due to small EMIS sample sizes. It must be assumed that the SSD is modified by country-specific fa…
What constitutes the best sex life for gay and bisexual men? Implications for HIV prevention
Attending to what men value or aspire to can help ensure interventions are engaging and meaningful to the target population. HIV prevention interventions need to attend to the broad range of sexual desires held by gay and bisexual men in delivery of holistic sexual health promotion that can help them to have the best sex with the least harm
The European Men-Who-Have-Sex-With-Men Internet Survey (Emis)
Community-based opportunistic self-completion surveying for sexual health programming is common among men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM) in Europe, being used to generate evidence of unmet prevention need, for behavioural surveillance and as a platform for advocating HIV precautions. However, comparing survey findings across Europe is difficult because of varying measures and recruitment designs, and surveying has not occurred in all countries. EMIS…
An exploratory review of HIV prevention mass media campaigns targeting men who have sex with men
Campaigns aim to provide MSM with information to help prevent transmission of HIV and to address increasing motivation and changing norms towards precautionary behaviours. However, the limitations of mass media in imparting skills in effecting behaviour change should be recognised, and campaigns supplemented by additional components may be better-suited to achieving these goals
Hidden from health
OBJECTIVE: Substantial country-level variation exists in prejudiced attitudes towards male homosexuality and in the extent to which countries promote the unequal treatment of MSM through discriminatory laws. The impact and underlying mechanisms of country-level stigma on odds of diagnosed HIV, sexual opportunities, and experience of HIV-prevention services, needs and behaviours have rarely been examined, however. DESIGN: Data come from the Europe…
Illicit drug use in sexual settings (‘chemsex’) and HIV/STI transmission risk behaviour among gay men in South London
BACKGROUND: 'Chemsex' is a colloquial term used in the UK that describes sex under the influence of psychoactive substances (typically crystal methamphetamine, mephedrone and gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB)/gamma-butyrolactone (GBL)). Recently, concern has been raised as to the impact of such behaviour on HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) transmission risk behaviour, which this qualitative study aimed to explore via semistructured intervie…
Transactional Sex
Objectives: Transactional sex (TS) is generally defined as the trading of sex for material goods. Cast within the broader context of prostitution laws, we examined variations in the sociodemographic profile of men who have sex with men engaging in TS by payment direction (buying/selling). Methods: The data were collected as part of the 38-country European Men who have sex with men Internet Survey project, conducted in 2010. Results: About 12% of …
Medicine (45 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (40 obras) · Psychology (32 obras) · Men who have sex with men (31 obras) · Family medicine (29 obras) · HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk (29 obras) · Demography (25 obras) · Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV (24 obras) · Population (22 obras) · Sociology (22 obras)