John O’neil
Biographic Data
| ID | 2917846 |
|---|---|
| NAME | John O’neil |
| GIVEN NAMES | John |
| FAMILY NAME | O’neil |
| SIGNATURE | O’NEIL J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Manitoba |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6370-4564 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 33 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 202 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 33 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1971 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Advancing equitable access to digital mental health in the Asia-Pacific region in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic and beyond: A modified Delphi consensus study
The COVID-19 pandemic had an unprecedented impact on global mental health and well-being, including across the Asia-Pacific. Efforts to mitigate virus spread led to far-reaching disruption in the delivery of health and social services. In response, there was a rapid shift to the use of digital mental health (DMH) approaches. Though these technologies helped to improve access to care for many, there was also substantial risk of access barriers lea…
Applying a Critical Policy Lens to Contracting in Indigenous Mental Health: An Ethnographic Study with Urban Indigenous Providers
This article reports on the findings of a larger study that explored urban Indigenous providers' experiences with contracting in mental health and addictions care. The study was undertaken with seven Indigenous and one non-Indigenous non-profit organizations based in diverse large and mid-size cities (off reserve) in British Columbia, Canada. Indigenous and critical theoretical perspectives provided the lens for this ethnographic inquiry. In-dept…
Gender differences among Indigenous Canadians experiencing homelessness and mental illness
This trial has been registered with the International Standard Randomized Control Trial Number Register and assigned ISRCTN42520374 ; ISRCTN57595077 ; ISRCTN66721740
Hospitalization for mental health related ambulatory care sensitive conditions: What are the trends for First Nations in British Columbia
This study suggests that despite reduced rates of hospitalization for mental-health related Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions over time for First Nations, gaps in mental health care still exist. We argue greater investments in primary mental health care are needed to support First Nations health. However, these efforts should place equal importance on prevention and the social determinants of health
Negotiating barriers, navigating the maze: First Nation peoples' experience of medical relocation
This study documents the policy framework that shapes First Nations' experience of relocating to access medical care. We analyzed policy documents and government websites, interviewed individuals who have experienced relocation, family members, healthcare providers, health administrators, and conducted two focus groups with government representatives. Federal and provincial program managers interpret policies, make decisions on eligibility, to ex…
'Trying to make it all come together': Structuration and employed mothers' experience of family food provisioning in Canada
This research examined the aetiology of employed mothers' food choice and food provisioning decisions using a qualitative, grounded theory methodology. Semi-structured interviews using the Food Choice Map were conducted with eleven middle-income employed mothers of elementary school-age children. Results demonstrated that the women exhibited conflicting identities with respect to food choice and provisioning. As 'good mothers' they were the prima…
Increasing access and ownership of clinical services at an HIV prevention project for sex workers in Mysore, India
Increasing sex workers' (SWs) access to and utilisation of health care services is a key part of HIV prevention. An HIV prevention project in Mysore, India, has been particularly successful in fostering a new norm of health care seeking among local SWs while facilitating community ownership of health care delivery. This paper describes how the use of occupational health ideologies, along with the creation of enabling environments, facilitated the…
Closing the health equity gap: Evidence-based strategies for primary health care organizations
These evidence- and theoretically-informed key dimensions and strategies provide direction for PHC organizations aiming to redress the increasing levels of health and health care inequities across population groups. The findings provide a framework for conceptualizing and operationalizing the essential elements of equity-oriented PHC services when working with marginalized populations, and will have broad application to a wide range of settings, …
Confronting structural violence in sex work: Lessons from a community-led HIV prevention project in Mysore, India
Evidence from community-led HIV prevention projects suggests that structural interventions may result in reduced rates of HIV and STIs. The complex relationship between empowerment and confronting stigma, discrimination and physical abuse necessitates further investigation into the impact that such interventions have on the personal risks for sex workers. This article aims to describe lived experiences of members from a sex worker's collective in…
Access to Primary Care From the Perspective of Aboriginal Patients at an Urban Emergency Department
In this article, we discuss findings from an ethnographic study in which we explored experiences of access to primary care services from the perspective of Aboriginal people seeking care at an emergency department (ED) located in a large Canadian city. Data were collected over 20 months of immersion in the ED, and included participant observation and in-depth interviews with 44 patients triaged as stable and nonurgent, most of whom were living in…
Have investments in on-reserve health services and initiatives promoting community control improved First Nations' health in Manitoba
The growing Canadian energy gap: More the can than the couch
Objective The present study describes the trajectory of the energy gap (energy imbalance) in the Canadian population from 1976 to 2003, its temporal relationship to adult obesity, and estimates the relative contribution of energy availability and expenditure to the energy gap. It also assesses which foods contributed the most to changes in available energy over the study period. Design Annual estimates of the energy gap were derived by subtractin…
Use of Rapid Ethnographic Methodology to Develop a Village-Level Rapid Assessment Tool Predictive of HIV Infection in Rural India
In rural India, with hundreds of thousands of villages, a priority from a programmatic perspective is to efficiently determine which villages are at highest risk of HIV/AIDS transmission. The authors first report on the use of a rapid ethnographic approach in 10 rural villages of Karnataka, India, to develop a domains and indicators framework of village-level HIV/AIDS risk and a subsequent rapid assessment tool. They then analyze the rapid ethnog…
Best practices in intercultural health: Five case studies in Latin America
The practice of integrating western and traditional indigenous medicine is fast becoming an accepted and more widely used approach in health care systems throughout the world. However, debates about intercultural health approaches have raised significant concerns. This paper reports findings of five case studies on intercultural health in Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, and Suriname. It presents summary information on each case study, compar…
The role of collectives in STI and HIV/Aids prevention among female sex workers in Karnataka, India
This paper evaluates the role of female sex worker (FSW) collectives in the state of Karnataka, India, regarding their facilitating effect in increasing knowledge and promoting change towards safer sexual behaviour. In 2002 a state-wide survey of FSWs was administered to a stratified sample of 1,512 women. Following the survey, a collectivization index was developed to measure the degree of involvement of FSWs in collective-related activities. Th…
Social Capital and Youth Suicide Risk Factors in First Nations Communities
Building a Health Research Relationship Between First Nations and the University in Manitoba
Coping with stress among Aboriginal women and men with diabetes in Winnipeg, Canada
An examination of stress among Aboriginal women and men with diabetes in Manitoba, Canada
In this study, a series of focus groups were conducted to gain an understanding of the nature of stress among Canadian Aboriginal women and men living with diabetes. Specifically, attention was given to the meanings Aboriginal peoples with diabetes attach to their lived experiences of stress, and the major sources or causes of stress in their lives. The key common themes identified are concerned not only with health-related issues (i.e. physical …
Dhandha, dharma and disease: Traditional sex work and HIV/Aids in rural India
Plasma phospholipid fatty acids in the central Canadian Arctic: Biocultural explanations for ethnic differences
Plasma phospholipid fatty acids in the central Canadian Arctic: Biocultural explanations for ethnic differences
As part of the Keewatin Health Assessment Study, a comprehensive health interview and examination survey of Inuit and non-Inuit in the central Canadian Arctic during 1990-91, plasma samples were analyzed for phospholipid fatty acid composition. Compared to non-Inuit, the Inuit have reduced levels of dihomo-gamma-linoleic (DGLA) and arachidonic acid (ratios of 0.41 and 0.46) and the sum of all n-6 fatty acids (ratio of 0.65), but increased level o…
The social construction of childhood asthma: Changing explanations of the relationship between socioeconomic status and asthma
Hospitalization rates among children with asthma have been rising and are increasingly attributed to the effects of low socioeconomic status in epidemiologic research. A positivist viewpoint would assume that the relationship between socioeconomic status and asthma outcomes has always existed, but a postmodernist would argue that epidemiologic studies characterize populations by selecting discrete ‘risk factors’ for analysis and that these charac…
Changing the Relations of Surveillance: The Development of a Discourse of Resistance in Aboriginal Epidemiology
This article will describe an evolving relationship between a university-based research group and a regional First Nations political organization. In 1995, the Canadian government proposed to develop a National Longitudinal Aboriginal Health Survey. The authors have been involved in shaping this initiative, representing different perspectives in ensuring that First Nations' priorities are central to the process. Issues that have arisen include th…
Four Irniktakpunga! Sex Determination and the Inuit Struggle for Birthing Rights in Northern Canada
Access to Primary Care From the Perspective of Aboriginal Patients at an Urban Emergency Department
In this article, we discuss findings from an ethnographic study in which we explored experiences of access to primary care services from the perspective of Aboriginal people seeking care at an emergency department (ED) located in a large Canadian city. Data were collected over 20 months of immersion in the ED, and included participant observation and in-depth interviews with 44 patients triaged as stable and nonurgent, most of whom were living in…
Coping with stress among Aboriginal women and men with diabetes in Winnipeg, Canada
The Cultural and Political Context of Patient Dissatisfaction in Cross-Cultural Clinical Encounters: A Canadian Inuit Study
In 1986 patient dissatisfaction with medical services in some Canadian Inuit communities reached alarming proportions. Many observers attributed the problem to poor communication. Through an analysis of the process of interpretation in the clinic from a historical and sociopolitical perspective, I investigated the relationship between patient satisfaction and clinical communication. Political and ideological barriers inherent in a colonial medica…
Dhandha, dharma and disease: Traditional sex work and HIV/Aids in rural India
Best practices in intercultural health: Five case studies in Latin America
The practice of integrating western and traditional indigenous medicine is fast becoming an accepted and more widely used approach in health care systems throughout the world. However, debates about intercultural health approaches have raised significant concerns. This paper reports findings of five case studies on intercultural health in Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, and Suriname. It presents summary information on each case study, compar…
Cooptation and Control: The Reconstruction of Inuit Birth
In this article we explore the implications for obstetric policies and practice of methods of recording, retrieving, and evaluating information. More particularly, we are concerned with the use of obstetrical records as a means of communication and surveillance, but also as a source of statistics. Perinatal mortality rates have assumed the status of ritualistic formulae cited in defense of any challenge to the medicalization of childbirth. As ill…
Cardiovascular diseases in a Canadian Arctic population
OBJECTIVES. The purpose of this study was to review cardiovascular mortality, morbidity, and risk factors in the multiethnic population of the Northwest Territories, Canada. METHODS. We analyzed death certificates and hospital records, and used a community health and examination survey. RESULTS. The age-standardized mortality rate for ischemic heart disease (but not for other heart diseases or stroke) among the Northwest Territories population wa…
Have investments in on-reserve health services and initiatives promoting community control improved First Nations' health in Manitoba
Social Capital and Youth Suicide Risk Factors in First Nations Communities
An examination of stress among Aboriginal women and men with diabetes in Manitoba, Canada
In this study, a series of focus groups were conducted to gain an understanding of the nature of stress among Canadian Aboriginal women and men living with diabetes. Specifically, attention was given to the meanings Aboriginal peoples with diabetes attach to their lived experiences of stress, and the major sources or causes of stress in their lives. The key common themes identified are concerned not only with health-related issues (i.e. physical …
Negotiating barriers, navigating the maze: First Nation peoples' experience of medical relocation
This study documents the policy framework that shapes First Nations' experience of relocating to access medical care. We analyzed policy documents and government websites, interviewed individuals who have experienced relocation, family members, healthcare providers, health administrators, and conducted two focus groups with government representatives. Federal and provincial program managers interpret policies, make decisions on eligibility, to ex…
Use of Rapid Ethnographic Methodology to Develop a Village-Level Rapid Assessment Tool Predictive of HIV Infection in Rural India
In rural India, with hundreds of thousands of villages, a priority from a programmatic perspective is to efficiently determine which villages are at highest risk of HIV/AIDS transmission. The authors first report on the use of a rapid ethnographic approach in 10 rural villages of Karnataka, India, to develop a domains and indicators framework of village-level HIV/AIDS risk and a subsequent rapid assessment tool. They then analyze the rapid ethnog…
Building a Health Research Relationship Between First Nations and the University in Manitoba
The use of "trouble case" examples in teaching the impact of sociocultural and political factors in clinical communication
(1984). The use of “trouble case” examples in teaching the impact of sociocultural and political factors in clinical communication. Medical Anthropology: Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 36-45
Excessive burden of end-state renal disease among Canadian Indians: A national survey
Analysis of data from the Canadian National Renal Failure Register indicates that Canadian Natives are at much higher risk for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) than the Canadian population in general. Using two population estimates for the total Native population, the age-standardized incidence rate of newly registered ESRD cases between 1981 and 1986 among Natives was at least 2.5 times (and may be as high as four times) the national rate. Natives…
The Longer View: Essays Toward a Critique of Political Economy
The use of "trouble case" examples in teaching the impact of sociocultural and political factors in clinical communication
(1984). The use of “trouble case” examples in teaching the impact of sociocultural and political factors in clinical communication. Medical Anthropology: Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 36-45
The Politics of Health in the Fourth World: A Northern Canadian Example
This paper describes the major structural and historical dimensions of health ideology and praxis in the Canadian Arctic. It examines the problems that occur when primary care services exclude their clients from meaningful involvement in planning and administration. It argues that the structure of health services in northern Canada reflects an internal colonial political economy which is characteristic of most Fourth World situations
Excessive burden of end-state renal disease among Canadian Indians: A national survey
Analysis of data from the Canadian National Renal Failure Register indicates that Canadian Natives are at much higher risk for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) than the Canadian population in general. Using two population estimates for the total Native population, the age-standardized incidence rate of newly registered ESRD cases between 1981 and 1986 among Natives was at least 2.5 times (and may be as high as four times) the national rate. Natives…
The Cultural and Political Context of Patient Dissatisfaction in Cross-Cultural Clinical Encounters: A Canadian Inuit Study
In 1986 patient dissatisfaction with medical services in some Canadian Inuit communities reached alarming proportions. Many observers attributed the problem to poor communication. Through an analysis of the process of interpretation in the clinic from a historical and sociopolitical perspective, I investigated the relationship between patient satisfaction and clinical communication. Political and ideological barriers inherent in a colonial medica…
Cooptation and Control: The Reconstruction of Inuit Birth
In this article we explore the implications for obstetric policies and practice of methods of recording, retrieving, and evaluating information. More particularly, we are concerned with the use of obstetrical records as a means of communication and surveillance, but also as a source of statistics. Perinatal mortality rates have assumed the status of ritualistic formulae cited in defense of any challenge to the medicalization of childbirth. As ill…
Cardiovascular diseases in a Canadian Arctic population
OBJECTIVES. The purpose of this study was to review cardiovascular mortality, morbidity, and risk factors in the multiethnic population of the Northwest Territories, Canada. METHODS. We analyzed death certificates and hospital records, and used a community health and examination survey. RESULTS. The age-standardized mortality rate for ischemic heart disease (but not for other heart diseases or stroke) among the Northwest Territories population wa…
Plasma lipids in two indigenous Arctic populations with low risk for cardiovascular diseases
The distribution of plasma lipids and their sociodemographic and metabolic correlates were investigated in two Arctic indigenous populations based on two health surveys conducted during 1990–1991 among adults in eight Inuit communities in the Keewatin region of the Northwest Territories, Canada (n = 387), and in four communities in the Chukotka region in the Russian Far North (n = 362). For comparison, data from the Canadian Heart Health Survey w…
Four Irniktakpunga! Sex Determination and the Inuit Struggle for Birthing Rights in Northern Canada
Changing the Relations of Surveillance: The Development of a Discourse of Resistance in Aboriginal Epidemiology
This article will describe an evolving relationship between a university-based research group and a regional First Nations political organization. In 1995, the Canadian government proposed to develop a National Longitudinal Aboriginal Health Survey. The authors have been involved in shaping this initiative, representing different perspectives in ensuring that First Nations' priorities are central to the process. Issues that have arisen include th…
Plasma phospholipid fatty acids in the central Canadian Arctic: Biocultural explanations for ethnic differences
Plasma phospholipid fatty acids in the central Canadian Arctic: Biocultural explanations for ethnic differences
As part of the Keewatin Health Assessment Study, a comprehensive health interview and examination survey of Inuit and non-Inuit in the central Canadian Arctic during 1990-91, plasma samples were analyzed for phospholipid fatty acid composition. Compared to non-Inuit, the Inuit have reduced levels of dihomo-gamma-linoleic (DGLA) and arachidonic acid (ratios of 0.41 and 0.46) and the sum of all n-6 fatty acids (ratio of 0.65), but increased level o…
The social construction of childhood asthma: Changing explanations of the relationship between socioeconomic status and asthma
Hospitalization rates among children with asthma have been rising and are increasingly attributed to the effects of low socioeconomic status in epidemiologic research. A positivist viewpoint would assume that the relationship between socioeconomic status and asthma outcomes has always existed, but a postmodernist would argue that epidemiologic studies characterize populations by selecting discrete ‘risk factors’ for analysis and that these charac…
An examination of stress among Aboriginal women and men with diabetes in Manitoba, Canada
In this study, a series of focus groups were conducted to gain an understanding of the nature of stress among Canadian Aboriginal women and men living with diabetes. Specifically, attention was given to the meanings Aboriginal peoples with diabetes attach to their lived experiences of stress, and the major sources or causes of stress in their lives. The key common themes identified are concerned not only with health-related issues (i.e. physical …
Dhandha, dharma and disease: Traditional sex work and HIV/Aids in rural India
Social Capital and Youth Suicide Risk Factors in First Nations Communities
Building a Health Research Relationship Between First Nations and the University in Manitoba
Coping with stress among Aboriginal women and men with diabetes in Winnipeg, Canada
The role of collectives in STI and HIV/Aids prevention among female sex workers in Karnataka, India
This paper evaluates the role of female sex worker (FSW) collectives in the state of Karnataka, India, regarding their facilitating effect in increasing knowledge and promoting change towards safer sexual behaviour. In 2002 a state-wide survey of FSWs was administered to a stratified sample of 1,512 women. Following the survey, a collectivization index was developed to measure the degree of involvement of FSWs in collective-related activities. Th…
Best practices in intercultural health: Five case studies in Latin America
The practice of integrating western and traditional indigenous medicine is fast becoming an accepted and more widely used approach in health care systems throughout the world. However, debates about intercultural health approaches have raised significant concerns. This paper reports findings of five case studies on intercultural health in Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, and Suriname. It presents summary information on each case study, compar…
The growing Canadian energy gap: More the can than the couch
Objective The present study describes the trajectory of the energy gap (energy imbalance) in the Canadian population from 1976 to 2003, its temporal relationship to adult obesity, and estimates the relative contribution of energy availability and expenditure to the energy gap. It also assesses which foods contributed the most to changes in available energy over the study period. Design Annual estimates of the energy gap were derived by subtractin…
Use of Rapid Ethnographic Methodology to Develop a Village-Level Rapid Assessment Tool Predictive of HIV Infection in Rural India
In rural India, with hundreds of thousands of villages, a priority from a programmatic perspective is to efficiently determine which villages are at highest risk of HIV/AIDS transmission. The authors first report on the use of a rapid ethnographic approach in 10 rural villages of Karnataka, India, to develop a domains and indicators framework of village-level HIV/AIDS risk and a subsequent rapid assessment tool. They then analyze the rapid ethnog…
Have investments in on-reserve health services and initiatives promoting community control improved First Nations' health in Manitoba
Confronting structural violence in sex work: Lessons from a community-led HIV prevention project in Mysore, India
Evidence from community-led HIV prevention projects suggests that structural interventions may result in reduced rates of HIV and STIs. The complex relationship between empowerment and confronting stigma, discrimination and physical abuse necessitates further investigation into the impact that such interventions have on the personal risks for sex workers. This article aims to describe lived experiences of members from a sex worker's collective in…
Access to Primary Care From the Perspective of Aboriginal Patients at an Urban Emergency Department
In this article, we discuss findings from an ethnographic study in which we explored experiences of access to primary care services from the perspective of Aboriginal people seeking care at an emergency department (ED) located in a large Canadian city. Data were collected over 20 months of immersion in the ED, and included participant observation and in-depth interviews with 44 patients triaged as stable and nonurgent, most of whom were living in…
Medicine (24 works) · Sociology (22 works) · Political science (18 works) · Environmental health (13 works) · Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights (13 works) · Psychology (11 works) · Economic growth (10 works) · Nursing (10 works) · Demography (9 works) · Public relations (9 works)