Rollin F Tusalem
Biographic Data
| ID | 3071661 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Rollin F Tusalem |
| GIVEN NAMES | Rollin F |
| FAMILY NAME | Tusalem |
| SIGNATURE | TUSALEM R F |
| AFFILIATIONS | Arkansas State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2029-941X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 20 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 123 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 20 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2007 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Citizen Perceptions of Crime and Their Effect on Support for Illiberal Democratic Rule
In developing countries, perceptions of crime and actual crime victimization have been linked to less public support for democratic regimes. In countries with weak democratic institutions and limited horizontal accountability, populist presidents can exploit this situation by promoting vertical accountability. This vulnerability of democratic institutions arises because some citizens perceive strong-arm rule as a solution to the perceived increas…
Bringing the Legislature Back In: Examining the Structural Effects of National Legislatures on Effective Democratic Governance
Extant research in comparative politics has examined the role of institutional frameworks such as constitutional design, the nature of the electoral systems, parliamentarism and federalism on the quality of governance. Understanding variations on effective democratic governance has assumed a state-centric approach that has largely neglected how strong legislatures can drastically affect political outcomes. This study finds empirical evidence that…
Does gendered representation in national legislatures promote substantive representation and human development? Evidence from the developing world
Despite the increase in the share of women in national legislatures in the developing world, scholars are still debating if gender‐diversified legislatures promote women‐friendly policies or negate women's empowerment attributed to intersectional demands, the absence of a critical mass, and continued gendered patriarchy. Previous studies also lack generalizability as they are based on single‐country studies or cross‐national research with samples…
Gendered Governance: Examining the Relationship between Women Legislators and Effective Public Goods Provision from a Global Sample
In the past two decades, women achieved significant gains in national legislatures by advocating for improvements in healthcare, welfare programs, and the promotion of civil rights. However, extant studies also find that women’s increased representation in national legislatures have led to symbolic tokenism without any substantive gains in terms of policy outputs, signifying their continued marginalization. Utilizing a global sample, this panel s…
Imperial Manila: How institutions and political geography disadvantage Philippine provinces
Critics of Philippine democracy have pointed out that the unitary system employed since the country became a sovereign state in 1946 led to the prolonged underdevelopment of sub-national regions (provinces). Hence, policy makers have put forward the argument that a shift to a Federal system is necessary because of the imperial Manila syndrome. This is the notion that political, economic, and social underdevelopment is more prevalent the farther a…
Do migrant remittances improve the quality of government? Evidence from the Philippines
Migrant remittances have been linked to improving the quality of government and political accountability in the developing world. The argument is that migrants have the capacity to withhold remittances to their families when they deem that their local governments are blighted with corruption and bureaucratic inefficiency. Relatedly, migrants also empower citizens in sub-national regions by providing funds to family members who become less beholde…
Examining the Determinants of Extra-Judicial Killings in the Philippines at the Subnational Level: The Role of Penal Populism and Vertical Accountability
The Effect of Historical Pact Making and Civic Associations on Democratic Outcomes
Scholarship in comparative democratization finds that dialogue between the opposition and the old regime before the advent of democratic elections has consistently produced stable democracies least susceptible to reversals. This is because such “pacted” transitions promote values such as conciliation, compromise building, and consensus seeking. Yet the debate concerning how historical pact making affects the quality of democracy remains mainly an…
The Colonial Foundations of State Fragility and Failure
The presence of failed states in the international system has increased, especially after the end of the cold war. Recent research demonstrates that state fragility and failure are strongly influenced by regime type, political instability, and economic growth. But these studies do not highlight the possibility that state fragility/failure is a function of historical path dependency. To address its prevalence and persistence in the modern world, w…
Political and economic accountability in a delegative democracy
Recently, economic accountability theory as a means by which to hold political leaders accountable in the industrialized world has been generalized in transitional democracies. The theory advances how mass publics in young democracies evaluate and assess the performance of chief executives based on sociotropic or pocketbook economic evaluations and the occurrence of pivotal political events. The study finds that self-placement on poverty among Fi…
The Varieties of Religious Repression: Why Governments Restrict Religion
The collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War ushered in the importance of religious cleavages in several societies in the developing world. As religion replaced ideological divisions in facilitating interstate conflict and political instability, governments increasingly repressed religious movements. There is a paucity of contemporary empirical work that examines why and how states repress the mobilization, activism, and proselyti…
State Regulation of Religion and the Quality of Governance
The effect of state regulation of religion on governance has been explored theoretically by scholars, but it has not been tested empirically across nation states. The theory posits that secular states are more likely to benefit from better governance because of the absence of clerical involvement in politics, paving the way for the expansion of civil society and the passage of progressive political, economic, and social reforms. Using a unique da…
Ethnic Minority Governments, Democracy, and Human Rights
This study investigates empirically whether or not the presence of minority governments is more likely to induce the erosion of democracy. This is in light of how extant research in comparative democratization has focused on the deleterious effect of ethnic fractionalization on democratic survival. However, more recent work that re‐examined the ethnic heterogeneity and democratic collapse nexus finds mostly null effects. This article shows that e…
The impact of diamonds on economic growth, adverse regime change, and democratic state-building in Africa
Recent studies point to how resources such as diamonds have funded insurgency movements and how their geographic presence can foment the incidence but not necessarily the onset of civil wars. Such empirical studies are based on global models; however, we believe regional effects may be present. In order to address this, we disaggregate the empirical findings based on Africa as a region. By estimating a panel study of African states, we discover t…
Bringing the military back in: The politicisation of the military and its effect on democratic consolidation
Empirical research has shown how the role of institutions, civic culture, ethnic fractionalisation, the political economy, and demographic factors affect the stability of democracies, but none has explored the role of the military as an institution that can drastically influence the process of democratic consolidation. This led many scholars to notice how the study of comparative democratisation has been state-centric, but it has largely neglecte…
The Effect of Political Dynasties on Effective Democratic Governance: Evidence From the Philippines
What is the effect of political dynasties on effective governance? To determine whether dynastic presence has a positive or detrimental effect on good governance, we examined the Philippine House of Representatives, an institution where more than 60% of its members have been dominated by such clans since the restoration of democracy in 1987. Specifically, we test whether provinces dominated by such established families are more likely to bring hi…
Determinants of Coup d’État Events 1970—90: The Role of Property Rights Protection
Existing research on the political-economic determinants of coup d’état events has not explored the role of property rights protection in decreasing the likelihood of their global and regional incidence. Case studies confirm that the military institutions of the developing world began to represent elite class values that reacted adversely to state attempts at the redistribution of wealth and the expropriation of property after the 1970s. Thus far…
The Role of Protestantism in Democratic Consolidation Among Transitional States
Previous studies have examined the causal link between Protestantism and democratization, primarily in shaping a nation-state's cultural ethos and its tendency to affect the outcome of democratic politics. Historically, Protestantism has also been linked to generating a political culture that promotes individualism, tolerance, the pluralism of ideas, and civic associationalism. Recent empirical evidence also shows how Protestant countries are mor…
Partisanship and Democratization
How do attachments to political parties among the mass publics of East Asia affect the process of democratization in the region? Analyses of the East Asia Barometer surveys reveal that partisanship motivates East Asians to endorse the democratic performance of their political system and embrace democracy as the best possible system of government. These findings accord, by and large, with the socialization, cognitive dissonance, and rational choic…
A Boon or a Bane? The Role of Civil Society in Third- and Fourth-Wave Democracies
Since Putnam published Making Democracy Work, his seminal work on the effect of civic associationalism in promoting better institutional performance, many other studies have confirmed the deleterious effects of civil society in promoting democratic breakdown and malperformance. To solve the empirical puzzle as to whether civil society is a bane or boon for democracies, this article examines the effect of the pre-transitional strength and post-tra…
A Boon or a Bane? The Role of Civil Society in Third- and Fourth-Wave Democracies
Since Putnam published Making Democracy Work, his seminal work on the effect of civic associationalism in promoting better institutional performance, many other studies have confirmed the deleterious effects of civil society in promoting democratic breakdown and malperformance. To solve the empirical puzzle as to whether civil society is a bane or boon for democracies, this article examines the effect of the pre-transitional strength and post-tra…
The Effect of Political Dynasties on Effective Democratic Governance: Evidence From the Philippines
What is the effect of political dynasties on effective governance? To determine whether dynastic presence has a positive or detrimental effect on good governance, we examined the Philippine House of Representatives, an institution where more than 60% of its members have been dominated by such clans since the restoration of democracy in 1987. Specifically, we test whether provinces dominated by such established families are more likely to bring hi…
The Role of Protestantism in Democratic Consolidation Among Transitional States
Previous studies have examined the causal link between Protestantism and democratization, primarily in shaping a nation-state's cultural ethos and its tendency to affect the outcome of democratic politics. Historically, Protestantism has also been linked to generating a political culture that promotes individualism, tolerance, the pluralism of ideas, and civic associationalism. Recent empirical evidence also shows how Protestant countries are mor…
Bringing the military back in: The politicisation of the military and its effect on democratic consolidation
Empirical research has shown how the role of institutions, civic culture, ethnic fractionalisation, the political economy, and demographic factors affect the stability of democracies, but none has explored the role of the military as an institution that can drastically influence the process of democratic consolidation. This led many scholars to notice how the study of comparative democratisation has been state-centric, but it has largely neglecte…
Determinants of Coup d’État Events 1970—90: The Role of Property Rights Protection
Existing research on the political-economic determinants of coup d’état events has not explored the role of property rights protection in decreasing the likelihood of their global and regional incidence. Case studies confirm that the military institutions of the developing world began to represent elite class values that reacted adversely to state attempts at the redistribution of wealth and the expropriation of property after the 1970s. Thus far…
Examining the Determinants of Extra-Judicial Killings in the Philippines at the Subnational Level: The Role of Penal Populism and Vertical Accountability
The Colonial Foundations of State Fragility and Failure
The presence of failed states in the international system has increased, especially after the end of the cold war. Recent research demonstrates that state fragility and failure are strongly influenced by regime type, political instability, and economic growth. But these studies do not highlight the possibility that state fragility/failure is a function of historical path dependency. To address its prevalence and persistence in the modern world, w…
State Regulation of Religion and the Quality of Governance
The effect of state regulation of religion on governance has been explored theoretically by scholars, but it has not been tested empirically across nation states. The theory posits that secular states are more likely to benefit from better governance because of the absence of clerical involvement in politics, paving the way for the expansion of civil society and the passage of progressive political, economic, and social reforms. Using a unique da…
The impact of diamonds on economic growth, adverse regime change, and democratic state-building in Africa
Recent studies point to how resources such as diamonds have funded insurgency movements and how their geographic presence can foment the incidence but not necessarily the onset of civil wars. Such empirical studies are based on global models; however, we believe regional effects may be present. In order to address this, we disaggregate the empirical findings based on Africa as a region. By estimating a panel study of African states, we discover t…
Imperial Manila: How institutions and political geography disadvantage Philippine provinces
Critics of Philippine democracy have pointed out that the unitary system employed since the country became a sovereign state in 1946 led to the prolonged underdevelopment of sub-national regions (provinces). Hence, policy makers have put forward the argument that a shift to a Federal system is necessary because of the imperial Manila syndrome. This is the notion that political, economic, and social underdevelopment is more prevalent the farther a…
Political and economic accountability in a delegative democracy
Recently, economic accountability theory as a means by which to hold political leaders accountable in the industrialized world has been generalized in transitional democracies. The theory advances how mass publics in young democracies evaluate and assess the performance of chief executives based on sociotropic or pocketbook economic evaluations and the occurrence of pivotal political events. The study finds that self-placement on poverty among Fi…
Bringing the Legislature Back In: Examining the Structural Effects of National Legislatures on Effective Democratic Governance
Extant research in comparative politics has examined the role of institutional frameworks such as constitutional design, the nature of the electoral systems, parliamentarism and federalism on the quality of governance. Understanding variations on effective democratic governance has assumed a state-centric approach that has largely neglected how strong legislatures can drastically affect political outcomes. This study finds empirical evidence that…
Gendered Governance: Examining the Relationship between Women Legislators and Effective Public Goods Provision from a Global Sample
In the past two decades, women achieved significant gains in national legislatures by advocating for improvements in healthcare, welfare programs, and the promotion of civil rights. However, extant studies also find that women’s increased representation in national legislatures have led to symbolic tokenism without any substantive gains in terms of policy outputs, signifying their continued marginalization. Utilizing a global sample, this panel s…
Does gendered representation in national legislatures promote substantive representation and human development? Evidence from the developing world
Despite the increase in the share of women in national legislatures in the developing world, scholars are still debating if gender‐diversified legislatures promote women‐friendly policies or negate women's empowerment attributed to intersectional demands, the absence of a critical mass, and continued gendered patriarchy. Previous studies also lack generalizability as they are based on single‐country studies or cross‐national research with samples…
Do migrant remittances improve the quality of government? Evidence from the Philippines
Migrant remittances have been linked to improving the quality of government and political accountability in the developing world. The argument is that migrants have the capacity to withhold remittances to their families when they deem that their local governments are blighted with corruption and bureaucratic inefficiency. Relatedly, migrants also empower citizens in sub-national regions by providing funds to family members who become less beholde…
Partisanship and Democratization
How do attachments to political parties among the mass publics of East Asia affect the process of democratization in the region? Analyses of the East Asia Barometer surveys reveal that partisanship motivates East Asians to endorse the democratic performance of their political system and embrace democracy as the best possible system of government. These findings accord, by and large, with the socialization, cognitive dissonance, and rational choic…
Partisanship and Democratization
How do attachments to political parties among the mass publics of East Asia affect the process of democratization in the region? Analyses of the East Asia Barometer surveys reveal that partisanship motivates East Asians to endorse the democratic performance of their political system and embrace democracy as the best possible system of government. These findings accord, by and large, with the socialization, cognitive dissonance, and rational choic…
A Boon or a Bane? The Role of Civil Society in Third- and Fourth-Wave Democracies
Since Putnam published Making Democracy Work, his seminal work on the effect of civic associationalism in promoting better institutional performance, many other studies have confirmed the deleterious effects of civil society in promoting democratic breakdown and malperformance. To solve the empirical puzzle as to whether civil society is a bane or boon for democracies, this article examines the effect of the pre-transitional strength and post-tra…
The Role of Protestantism in Democratic Consolidation Among Transitional States
Previous studies have examined the causal link between Protestantism and democratization, primarily in shaping a nation-state's cultural ethos and its tendency to affect the outcome of democratic politics. Historically, Protestantism has also been linked to generating a political culture that promotes individualism, tolerance, the pluralism of ideas, and civic associationalism. Recent empirical evidence also shows how Protestant countries are mor…
Determinants of Coup d’État Events 1970—90: The Role of Property Rights Protection
Existing research on the political-economic determinants of coup d’état events has not explored the role of property rights protection in decreasing the likelihood of their global and regional incidence. Case studies confirm that the military institutions of the developing world began to represent elite class values that reacted adversely to state attempts at the redistribution of wealth and the expropriation of property after the 1970s. Thus far…
The Effect of Political Dynasties on Effective Democratic Governance: Evidence From the Philippines
What is the effect of political dynasties on effective governance? To determine whether dynastic presence has a positive or detrimental effect on good governance, we examined the Philippine House of Representatives, an institution where more than 60% of its members have been dominated by such clans since the restoration of democracy in 1987. Specifically, we test whether provinces dominated by such established families are more likely to bring hi…
The impact of diamonds on economic growth, adverse regime change, and democratic state-building in Africa
Recent studies point to how resources such as diamonds have funded insurgency movements and how their geographic presence can foment the incidence but not necessarily the onset of civil wars. Such empirical studies are based on global models; however, we believe regional effects may be present. In order to address this, we disaggregate the empirical findings based on Africa as a region. By estimating a panel study of African states, we discover t…
Bringing the military back in: The politicisation of the military and its effect on democratic consolidation
Empirical research has shown how the role of institutions, civic culture, ethnic fractionalisation, the political economy, and demographic factors affect the stability of democracies, but none has explored the role of the military as an institution that can drastically influence the process of democratic consolidation. This led many scholars to notice how the study of comparative democratisation has been state-centric, but it has largely neglecte…
State Regulation of Religion and the Quality of Governance
The effect of state regulation of religion on governance has been explored theoretically by scholars, but it has not been tested empirically across nation states. The theory posits that secular states are more likely to benefit from better governance because of the absence of clerical involvement in politics, paving the way for the expansion of civil society and the passage of progressive political, economic, and social reforms. Using a unique da…
Ethnic Minority Governments, Democracy, and Human Rights
This study investigates empirically whether or not the presence of minority governments is more likely to induce the erosion of democracy. This is in light of how extant research in comparative democratization has focused on the deleterious effect of ethnic fractionalization on democratic survival. However, more recent work that re‐examined the ethnic heterogeneity and democratic collapse nexus finds mostly null effects. This article shows that e…
The Effect of Historical Pact Making and Civic Associations on Democratic Outcomes
Scholarship in comparative democratization finds that dialogue between the opposition and the old regime before the advent of democratic elections has consistently produced stable democracies least susceptible to reversals. This is because such “pacted” transitions promote values such as conciliation, compromise building, and consensus seeking. Yet the debate concerning how historical pact making affects the quality of democracy remains mainly an…
The Colonial Foundations of State Fragility and Failure
The presence of failed states in the international system has increased, especially after the end of the cold war. Recent research demonstrates that state fragility and failure are strongly influenced by regime type, political instability, and economic growth. But these studies do not highlight the possibility that state fragility/failure is a function of historical path dependency. To address its prevalence and persistence in the modern world, w…
Political and economic accountability in a delegative democracy
Recently, economic accountability theory as a means by which to hold political leaders accountable in the industrialized world has been generalized in transitional democracies. The theory advances how mass publics in young democracies evaluate and assess the performance of chief executives based on sociotropic or pocketbook economic evaluations and the occurrence of pivotal political events. The study finds that self-placement on poverty among Fi…
The Varieties of Religious Repression: Why Governments Restrict Religion
The collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War ushered in the importance of religious cleavages in several societies in the developing world. As religion replaced ideological divisions in facilitating interstate conflict and political instability, governments increasingly repressed religious movements. There is a paucity of contemporary empirical work that examines why and how states repress the mobilization, activism, and proselyti…
Do migrant remittances improve the quality of government? Evidence from the Philippines
Migrant remittances have been linked to improving the quality of government and political accountability in the developing world. The argument is that migrants have the capacity to withhold remittances to their families when they deem that their local governments are blighted with corruption and bureaucratic inefficiency. Relatedly, migrants also empower citizens in sub-national regions by providing funds to family members who become less beholde…
Examining the Determinants of Extra-Judicial Killings in the Philippines at the Subnational Level: The Role of Penal Populism and Vertical Accountability
Imperial Manila: How institutions and political geography disadvantage Philippine provinces
Critics of Philippine democracy have pointed out that the unitary system employed since the country became a sovereign state in 1946 led to the prolonged underdevelopment of sub-national regions (provinces). Hence, policy makers have put forward the argument that a shift to a Federal system is necessary because of the imperial Manila syndrome. This is the notion that political, economic, and social underdevelopment is more prevalent the farther a…
Does gendered representation in national legislatures promote substantive representation and human development? Evidence from the developing world
Despite the increase in the share of women in national legislatures in the developing world, scholars are still debating if gender‐diversified legislatures promote women‐friendly policies or negate women's empowerment attributed to intersectional demands, the absence of a critical mass, and continued gendered patriarchy. Previous studies also lack generalizability as they are based on single‐country studies or cross‐national research with samples…
Gendered Governance: Examining the Relationship between Women Legislators and Effective Public Goods Provision from a Global Sample
In the past two decades, women achieved significant gains in national legislatures by advocating for improvements in healthcare, welfare programs, and the promotion of civil rights. However, extant studies also find that women’s increased representation in national legislatures have led to symbolic tokenism without any substantive gains in terms of policy outputs, signifying their continued marginalization. Utilizing a global sample, this panel s…
Bringing the Legislature Back In: Examining the Structural Effects of National Legislatures on Effective Democratic Governance
Extant research in comparative politics has examined the role of institutional frameworks such as constitutional design, the nature of the electoral systems, parliamentarism and federalism on the quality of governance. Understanding variations on effective democratic governance has assumed a state-centric approach that has largely neglected how strong legislatures can drastically affect political outcomes. This study finds empirical evidence that…
Citizen Perceptions of Crime and Their Effect on Support for Illiberal Democratic Rule
In developing countries, perceptions of crime and actual crime victimization have been linked to less public support for democratic regimes. In countries with weak democratic institutions and limited horizontal accountability, populist presidents can exploit this situation by promoting vertical accountability. This vulnerability of democratic institutions arises because some citizens perceive strong-arm rule as a solution to the perceived increas…
Political science (20 works) · Politics (19 works) · Law (18 works) · Law (17 works) · Economics (14 works) · Democracy (13 works) · Political economy (13 works) · Development economics (10 works) · Political Conflict and Governance (10 works) · Electoral Systems and Political Participation (9 works)