Gadi Heimann
Biographic Data
| ID | 308769 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Gadi Heimann |
| GIVEN NAMES | Gadi |
| FAMILY NAME | Heimann |
| SIGNATURE | HEIMANN G |
| AFFILIATIONS | Hebrew University of Jerusalem |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0083-2953 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 32 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 101 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 32 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2008 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Between the national and the personal: The interactional production of agency in diplomacy
This study examines the extent to which personal agency is manifest in diplomacy. While current research in IR tends to adopt the representative framework when studying the power of individuals in advancing state goals, our study highlights moments at which personal agency and diplomatic agency part ways. Based on ethnographic observations at the State of Israel’s presidential residence – we recorded and transcribed 27 conversations between the p…
Sand in the Gears: When Diplomatic Interpersonal Interactions Go Awry
Interpersonal diplomatic incidents play a significant role in generating negative interpersonal relations between statespersons. Yet despite the obvious impact on international relations, thus far scholars have not systematically studied interpersonal interactions that have gone astray. In this paper, we discuss such incidents, identifying their causes and consequences. To this end, we collected stories about such incidents from interviews with f…
The Limits of Expulsion: Institutional Response to Russia’s Defection From the International Institutional Order
Why are states rarely expelled from international institutions, even after blatantly defying the principles they were incorporated to uphold? This article examines this puzzle through the case of Russia’s continued membership in key international institutions, including the G7, WTO, G20, the Council of Europe, and the International Space Station, following its 2014 annexation of Crimea and 2022 invasion of Ukraine. Building on existing literature…
Sovereignty, self-determination and the contending logics of territorial distribution
This article discusses the interplay between territorial sovereignty and national self-determination in international politics. It starts by drawing parallels between historical events such as the Russian annexation of Crimea in 2014, the recent Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, and previous incidents of territorial snatching. The central argument is that the variance in international responses to these events can be explained by the extent to…
Interpersonal Commitment: The Hidden Power of Face-to-Face Diplomacy
This article argues that interpersonal commitment is statespersons’ most highly coveted aim, the greatest benefit that interpersonal relations can yield in diplomacy. Accordingly, statespersons employ a range of relational practices in encounters with counterparts, seeking to create and harness commitment that will advance professional aims. We argue that statespersons can follow one of two paths to generate commitment: (1) creating feelings of g…
Cooptation in great power rivalries: A conceptual framework
Sneaking through raising walls: The dynamics of institutionalizing security technology clubs
Dealing with guilt and shame in international politics
State and non-state actors often try to provoke moral emotions like guilt and shame to mobilize political change. However, tactics such as `naming and shaming' are often ineffective, suggesting that policy makers engage in norm violations in ways that minimize moral emotions. We argue that when violating norms, decision makers deal with guilt and shame through coping mechanisms that allow them to pursue policies that contradict their moral standa…
Performing good diplomatic relations: The case of presidential introductory conversations during credential ceremonies
Communicating through Protocols: The Case of Diplomatic Credential Ceremonies
This study questions to what extent state agents invest efforts in building interpersonal relations with their counterparts. It is based on data collected during two years of ethnographic fieldwork at the Israeli president's residence, where we observed credential ceremonies involving ambassadors from twenty-three states and interviewed the president's advisors. We consider the credential ceremony an extreme case study regulated by highly formali…
How do states reminisce? Building relations through bonding narratives
Reminiscing during foreign state visits serves as a discursive means for building interstate relationships. When political leaders strategically narrate their states’ historical legacies, they construct a collective memory that serves as a resource for creating and sustaining amicable relations between states. Studying evocations of past events in 455 speeches delivered during foreign state visits between 2010 and 2020, we demonstrate the prevale…
The Benefits of Friendliness: The Consequences of Positive Interpersonal Relations for Interstate Politics
While most international relations (IR) scholars tend to minimize the effect of relations between statespersons on foreign policy, this article argues that interpersonal relationships have more weight than the literature suggests. On the basis of twenty-one interviews conducted with senior Israeli statespersons, we propose a two-level model-linking positive interaction between statespersons and actual consequences at the state level. At the perso…
Winning a seat at the table: Strategic routes by emerging powers to gain privileges in exclusive formal clubs
Established powers enjoy privileges in world politics coveted by emerging powers. These privileges vary in their level of institutionalization: full formal privileges, partial formal privileges, and informal privileges. We identify two alternative strategic routes through which emerging powers target these three types of privileges: a top-down and a bottom-up route. We analyze two factors that impact the choice between these two routes: restricti…
The Servant of Many Masters: The Multiple Commitments of State- Agents
Personal commitments are a ubiquitous but undertheorized phenomenon in the everyday wheels of world politics. While resonating with multiple threads in international relations theory, the role of individuals’ commitments in statecraft, diplomacy, and foreign policy has hardly been addressed in and of itself. Drawing on insights from symbolic interactionism and organizational psychology, this article conceptualizes the notion of commitment highlig…
These are not just slogans: Assertions of friendship between states
The goal of this study is to capture the meaning of interstate friendship from the perspective of international actors and to underline the benefits of analyzing speech acts as a tool for revealing the relational scripts that guide interstate relations. Analysis of the discourse surrounding 215 assertions of friendship made by statespersons in a variety of diplomatic encounters and cultural contexts allows us to identify the factors that state ac…
Reframing, Remorse, and Reassurance: Remedial Work in Diplomatic Crises
This paper suggests a framework for studying how remedial actions are deployed following diplomatic crisis. On the basis of thirty-four case studies and twenty-one interviews with senior statespersons, we offer a novel typology of remedial strategies employed for diffusing interstate tension and pinpoint the various calculations taken by decision-makers in performing them. The analysis reveals three primary strategies for restoring diplomatic rel…
Partnership in Leadership: Why and How Do Leading Powers Extend Managerial Privileges to Junior Partners
This article seeks to explain states’ success, either full or partial, in obtaining a place in an exclusive managerial forum and the managerial privileges this entails. We argue that the ability to join an exclusive forum and gain these privileges depends on three factors: the extent to which the potential junior partners’ assets seem attractive to the forum’s leaders; the extent of potential junior partners’ solidarity with the leading powers; a…
The strategic use of normative arguments in international negotiations
This article claims that normative arguments play a greater role in negotiations than existing scholarship implies. While the approaches of communicative and rhetorical action limit the use of arguments to environments that meet certain conditions, in fact normative arguments are widely used and can be found in almost every example of negotiations. This article seeks to explain this phenomenon. Negotiating parties that feel obligated to tackle no…
Flattery helps: Relational practices in statecraft
What makes them tick: Challenging the impersonal ethos in International Relations
International Relations scholars and practitioners commonly agree that relationships in world politics are managed impersonally. Personal connections between agents of states are perceived as having only little impact on foreign policy of states. The current article challenges this impersonal ethos, suggesting that personal relationships play an important role in conducting, and thus understanding, interstate relations. Interviews conducted with …
Israel’s Path to Europe: The Negotiations for a Preferential Agreement, 1957–1970
Relations between the new state of Israel and the European Union in the first twenty years of the Community’s existence were a major policy issue given the background of the Holocaust and the way the new nation was established. This book focuses on Israel-European Community relations from 1957 to 1975 - from the signing of the Treaty of Rome (1957), which officially established the Common Market, to the conclusion of Israel’s Free Trade Agreement…
Defeat in Interstate War and the Probability of Political Liberalization
The study examines whether defeat in war increases the probability that states will be involved in an international crisis (as a diversionary policy), enter a process of political liberalization, or alternatively, curtail political rights. More generally, it examines the impact of the leaders’ weakness on their tendency to adopt these different strategies in order to overcome internal unrest. We look at defeat in war as an indicator of the leader…
Franco-Israeli Relations, 1958-1967
Since the Sinai campaign, France had been Israel's ally, providing advanced weapons and granting political support and economic aid. When Charles de Gaulle returned to lead France in 1958 during the Algerian War, Israeli leadership faced a challenge to maintain the friendship in light of the President's insistence on re-establishing French influence in the Arab world. This book discusses their efforts and examines de Gaulle's uncompromising pursu…
Divide and Rule: Israel’s Tactics Regarding the Jerusalem Question and America’s Response, 1949–1950
In 1949–1950, an interesting diplomatic affair took place for which details have not yet being disclosed. The Israelis who were unable to reach an agreement with the Jordanians over Jerusalem, advanced solutions in which the latter will pay the major price. However, the US was not interested in forcing a solution on the Jordanians nor to see them internationally isolated. Preventing such a development was far more important for them than promotin…
The EEC Commission and the negotiations for a trade agreement with Israel, 1958–1964
This article examines the role played by the European Commission in negotiations between the European Economic Community and Israel concerning a trade agreement. It demonstrates that the Commission’s attitude to such an agreement was far more positive than that of the six member states. The Commission’s leadership pushed the Israelis into pursuing an association agreement, and when this was revealed to be impossible, it took a leading role in con…
Revenge in International Politics
This paper conceptualizes the phenomenon of revenge in international politics and seeks to specify the conditions that increase or diminish the tendency of states to take revenge against enemies. We situate the discussion of revenge within the broader context of emotions in IR. We argue that whether or not a state will take revenge depends on the combinations of three interrelated and mutually constitutive variables: (1) the degree to which a sta…
What makes them tick: Challenging the impersonal ethos in International Relations
International Relations scholars and practitioners commonly agree that relationships in world politics are managed impersonally. Personal connections between agents of states are perceived as having only little impact on foreign policy of states. The current article challenges this impersonal ethos, suggesting that personal relationships play an important role in conducting, and thus understanding, interstate relations. Interviews conducted with …
What does it take to be a great power? The story of France joining the Big Five
The article illuminates the International Relations (IR) enigma of how states with relative low power succeed in gaining privileges reserved for great powers. Many IR studies on status stress the importance of social recognition as a precondition for enjoying the status of a great power. However, very few focus on the factors that affect such recognition. This article tries to fill this gap by looking at systemic wars. Systemic wars are special c…
From Friendship to Patronage: France–Israel Relations, 1958–1967
The article has two main theses: first, that from 1958 to 1967—Charles de Gaulle's presidency—there was a typical patron-client relationship between France and Israel that lasted until the Six Day War. It challenges the frequent claim in the literature that relations between Israel and France did not essentially change after de Gaulle's rise to power. Second, it argues that the basis on which this relationship was founded was rocky from the start…
The Benefits of Friendliness: The Consequences of Positive Interpersonal Relations for Interstate Politics
While most international relations (IR) scholars tend to minimize the effect of relations between statespersons on foreign policy, this article argues that interpersonal relationships have more weight than the literature suggests. On the basis of twenty-one interviews conducted with senior Israeli statespersons, we propose a two-level model-linking positive interaction between statespersons and actual consequences at the state level. At the perso…
The Servant of Many Masters: The Multiple Commitments of State- Agents
Personal commitments are a ubiquitous but undertheorized phenomenon in the everyday wheels of world politics. While resonating with multiple threads in international relations theory, the role of individuals’ commitments in statecraft, diplomacy, and foreign policy has hardly been addressed in and of itself. Drawing on insights from symbolic interactionism and organizational psychology, this article conceptualizes the notion of commitment highlig…
These are not just slogans: Assertions of friendship between states
The goal of this study is to capture the meaning of interstate friendship from the perspective of international actors and to underline the benefits of analyzing speech acts as a tool for revealing the relational scripts that guide interstate relations. Analysis of the discourse surrounding 215 assertions of friendship made by statespersons in a variety of diplomatic encounters and cultural contexts allows us to identify the factors that state ac…
How do states reminisce? Building relations through bonding narratives
Reminiscing during foreign state visits serves as a discursive means for building interstate relationships. When political leaders strategically narrate their states’ historical legacies, they construct a collective memory that serves as a resource for creating and sustaining amicable relations between states. Studying evocations of past events in 455 speeches delivered during foreign state visits between 2010 and 2020, we demonstrate the prevale…
Dealing with guilt and shame in international politics
State and non-state actors often try to provoke moral emotions like guilt and shame to mobilize political change. However, tactics such as `naming and shaming' are often ineffective, suggesting that policy makers engage in norm violations in ways that minimize moral emotions. We argue that when violating norms, decision makers deal with guilt and shame through coping mechanisms that allow them to pursue policies that contradict their moral standa…
Communicating through Protocols: The Case of Diplomatic Credential Ceremonies
This study questions to what extent state agents invest efforts in building interpersonal relations with their counterparts. It is based on data collected during two years of ethnographic fieldwork at the Israeli president's residence, where we observed credential ceremonies involving ambassadors from twenty-three states and interviewed the president's advisors. We consider the credential ceremony an extreme case study regulated by highly formali…
Reframing, Remorse, and Reassurance: Remedial Work in Diplomatic Crises
This paper suggests a framework for studying how remedial actions are deployed following diplomatic crisis. On the basis of thirty-four case studies and twenty-one interviews with senior statespersons, we offer a novel typology of remedial strategies employed for diffusing interstate tension and pinpoint the various calculations taken by decision-makers in performing them. The analysis reveals three primary strategies for restoring diplomatic rel…
A Case of Diplomatic Symbiosis: France, Israel and the Former French Colonies in Africa, 1958–62
This article deals with the interesting three-way relationship between Israel, France, and the former French colonies in Africa located south of the Sahara during the years 1958–62. The main argument of the paper is that in French Africa Israel and France maintained a sort of symbiosis: by seeking its own self-interest, each side fulfilled a vital function for the other. France showed great patience with Israel’s attempts to penetrate its former …
The Struggle Between the United States and Israel over Recognition for Jerusalem as Israel's Capital, 1952–67
This study analyses the key role played by Washington in the international community's battle from 1952 to 1967 not to recognise Jerusalem as Israel's capital. It tries to explain both why the United States took on such a role and why its efforts were rewarded with such little success. It is suggested that the United States was guided chiefly by the principle of showing respect for the United Nations' authority. Yet, when this principle clashed w…
Interpersonal Commitment: The Hidden Power of Face-to-Face Diplomacy
This article argues that interpersonal commitment is statespersons’ most highly coveted aim, the greatest benefit that interpersonal relations can yield in diplomacy. Accordingly, statespersons employ a range of relational practices in encounters with counterparts, seeking to create and harness commitment that will advance professional aims. We argue that statespersons can follow one of two paths to generate commitment: (1) creating feelings of g…
Cooptation in great power rivalries: A conceptual framework
Performing good diplomatic relations: The case of presidential introductory conversations during credential ceremonies
Winning a seat at the table: Strategic routes by emerging powers to gain privileges in exclusive formal clubs
Established powers enjoy privileges in world politics coveted by emerging powers. These privileges vary in their level of institutionalization: full formal privileges, partial formal privileges, and informal privileges. We identify two alternative strategic routes through which emerging powers target these three types of privileges: a top-down and a bottom-up route. We analyze two factors that impact the choice between these two routes: restricti…
Partnership in Leadership: Why and How Do Leading Powers Extend Managerial Privileges to Junior Partners
This article seeks to explain states’ success, either full or partial, in obtaining a place in an exclusive managerial forum and the managerial privileges this entails. We argue that the ability to join an exclusive forum and gain these privileges depends on three factors: the extent to which the potential junior partners’ assets seem attractive to the forum’s leaders; the extent of potential junior partners’ solidarity with the leading powers; a…
Defeat in Interstate War and the Probability of Political Liberalization
The study examines whether defeat in war increases the probability that states will be involved in an international crisis (as a diversionary policy), enter a process of political liberalization, or alternatively, curtail political rights. More generally, it examines the impact of the leaders’ weakness on their tendency to adopt these different strategies in order to overcome internal unrest. We look at defeat in war as an indicator of the leader…
From ‘Irresponsible' to ‘Immoral: The Shifts in de Gaulle's Perception of Israel and the Jews
This article reviews the changes that took place in de Gaulle’s perception of Israel. It illustrates that the traditional interpretations in the literature are not precise. It identifies three distinct phases: A. Until the mid-1960s, de Gaulle valued the Jewish state and regarded it as balanced and moderate. B. Between 1963 and 1967, de Gaulle started to think of Israel as acting irresponsibly and contributing to the instability in the Middle Eas…
In Search of a Route to World Power: General de Gaulle, the Soviet Union, and Israel in the Middle Eastern Crisis of 1967
Revenge in International Politics
This paper conceptualizes the phenomenon of revenge in international politics and seeks to specify the conditions that increase or diminish the tendency of states to take revenge against enemies. We situate the discussion of revenge within the broader context of emotions in IR. We argue that whether or not a state will take revenge depends on the combinations of three interrelated and mutually constitutive variables: (1) the degree to which a sta…
From Friendship to Patronage: France–Israel Relations, 1958–1967
The article has two main theses: first, that from 1958 to 1967—Charles de Gaulle's presidency—there was a typical patron-client relationship between France and Israel that lasted until the Six Day War. It challenges the frequent claim in the literature that relations between Israel and France did not essentially change after de Gaulle's rise to power. Second, it argues that the basis on which this relationship was founded was rocky from the start…
In Search of a Route to World Power: General de Gaulle, the Soviet Union, and Israel in the Middle Eastern Crisis of 1967
From ‘Irresponsible' to ‘Immoral: The Shifts in de Gaulle's Perception of Israel and the Jews
This article reviews the changes that took place in de Gaulle’s perception of Israel. It illustrates that the traditional interpretations in the literature are not precise. It identifies three distinct phases: A. Until the mid-1960s, de Gaulle valued the Jewish state and regarded it as balanced and moderate. B. Between 1963 and 1967, de Gaulle started to think of Israel as acting irresponsibly and contributing to the instability in the Middle Eas…
The Struggle Between the United States and Israel over Recognition for Jerusalem as Israel's Capital, 1952–67
This study analyses the key role played by Washington in the international community's battle from 1952 to 1967 not to recognise Jerusalem as Israel's capital. It tries to explain both why the United States took on such a role and why its efforts were rewarded with such little success. It is suggested that the United States was guided chiefly by the principle of showing respect for the United Nations' authority. Yet, when this principle clashed w…
What does it take to be a great power? The story of France joining the Big Five
The article illuminates the International Relations (IR) enigma of how states with relative low power succeed in gaining privileges reserved for great powers. Many IR studies on status stress the importance of social recognition as a precondition for enjoying the status of a great power. However, very few focus on the factors that affect such recognition. This article tries to fill this gap by looking at systemic wars. Systemic wars are special c…
A Case of Diplomatic Symbiosis: France, Israel and the Former French Colonies in Africa, 1958–62
This article deals with the interesting three-way relationship between Israel, France, and the former French colonies in Africa located south of the Sahara during the years 1958–62. The main argument of the paper is that in French Africa Israel and France maintained a sort of symbiosis: by seeking its own self-interest, each side fulfilled a vital function for the other. France showed great patience with Israel’s attempts to penetrate its former …
Franco-Israeli Relations, 1958-1967
Since the Sinai campaign, France had been Israel's ally, providing advanced weapons and granting political support and economic aid. When Charles de Gaulle returned to lead France in 1958 during the Algerian War, Israeli leadership faced a challenge to maintain the friendship in light of the President's insistence on re-establishing French influence in the Arab world. This book discusses their efforts and examines de Gaulle's uncompromising pursu…
Divide and Rule: Israel’s Tactics Regarding the Jerusalem Question and America’s Response, 1949–1950
In 1949–1950, an interesting diplomatic affair took place for which details have not yet being disclosed. The Israelis who were unable to reach an agreement with the Jordanians over Jerusalem, advanced solutions in which the latter will pay the major price. However, the US was not interested in forcing a solution on the Jordanians nor to see them internationally isolated. Preventing such a development was far more important for them than promotin…
The EEC Commission and the negotiations for a trade agreement with Israel, 1958–1964
This article examines the role played by the European Commission in negotiations between the European Economic Community and Israel concerning a trade agreement. It demonstrates that the Commission’s attitude to such an agreement was far more positive than that of the six member states. The Commission’s leadership pushed the Israelis into pursuing an association agreement, and when this was revealed to be impossible, it took a leading role in con…
Israel’s Path to Europe: The Negotiations for a Preferential Agreement, 1957–1970
Relations between the new state of Israel and the European Union in the first twenty years of the Community’s existence were a major policy issue given the background of the Holocaust and the way the new nation was established. This book focuses on Israel-European Community relations from 1957 to 1975 - from the signing of the Treaty of Rome (1957), which officially established the Common Market, to the conclusion of Israel’s Free Trade Agreement…
Defeat in Interstate War and the Probability of Political Liberalization
The study examines whether defeat in war increases the probability that states will be involved in an international crisis (as a diversionary policy), enter a process of political liberalization, or alternatively, curtail political rights. More generally, it examines the impact of the leaders’ weakness on their tendency to adopt these different strategies in order to overcome internal unrest. We look at defeat in war as an indicator of the leader…
What makes them tick: Challenging the impersonal ethos in International Relations
International Relations scholars and practitioners commonly agree that relationships in world politics are managed impersonally. Personal connections between agents of states are perceived as having only little impact on foreign policy of states. The current article challenges this impersonal ethos, suggesting that personal relationships play an important role in conducting, and thus understanding, interstate relations. Interviews conducted with …
Reframing, Remorse, and Reassurance: Remedial Work in Diplomatic Crises
This paper suggests a framework for studying how remedial actions are deployed following diplomatic crisis. On the basis of thirty-four case studies and twenty-one interviews with senior statespersons, we offer a novel typology of remedial strategies employed for diffusing interstate tension and pinpoint the various calculations taken by decision-makers in performing them. The analysis reveals three primary strategies for restoring diplomatic rel…
Partnership in Leadership: Why and How Do Leading Powers Extend Managerial Privileges to Junior Partners
This article seeks to explain states’ success, either full or partial, in obtaining a place in an exclusive managerial forum and the managerial privileges this entails. We argue that the ability to join an exclusive forum and gain these privileges depends on three factors: the extent to which the potential junior partners’ assets seem attractive to the forum’s leaders; the extent of potential junior partners’ solidarity with the leading powers; a…
The strategic use of normative arguments in international negotiations
This article claims that normative arguments play a greater role in negotiations than existing scholarship implies. While the approaches of communicative and rhetorical action limit the use of arguments to environments that meet certain conditions, in fact normative arguments are widely used and can be found in almost every example of negotiations. This article seeks to explain this phenomenon. Negotiating parties that feel obligated to tackle no…
Flattery helps: Relational practices in statecraft
The Benefits of Friendliness: The Consequences of Positive Interpersonal Relations for Interstate Politics
While most international relations (IR) scholars tend to minimize the effect of relations between statespersons on foreign policy, this article argues that interpersonal relationships have more weight than the literature suggests. On the basis of twenty-one interviews conducted with senior Israeli statespersons, we propose a two-level model-linking positive interaction between statespersons and actual consequences at the state level. At the perso…
Winning a seat at the table: Strategic routes by emerging powers to gain privileges in exclusive formal clubs
Established powers enjoy privileges in world politics coveted by emerging powers. These privileges vary in their level of institutionalization: full formal privileges, partial formal privileges, and informal privileges. We identify two alternative strategic routes through which emerging powers target these three types of privileges: a top-down and a bottom-up route. We analyze two factors that impact the choice between these two routes: restricti…
The Servant of Many Masters: The Multiple Commitments of State- Agents
Personal commitments are a ubiquitous but undertheorized phenomenon in the everyday wheels of world politics. While resonating with multiple threads in international relations theory, the role of individuals’ commitments in statecraft, diplomacy, and foreign policy has hardly been addressed in and of itself. Drawing on insights from symbolic interactionism and organizational psychology, this article conceptualizes the notion of commitment highlig…
These are not just slogans: Assertions of friendship between states
The goal of this study is to capture the meaning of interstate friendship from the perspective of international actors and to underline the benefits of analyzing speech acts as a tool for revealing the relational scripts that guide interstate relations. Analysis of the discourse surrounding 215 assertions of friendship made by statespersons in a variety of diplomatic encounters and cultural contexts allows us to identify the factors that state ac…
How do states reminisce? Building relations through bonding narratives
Reminiscing during foreign state visits serves as a discursive means for building interstate relationships. When political leaders strategically narrate their states’ historical legacies, they construct a collective memory that serves as a resource for creating and sustaining amicable relations between states. Studying evocations of past events in 455 speeches delivered during foreign state visits between 2010 and 2020, we demonstrate the prevale…
Interpersonal Commitment: The Hidden Power of Face-to-Face Diplomacy
This article argues that interpersonal commitment is statespersons’ most highly coveted aim, the greatest benefit that interpersonal relations can yield in diplomacy. Accordingly, statespersons employ a range of relational practices in encounters with counterparts, seeking to create and harness commitment that will advance professional aims. We argue that statespersons can follow one of two paths to generate commitment: (1) creating feelings of g…
Cooptation in great power rivalries: A conceptual framework
Sneaking through raising walls: The dynamics of institutionalizing security technology clubs
Political science (30 works) · Law (22 works) · Law (21 works) · Sociology (20 works) · Politics (16 works) · Political economy (11 works) · Psychology (11 works) · International Relations and Foreign Policy (10 works) · State (computer science (10 works) · Economics (8 works)