T W Valente
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 3092 |
|---|---|
| NOME | T W Valente |
| PRENOMES | T W |
| SOBRENOME | Valente |
| ASSINATURA | VALENTE T W |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Southern California |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8824-5816 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 84 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 439 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 84 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1993 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 11 |
An intersectoral structural network intervention to expand social care in-and-with community
Social isolation and loneliness and social connection are recognized social determinants of health and modifiable risk factors for dementia, yet network strategies to address them remain scarce. To evaluate a structural network intervention designed to expand and redistribute social care through an intersectoral partnership. Specifically, we asked: (1) Can arts/culture institutions and community-based/service organizations (CBOs) be engaged in a …
The Impact of Social Norms on Diffusion Dynamics
Diffusion of innovations theory can be used to understand how to prevent or slow the spread of harmful behaviors, such as e-cigarette use in adolescent social networks. This study explores how different network intervention strategies could impact diffusion dynamics through network simulations based on observed social norms and e-cigarette use data. Simulations were initialized with baseline network data collected from 10 schools in a prospective…
We worked together to change things about our lives”
Our study highlighted a shift in HPs' motivations to participate in Healthy Immigrant Community from weight loss to holistic health promotion. The HPs' reflections on their experience showcase the transformative impact of culturally tailored, equity-focused interventions while emphasizing the need to address systemic barriers and incorporate community feedback for sustainable change
Increasing Equity Through Technology
Identifying low-cost implementation strategies to facilitate the uptake of technological innovations can help low-resource community clinics mitigate health disparities. Using a social network approach to identify organizational opinion leaders (OLs) can facilitate the adoption of innovations. To fill knowledge gaps related to alternative methods of identifying OLs, we identify and compare OLs in a low-resource community clinic using theoreticall…
Sources of Racial-Ethnic Socialization Messages Across Latine Adolescents’ Egocentric Social Networks
Racial-ethnic discrimination is ubiquitous among Latine adolescents and is a major risk factor for mental health problems. Racial-ethnic socialization (RES)—the transmission of messages about race and racism—is protective for Latine adolescents. Yet, the RES literature primarily focuses on parents as RES agents. Using a novel social network approach, this pilot feasibility study aimed to identify other sources of RES. Forty-four Latine adolescent…
Social network influences on adolescent substance use
Socio-ecological factors linked with changes in adults’ dietary intake in Los Angeles County during the peak of the coronavirus 2019 pandemic
Objective: Comprehensive studies examining longitudinal predictors of dietary change during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic are lacking. Based on an ecological framework, this study used longitudinal data to test if individual, social and environmental factors predicted change in dietary intake during the peak of the coronavirus 2019 pandemic in Los Angeles County and examined interactions among the multilevel predictors. Design: We analyse…
Social Network Influences on Adolescent E-cigarette Use
Background: Determine if individual adolescent vaping is associated with the vaping behavior of their school-based friendships; whether that association stems from peer influence or peer selection; and whether it varies by age. Methods: Two wave longitudinal survey of 1,208 students in one Midwestern US school district. Students were asked if they ever vaped and to name their seven closest friends within the school district. A roster of all eligi…
Diffusion effects of a sexual violence prevention program leveraging youth–adult partnerships
The purpose of the current study was to examine the diffusion effects of a youth‐led sexual violence prevention program (i.e., Youth Voices in Prevention [Youth VIP]). Specifically, social network analysis was used to measure the extent to which Youth VIP changed behaviors for 1172 middle and high school youth who did not attend program events but were friends with Youth VIP participants and completed the first and final survey (approximately 2 y…
A comparison of peer change agent selection methods
The use of network information in school-based peer-led interventions can help create more systematized peer leader selection processes. To reach at-risk students, delivery of an indirect message, such as through a poster or video, may be required. A hybrid approach where a combination of visible, respected opinion leaders, along with strategically-placed key players within the network, may provide the greatest potential for intervention diffusio…
Smoking-related psychosocial beliefs and justifications among smokers in India
These results suggest that smokers in India exhibit similar patterns of dissonance reduction as reported in studies from HICs: smokers who quit reduced their smoking justifications in the form of functional beliefs, not risk-minimizing beliefs. Smokers' beliefs change in concordance with their smoking behavior and functional beliefs tend to play a significant role as compared to risk-minimizing beliefs. Tobacco control messaging and interventions…
Exploratory analysis of college students’ occupational engagement during Covid-19
Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, college students experienced occupational disruptions to their daily routines and alarming mental health outcomes. This paper seeks to examine associations between college students’ occupational engagement and psychological well-being; identify potential protective and risk factors for gender, race, and ethnic identities; and explore the impacts of occupational disruptions during COVID-19. Method: Under…
The stability of youth popular opinion leaders selected over time using social network analysis
Community interventions that use social network analysis to identify and involve influential individuals are promising for behavior change. However, youth friendships are often unstable. The current study examined the stability of the youth selected as influential in a friendship social network, that is, the degree to which youth selected at one time point were also selected at subsequent time points. Influential youth, also called popular opinio…
Use of Social Network Analysis to Identify Popular Opinion Leaders for a Youth-Led Sexual Violence Prevention Initiative
In the current article, we describe an innovative sexual violence (SV) prevention initiative that used social network analysis to identify youth and adult popular opinion leaders who were subsequently trained in best practices in SV prevention (e.g., bystander intervention) at a kickoff event (i.e., camp) of the initiative. We provide information on recruitment strategies, participation rates and how those rates varied by some demographic factors…
Disrupting the Covid-19 Misinfodemic With Network Interventions
Amid the COVID-19 global pandemic, a highly troublesome influx of viral misinformation threatens to exacerbate the crisis through its deleterious effects on public health outcomes and health behavior decisions. This “misinfodemic” has ignited a surge of ongoing research aimed at characterizing its content, identifying its sources, and documenting its effects. Noticeably absent as of yet is a cogent strategy to disrupt misinformation. We start wit…
Leveraging Emergent Social Networks to Reduce Sedentary Behavior in Low-Income Parents With Preschool-Aged Children
This study tested the hypothesis that parents participating in a pediatric obesity intervention who formed social network ties with a parent in the intervention arm would engage in more daily physical activity and less sedentary behavior (after controlling for participant covariates). Data were collected at baseline, 12 months, and 36 months from 610 low-income parent-child pairs participating in an obesity prevention intervention for 3- to 5-yea…
Diffusion/Contagion Processes on Social Networks
This study models how new ideas, practices, or diseases spread within and between communities, the diffusion of innovations or contagion. Several factors affect diffusion such as the characteristics of the initial adopters, the seeds; the structure of the network over which diffusion occurs; and the shape of the threshold distribution, which is the proportion of prior adopting peers needed for the focal individual to adopt. In this study, seven s…
Associations between network-level acculturation, individual-level acculturation, and substance use among Hispanic adolescents
Acculturation is associated with substance use behaviors in Hispanic adolescents. However, there is limited research determining whether the individual's friends' acculturation patterns also influence substance use. Tenth-grade students ( N = 970) participated in Project RED, a study of substance use and social networks among Hispanic youth in Southern California. Acculturation and substance use data from both the respondent and their nominated f…
Depressive symptoms and parental support-seeking in Latinx adolescents
Adolescents experiencing depressive symptoms tend to withdraw from social interaction, but patterns among Latinx LGBT youth (i.e., lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender) are unclear. Latinx adolescents in the Greater Los Angeles Area (N = 549) were surveyed during two consecutive years, and longitudinal relationships among depressive symptoms, parental support-seeking, and loneliness were examined for differences based on youth’s LGBT identity. LGB…
Understanding connectivity
This article introduces social network analysis (SNA), a theoretical perspective accompanied by a set of methodologies, to occupational science. The convergence of SNA and occupational science is timely for both fields. By providing methodological approaches that flesh out a structural view of social networks, SNA measurements and mathematical terminology can effectively bridge the complexity of diverse interpretive frameworks used to understand …
Social network interventions for health behaviours and outcomes
Tenure trumps title
Researchers collecting survey data on inter-organizational networks typically choose a single informant with the most senior job title in each organization from whom to obtain a report of the organization’s inter-organizational ties. This approach to informant selection is based on the logic that greater seniority confers greater knowledge of inter-organizational relationships. The present study investigated the wisdom of this logic, using data i…
Network influences on policy implementation
Smoking Diffusion through Networks of Diverse, Urban American Adolescents over the High School Period
This study uses recent data to investigate if smoking initiation diffuses through friendship networks over the high school period and explores if diffusion processes differ across schools. One thousand four hundred and twenty-five racially and ethnically diverse youth from four high schools in Los Angeles were surveyed four times over the high school period from 2010 to 2013. Probit regression models and stochastic actor-based models for network …
Diffusion of a Peer-Led Suicide Preventive Intervention Through School-Based Student Peer and Adult Networks
Background: Peer-led interventions have been applied to prevent various health behavior problems and may be an important complement to individual-level suicide prevention approaches. Sources of Strength trains student "peer leaders" in secondary schools to conduct prevention activities that encourage other students to build healthy social bonds and strengthen help-seeking norms. Prior work examining diffusion of peer-led programs has focused on y…
Accelerating the Diffusion of Innovations Using Opinion Leaders
Theory on the diffusion of innovations has been used to study the spread of new ideas and practices for over 50 years in a wide variety of settings. Most studies have been retrospective, and most have neglected to collect information on interpersonal communication networks. In addition, few have attempted to use the lessons from diffusion research to accelerate the diffusion of innovations. This article outlines a method to accelerate the diffusi…
Social network associations with contraceptive use among Cameroonian women in voluntary associations
This paper examines the association between social networks and contraceptive use. Using data from a survey of women belonging to voluntary associations in Yaoundé, Cameroon, we find that the behavior and characteristics of the members of a respondent's personal networks are associated with her contraceptive use, over and above a set of her own individual characteristics that are usually found to be important. Respondents who report that their ne…
Social network influences on adolescent substance use
Community Coalitions as a System
Objectives. We examined the effect of community coalition network structure on the effectiveness of an intervention designed to accelerate the adoption of evidence-based substance abuse prevention programs. Methods. At baseline, 24 cities were matched and randomly assigned to 3 conditions (control, satellite TV training, and training plus technical assistance). We surveyed 415 community leaders at baseline and 406 at 18-month follow-up about thei…
Intergenerational transfers of resources between older persons and extended kin in Taiwan and the Philippines
This study examines the extent to which older generations actively exchange resources with extended kin in Taiwan and the Philippines. It is critical to understand the position of older generations in the family, because population ageing and declines in family size spur concerns about the tenacity of family support. This research builds upon previous studies that have predominantly focused on parent-child relationships alone or on support receiv…
The Origins and Development of the Diffusion of Innovations Paradigm as an Example of Scientific Growth
This article traces the emergence of the basic paradigm for early diffusion research created by two rural sociologists at Iowa State University, Bryce Ryan and Neal C. Gross. The diffusion paradigm spread to an invisible college of midwestern rural sociological researchers in the 1950s and 1960s, and then to a larger, interdisciplinary field of diffusion scholars. By the late 1960s, rural sociologists lost interest in diffusion studies, not becau…
Variations in network boundary and type
Network structural influences on the adoption of evidence‐based prevention in communities
This study examined the impact of key variables in coalition communication networks, centralization and density, on the adoption of evidence‐based substance abuse prevention. Data were drawn from a network survey and a corresponding community leader survey that measured leader attitudes and practices toward substance abuse prevention programs. Two types of coalition networks were measured: advice‐seeking and discussion relations. For each communi…
Acculturation and Substance Use
Research suggests that acculturation increases the risk of substance use among Hispanic youth. However, this process is not well understood. This study examined associations between acculturation and several substance use indicators among a sample of 714 Hispanic youth attending alternative high schools in southern California. Peer social influence was assessed as a potential mediator. Acculturation, measured by language use, was associated with …
Multivariate dynamics of one-mode and two-mode networks
We examined social mechanisms that account for similarity in the social context of school-sponsored extracurricular sports activities among friends. We distinguish two social mechanisms: “shared sports activities that lead to friendship,” whereby friendship formation and maintenance are conditioned by joint sports participation, and “friendship that leads to shared sports activities,” a form of social influence whereby adolescents join or maintai…
Multiplex congruity
Social integration in friendship networks
Matching the Message to the Process The Relative Ordering of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Behavior Change Research
The authors empirically investigated the relative ordering of knowledge, attitudes, and practices in behavior change models and its relation to communicating health-related information. Considerable research has been conducted in the area of behavior change to identify and measure the presence of knowledge, attitudinal, and practice levels for many behaviors. The literature is reviewed. The authors' investigation consisted of interviewing 1680 me…
Global Tobacco Control Diffusion
Objectives. We analyzed demographic and social network variables associated with the timing of ratification of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). Methods. We compiled a 2-mode data set that recorded country participation in FCTC negotiations, as well as the number of individuals per country per year who joined an online tobacco control network. We used logistic regression analysis of these 2 data sets along with geographic locati…
The Interplay of Friendship Networks and Social Networking Sites
Objectives. We examined the coevolution of adolescent friendships and peer influences with respect to their risk behaviors and social networking site use. Methods. Investigators of the Social Network Study collected longitudinal data during fall 2010 and spring 2011 from 10th-grade students in 5 Southern California high schools (n = 1434). We used meta-analyses of stochastic actor-based models to estimate changes in friendship ties and risk behav…
Correlations among centrality indices and a class of uniquely ranked graphs
The decomposed affiliation exposure model
Self-identification with peer crowds (jocks, popular kids, druggies, etc.) has an important influence on adolescent substance use behavior. However, little is known about the impact of the shared nature of crowd identification on different stages of adolescent drinking behavior, or the way crowd identification interacts with participation in school-sponsored sports activities. This study examines drinking influences from (1) peers with shared cro…
A Network Assessment of Community-Based Participatory Research
Objectives. We sought to determine whether a community-based initiative designed to reduce cancer disparities among Pacific Islanders in Southern California increased communications between community-based organizations and university researchers. Methods. We conducted network analysis among 11 community-based organizations (CBOs) and 5 universities by interviewing 91 and 56 members of these organizations, respectively, at 2 points in time. We es…
Diffusion of innovations theory applied to global tobacco control treaty ratification
This study applies diffusion of innovations theory to understand network influences on country ratification of an international health treaty, the Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (FCTC). From 2003 to 2014 approximately 90% of United Nations member countries ratified the FCTC. We hypothesized that communication between tobacco control advocates on GLOBALink, a 7000-member online communication forum in existence from 1992 to 2012, would be…
Women's Social Communication About IUDs
Misinformation and negative information about IUDs are prevalent in social communication, and the information transmitted through social networks differs from the information never-users wish to receive. Findings support the creation of peer-led interventions to encourage IUD users to share positive personal experiences and evidence-based information
The stability of youth popular opinion leaders selected over time using social network analysis
Community interventions that use social network analysis to identify and involve influential individuals are promising for behavior change. However, youth friendships are often unstable. The current study examined the stability of the youth selected as influential in a friendship social network, that is, the degree to which youth selected at one time point were also selected at subsequent time points. Influential youth, also called popular opinio…
Diffusion of an Evidence-Based Smoking Cessation Intervention Through Facebook
Objectives. To examine the diffusion of an evidence-based smoking cessation application (“app”) through Facebook social networks and identify specific intervention components that accelerate diffusion. Methods. Between December 2012 and October 2013, we recruited adult US smokers (“seeds”) via Facebook advertising and randomized them to 1 of 12 app variants using a factorial design. App variants targeted components of diffusion: duration of use (…
Coevolution of Information Sharing and Implementation of Evidence-Based Practices Among North American Tobacco Cessation Quitlines
Objectives. We examined the coevolution of information sharing and implementation of evidence-based practices among US and Canadian tobacco cessation quitlines within the North American Quitline Consortium (NAQC). Methods. Web-based surveys were used to collect data from key respondents representing each of 74 participating funders of NAQC quitlines during the summer and fall of 2009, 2010, and 2011. We used stochastic actor-based models to estim…
Hidden” Social Networks in Behavior Change Interventions
We investigated whether “hidden” (or unobserved) social networks were evident in a 2011 physical activity behavior change intervention in Belfast, Northern Ireland. Results showed evidence of unobserved social networks in the intervention and illustrated how the network evolved over short periods and affected behavior. Behavior change interventions should account for the interaction among participants (i.e., social networks) and how such interact…
Intermedia Processes in the Adoption of Tobacco Control Activities Among Opinion Leaders in California
Journal Article Intermedia Processes in the Adoption of Tobacco Control Activities Among Opinion Leaders in California Get access Darleen V. Schuster, Darleen V. Schuster 1Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Alhambra, CA 91803 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Thomas W Valente, Thomas W Valente 1Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Alhambra, CA 91803 Search for …
Diffusion of Innovations and Policy Decision-Making
Journal Article Diffusion of Innovations and Policy Decision-Making Get access Thomas W. Valente Thomas W. Valente 1Thomas W. Valente is research officer at the Center for Communication Programs, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University (JHU). Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Communication, Volume 43, Issue 1, March 1993, Pages 30–45, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1993.tb01247.x Pu…
The Origins and Development of the Diffusion of Innovations Paradigm as an Example of Scientific Growth
This article traces the emergence of the basic paradigm for early diffusion research created by two rural sociologists at Iowa State University, Bryce Ryan and Neal C. Gross. The diffusion paradigm spread to an invisible college of midwestern rural sociological researchers in the 1950s and 1960s, and then to a larger, interdisciplinary field of diffusion scholars. By the late 1960s, rural sociologists lost interest in diffusion studies, not becau…
Social network associations with contraceptive use among Cameroonian women in voluntary associations
This paper examines the association between social networks and contraceptive use. Using data from a survey of women belonging to voluntary associations in Yaoundé, Cameroon, we find that the behavior and characteristics of the members of a respondent's personal networks are associated with her contraceptive use, over and above a set of her own individual characteristics that are usually found to be important. Respondents who report that their ne…
Integration and radiality
This paper presents two measures, integration and radiality, which indicate the degree an individual is connected and reachable within a network. The measures are created using a reverse distance (geodesic) matrix, thus providing a directed closeness measure. Integration and radiality are then correlated with other centrality measures to examine the differences and similarities between each other and these other centrality measures. We then show …
Matching the Message to the Process The Relative Ordering of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Behavior Change Research
The authors empirically investigated the relative ordering of knowledge, attitudes, and practices in behavior change models and its relation to communicating health-related information. Considerable research has been conducted in the area of behavior change to identify and measure the presence of knowledge, attitudinal, and practice levels for many behaviors. The literature is reviewed. The authors' investigation consisted of interviewing 1680 me…
Accelerating the Diffusion of Innovations Using Opinion Leaders
Theory on the diffusion of innovations has been used to study the spread of new ideas and practices for over 50 years in a wide variety of settings. Most studies have been retrospective, and most have neglected to collect information on interpersonal communication networks. In addition, few have attempted to use the lessons from diffusion research to accelerate the diffusion of innovations. This article outlines a method to accelerate the diffusi…
Peers, schools, and adolescent cigarette smoking
Needle-exchange participation, effectiveness, and policy
The stability of centrality measures when networks are sampled
Using Social Networks to Understand and Prevent Substance Use
We review findings from research on smoking, alcohol, and other drug use, which show that the network approaCh is instructive for understanding social influences on substance use. A hypothetical network is used throughout to illustrate different network findings and provide a short glossary of terms. We then describe how network analysis can be used to design more effective prevention programs and to monitor and evaluate these programs. The artic…
Valente Et Al. Respond
We deeply regret failing to reference Wiist and colleagues’ prior research on the use of social-network techniques for selecting leaders and creating work groups in a school-based study. We apologize to them and to the field for this omission. We are glad that our results confirmed their work and that we are following up on their call to further investigate this approach. Indeed, a small body of research is beginning to accumulate on the use of s…
Do popular students smoke? The association between popularity and smoking among middle school students
Intergenerational transfers of resources between older persons and extended kin in Taiwan and the Philippines
This study examines the extent to which older generations actively exchange resources with extended kin in Taiwan and the Philippines. It is critical to understand the position of older generations in the family, because population ageing and declines in family size spur concerns about the tenacity of family support. This research builds upon previous studies that have predominantly focused on parent-child relationships alone or on support receiv…
Intermedia Processes in the Adoption of Tobacco Control Activities Among Opinion Leaders in California
Journal Article Intermedia Processes in the Adoption of Tobacco Control Activities Among Opinion Leaders in California Get access Darleen V. Schuster, Darleen V. Schuster 1Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Alhambra, CA 91803 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Thomas W Valente, Thomas W Valente 1Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Alhambra, CA 91803 Search for …
Identifying Opinion Leaders to Promote Behavior Change
This article reviews 10 techniques used to identify opinion leaders to promote behavior change. Opinion leaders can act as gatekeepers for interventions, help change social norms, and accelerate behavior change. Few studies document the manner in which opinion leaders are identified, recruited, and trained to promote health. The authors categorize close to 200 studies that have studied or used opinion leaders to promote behavior change into 10 di…
Differences in Perceived Implementation of a Standard Versus Peer-led Interactive Substance Abuse Prevention Program
These data indicate that an interactive substance-abuse prevention program does not necessarily entail more off-task discussion but also does not necessarily guarantee more favorable program implementation
Community Coalitions as a System
Objectives. We examined the effect of community coalition network structure on the effectiveness of an intervention designed to accelerate the adoption of evidence-based substance abuse prevention programs. Methods. At baseline, 24 cities were matched and randomly assigned to 3 conditions (control, satellite TV training, and training plus technical assistance). We surveyed 415 community leaders at baseline and 406 at 18-month follow-up about thei…
Between Tradition and Change
Network structural influences on the adoption of evidence‐based prevention in communities
This study examined the impact of key variables in coalition communication networks, centralization and density, on the adoption of evidence‐based substance abuse prevention. Data were drawn from a network survey and a corresponding community leader survey that measured leader attitudes and practices toward substance abuse prevention programs. Two types of coalition networks were measured: advice‐seeking and discussion relations. For each communi…
Acculturation and Substance Use
Research suggests that acculturation increases the risk of substance use among Hispanic youth. However, this process is not well understood. This study examined associations between acculturation and several substance use indicators among a sample of 714 Hispanic youth attending alternative high schools in southern California. Peer social influence was assessed as a potential mediator. Acculturation, measured by language use, was associated with …
Social Networks and Health
Social Networks and Health provides a comprehensive introduction to how social networks influence health behaviors. Section one provides an introduction to major research themes and perspectives used to understand how networks form, evolve, and channel the spread of ideas and behaviors. An intellectual history of the field is provided as well as conjectures on why network science took so long to develop. Methodologies for studying networks and as…
Bridging
Evaluation of an overdose prevention and response training programme for injection drug users in the Skid Row area of Los Angeles, CA
Patterns of place‐based self‐regulation and associated mental health of urban adolescents
Efforts to simultaneously address adolescent self‐regulation, activity space (routine locations), and mental health represent a promising social ecological approach aimed at understanding the lives and development of urban youth. This type of examination of contextual influences on self‐regulation is considered an important area of developmental research, yet one that is understudied (McCabe, Cunnington, & Brooks‐Gunn, 2004 ). Little is known abo…
A Network Assessment of Community-Based Participatory Research
Objectives. We sought to determine whether a community-based initiative designed to reduce cancer disparities among Pacific Islanders in Southern California increased communications between community-based organizations and university researchers. Methods. We conducted network analysis among 11 community-based organizations (CBOs) and 5 universities by interviewing 91 and 56 members of these organizations, respectively, at 2 points in time. We es…
Psychology (60 obras) · Medicine (47 obras) · Social Psychology (44 obras) · Computer Science (33 obras) · Psychiatry (26 obras) · Sociology (26 obras) · Political science (25 obras) · Public health (23 obras) · Community Health and Development (22 obras) · Social Psychology (22 obras)