David A Klinger
Biographic Data
| ID | 355797 |
|---|---|
| NAME | David A Klinger |
| GIVEN NAMES | David A |
| FAMILY NAME | Klinger |
| SIGNATURE | KLINGER D A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Queen's University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8401-3719 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 29 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 385 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 29 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1994 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Academic Resilience and Education Governance in a Post-Pandemic World
Academic resilience has taken on renewed significance in the aftermath of the pandemic — a generational event that disrupted the education of more than 1.5 billion students across the globe. Unsurprisingly, cross-national research has adequately documented the profound impact of school closures on traditional cognitive domains such as reading, mathematics, and science achievement. At the same time, COVID-19 has also brought into sharper focus the…
Educational Recovery in the Aftermath of the Pandemic: A Critical Analysis of Recovery Policies across Canada
This study expands on our previous research focusing on provincial educational policies to support students’ academic resilience during the pandemic, with the current focus being on the “recovery phase” of the pandemic (January 2022 to December 2023). Our analysis identified 46 provincial documents that addressed one or more of the three dimensions of academic resilience during this recovery period. Similar to our previous findings, a greater emp…
The rise and stall of standards-based reform
The promotion and measurement of standards in compulsory education systems has been a prominent feature of Western education systems for centuries. But the COVID-19 pandemic and the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) have made the limits of current standards-based approaches to assessment more evident. Louis Volante, Don A. Klinger, and Christopher DeLuca discuss the importance of both cognitive and non-cognitive skills for the future success o…
Pisa, global reference societies, and policy borrowing: The promises and pitfalls of ‘academic resilience’
The Programme in International Student Assessment (PISA) has become the prominent method of international comparison of the achievement of 15-year-old children in reading, mathematics, and science. Recently, the OECD, which administers PISA, has devoted a great deal of energy promoting the notion of “academic resilience”—which refers to the capacity of individuals to prosper despite encountering adverse circumstances. Countries are compared and c…
Leveraging AI to enhance learning
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, such as ChatGPT, have ushered in a new digital era that presents formidable challenges related to cheating and plagiarism in the classroom. Although many school systems have reacted by banning AI language models and related applications, these technologies present opportunities to leverage formative assessment practices to enable students to demonstrate more complex and valued learning outcomes. Using th…
Assessment of Self-Regulation in Ontario Secondary Schools
Self-regulation is positively associated with better academic, and life, outcomes. Consequently, many school systems aim to develop self-regulation, or related constructs. Thus, many teachers are asked to assess and report upon students’ self-regulation (or related constructs). How secondary teachers in Ontario, Canada accomplish this task was investigated using mixed methods research. Phase 1 involved semi-structured interviews with 26 secondary…
Academic Resilience During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Triarchic Analysis of Education Policy Developments across Canada
This study employed a qualitative content analysis of provincial policy documents, following deductive methods, to examine academic resilience and education policy developments across Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic. More specifically, the study explicates the nature and scope of provincial policy responses to the global pandemic that address academic issues, physical health and well-being, and mental health issues for K–12 students. The pan-…
Assessing Learning Skills and Work Habits: What Do Report Card Data Tell Us
Many school systems ask teachers to assess and report upon aspects of student performance beyond academic achievement. In Ontario, K–12 teachers assess a common set of six Learning Skills and Work Habits. How well teachers are able to undertake these assessments is not well studied. This study examines Grade 9 and 12 report card data from two districts in Ontario, Canada to determine to what extent different learning skills are assessed independe…
Pisa and Education Reform in Europe: Cases of Policy Inertia, Avoidance, and Refraction
The present analysis examined the relationship between PISA results and their influence on policy development within a select group of European nations which included Estonia, Italy, France, and Finland. These countries reflect four distinct outcomes in relation to PISA results: (1) high achievement and high equity (Estonia); (2) stagnant performance (Italy); (3) low achievement and low equity (France); and (4) a negative equity trend (Finland). …
A qualitative study of Indian and Indian immigrant adolescents’ perceptions of the factors affecting their engagement and performance in school
Relationships among school climate, school safety, and student achievement and well‐being: A review of the literature
School climate, safety and well‐being of students are important antecedents of academic achievement. However, school members do not necessarily experience school climate in the same way; rather, their subjective perceptions of the environment and personal characteristics influence individual outcomes and behaviours. Therefore, a closer look at the relationship between school climate, safety, well‐being of students and student learning is needed. …
Supporting Knowledge Translation Through Evaluation: Evaluator as Knowledge Broker
The evaluation literature has focused on the evaluation of knowledge translation activities, but to date there is little, if any, record of attempts to use evaluation in support of knowledge translation. This study sought to answer the question: How can an evaluation be designed to facilitate knowledge translation? A single prospective case study design was employed. An evaluation of a memory clinic within a primary care setting in Ontario, Canad…
Motivation and Test Anxiety in Test Performance Across Three Testing Contexts: The Cael , CET , and Gept
This study examined test‐takers' motivation, test anxiety, and test performance across a range of social and educational contexts in three high‐stakes language tests: the Canadian Academic English Language ( CAEL ) Assessment in Canada, the College English Test ( CET ) in the People's Republic of China, and the General English Proficiency Test ( GEPT ) in Taiwan. The researchers issued a questionnaire exploring motivation, test anxiety, and perce…
Intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and academic achievement among Indian adolescents in Canada and India
A Gradient in Education Due to Health? Evidence from the Study of Health Behavior in School-Aged Children
Research exploring the relationship between education and health suggests that people with higher levels of schooling report better health. To emphasize health as a determinant of educational achievement, this article establishes a gradient in education by health among Canadian students. Using data from the 2006 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study, the relationship between self-rated health and achievement is examined for 8,626 …
Test-Takers’ Background, Literacy Activities, and Views of the Ontario Secondary School Literacy Test
This study examined the relationships among students’ background information and their in-school and after-school literacy activities, as well as the relationships between students’ background and their views of the Ontario Secondary School Literacy Test (OSSLT). The results showed that students’ literacy activities could be grouped into three types: e-literacy, traditional literacy, and creative literacy. Furthermore, results showed that categor…
Maintaining Separate Spheres in Policing: Women on SWAT Teams
The Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) team may represent the last vestige of male dominance in law enforcement as an assignment that remains grounded in traditional masculine notions of policing. Although SWAT units have become a prominent feature of modern American policing, there are few female team members. In an attempt to develop some insight into why women rarely serve on SWAT teams, the present research examines the viewpoints of a sample…
Influence of motivation, self-beliefs, and instructional practices on science achievement of adolescents in Canada
School differences in adolescent health and wellbeing: Findings from the Canadian Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Study
Gender Differences in the Relationship Between Academic Self-Concept and Self-Reported Depressed Mood in School Children
Walking in Their Shoes: Students’ Perceptions of Large-Scale High-Stakes Testing
With the implementation of the Ontario Secondary School Literacy Test (OSSLT) in 2002, Ontario became the first province in Canada requiring successful completion of a large-scale high-stakes literacy test for high school graduation. We began to explore and analyze students’ perceptions of this testing program in terms of their preparation for the test, the test’s impact and value, and the potential influence of such a testing program on the stud…
The challenges of the Ontario Secondary School Literacy Test for second language students
Results from the Ontario Secondary School Literacy Test (OSSLT) indicate that English as a Second Language (ESL) and English Literacy Development (ELD) students have comparatively low success and high deferral rates. This study examined the 2002 and 2003 OSSLT test performances of ESL/ELD and non-ESL/ELD students in order to identify and understand the factors that may help explain why ESL/ELD students failed the test at relatively high rates. Th…
Environment and Organization: Reviving a Perspective on the Police
Police researchers have largely ignored the role thatorganizational and environmental factors play indetermining how officers behave during interactions withcitizens. This has resulted in a body of policing knowledgethat contains little information about how and whypolice practices are affected by features of the agenciesofficers work for and forces outside police departments.This article points out the consequences of this dearth ofknowledge for…
An Investigation of the Accuracy of Alternative Methods of True Score Estimation in High-Stakes Mixed-Format Examinations
Increasingly, high-stakes large-scale examinations are used to make important decisions about student achievement. Consequently, it is equally important that scores obtained from these examinations are accurate. This study compares the estimation accuracy of procedures based on classical test score theory (CTST) and item response theory (Generalized Partial Credit model, GPCM) for examinations consisting of multiple-choice and extended-response i…
Differential Police Treatment of Male‐on‐female Spousal Violence
Recent studies of police response to violence in which men attack women with whom they have a history of shared intimacy have not addressed the issue that inspired research in the first place: the “leniency thesis” that police treat men who beat their spouses less punitively than other violent offenders. In addition, research examining the deterrent effects of various police treatments of misdemeanor domestic violence is not responsive to complai…
Negotiating Order in Patrol Work: An Ecological Theory of Police Response to Deviance
The recent renaissance of ecological research in criminology has brought with it a renewed interest in the relationship between crime and social control in local communities. While several researchers have noted that the police are a critical part of the community crime‐control puzzle, there is very little research and no theory that addresses variation in police behavior across physical space. In an attempt to further understand police operation…
Demeanor or Crime? Why “Hostile” Citizens Are More Likely to Be Arrested
It is a criminological axiom that displays of hostility by citizens towards police officers directly increase the odds of arrest in police‐citizen encounters. This axiom rests on nearly three decades of observational research of interactions between police officers and citizens. Two features of this work, however, raise questions about the validity of findings that citizen demeanor independently affects police arrest decisions. First, although de…
Measurement Error in Calls‐for‐service as an Indicator of Crime
Several recent studies have used records of calls‐for‐service (CFS) to police 911 centers to measure crime at the address, neighborhood, and city level. This article examines the limitations of this “new” indicator of crime. After pointing out several types of error in dispatch records, we use data from an observational study of policing in 60 neighborhoods to examine empirically how these errors might bias CFS‐based crime counts and discuss the …
More on Demeanor and Arrest in Dade County
A recent study of police behavior using data collected in Dade County, Florida, found that citizen demeanor is a spurious correlate of arrest in light of control for criminal conduct (Klinger, 1994). This finding calls into question the long‐standing belief that hostility directly increases the odds of arrest in police‐citizen encounters. Responding to this research, Lundman (1994) reanalyzed data used in several previous studies that had reporte…
Differential Police Treatment of Male‐on‐female Spousal Violence
Recent studies of police response to violence in which men attack women with whom they have a history of shared intimacy have not addressed the issue that inspired research in the first place: the “leniency thesis” that police treat men who beat their spouses less punitively than other violent offenders. In addition, research examining the deterrent effects of various police treatments of misdemeanor domestic violence is not responsive to complai…
Environment and Organization: Reviving a Perspective on the Police
Police researchers have largely ignored the role thatorganizational and environmental factors play indetermining how officers behave during interactions withcitizens. This has resulted in a body of policing knowledgethat contains little information about how and whypolice practices are affected by features of the agenciesofficers work for and forces outside police departments.This article points out the consequences of this dearth ofknowledge for…
School differences in adolescent health and wellbeing: Findings from the Canadian Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Study
Influence of motivation, self-beliefs, and instructional practices on science achievement of adolescents in Canada
Gender Differences in the Relationship Between Academic Self-Concept and Self-Reported Depressed Mood in School Children
Motivation and Test Anxiety in Test Performance Across Three Testing Contexts: The Cael , CET , and Gept
This study examined test‐takers' motivation, test anxiety, and test performance across a range of social and educational contexts in three high‐stakes language tests: the Canadian Academic English Language ( CAEL ) Assessment in Canada, the College English Test ( CET ) in the People's Republic of China, and the General English Proficiency Test ( GEPT ) in Taiwan. The researchers issued a questionnaire exploring motivation, test anxiety, and perce…
Intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and academic achievement among Indian adolescents in Canada and India
A qualitative study of Indian and Indian immigrant adolescents’ perceptions of the factors affecting their engagement and performance in school
Demeanor or Crime? Why “Hostile” Citizens Are More Likely to Be Arrested
It is a criminological axiom that displays of hostility by citizens towards police officers directly increase the odds of arrest in police‐citizen encounters. This axiom rests on nearly three decades of observational research of interactions between police officers and citizens. Two features of this work, however, raise questions about the validity of findings that citizen demeanor independently affects police arrest decisions. First, although de…
More on Demeanor and Arrest in Dade County
A recent study of police behavior using data collected in Dade County, Florida, found that citizen demeanor is a spurious correlate of arrest in light of control for criminal conduct (Klinger, 1994). This finding calls into question the long‐standing belief that hostility directly increases the odds of arrest in police‐citizen encounters. Responding to this research, Lundman (1994) reanalyzed data used in several previous studies that had reporte…
Differential Police Treatment of Male‐on‐female Spousal Violence
Recent studies of police response to violence in which men attack women with whom they have a history of shared intimacy have not addressed the issue that inspired research in the first place: the “leniency thesis” that police treat men who beat their spouses less punitively than other violent offenders. In addition, research examining the deterrent effects of various police treatments of misdemeanor domestic violence is not responsive to complai…
Negotiating Order in Patrol Work: An Ecological Theory of Police Response to Deviance
The recent renaissance of ecological research in criminology has brought with it a renewed interest in the relationship between crime and social control in local communities. While several researchers have noted that the police are a critical part of the community crime‐control puzzle, there is very little research and no theory that addresses variation in police behavior across physical space. In an attempt to further understand police operation…
Measurement Error in Calls‐for‐service as an Indicator of Crime
Several recent studies have used records of calls‐for‐service (CFS) to police 911 centers to measure crime at the address, neighborhood, and city level. This article examines the limitations of this “new” indicator of crime. After pointing out several types of error in dispatch records, we use data from an observational study of policing in 60 neighborhoods to examine empirically how these errors might bias CFS‐based crime counts and discuss the …
An Investigation of the Accuracy of Alternative Methods of True Score Estimation in High-Stakes Mixed-Format Examinations
Increasingly, high-stakes large-scale examinations are used to make important decisions about student achievement. Consequently, it is equally important that scores obtained from these examinations are accurate. This study compares the estimation accuracy of procedures based on classical test score theory (CTST) and item response theory (Generalized Partial Credit model, GPCM) for examinations consisting of multiple-choice and extended-response i…
Environment and Organization: Reviving a Perspective on the Police
Police researchers have largely ignored the role thatorganizational and environmental factors play indetermining how officers behave during interactions withcitizens. This has resulted in a body of policing knowledgethat contains little information about how and whypolice practices are affected by features of the agenciesofficers work for and forces outside police departments.This article points out the consequences of this dearth ofknowledge for…
The challenges of the Ontario Secondary School Literacy Test for second language students
Results from the Ontario Secondary School Literacy Test (OSSLT) indicate that English as a Second Language (ESL) and English Literacy Development (ELD) students have comparatively low success and high deferral rates. This study examined the 2002 and 2003 OSSLT test performances of ESL/ELD and non-ESL/ELD students in order to identify and understand the factors that may help explain why ESL/ELD students failed the test at relatively high rates. Th…
Walking in Their Shoes: Students’ Perceptions of Large-Scale High-Stakes Testing
With the implementation of the Ontario Secondary School Literacy Test (OSSLT) in 2002, Ontario became the first province in Canada requiring successful completion of a large-scale high-stakes literacy test for high school graduation. We began to explore and analyze students’ perceptions of this testing program in terms of their preparation for the test, the test’s impact and value, and the potential influence of such a testing program on the stud…
Gender Differences in the Relationship Between Academic Self-Concept and Self-Reported Depressed Mood in School Children
Maintaining Separate Spheres in Policing: Women on SWAT Teams
The Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) team may represent the last vestige of male dominance in law enforcement as an assignment that remains grounded in traditional masculine notions of policing. Although SWAT units have become a prominent feature of modern American policing, there are few female team members. In an attempt to develop some insight into why women rarely serve on SWAT teams, the present research examines the viewpoints of a sample…
Influence of motivation, self-beliefs, and instructional practices on science achievement of adolescents in Canada
School differences in adolescent health and wellbeing: Findings from the Canadian Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Study
Intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and academic achievement among Indian adolescents in Canada and India
A Gradient in Education Due to Health? Evidence from the Study of Health Behavior in School-Aged Children
Research exploring the relationship between education and health suggests that people with higher levels of schooling report better health. To emphasize health as a determinant of educational achievement, this article establishes a gradient in education by health among Canadian students. Using data from the 2006 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study, the relationship between self-rated health and achievement is examined for 8,626 …
Test-Takers’ Background, Literacy Activities, and Views of the Ontario Secondary School Literacy Test
This study examined the relationships among students’ background information and their in-school and after-school literacy activities, as well as the relationships between students’ background and their views of the Ontario Secondary School Literacy Test (OSSLT). The results showed that students’ literacy activities could be grouped into three types: e-literacy, traditional literacy, and creative literacy. Furthermore, results showed that categor…
Supporting Knowledge Translation Through Evaluation: Evaluator as Knowledge Broker
The evaluation literature has focused on the evaluation of knowledge translation activities, but to date there is little, if any, record of attempts to use evaluation in support of knowledge translation. This study sought to answer the question: How can an evaluation be designed to facilitate knowledge translation? A single prospective case study design was employed. An evaluation of a memory clinic within a primary care setting in Ontario, Canad…
Motivation and Test Anxiety in Test Performance Across Three Testing Contexts: The Cael , CET , and Gept
This study examined test‐takers' motivation, test anxiety, and test performance across a range of social and educational contexts in three high‐stakes language tests: the Canadian Academic English Language ( CAEL ) Assessment in Canada, the College English Test ( CET ) in the People's Republic of China, and the General English Proficiency Test ( GEPT ) in Taiwan. The researchers issued a questionnaire exploring motivation, test anxiety, and perce…
Relationships among school climate, school safety, and student achievement and well‐being: A review of the literature
School climate, safety and well‐being of students are important antecedents of academic achievement. However, school members do not necessarily experience school climate in the same way; rather, their subjective perceptions of the environment and personal characteristics influence individual outcomes and behaviours. Therefore, a closer look at the relationship between school climate, safety, well‐being of students and student learning is needed. …
A qualitative study of Indian and Indian immigrant adolescents’ perceptions of the factors affecting their engagement and performance in school
Pisa and Education Reform in Europe: Cases of Policy Inertia, Avoidance, and Refraction
The present analysis examined the relationship between PISA results and their influence on policy development within a select group of European nations which included Estonia, Italy, France, and Finland. These countries reflect four distinct outcomes in relation to PISA results: (1) high achievement and high equity (Estonia); (2) stagnant performance (Italy); (3) low achievement and low equity (France); and (4) a negative equity trend (Finland). …
Academic Resilience During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Triarchic Analysis of Education Policy Developments across Canada
This study employed a qualitative content analysis of provincial policy documents, following deductive methods, to examine academic resilience and education policy developments across Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic. More specifically, the study explicates the nature and scope of provincial policy responses to the global pandemic that address academic issues, physical health and well-being, and mental health issues for K–12 students. The pan-…
Assessing Learning Skills and Work Habits: What Do Report Card Data Tell Us
Many school systems ask teachers to assess and report upon aspects of student performance beyond academic achievement. In Ontario, K–12 teachers assess a common set of six Learning Skills and Work Habits. How well teachers are able to undertake these assessments is not well studied. This study examines Grade 9 and 12 report card data from two districts in Ontario, Canada to determine to what extent different learning skills are assessed independe…
Pisa, global reference societies, and policy borrowing: The promises and pitfalls of ‘academic resilience’
The Programme in International Student Assessment (PISA) has become the prominent method of international comparison of the achievement of 15-year-old children in reading, mathematics, and science. Recently, the OECD, which administers PISA, has devoted a great deal of energy promoting the notion of “academic resilience”—which refers to the capacity of individuals to prosper despite encountering adverse circumstances. Countries are compared and c…
Leveraging AI to enhance learning
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, such as ChatGPT, have ushered in a new digital era that presents formidable challenges related to cheating and plagiarism in the classroom. Although many school systems have reacted by banning AI language models and related applications, these technologies present opportunities to leverage formative assessment practices to enable students to demonstrate more complex and valued learning outcomes. Using th…
Psychology (24 works) · Mathematics education (12 works) · Pedagogy (11 works) · Political science (10 works) · Social Psychology (10 works) · Medicine (9 works) · Academic achievement (8 works) · Sociology (8 works) · Criminology (7 works) · Social Psychology (7 works)