Patrick Webb
Biographic Data
| ID | 3586029 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Patrick Webb |
| GIVEN NAMES | Patrick |
| FAMILY NAME | Webb |
| SIGNATURE | WEBB P |
| AFFILIATIONS | Tufts University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9857-3354 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 57 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 317 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 57 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1993 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
The Risk of Co-offending at Shopping Malls
Research suggests that co-offending among juveniles can be problematic. Few studies examine how specific locations moderate the relationship between age, co-offending, and subsequent violence. Using the National Incident-Based Reporting System (2016–2020), this study will analyze the influence of age on the impact of solo and co-offending in shopping malls while considering situational factors that affect victim injuries. By treating the shopping…
Optimisation tools for meeting nutrient requirements of Indian children and adults at optimal cost
Objective: To present a tool and examine the minimum cost of a healthy and diverse diet that meets the daily requirements of essential nutrients for the people of India, using interactive web-based tools. Design: Linear-programming algorithms were adapted into two web-based tools: a Food Optimisation for Population (FOP) tool and a Diet Optimisation Tool (DOT). The FOP optimises daily food choices at a population level, considering local food con…
Women's input and decision-making in agriculture are associated with diet quality in rural Tanzania
Background: Women's empowerment is one critical pathway through which agriculture can impact women's nutrition; however, empirical evidence is still limited. We evaluated the associations of women's participation, input, and decision-making in key agricultural and household activities with women's diet quality. Methods: We analyzed data from a cross-sectional study of 870 women engaged in homestead agriculture. We used food frequency questionnair…
Deteriorating complementary feeding practices and dietary quality in Jordan
Quality complementary feeding (CF) of infants and young children is key to their growth and development. But in Jordan, providing appropriate CF remains a challenge. This study assesses trends in infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices, and consumption by infants and young children aged 6-23 months of breast milk substitutes (BMSs), sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), and micronutrient-rich foods in Jordan from 1990 to 2017. We combined die…
Child stunting starts in utero
Childhood stunting remains a public health burden worldwide. Although many studies have examined early life and in-utero risk factors; most have been observational and have used analytic techniques that make inferences limited to population means, thereby obscuring important within-group variations. This study addressed that important gap. Using data from a birth cohort of Ugandan infants (n = 4528), we applied group-based trajectory modelling to…
How do children with severe underweight and wasting respond to treatment? A pooled secondary data analysis to inform future intervention studies
Children with weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) <-3 have a high risk of death, yet this indicator is not widely used in nutrition treatment programming. This pooled secondary data analysis of children aged 6-59 months aimed to examine the prevalence, treatment outcomes, and growth trajectories of children with WAZ <-3 versus children with WAZ ≥-3 receiving outpatient treatment for wasting and/or nutritional oedema, to inform future protocols. Binary t…
Exposure to multiple mycotoxins, environmental enteric dysfunction and child growth
Evidence of the impact of exposure to multiple mycotoxins and environment enteric dysfunction (EED) on child growth is limited. Using data from a birth cohort study, the objectives of this study were to (a) quantify exposure to multiple mycotoxins (serum aflatoxin [AFB 1 ] and ochratoxin A [OTA], urinary fumonisin [UFB 1 ] and deoxynivalenol [DON]), as well EED (lactulose:mannitol [L:M] ratio); (b) examine the potential combined effects of multip…
Effects of Iron and Vitamin A Levels on Pregnant Women and Birth Outcomes
gov as NCT04233944
Global Dietary Database 2017
BACKGROUND: We aimed to systematically identify, standardise and disseminate individual-level dietary intake surveys from up to 207 countries for 54 foods, beverages and nutrients, including subnational intakes by age, sex, education and urban/rural residence, from 1980 to 2015. METHODS: Between 2008-2011 and 2014-2020, the Global Dietary Database (GDD) project systematically searched for surveys assessing individual-level intake worldwide. We pr…
Consumption of animal source foods, especially fish, is associated with better nutritional status among women of reproductive age in rural Bangladesh
In rural Bangladesh, intake of nutrient-rich foods, such as animal source foods (ASFs), is generally suboptimal. Diets low in nutrients and lacking in diversity put women of reproductive age (WRA) at risk of malnutrition as well as adverse birth outcomes. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between maternal dietary diversity, consumption of specific food groups and markers of nutritional status, including underweight [body …
Prenatal dietary diversity may influence underweight in infants in a Ugandan birth‐cohort
Growth faltering in early childhood is prevalent in many low resource countries. Poor maternal dietary diversity during pregnancy has been linked with increased risk of fetal growth failure and adverse birth outcomes but may also influence subsequent infant growth. Our aim is to assess the role of prenatal maternal dietary diversity in infant growth in rural Uganda. Data from 3291 women and infant pairs enrolled in a birth cohort from 2014 to 201…
The color of confinement
The critical race theory has been predictive of how minority youth are treated in the juvenile and criminal justice systems in the United States. However, the theory has not been applied in explaining the existence of wrongful convictions among juveniles. Using secondary data derived from the National Exoneration Registry, the purpose of this study is to identify specific factors (e.g., DNA evidence, etc.) related to the wrongful convictions of B…
Multisectoral community development in Nepal has greater effects on child growth and diet than nutrition education alone
Objective: To compare the impact on child diet and growth of a multisectoral community intervention v . nutrition education and livestock management training alone. Design: Longitudinal community-based randomized trial involving three groups of villages assigned to receive: (i) Full Package community development activities, delivered via women’s groups; (ii) livestock training and nutrition education alone (Partial Package); or (iii) no intervent…
Gender, time-use, and energy expenditures in rural communities in India and Nepal
Women’s patterns of time-use, which proxy the work burdens associated with productive and reproductive activities, are an important determinant of nutrition and well-being in LMICs. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence on how patterns of time-use translate into patterns of physical activity and energy expenditure, particularly in rural areas where seasonal agricultural labour plays such an important role. We address this gap by integrat…
Drudgery reduction, physical activity and energy requirements in rural livelihoods
Prevalence thresholds for wasting, overweight and stunting in children under 5 years
Objective Prevalence ranges to classify levels of wasting and stunting have been used since the 1990s for global monitoring of malnutrition. Recent developments prompted a re-examination of existing ranges and development of new ones for childhood overweight. The present paper reports from the WHO–UNICEF Technical Expert Advisory Group on Nutrition Monitoring. Design Thresholds were developed in relation to sd of the normative WHO Child Growth St…
Effects of animal protein supplementation of mothers, preterm infants, and term infants on growth outcomes in childhood
Stigma and Status at an HBCU
The existence of race-based stigma among minority populations in the United States has been well-documented. Notably, the acting White accusation has garnered considerable attention in relation to the African American population. Interestingly, studies related to this accusation have been primarily centered around Black students at Predominately White Institutions. Comparably, a focus on African American college students at Historically Black Col…
Maternal aflatoxin exposure during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes in Uganda
Aflatoxins are toxic metabolites of Aspergillus moulds and are widespread in the food supply, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Both in utero and infant exposure to aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ) have been linked to poor child growth and development. The objective of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the association between maternal aflatoxin exposure during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes, primarily lower birth weight…
Birthweight and feeding practices are associated with child growth outcomes in South Asia
Although there has been a focus on preventing stunting over the past decade, wasting has received less policy and programmatic attention. Recent national surveys from six South Asian countries were pooled to generate a dataset of 62,509 children aged 0 to 59 months to explore associations between low birthweight (LBW) and suboptimal infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices with child wasting, severe wasting, and the co-occurrence of wastin…
Education and micronutrient deficiencies
While relationships between maternal schooling and micronutrient outcomes vary around the globe, more schooling is generally linked to lower rates of deficiency. These findings draw policy-relevant connections between formal education and anemia and micronutrient status globally. It is necessary to examine the mechanisms through which this relationship may be working at both household and country level
Hidden hunger in South Asia
‘Hidden hunger’ is a term used to describe human deficiencies of key vitamins and minerals, also known as micronutrients. While global in scale, the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies is particularly high in South Asia despite recent successes in economic growth, agricultural output and health care. The present paper reviews the most recent evidence on patterns and trends of hidden hunger across the region, with a focus on the most signific…
Designing programs to improve diets for maternal and child health
Improving maternal and child nutrition in resource-poor settings requires effective use of limited resources, but priority-setting is constrained by limited information about program costs and impacts, especially for interventions designed to improve diet quality. This study utilized a mixed methods approach to identify, describe and estimate the potential costs and impacts on child dietary intake of 12 nutrition-sensitive programs in Ethiopia, N…
A Potential Case of Linguistic Prejudice
Prioritizing research for integrated implementation of early childhood development and maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health and nutrition platforms
BACKGROUND: Existing health and nutrition services present potential platforms for scaling up delivery of early childhood development (ECD) interventions within sensitive windows across the life course, especially in the first 1000 days from conception to age 2 years. However, there is insufficient knowledge on how to optimize implementation for such strategies in an integrated manner. In light of this knowledge gap, we aimed to systematically id…
Nonfarm income diversification and household livelihood strategies in rural Africa
The dynamics of livelihood diversification in post-famine Ethiopia
A Measure of Uncertainty
Terms such as 'vulnerability' and 'insecurity' are used widely in the general nutrition literature as well as in work on humanitarian response. Yet these words are used rather loosely. This paper argues that more clarity in their usage would benefit those seeking a bridge between development and humanitarian problems. Since vulnerability is not fully coincident with malnutrition, poverty or other conventional indices of human deprivation, public …
Sustaining healthy diets
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) agenda makes achieving food security and ending malnutrition a global priority. Within this framework, the importance of fisheries in local and global food systems and its contribution to nutrition and health, particularly for the poor are overlooked and undervalued. This paper reviews current fish production and consumption from capture fisheries and aquaculture, highlights opportunities for enhancing hea…
Gender, time-use, and energy expenditures in rural communities in India and Nepal
Women’s patterns of time-use, which proxy the work burdens associated with productive and reproductive activities, are an important determinant of nutrition and well-being in LMICs. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence on how patterns of time-use translate into patterns of physical activity and energy expenditure, particularly in rural areas where seasonal agricultural labour plays such an important role. We address this gap by integrat…
Fit for purpose? Rethinking food security responses in protracted humanitarian crises
Nutrition Information and Formal Schooling as Inputs to Child Nutrition
Guests of the Crown
In the late 1700s, one of Britain's colonial outposts in The Gambia was considered for use as a major penal colony. This idea was scrapped in favour of its use, in the early 1800s, as a resettlement site for slaves intercepted in the Atlantic and repatriated to Africa's shore. This paper examines the experience of the experimental resettlement programme and draws parallels with problems of refugee resettlement in contemporary Africa
The Impact of Prime Age Adult Mortality on Child Survival and Growth in Rural Ethiopia
How are we doing on poverty and hunger reduction? A new measure of country performance
The role of labour in household food security
Coping with Drought and Food Insecurity in Ethiopia
In this article I examine the impact of drought on farm households in Ethiopia and their response to crisis conditions. I ask whether every household in a community is equally affected by drought and what households do to mitigate the effects of drought and associated food insecurity. Information on production, income and food consumption is disaggregated by agroecological zone (highland and lowland), and by socioeconomic strata (relatively wealt…
Famine in Africa
Designing programs to improve diets for maternal and child health
Improving maternal and child nutrition in resource-poor settings requires effective use of limited resources, but priority-setting is constrained by limited information about program costs and impacts, especially for interventions designed to improve diet quality. This study utilized a mixed methods approach to identify, describe and estimate the potential costs and impacts on child dietary intake of 12 nutrition-sensitive programs in Ethiopia, N…
Prospective analysis of the development of the national nutrition agenda in Vietnam from 2006 to 2008
Improved understanding of how to advance national nutrition policy is critical to ensure greater policy investments in nutrition. We used a participant-observer, change-agent model to prospectively study why and how national nutrition policy advanced in Vietnam between 2006 and 2008. Our goal was to understand strategies used, factors that shaped policy advancement, and the interaction of strategies with factors in this context. Data were collect…
Famine as the Outcome of Political Production and Market Failures
Famines are not explainable as short-term crisis events; they are more a function of long-term trends resulting from a failure of policy to deal appropriately with demographic, environmental, productivity, and political pressures, all of which make segments of society and regions highly vulnerable to exogenous shocks. Optimal strategies for famine prevention must, therefore, build on a recognition that institutions and their policies play a key r…
Famine as the Outcome of Political Production and Market Failures
Famines are not explainable as short-term crisis events; they are more a function of long-term trends resulting from a failure of policy to deal appropriately with demographic, environmental, productivity, and political pressures, all of which make segments of society and regions highly vulnerable to exogenous shocks. Optimal strategies for famine prevention must, therefore, build on a recognition that institutions and their policies play a key r…
Coping with Drought and Food Insecurity in Ethiopia
In this article I examine the impact of drought on farm households in Ethiopia and their response to crisis conditions. I ask whether every household in a community is equally affected by drought and what households do to mitigate the effects of drought and associated food insecurity. Information on production, income and food consumption is disaggregated by agroecological zone (highland and lowland), and by socioeconomic strata (relatively wealt…
The role of labour in household food security
Guests of the Crown
In the late 1700s, one of Britain's colonial outposts in The Gambia was considered for use as a major penal colony. This idea was scrapped in favour of its use, in the early 1800s, as a resettlement site for slaves intercepted in the Atlantic and repatriated to Africa's shore. This paper examines the experience of the experimental resettlement programme and draws parallels with problems of refugee resettlement in contemporary Africa
A Measure of Uncertainty
Terms such as 'vulnerability' and 'insecurity' are used widely in the general nutrition literature as well as in work on humanitarian response. Yet these words are used rather loosely. This paper argues that more clarity in their usage would benefit those seeking a bridge between development and humanitarian problems. Since vulnerability is not fully coincident with malnutrition, poverty or other conventional indices of human deprivation, public …
Famine in Africa
Nonfarm income diversification and household livelihood strategies in rural Africa
Scaling Up, Scaling Down
The dynamics of livelihood diversification in post-famine Ethiopia
Famine in Africa
Though famine has affected many parts of the world in the twentieth century, the conditions that produce famine—extreme poverty, armed conflict, economic and political turmoil, and climate shocks—are now most prevalent in Africa. Researchers differ on how to address this problem effectively, but their arguments are often not informed by empirical analysis from a famine context. Broadening current theories and models of development for conquering …
Macro shocks and micro outcomes
Nutrition Information and Formal Schooling as Inputs to Child Nutrition
Measuring Household Food Insecurity
Commonalities in the Experience of Household Food Insecurity across Cultures
Predicting Pre-Adjudicatory Detention Decisions
Findings from studies examining the impact of legal and extralegal characteristics in determining pre-adjudicatory detention within the juvenile justice system have been inconsistent. Logistic regression was used to examine the independent, and interaction, effects of certain legal and extralegal factors in the decision to detain juveniles in counties in two Northeastern states. The results suggest race continues to exert a significant effect on …
How are we doing on poverty and hunger reduction? A new measure of country performance
Geographic variations and temporal trends of Salmonella-associated hospitalization in the U.S. elderly, 1991-2004
The impact of HACCP was geographically different. South Atlantic, East South Central, and West South Central divisions should be targeted in further Salmonella preventive programs. Further research is needed to identify the best program type and timing of implementation
Fit for purpose? Rethinking food security responses in protracted humanitarian crises
The Impact of Prime Age Adult Mortality on Child Survival and Growth in Rural Ethiopia
Up in Smoke
This paper explores the impact of expenditure on smoking products in low‐income households on child nutrition, as mediated via reduced food expenditure. On the basis of data from a large household survey in rural Indonesia, the study finds that low‐income households containing at least one smoker tend to divert a significant amount of scarce income to tobacco products and that relatively more of the diversion is drawn from food than from nonfood …
Patterns of Protozoan Infections
The effect of prime age adult mortality on household composition and consumption in rural Ethiopia
Seasonal Patterns of Gastrointestinal Illness and Streamflow along the Ohio River
Waterborne gastrointestinal (GI) illnesses demonstrate seasonal increases associated with water quality and meteorological characteristics. However, few studies have been conducted on the association of hydrological parameters, such as streamflow, and seasonality of GI illnesses. Streamflow is correlated with biological contamination and can be used as proxy for drinking water contamination. We compare seasonal patterns of GI illnesses in the eld…
Prospective analysis of the development of the national nutrition agenda in Vietnam from 2006 to 2008
Improved understanding of how to advance national nutrition policy is critical to ensure greater policy investments in nutrition. We used a participant-observer, change-agent model to prospectively study why and how national nutrition policy advanced in Vietnam between 2006 and 2008. Our goal was to understand strategies used, factors that shaped policy advancement, and the interaction of strategies with factors in this context. Data were collect…
Evidence-based interventions for improvement of maternal and child nutrition
Medicine (37 works) · Child Nutrition and Water Access (33 works) · Environmental health (26 works) · Economics (25 works) · Geography (22 works) · Economic growth (18 works) · Business (16 works) · Political science (15 works) · Agriculture (14 works) · Demography (13 works)