Siddharth Chandra
Biographic Data
| ID | 3609954 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Siddharth Chandra |
| GIVEN NAMES | Siddharth |
| FAMILY NAME | Chandra |
| SIGNATURE | CHANDRA S |
| AFFILIATIONS | Michigan State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9243-556X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 30 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 85 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 30 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1996 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
A Novel Method for Measuring the Extent of Cocaine Flows Across the U.S
We propose a novel method to measure the spatial extent of cocaine flows in the US using data on the price and purity of cocaine observed in drug seizures or undercover drug purchases. We then compare the cocaine trafficking network extracted using this method to anecdotal knowledge about cocaine flows using network analytic methods. Based on the network analysis, the trafficking networks inferred from price and purity data appear to be more elab…
Deviation in the Age Structure of Mortality as an Indicator of Covid-19 Pandemic Severity
Objectives. To test whether distortions in the age distribution of deaths can track pandemic activity. Methods. We compared weekly distributions of all-cause deaths by age during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States from March to December 2020 with corresponding prepandemic weekly baseline distributions derived from data for 2015 to 2019. We measured distortions via Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K-S) and χ 2 goodness-of-fit statistics as well as deat…
Pandemic Reemergence and Four Waves of Excess Mortality Coinciding With the 1918 Influenza Pandemic in Michigan
The global influenza pandemic that emerged in 1918 has become the event of reference for a broad spectrum of policymakers seeking to learn from the past. This article sheds light on multiple waves of excess mortality that occurred in the US state of Michigan at the time with insights into how epidemics might evolve and propagate across space and time. We analyzed original monthly data on all-cause deaths by county for the 83 counties of Michigan …
Tracking Pandemic Severity Using Data on the Age Structure of Mortality
Objectives. To test whether distortions in the age structure of mortality during the 1918 influenza pandemic in Michigan tracked the severity of the pandemic. Methods. We calculated monthly excess deaths during the period of 1918 to 1920 by using monthly data on all-cause deaths for the period of 1912 to 1920 in Michigan. Next, we measured distortions in the age distribution of deaths by using the Kuiper goodness-of-fit test statistic comparing t…
Connectivity and seasonality
The goal of this article is to demonstrate the value of a global perspective on pandemics for understanding how global pandemics caused by novel viruses can unfold. Using the example of the 1918 influenza pandemic, two factors that were central to the evolving pattern of global pandemic waves, connectivity and seasonality, are explored. Examples of the influences of these factors on pandemic waves in different locations are presented. Viewing the…
Following the price
International cocaine trafficking has been well-studied, but little is known about cocaine flows within Colombia, the largest producer and exporter of cocaine in the world. Using a unique dataset on the monthly wholesale prices of cocaine across 32 municipios in 2016, this paper estimates patterns of flows of cocaine within Colombia. For the 496 possible resulting pairs of municipios, price differentials are used to infer direction of flow, and p…
Economic Change in Modern Indonesia
New Findings on the Indonesian Killings of 1965-66
The anti-communist killings of 1965-66 comprised the single most traumatic political event in independent Indonesia, with a consensus estimate of approximately 500,000 deaths. However, these estimates, along with a geographic and political characterization of the killings, have been informed exclusively by anecdotal accounts. In this article, available census data are used in conjunction with demographic analysis to provide a comprehensive and sy…
How MDMA flows across the USA
This study uses wholesale prices of MDMA for 59 cities in the USA published by the National Drug Intelligence Center (NDIC) over the period of 2002–2011 to identify trafficking patterns of MDMA. Price differentials and correlations between pairs of cities are used to infer the presence of a link and the direction of flow of MDMA. The presence of inward and outward links is used to categorise each city as a ‘source’, ‘destination’, ‘transit’, or ‘…
Transnational cocaine and heroin flow networks in western Europe
Reassessing the Links between Regime Type and Economic Performance
This analysis challenges claims that regime type determines national economic performance, and hypothesizes that the level of public deliberation, rather than broad categories of regime type, is the driver of national economic performance across political systems; specifically, that negotiations, disagreements, and compromises between decentralized decision-making partisans (e.g., citizens, business representatives, professional associations, lab…
Fertility Decline and the 1918 Influenza Pandemic in Taiwan
The impact of the 1918 influenza pandemic on human fertility has been subject to significant scholarly debate. The current study characterizes the inter-temporal association between excess deaths during the pandemic and the subsequent birth deficit by identifying the length of time between these two phenomena using cross-correlations of monthly death and birth data from Taiwan from 1906 to 1943. The analysis demonstrates a strong and negative cor…
The 1918 influenza pandemic and subsequent birth deficit in Japan
Recent research has documented fertility decline after the peak of pandemic-associated mortality during the 1918 influenza pandemic. Yet the time interval between the mortality peak and the dip in fertility and its contributing mechanisms remains a line of
What the price data tell us about heroin flows across Europe
Using data from the World Drug Reports on wholesale prices for heroin for 17 European countries over the period 2000–2008, patterns of heroin flows across Europe are constructed. For any pair of countries, heroin markets are inferred to be linked if the heroin price correlations exceed a threshold that is determined by calibration to sparsely available anecdotal information on these flows. For any pair of linked markets, heroin is inferred to flo…
Mortality from the influenza pandemic of 1918-19 in Indonesia
The influenza pandemic of 1918-19 was the single most lethal short-term epidemic of the twentieth century. For Indonesia, the world's fourth most populous country, the most widely used estimate of mortality from that pandemic is 1.5 million. We estimated mortality from the influenza pandemic in Java and Madura, home to the majority of Indonesia's population, using panel data methods and data from multiple quinquennial population counts and two de…
Mortality From the Influenza Pandemic of 1918–1919
Estimates of worldwide mortality from the influenza pandemic of 1918–1919 vary widely, from 15 million to 100 million. In terms of loss of life, India was the focal point of this profound demographic event. In this article, we calculate mortality from the influenza pandemic in India using panel data models and data from the Census of India. The new estimates suggest that for the districts included in the sample, mortality was at most 13.88 millio…
Crossing disciplinary boundaries
The "Revolution of Rising Expectations," Relative Deprivation, and the Urban Social Disorders of the 1960s
This essay analyzes the economic conditions associated with urban social disturbances in the United States in the 1960s. Using state-level data on the social disturbances in conjunction with census data from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series, the analysis tests the relationship between measures of wage inequality and measures of social disorder. In conjunction with accounts of the unrest, the findings support the rising expectations hypo…
The “Revolution of Rising Expectations,” Relative Deprivation, and the Urban Social Disorders of the 1960s
This essay analyzes the economic conditions associated with urban social disturbances in the United States in the 1960s. Using state-level data on the social disturbances in conjunction with census data from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series, the analysis tests the relationship between measures of wage inequality and measures of social disorder. In conjunction with accounts of the unrest, the findings support the rising expectations hypo…
Courtage international et institutions floues
L’étude de la politique étrangère, de l’aide au développement et des relations internationales tend à se concentrer sur l’analyse des alternatives politiques. Pourtant, les modalités selon lesquelles s’organisent les relations entre les parties prenantes ainsi que les courtiers qui leur servent d’intermédiaires culturels peuvent très largement influencer les résultats des politiques, voire en contrarier les objectifs. Les liens américano-russes q…
The Role of Government Policy in Increasing Drug Use
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Race, Inequality, and Anti-Chinese Violence in the Netherlands Indies
The Role of Female Industrial Labor in the Late Colonial Netherlands Indies
See Department van Kolonien, Koloniaal Verslag ( 's-Gravenhage, 1918-1925), henceforth referred to as the Colonial Reports.These tables are in the Bijlagen or Appendices which form the "Statistical Overview," the second part of the Colonial Reports for this time period.Specifically, these are, for 1918,1920,1921, and 1922, Bijlage GG, for 1919 and 1923, Bijlage FF, and for 1924, Bijlage BB.The choice of years was based on their location in time (…
Generating Reforms and Reforming Generations
This article examines the importance of the internal structural dynamics of the military in the analysis of transitions from nondemocratic rule and in democratic consolidation. The authors argues that factors endogenous to the military—including variations in the size of the officer corps, solidarity among graduating classes from the military academy, and promotional prospects—are important determinants of the political behavior of militaries. As…
Pricing the Planet
Reassessing the Links between Regime Type and Economic Performance
This analysis challenges claims that regime type determines national economic performance, and hypothesizes that the level of public deliberation, rather than broad categories of regime type, is the driver of national economic performance across political systems; specifically, that negotiations, disagreements, and compromises between decentralized decision-making partisans (e.g., citizens, business representatives, professional associations, lab…
Mortality From the Influenza Pandemic of 1918–1919
Estimates of worldwide mortality from the influenza pandemic of 1918–1919 vary widely, from 15 million to 100 million. In terms of loss of life, India was the focal point of this profound demographic event. In this article, we calculate mortality from the influenza pandemic in India using panel data models and data from the Census of India. The new estimates suggest that for the districts included in the sample, mortality was at most 13.88 millio…
The 1918 influenza pandemic and subsequent birth deficit in Japan
Recent research has documented fertility decline after the peak of pandemic-associated mortality during the 1918 influenza pandemic. Yet the time interval between the mortality peak and the dip in fertility and its contributing mechanisms remains a line of
Mortality from the influenza pandemic of 1918-19 in Indonesia
The influenza pandemic of 1918-19 was the single most lethal short-term epidemic of the twentieth century. For Indonesia, the world's fourth most populous country, the most widely used estimate of mortality from that pandemic is 1.5 million. We estimated mortality from the influenza pandemic in Java and Madura, home to the majority of Indonesia's population, using panel data methods and data from multiple quinquennial population counts and two de…
Generating Reforms and Reforming Generations
This article examines the importance of the internal structural dynamics of the military in the analysis of transitions from nondemocratic rule and in democratic consolidation. The authors argues that factors endogenous to the military—including variations in the size of the officer corps, solidarity among graduating classes from the military academy, and promotional prospects—are important determinants of the political behavior of militaries. As…
New Findings on the Indonesian Killings of 1965-66
The anti-communist killings of 1965-66 comprised the single most traumatic political event in independent Indonesia, with a consensus estimate of approximately 500,000 deaths. However, these estimates, along with a geographic and political characterization of the killings, have been informed exclusively by anecdotal accounts. In this article, available census data are used in conjunction with demographic analysis to provide a comprehensive and sy…
What the Numbers Really Tell Us about the Decline of the Opium Regie
Recent quantitative econom ic studies by Dutch scholars suggest th at conscious governm ent policy succeeded in diminishing the scourge of opium in the N etherlands Indies.These studies are in stark contrast to qualitative research by Am erican scholars, w hich su g g ests the dom inance of the p ro fit m otive in the im plem entation of governm ent policy tow ard opium .In this pap er, it is shown th at the quantitative evidence, w hen analyzed …
Indonesia's Industrial Transformation
Pandemic Reemergence and Four Waves of Excess Mortality Coinciding With the 1918 Influenza Pandemic in Michigan
The global influenza pandemic that emerged in 1918 has become the event of reference for a broad spectrum of policymakers seeking to learn from the past. This article sheds light on multiple waves of excess mortality that occurred in the US state of Michigan at the time with insights into how epidemics might evolve and propagate across space and time. We analyzed original monthly data on all-cause deaths by county for the 83 counties of Michigan …
Fertility Decline and the 1918 Influenza Pandemic in Taiwan
The impact of the 1918 influenza pandemic on human fertility has been subject to significant scholarly debate. The current study characterizes the inter-temporal association between excess deaths during the pandemic and the subsequent birth deficit by identifying the length of time between these two phenomena using cross-correlations of monthly death and birth data from Taiwan from 1906 to 1943. The analysis demonstrates a strong and negative cor…
Race, Inequality, and Anti-Chinese Violence in the Netherlands Indies
The Indonesian Economy since 1966
Following the price
International cocaine trafficking has been well-studied, but little is known about cocaine flows within Colombia, the largest producer and exporter of cocaine in the world. Using a unique dataset on the monthly wholesale prices of cocaine across 32 municipios in 2016, this paper estimates patterns of flows of cocaine within Colombia. For the 496 possible resulting pairs of municipios, price differentials are used to infer direction of flow, and p…
Tracking Pandemic Severity Using Data on the Age Structure of Mortality
Objectives. To test whether distortions in the age structure of mortality during the 1918 influenza pandemic in Michigan tracked the severity of the pandemic. Methods. We calculated monthly excess deaths during the period of 1918 to 1920 by using monthly data on all-cause deaths for the period of 1912 to 1920 in Michigan. Next, we measured distortions in the age distribution of deaths by using the Kuiper goodness-of-fit test statistic comparing t…
Connectivity and seasonality
The goal of this article is to demonstrate the value of a global perspective on pandemics for understanding how global pandemics caused by novel viruses can unfold. Using the example of the 1918 influenza pandemic, two factors that were central to the evolving pattern of global pandemic waves, connectivity and seasonality, are explored. Examples of the influences of these factors on pandemic waves in different locations are presented. Viewing the…
What the price data tell us about heroin flows across Europe
Using data from the World Drug Reports on wholesale prices for heroin for 17 European countries over the period 2000–2008, patterns of heroin flows across Europe are constructed. For any pair of countries, heroin markets are inferred to be linked if the heroin price correlations exceed a threshold that is determined by calibration to sparsely available anecdotal information on these flows. For any pair of linked markets, heroin is inferred to flo…
Crossing disciplinary boundaries
The "Revolution of Rising Expectations," Relative Deprivation, and the Urban Social Disorders of the 1960s
This essay analyzes the economic conditions associated with urban social disturbances in the United States in the 1960s. Using state-level data on the social disturbances in conjunction with census data from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series, the analysis tests the relationship between measures of wage inequality and measures of social disorder. In conjunction with accounts of the unrest, the findings support the rising expectations hypo…
The Role of Government Policy in Increasing Drug Use
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Change and Involution in Sugar Production in Cultivation-System Java, 1840-1870
Production functions for sugar in four major sugar-producing zones in Cultivation- System Java (1840 through 1870) are estimated using colonial data. The estimates are analyzed for evidence of structural change in the years from 1848 to 1851. The results confirm that the colonial reforms of those years were accompanied by significant changes in sugar production: the results are also consistent with the thesis of "agricultural involution" in Java.…
The Indonesian Economy since 1966
Indonesia's Industrial Transformation
Change and Involution in Sugar Production in Cultivation-System Java, 1840-1870
Production functions for sugar in four major sugar-producing zones in Cultivation- System Java (1840 through 1870) are estimated using colonial data. The estimates are analyzed for evidence of structural change in the years from 1848 to 1851. The results confirm that the colonial reforms of those years were accompanied by significant changes in sugar production: the results are also consistent with the thesis of "agricultural involution" in Java.…
What the Numbers Really Tell Us about the Decline of the Opium Regie
Recent quantitative econom ic studies by Dutch scholars suggest th at conscious governm ent policy succeeded in diminishing the scourge of opium in the N etherlands Indies.These studies are in stark contrast to qualitative research by Am erican scholars, w hich su g g ests the dom inance of the p ro fit m otive in the im plem entation of governm ent policy tow ard opium .In this pap er, it is shown th at the quantitative evidence, w hen analyzed …
Pricing the Planet
American Sugar Kingdom
To date, the literature on colonial plantation economies in general, and those of the Spanish Caribbean in particular, has emphasized continuity in economic organization that persisted through changes in colonial powers. The central claim of César Ayala's book is that, contrary to this prior emphasis, changes in colonial powers brought with them profound changes in the economic organization of some colonial plantation economies. Hence the end res…
The Role of Government Policy in Increasing Drug Use
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Race, Inequality, and Anti-Chinese Violence in the Netherlands Indies
The Role of Female Industrial Labor in the Late Colonial Netherlands Indies
See Department van Kolonien, Koloniaal Verslag ( 's-Gravenhage, 1918-1925), henceforth referred to as the Colonial Reports.These tables are in the Bijlagen or Appendices which form the "Statistical Overview," the second part of the Colonial Reports for this time period.Specifically, these are, for 1918,1920,1921, and 1922, Bijlage GG, for 1919 and 1923, Bijlage FF, and for 1924, Bijlage BB.The choice of years was based on their location in time (…
Generating Reforms and Reforming Generations
This article examines the importance of the internal structural dynamics of the military in the analysis of transitions from nondemocratic rule and in democratic consolidation. The authors argues that factors endogenous to the military—including variations in the size of the officer corps, solidarity among graduating classes from the military academy, and promotional prospects—are important determinants of the political behavior of militaries. As…
Courtage international et institutions floues
L’étude de la politique étrangère, de l’aide au développement et des relations internationales tend à se concentrer sur l’analyse des alternatives politiques. Pourtant, les modalités selon lesquelles s’organisent les relations entre les parties prenantes ainsi que les courtiers qui leur servent d’intermédiaires culturels peuvent très largement influencer les résultats des politiques, voire en contrarier les objectifs. Les liens américano-russes q…
The "Revolution of Rising Expectations," Relative Deprivation, and the Urban Social Disorders of the 1960s
This essay analyzes the economic conditions associated with urban social disturbances in the United States in the 1960s. Using state-level data on the social disturbances in conjunction with census data from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series, the analysis tests the relationship between measures of wage inequality and measures of social disorder. In conjunction with accounts of the unrest, the findings support the rising expectations hypo…
The “Revolution of Rising Expectations,” Relative Deprivation, and the Urban Social Disorders of the 1960s
This essay analyzes the economic conditions associated with urban social disturbances in the United States in the 1960s. Using state-level data on the social disturbances in conjunction with census data from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series, the analysis tests the relationship between measures of wage inequality and measures of social disorder. In conjunction with accounts of the unrest, the findings support the rising expectations hypo…
Crossing disciplinary boundaries
Mortality From the Influenza Pandemic of 1918–1919
Estimates of worldwide mortality from the influenza pandemic of 1918–1919 vary widely, from 15 million to 100 million. In terms of loss of life, India was the focal point of this profound demographic event. In this article, we calculate mortality from the influenza pandemic in India using panel data models and data from the Census of India. The new estimates suggest that for the districts included in the sample, mortality was at most 13.88 millio…
What the price data tell us about heroin flows across Europe
Using data from the World Drug Reports on wholesale prices for heroin for 17 European countries over the period 2000–2008, patterns of heroin flows across Europe are constructed. For any pair of countries, heroin markets are inferred to be linked if the heroin price correlations exceed a threshold that is determined by calibration to sparsely available anecdotal information on these flows. For any pair of linked markets, heroin is inferred to flo…
Mortality from the influenza pandemic of 1918-19 in Indonesia
The influenza pandemic of 1918-19 was the single most lethal short-term epidemic of the twentieth century. For Indonesia, the world's fourth most populous country, the most widely used estimate of mortality from that pandemic is 1.5 million. We estimated mortality from the influenza pandemic in Java and Madura, home to the majority of Indonesia's population, using panel data methods and data from multiple quinquennial population counts and two de…
Transnational cocaine and heroin flow networks in western Europe
Reassessing the Links between Regime Type and Economic Performance
This analysis challenges claims that regime type determines national economic performance, and hypothesizes that the level of public deliberation, rather than broad categories of regime type, is the driver of national economic performance across political systems; specifically, that negotiations, disagreements, and compromises between decentralized decision-making partisans (e.g., citizens, business representatives, professional associations, lab…
Fertility Decline and the 1918 Influenza Pandemic in Taiwan
The impact of the 1918 influenza pandemic on human fertility has been subject to significant scholarly debate. The current study characterizes the inter-temporal association between excess deaths during the pandemic and the subsequent birth deficit by identifying the length of time between these two phenomena using cross-correlations of monthly death and birth data from Taiwan from 1906 to 1943. The analysis demonstrates a strong and negative cor…
The 1918 influenza pandemic and subsequent birth deficit in Japan
Recent research has documented fertility decline after the peak of pandemic-associated mortality during the 1918 influenza pandemic. Yet the time interval between the mortality peak and the dip in fertility and its contributing mechanisms remains a line of
How MDMA flows across the USA
This study uses wholesale prices of MDMA for 59 cities in the USA published by the National Drug Intelligence Center (NDIC) over the period of 2002–2011 to identify trafficking patterns of MDMA. Price differentials and correlations between pairs of cities are used to infer the presence of a link and the direction of flow of MDMA. The presence of inward and outward links is used to categorise each city as a ‘source’, ‘destination’, ‘transit’, or ‘…
Economic Change in Modern Indonesia
New Findings on the Indonesian Killings of 1965-66
The anti-communist killings of 1965-66 comprised the single most traumatic political event in independent Indonesia, with a consensus estimate of approximately 500,000 deaths. However, these estimates, along with a geographic and political characterization of the killings, have been informed exclusively by anecdotal accounts. In this article, available census data are used in conjunction with demographic analysis to provide a comprehensive and sy…
Following the price
International cocaine trafficking has been well-studied, but little is known about cocaine flows within Colombia, the largest producer and exporter of cocaine in the world. Using a unique dataset on the monthly wholesale prices of cocaine across 32 municipios in 2016, this paper estimates patterns of flows of cocaine within Colombia. For the 496 possible resulting pairs of municipios, price differentials are used to infer direction of flow, and p…
Economics (19 works) · Political science (13 works) · Sociology (13 works) · Geography (12 works) · Demography (11 works) · Asian Studies and History (9 works) · Medicine (9 works) · Psychology (9 works) · Disease (8 works) · Pandemic (8 works)