Phillips Cutright
Biographic Data
| ID | 3628528 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Phillips Cutright |
| GIVEN NAMES | Phillips |
| FAMILY NAME | Cutright |
| SIGNATURE | CUTRIGHT P |
| AFFILIATIONS | Indiana University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 84 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 657 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 84 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1958 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2021 |
| H-INDEX | 12 |
Suicidality and Sport in 41 Metropolitan areas, 2006-2007 and 2009-2010
Issues related to professional sport transcend far beyond the world of sport itself. Previous research on the topic of sport and suicide has found that a significant association exists between the success of professional sport teams and the well-being of people in general. Data on suicide rates in United States’ metropolitan areas were analyzed from 2006 to 2007 and from 2009 to 2010 to measure the association between suicide rates and the succes…
Cross-National Differences in Academic Achievement: Why the United States Lags behind Other Rich Nations
This article tests the hypothesis that national differences in academic achievement scores of 15-year-olds in 25 developed nations in 2003, 2006, and 2009 can be explained by national differences in national health and family economic security programs, levels of parental education, and national differences in motivation to strive for high levels of academic achievement. We also test for the additional impact, if any, of national differences in e…
Predictors of per Capita Alcohol Consumption and Gender-Specific Liver Cirrhosis Mortality Rates: Thirteen European Countries, Circa 1970–1984 and 1995–2007
Regression models of cross-national differences in social and economic predictors of per capita alcohol consumption and gender-specific cirrhosis mortality rates are developed for 13 European countries, first using 1970-1984 (period 1) data and then replicating with 1995-2007 (period 2) data. Regression analysis finds that stronger alcohol control policy laws and income inequality are highly significant predictors of consumption in both periods. …
Three Explanations of Marital Status Differences in Suicide Rates: Social Integration, Marital Status Integration, and the Culture of Suicide
Our first goal is to link empirical measures of three theoretical explanations of marital status differences to the variation in male and female standardized suicide difference coefficients SSDCs in 12 developed countries, circa 1960. We include predictors of Durkheim's social integration hypothesis, Gibbs and Martin's concept of marital status integration, and norms on suicide acceptability. All three are significantly related to variation in ma…
Marital status integration, psychological well-being, and suicide acceptability as predictors of marital status differentials in suicide rates
The Age Structure of Female Suicide Rates: Measurement and Analysis of 20 Developed Countries, 1955–1994
Although age-specific female suicide rates have been available for over a century, sociologists have focused on comparing the levels of the rates across age groups, and in studying change overtime. Girard's (1993) article is the first systematic effort to compare the age structure of female suicide rates among national populations. From his study of 1976–1980 suicide rates in 49 less developed and more developed populations, Girard concluded that…
Attitudinal and Structural Predictors of the Gender Gap in Suicide: An Exploratory Analysis of Nine European Countries, 1975–1987
Following Hagan, Gillis, and Simpson (1985), Hagan, Simpson, and Gillis (1987), and Girard (1993), we introduce a measure of egalitarian political attitudes that reflect gender differences in socialization that may affect adult suicidal behavior. Past efforts to explain national differences in the gender gap in suicide rates have not determined how the different determinants of male and female suicide rates cause the gender gap to vary among nati…
The Age Structure of Male Suicide Rates: Measurement and Analysis of 20 Developed Countries, 1955-1994
The Relative Gender Gap in Suicide: Societal Integration, the Culture of Suicide, and Period Effects in 20 Developed Countries, 1955-1994
Societal Integration, Culture, and Period: Their Impact on Female Age-Specific Suicide Rates in 20 Developed Countries, 1955–1989
This work uses Durkheimian societal integration measures and proxies for the culture of suicide to test for differences in the impact of predictors on suicide rates of younger and older women and for change in the effect of predictors over time. Four integration measures (female labor force participation, divorce rates, fertility, and religious book production) retained the same sign in all age groups, and their unstandardized regression coeffici…
Effects of Societal Integration, Period, Region, and Culture of Suicide on Male Age-Specific Suicide Rates: 20 Developed Countries, 1955-1989
Societal Integration and Age-Standardized Suicide Rates in 21 Developed Countries, 1955-1989
How to Achieve Racial Accommodation by the Year 2068
Structural and Cultural Determinants of Adult Homicide in Developed Countries: Age and Gender-Specific Rates, 1955–1989
Following a review of the literature on cross-national adult homicide rates we develop the first empirical study of 1955–1989 age-standardized and age-specific rates for male and female victims in 21 developed countries. We add Easterlin's relative cohort size to standard measures of social and economic structures that may increase conflict among individuals and groups within nations. We also include the lagged ratio of female / male enrollment i…
Neighborhood Social Structure and the Lives of Black and White Children
Studies of racial differences in socialization outcomes, such as school failure or success, juvenile delinquency, or teen pregnancy, usually fail to consider the neighborhood social structures that should, theoretically, influence these outcomes. Rather, researchers have often been content to “control” individual and family background characteristics and attribute the remaining racial difference to racial cultural differences and / or racial disc…
Thinking about change in illegitimacy ratios: United States, 1963–1983
What has been the recent trend in illegitimacy in the United States? The answer depends on what is being measured. If the focus is on illegitimacy rates, then the trend is mixed. Illegitimacy ratios, however, have been skyrocketing. We show that this is primarily the result of declining nuptiaIity (and rising marital dissolution) and secondarily the result of decreases in marital fertility. We argue that the illegitimacy ratio is the better index…
Cross Sectional and Longitudinal Models of 1977 National Social Insurance Expenditures
This article partially replicates Cutright's (1967) analysis of determinants of cross-national differences in 1960 social insurance expenditures. Analyses of national differences in 1977 finds that a proxy for Cutright's theoretical construct of an egalitarian political system does not influence social insurance expenditures in the low GNP/per capita (GNP/C) stratum, but it is an important variable in analyses the high GNP/C stratum. This proxy i…
Treands in illegitimacy among five english-speaking populations: 1940–1980
This study considers the age pattern of illegitimate fertility in the white and nonwhite populations of the US with specific references to other English-speaking populations. The time period is approximately 1940-1980; the comparative populations are those of Canada England Wales and Australia. It is established via both visual inspection of rates and analysis-of-variance procedures that 1) trends in illegitimacy rates have been extremely similar…
Declining family size and the number of children in poor families in the United States: 1964-1983
Components of change in the number of female family heads ages 15 to 44, an update and reanalysis: United States, 1940 to 1983
The threshold hypothesis: Evidence from less developed Latin American countries, 1950 to 1980
Historical research among European countries finds large differences in the level of social, economic or demographic development among countries, or regions within countries at the time marital fertility rates began their decline from traditional high levels. This research tests a threshold hypothesis which holds that fertility will decline from traditional high levels if threshold levels of life expectancy and literacy are surpassed. Using a poo…
Economic and other determinants of annual change in U.S. fertility: 1917–1976
Reply to Sloan
Sloan (1984) argues that annual changes in marital fertility of Swedish wives aged 35-39 between 1911 and 1974 is not a result of annual changes in the use of birth control, but is due to changes in health conditions that increase or decrease marital fertility. As evidence of the lack of effect of contraceptive practice on fertility Sloan cites a study published in 1916 whose author concluded that contraceptive use or nonuse had no effect on fami…
Determinants of national family planning effort
A Time Series Analysis of Swedish Illegitimacy Rates, 1911–1974
Using a sociodemographic model of the determinants of illegitimacy rates, a multivariate regression analysis of annual change in age-specific Swedish illegitimacy rates is applied to the 1911-74 period. The proxy measure of change in sexual activity was significant for all age groups. Legitimation rates for out-of-wedlock conceived births were significant for all ages except teenagers, and the final predictor, women's status, was significant for …
National Political Development: Measurement and Analysis
Political Structure, Economic Development, and National Social Security Programs
A scale of national social security programs is developed and related to economic development, literacy, urbanization, and a political-representativeness index. The degree of social security coverage of a nation's population is most powerfully correlated with its level of economic development, but when economic development is controlled for, the more representative governments introduce programs earlier than the less representative governments. A…
Inequality: A Cross-National Analysis
A test of Lenski's theoretical statement concerning the distribution of material rewards within nations, using a measure of inequality developed by Kuznets, is applied to data from 44 non-communist nations and eight communist states. Measures of the principal independent variables specified by Lenski accounted for some 60 percent of the variance in inequality scores in the 44 nations, but large errors of prediction remained. When these nations we…
Grass Roots Politicians and the Vote
Measuring the Impact of Local Party Activity on the General Election Vote
How far are voters swayed by the active solicitation of their votes by local party workers and how far by the attractiveness of supporting the dominant or winning party? Here is a study of this question in relation to the explanation of the stability of voter ioyalties. It does not reveal a systematic pattern of stronger party activity in precincts where one party receives the greatest voter support, but it does show evidence of effects in both d…
Income and Family Events: Marital Stability
This paper discusses some implications for the study of marital stability of a causal model in which education and occupation are seen as causes of income. Proper time order then places marital stability events after all three of these measures of social class. The class variable closest to instability is income. Therefore, assessment of the direct effects of education or occupation on marital stability must first remove the effects of income. Da…
Modernization and political representation: 1927–1966
The Civilian Earnings of White and Black Draftees and Nonveterans
The impact of military service as a career contingency affecting adult economic status is examined with a national probability sample of men given preinduction exams by Selective Service in the early 1950's. Civilian earnings in 1964 of former draftees and three types of non-veterans are compared after controlling race, region of employment, academic achievement, and years of education. Comparison of the earnings differences show most draftees wi…
Structural Determinants of Fertility in Latin America: 1800-1970
This paper 1) estimates the effects of colonial penetration extraction of wealth and 19th century immigration on Latin American modernization and Catholic Church strength at the beginning of the 20th century; 2) estimates the net effect of modernization and Catholic institutional strength (CIS) on crude birthrates and illegitimacy ratios in Lation America in 1910 1940 and 1970; and 3) compares general marital and illegitimate fertility rates in 1…
Effects of Societal Integration, Period, Region, and Culture of Suicide on Male Age-Specific Suicide Rates: 20 Developed Countries, 1955-1989
Societal Integration and Age-Standardized Suicide Rates in 21 Developed Countries, 1955-1989
Thinking about change in illegitimacy ratios: United States, 1963–1983
What has been the recent trend in illegitimacy in the United States? The answer depends on what is being measured. If the focus is on illegitimacy rates, then the trend is mixed. Illegitimacy ratios, however, have been skyrocketing. We show that this is primarily the result of declining nuptiaIity (and rising marital dissolution) and secondarily the result of decreases in marital fertility. We argue that the illegitimacy ratio is the better index…
Modernization and the Demographic Transition: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses of a Revised Model
We specify a revised model of the demographic transition which accounts for national fertility levels and changes over the past two decades. The model includes cultural, geographic, demographic and family planning program variables, in addition to a measure of national socio-economic modernization. Using crude birth rates for 117 countries, we operationalize and then apply the revised model to 1974 rates, and then test a longitudinal model of 195…
Components of Change in the Number of Female Family Heads Aged 15-44: United States, 1940-1970
Consideration of the statuses through which a woman passes en route to becoming a female family head suggested four components behind the 1940-1970 increase of 1, 749, 000 mothers aged 15-44 heading a family with a child. Changes in the probability that a mother at risk will form a separate family, rather than living as the child or other relative of a family head, is one component. Population growth, changes in fertility patterns and marital sta…
Party Organization in Primary Elections
This study of primary elections in an industrial city attempts to account for the vote of various candidates in four Republican and four Democratic primaries by using several measures of campaing organization and the notoriety of the candidates. In the Democratic primaries between 92 per cent and 81 per cent of the variation in the candidate vote was accounted for, while between 79 per cent and 28 per cent of the variation in Republican primaries…
Societal Integration, Culture, and Period: Their Impact on Female Age-Specific Suicide Rates in 20 Developed Countries, 1955–1989
This work uses Durkheimian societal integration measures and proxies for the culture of suicide to test for differences in the impact of predictors on suicide rates of younger and older women and for change in the effect of predictors over time. Four integration measures (female labor force participation, divorce rates, fertility, and religious book production) retained the same sign in all age groups, and their unstandardized regression coeffici…
Occupational Inheritance: A Cross-national Analysis
The level of "pure mobility," or what is termed here "occupational inheritance," in thirteen nations is linked to a set of independent variables drawn from a theoretical statement by Kingsley Davis. Davis argues that a certain level of "selection by talent" and hence mobility must exist if economic development is to proceed. Measures of technology, national structures facilitating mobility, family size, and the rural composition of the manual str…
Cleavages, Ideologies and Party Systems: Contributions to Comparative Political Sociology
Timing the First Birth: Does It Matter
The belief that the timing of a first birth has an enduring effect on a womans chances for a favorable marital family and economic status and the number of children she will have was tested with data on 10906 white and 6044 nonwhite mothers from the 1967 Survey of Economic Opportunity. The risk of female family headship or living below the poverty line some 20 years after first birth seemed little different among ever-married mothers who had or h…
Urbanization and Competitive Party Politics
Declining family size and the number of children in poor families in the United States: 1964-1983
Components of change in the number of female family heads ages 15 to 44, an update and reanalysis: United States, 1940 to 1983
Determinants of national family planning effort
Structural determinants of childlessness: A nonrecursive analysis of 1970 U.S. rates
This study tests two theories accounting for observed relationships between U.S. rates of childlessness and sociodemographic characteristics using data on Black and white women aged 30–44 from the 1970 U.S. census. Traditional theory sees the observed correlations as spuriously caused by involuntary sterility, while voluntaristic theory interprets the associations as evidence of influences on the decisions of fecund couples to remain childless. W…
Gender preferences, sex predetermination, and family size in the United States
Past and present research on gender preference and the likely impact of sex predetermination on family size among white couples in the U.S. are discussed. 1 research style involves asking people about their preferences for children of each gender and then depending on the responses estimating the likely impact of sex predetermination on fertility. A second research style involves the classification of respondents according to their parity at inte…
Grass Roots Politicians and the Vote
Party Organization in Primary Elections
This study of primary elections in an industrial city attempts to account for the vote of various candidates in four Republican and four Democratic primaries by using several measures of campaing organization and the notoriety of the candidates. In the Democratic primaries between 92 per cent and 81 per cent of the variation in the candidate vote was accounted for, while between 79 per cent and 28 per cent of the variation in Republican primaries…
The Social System of the High School: A Study in the Sociology of Adolescence. C. Wayne Gordon
Floating Voters and the Floating Vote. H. Daudt
National Political Development: Measurement and Analysis
Urbanization and Competitive Party Politics
Measuring the Impact of Local Party Activity on the General Election Vote
How far are voters swayed by the active solicitation of their votes by local party workers and how far by the attractiveness of supporting the dominant or winning party? Here is a study of this question in relation to the explanation of the stability of voter ioyalties. It does not reveal a systematic pattern of stronger party activity in precincts where one party receives the greatest voter support, but it does show evidence of effects in both d…
Hostage America: Human Aspects of a Nuclear Attack and a Program of Prevention
Rum, Religion, and Votes: 1928 Re-Examined
The Health of Older People: A Social Survey.Ethel Shanas
Nonpartisan Electoral Systems in American Cities
At regular intervals in the United States political parties conduct campaigns, the purpose of which is to elect their chosen candidates to public office. Each party seeks political power, guided in this pursuit by a complex set of election laws which spell out in detail the rights and duties of the parties. The electoral process is the mechanism by which power is maintained within a party or transferred to a competing party. The legitimate right …
The American Polity: A Social and Cultural Intrepretation. William C. Mitchell
Community Power and Political Theory
A Cross-Polity Survey
Congressional Districting: The Issue and Equal Representation
Activities of Precinct Committeemen in Partisan and Nonpartisan Communities
HE RELATIONSHIP and possible consequences of nonpartisan or partisan election rules to political party activity and organization is the subject of this paper. Precinct committeemen in two different political systems were studied. In one system the precinct committeemen work within a set of rules that maintain partisan elections of local officials and a large volume of local patronage. In the second community the precinct committeemen work under a…
The Behavioral Persuasion in Politics.Heinz Eulau
The Rulers and the Ruled: Political Power and Impotence in American Communities. Robert E. Agger , Daniel Goldrich , Bert E. Swanson
Practical Consequences of the Theoretical Study of Defense Policy
Party and Society: The Anglo-American Democracies
World Handbook of Political and Social Indicators
The Politics of the Budgetary Process.Aaron Wildavsky
Political Structure, Economic Development, and National Social Security Programs
A scale of national social security programs is developed and related to economic development, literacy, urbanization, and a political-representativeness index. The degree of social security coverage of a nation's population is most powerfully correlated with its level of economic development, but when economic development is controlled for, the more representative governments introduce programs earlier than the less representative governments. A…
After Nuclear Attack: A Demographic Inquiry
Cleavages, Ideologies and Party Systems: Contributions to Comparative Political Sociology
Sociology (65 works) · Political science (45 works) · Demography (42 works) · Economics (37 works) · Population (33 works) · Psychology (32 works) · Demography (26 works) · Demographic economics (25 works) · Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics (24 works) · Fertility (22 works)