John R Reynolds
Biographic Data
| ID | 3632040 |
|---|---|
| NAME | John R Reynolds |
| GIVEN NAMES | John R |
| FAMILY NAME | Reynolds |
| SIGNATURE | REYNOLDS J R |
| AFFILIATIONS | Florida State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7417-4869 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 33 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 709 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 33 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1996 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 13 |
How Mythical Is the Model Minority Stereotype? Asian American Variations in Socioeconomic Achievement
Researchers have long critiqued the “model minority” stereotype for overlooking substantial achievement variations across Asian American ethnic groups. This study extends these critiques by analyzing how detailed Asian-origin groups differ in their rankings across four socioeconomic dimensions: education, employment, personal income, and homeownership. Using data from the 2017–2021 American Community Survey, we rank 20 Asian-origin groups, reveal…
Race-Discordant School Attendance and Cognitive Function in Later Life
Early schooling plays an important role in shaping cognitive development. This study explored benefits of cognitive functioning in later life related to attending diverse schools in early life. Specifically, we explored the effects of having attended schools composed primarily of different race peers—race discordant schools (RDS)—among Black and White older adults. Using retrospective and prospective data from the Health and Retirement Study, we …
Racial/Ethnic Differences in Accelerated Credit and Inequalities in College Completion
According to the theory of effectively maintained inequality, families advantaged by income or race/ethnicity attend colleges and complete their degrees at higher rates due to both quantitative and qualitative distinctiveness from other families. This study extends this line of research by investigating whether the distribution and payoffs of accelerated credits from Advanced Placement, International Baccalaureate, and dual enrollment programs li…
Long-Term Correlates of Racially Diverse Schooling: Education, Wealth, and Social Engagement in Later Life
Racially diverse educational settings yield various benefits according to past research. However, researchers have not fully considered how longlasting the benefits are and whether they exist for adults who attended school prior to the Civil Rights Act of 1964. We analyze a national sample of older adults born between 1931 and 1953 to test for an association between attending a race discordant school in early life and socioeconomic status and soc…
Social isolation and achievement of students with learning disabilities
Assessing the Extreme Loneliness of Immigrant Farmworkers
Immigrant farmworkers in the United States are a vulnerable population who often face uncertain legal standing, fewer financial and health-related resources, and higher exposure to work hazards. This article focuses on the loneliness-the subjective experience of social isolation-of immigrant farmworker communities, analyzes the social patterning of loneliness in this population, and estimates its association with self-rated health. Data come from…
Public school accountability, workplace culture, and teacher morale
Natural Mentors, Social Class, and College Success
Natural mentors provide advice, moral support, and assistance to adolescents who aspire to obtain a postsecondary degree, but past studies of the benefits of having an informal adult mentor have yet to resolve several issues. Our analyses of a national sample of high school graduates test three hypotheses: (H1) natural mentoring increases the odds of college attendance and completion, (H2) guidance and career advice are more important for college…
Latina/o Students in Majority White Schools: How School Ethnic Enclaves Link Ethnicity with Success
Latina/o high school students face many challenges in school, and much current research on ethnicity and education likewise focuses on the downsides of being an ethnic minority in the U.S. educational system. Social scientists attribute the educational gaps associated with ethnic minority status to factors such as fewer family resources, discrimination, teacher-student mismatch, English learner status, and social isolation at school. This article…
Where Does Debt Fit in the Stress Process Model
This paper contrasts two money-related stressors—debt and economic hardship—and clarifies where debt fits into the stress process model. Debt may be a direct or indirect stressor, as something mediated by psychosocial resources, and may be a potential buffer, interacting with economic hardship. The analyses use data from a two-wave panel study of 1,463 adults. One way debt is distinct from economic hardship is that debt is more common among econo…
School Gender Culture and Student Subjective Well-Being
Racial Mismatch in the Classroom: Beyond Black-white Differences
Previous research demonstrates that students taught by teachers of the same race and ethnicity receive more positive behavioral evaluations than students taught by teachers of a different race/ethnicity. Many researchers view these findings as evidence that teachers, mainly white teachers, are racially biased due to preferences stemming from racial stereotypes that depict some groups as more academically oriented than others. Most of this researc…
The Price of Opportunity: Race, Student Loan Debt, and College Achievement
This paper examines racial differences in student loan debt and concurrently assesses the potential payoffs and countervailing risks inherent in reliance on loans in a cohort of black and white first-year college students. Using the 1996-2001 Beginning Postsecondary Student study we find that the use of loans results in greater enrollment persistence and higher odds of college completion, especially for black students. However, black students acq…
Educational expectation trajectories and attainment in the transition to adulthood
Neither a Borrower Nor a Lender Be: The Relative Importance of Debt and SES for Mental Health Among Older Adults
These findings affirm health scholars' calls for more complete measures of SES
Change in the Stratification of Educational Expectations and Their Realization
Journal Article Change in the Stratification of Educational Expectations and Their Realization Get access John R. Reynolds, John R. Reynolds Florida State University Direct correspondence to John Reynolds, Department of Sociology, 113 Collegiate Loop, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-2270. E-mail: [email protected]. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Monica Kirkpatrick Johnson Monica Kirkpa…
Adolescent girls' race/ethnic status, identities, and drive for thinness
Is There a Downside to Shooting for the Stars? Unrealized Educational Expectations and Symptoms of Depression
Despite decades of research on the benefits of educational expectations, researchers have failed to show that unrealized plans are consequential for mental health, as self-discrepancy and other social psychological theories would predict. This article uses two national longitudinal studies of youth to test whether unrealized educational expectations are associated with depression in adulthood. Negative binomial regression analyses show that unmet…
Absurdly Ambitious? Teenagers’ Expectations for the Future and the Realities of Social Structure
Expectations for achievement in the US border on the unrealistic. High school students expect to obtain better jobs and more education than current cohorts have achieved. Many youth also seem unaware of how to realize their ambitions. These findings lead to several questions about the causes and consequences of ambition. First, how do American youths’ ambitions compare with those of past cohorts and what consequences stem from rising ambitions? S…
Major Life Events: Their Personal Meaning, Resolution, and Mental Health Significance
Researchers have employed varying strategies in an effort to better understand variation in responses to stress. This article argues that crisis theory makes a useful contribution to these efforts, particularly when studying variable response to major life events that are of high threat potential. Regression analyses of depressive symptomatology, mastery, and self-esteem in a community sample of adults (n = 1,542) provide preliminary support for …
Educational expectations and the rise in women's post-secondary attainments
Mastery and the Fulfillment of Occupational Expectations by Midlife
This paper tests the central tenet of social psychology and the life-course perspective that broader contexts of opportunity and constraint moderate the ability of individuals to act on their plans and ambitions. We use the 1972 National Longitudinal Study to assess the impact of mastery on achieving one's occupational expectations and to determine if the benefits of mastery are contingent on structural contexts. Three types of structural constra…
Have Adolescents Become Too Ambitious? High School Seniors' Educational and Occupational Plans, 1976 to 2000
This article tracks changes in high school seniors' educational and occupational plans over a twenty-five year period and assesses whether these plans have become increasingly unrealistic. Comparisons of seniors' career plans with the contemporaneous achievements of high school graduates confirms that high school seniors' ambitions outpace what they are likely to achieve, a gap that is growing over time. Teenagers' increasingly expect that commun…
The Job Costs of Family Demands: Gender Differences in Negative Family-to-Work Spillover
This article uses the 1992 National Study of the Changing Workforce to examine family and workplace factors contributing to gender differences in negative family-to-work spillover. We focus on spillover as manifested when family demands negatively affect job performance. Among married workers, women were twice as likely as men to report that family demands negatively affect their job performance. This finding is due, in part, to the fact that wom…
Employee Awareness of Family Leave Benefits: The Effects of Family, Work, and Gender
The 1993 Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) was intended to help employees meet short-term family demands, such as caring for children and elderly parents, without losing their jobs. However, recent evidence suggests that few women and even fewer men employees avail themselves of family leave under the Family and Medical Leave Act. This paper examines the organizational, worker status, and salience/need factors associated with knowledge of famil…
The Contingent Meaning of Neighborhood Stability for Residents' Psychological Well-Being
nities and the individuals who live in them, and may be especially beneficial in poor neighborhoods. In contrast, a social isolation perspective proposes that neighborhood stability has negative effects on residents'psychological well-being in economically disadvantaged neighborhoods. This analysis of multilevel data-data in which survey information from a representative sample of Illinois residents is linked to census-tract information about pov…
Have Adolescents Become Too Ambitious? High School Seniors' Educational and Occupational Plans, 1976 to 2000
This article tracks changes in high school seniors' educational and occupational plans over a twenty-five year period and assesses whether these plans have become increasingly unrealistic. Comparisons of seniors' career plans with the contemporaneous achievements of high school graduates confirms that high school seniors' ambitions outpace what they are likely to achieve, a gap that is growing over time. Teenagers' increasingly expect that commun…
Race, Segregation, and the Concentration of Disadvantage: 1980-1990
Journal Article Race, Segregation, and the Concentration of Disadvantage: 1980–1990 Get access Lauren J. Krivo, Lauren J. Krivo Ohio State University Direct correspondence to Lauren J. Krivo, Ohio State University, 300 Bricker Hall, 190 North Oval Mall, Columbus, Ohio 43210; e-mail: [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ruth D. Peterson, Ruth D. Peterson Ohio State University Search for ot…
Is There a Downside to Shooting for the Stars? Unrealized Educational Expectations and Symptoms of Depression
Despite decades of research on the benefits of educational expectations, researchers have failed to show that unrealized plans are consequential for mental health, as self-discrepancy and other social psychological theories would predict. This article uses two national longitudinal studies of youth to test whether unrealized educational expectations are associated with depression in adulthood. Negative binomial regression analyses show that unmet…
Racial Mismatch in the Classroom: Beyond Black-white Differences
Previous research demonstrates that students taught by teachers of the same race and ethnicity receive more positive behavioral evaluations than students taught by teachers of a different race/ethnicity. Many researchers view these findings as evidence that teachers, mainly white teachers, are racially biased due to preferences stemming from racial stereotypes that depict some groups as more academically oriented than others. Most of this researc…
Social Stratification and Health: Education's Benefit beyond Economic Status and Social Origins
Journal Article Social Stratification and Health: Education's Benefit Beyond Economic Status and Social Origins Get access John R. Reynolds, John R. Reynolds Direct all correspondence to Catherine Ross, Department of Sociology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1353; e-mail [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Catherine E. Ross Catherine E. Ross Search for other works by this a…
Neither a Borrower Nor a Lender Be: The Relative Importance of Debt and SES for Mental Health Among Older Adults
These findings affirm health scholars' calls for more complete measures of SES
The Price of Opportunity: Race, Student Loan Debt, and College Achievement
This paper examines racial differences in student loan debt and concurrently assesses the potential payoffs and countervailing risks inherent in reliance on loans in a cohort of black and white first-year college students. Using the 1996-2001 Beginning Postsecondary Student study we find that the use of loans results in greater enrollment persistence and higher odds of college completion, especially for black students. However, black students acq…
Educational expectation trajectories and attainment in the transition to adulthood
The Job Costs of Family Demands: Gender Differences in Negative Family-to-Work Spillover
This article uses the 1992 National Study of the Changing Workforce to examine family and workplace factors contributing to gender differences in negative family-to-work spillover. We focus on spillover as manifested when family demands negatively affect job performance. Among married workers, women were twice as likely as men to report that family demands negatively affect their job performance. This finding is due, in part, to the fact that wom…
Educational expectations and the rise in women's post-secondary attainments
Absurdly Ambitious? Teenagers’ Expectations for the Future and the Realities of Social Structure
Expectations for achievement in the US border on the unrealistic. High school students expect to obtain better jobs and more education than current cohorts have achieved. Many youth also seem unaware of how to realize their ambitions. These findings lead to several questions about the causes and consequences of ambition. First, how do American youths’ ambitions compare with those of past cohorts and what consequences stem from rising ambitions? S…
Age, Depression, and Attrition in the National Survey of Families and Households
It might seem that following people over time provides the best indication of how people change with age. Sample attrition can undermine that assumption. This study describes the impact of health, impairment, and depression on attrition in the National Survey of Families and Households. It analyzes the impact of that attrition on estimates of the age-specific changes in depression over a six-year period. In doing so, it illustrates methods for as…
The Effects of Industrial Employment Conditions on Job-Related Distress
This paper examines the interaction between the effects of industrial unemployment and job conditions on workers' levels of psychological distress. Previous research finds that economic stress, defined as contexts of high unemployment, mainly affects distress indirectly through deteriorating job conditions. However, adaptive cost and identity salience hypotheses predict that the effects of industrial- and job-level conditions interact. I test for…
Natural Mentors, Social Class, and College Success
Natural mentors provide advice, moral support, and assistance to adolescents who aspire to obtain a postsecondary degree, but past studies of the benefits of having an informal adult mentor have yet to resolve several issues. Our analyses of a national sample of high school graduates test three hypotheses: (H1) natural mentoring increases the odds of college attendance and completion, (H2) guidance and career advice are more important for college…
Mastery and the Fulfillment of Occupational Expectations by Midlife
This paper tests the central tenet of social psychology and the life-course perspective that broader contexts of opportunity and constraint moderate the ability of individuals to act on their plans and ambitions. We use the 1972 National Longitudinal Study to assess the impact of mastery on achieving one's occupational expectations and to determine if the benefits of mastery are contingent on structural contexts. Three types of structural constra…
Employee Awareness of Family Leave Benefits: The Effects of Family, Work, and Gender
The 1993 Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) was intended to help employees meet short-term family demands, such as caring for children and elderly parents, without losing their jobs. However, recent evidence suggests that few women and even fewer men employees avail themselves of family leave under the Family and Medical Leave Act. This paper examines the organizational, worker status, and salience/need factors associated with knowledge of famil…
Major Life Events: Their Personal Meaning, Resolution, and Mental Health Significance
Researchers have employed varying strategies in an effort to better understand variation in responses to stress. This article argues that crisis theory makes a useful contribution to these efforts, particularly when studying variable response to major life events that are of high threat potential. Regression analyses of depressive symptomatology, mastery, and self-esteem in a community sample of adults (n = 1,542) provide preliminary support for …
Social isolation and achievement of students with learning disabilities
Latina/o Students in Majority White Schools: How School Ethnic Enclaves Link Ethnicity with Success
Latina/o high school students face many challenges in school, and much current research on ethnicity and education likewise focuses on the downsides of being an ethnic minority in the U.S. educational system. Social scientists attribute the educational gaps associated with ethnic minority status to factors such as fewer family resources, discrimination, teacher-student mismatch, English learner status, and social isolation at school. This article…
Public school accountability, workplace culture, and teacher morale
Adolescent girls' race/ethnic status, identities, and drive for thinness
Long-Term Correlates of Racially Diverse Schooling: Education, Wealth, and Social Engagement in Later Life
Racially diverse educational settings yield various benefits according to past research. However, researchers have not fully considered how longlasting the benefits are and whether they exist for adults who attended school prior to the Civil Rights Act of 1964. We analyze a national sample of older adults born between 1931 and 1953 to test for an association between attending a race discordant school in early life and socioeconomic status and soc…
Assessing the Extreme Loneliness of Immigrant Farmworkers
Immigrant farmworkers in the United States are a vulnerable population who often face uncertain legal standing, fewer financial and health-related resources, and higher exposure to work hazards. This article focuses on the loneliness-the subjective experience of social isolation-of immigrant farmworker communities, analyzes the social patterning of loneliness in this population, and estimates its association with self-rated health. Data come from…
Change in Societal Technology and Development, 1950-1990
Change in Societal Technology and Development, 1950-1990
The Effects of Industrial Employment Conditions on Job-Related Distress
This paper examines the interaction between the effects of industrial unemployment and job conditions on workers' levels of psychological distress. Previous research finds that economic stress, defined as contexts of high unemployment, mainly affects distress indirectly through deteriorating job conditions. However, adaptive cost and identity salience hypotheses predict that the effects of industrial- and job-level conditions interact. I test for…
Social Stratification and Health: Education's Benefit beyond Economic Status and Social Origins
Journal Article Social Stratification and Health: Education's Benefit Beyond Economic Status and Social Origins Get access John R. Reynolds, John R. Reynolds Direct all correspondence to Catherine Ross, Department of Sociology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1353; e-mail [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Catherine E. Ross Catherine E. Ross Search for other works by this a…
Race, Segregation, and the Concentration of Disadvantage: 1980-1990
Journal Article Race, Segregation, and the Concentration of Disadvantage: 1980–1990 Get access Lauren J. Krivo, Lauren J. Krivo Ohio State University Direct correspondence to Lauren J. Krivo, Ohio State University, 300 Bricker Hall, 190 North Oval Mall, Columbus, Ohio 43210; e-mail: [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ruth D. Peterson, Ruth D. Peterson Ohio State University Search for ot…
The Contingent Meaning of Neighborhood Stability for Residents' Psychological Well-Being
nities and the individuals who live in them, and may be especially beneficial in poor neighborhoods. In contrast, a social isolation perspective proposes that neighborhood stability has negative effects on residents'psychological well-being in economically disadvantaged neighborhoods. This analysis of multilevel data-data in which survey information from a representative sample of Illinois residents is linked to census-tract information about pov…
Age, Depression, and Attrition in the National Survey of Families and Households
It might seem that following people over time provides the best indication of how people change with age. Sample attrition can undermine that assumption. This study describes the impact of health, impairment, and depression on attrition in the National Survey of Families and Households. It analyzes the impact of that attrition on estimates of the age-specific changes in depression over a six-year period. In doing so, it illustrates methods for as…
Rising College Expectations among Youth in the United States: A Comparison of the 1979 and 1997 NLSY
John R. Reynolds, Jennifer Pemberton, Rising College Expectations among Youth in the United States: A Comparison of the 1979 and 1997 NLSY, The Journal of Human Resources, Vol. 36, No. 4, Special Issue on Early Results from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1997 Cohort (Autumn, 2001), pp. 703-726
Gender Bias and Feminist Consciousness among Judges and Attorneys: A Standpoint Theory Analysis
Employee Awareness of Family Leave Benefits: The Effects of Family, Work, and Gender
The 1993 Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) was intended to help employees meet short-term family demands, such as caring for children and elderly parents, without losing their jobs. However, recent evidence suggests that few women and even fewer men employees avail themselves of family leave under the Family and Medical Leave Act. This paper examines the organizational, worker status, and salience/need factors associated with knowledge of famil…
The Job Costs of Family Demands: Gender Differences in Negative Family-to-Work Spillover
This article uses the 1992 National Study of the Changing Workforce to examine family and workplace factors contributing to gender differences in negative family-to-work spillover. We focus on spillover as manifested when family demands negatively affect job performance. Among married workers, women were twice as likely as men to report that family demands negatively affect their job performance. This finding is due, in part, to the fact that wom…
Have Adolescents Become Too Ambitious? High School Seniors' Educational and Occupational Plans, 1976 to 2000
This article tracks changes in high school seniors' educational and occupational plans over a twenty-five year period and assesses whether these plans have become increasingly unrealistic. Comparisons of seniors' career plans with the contemporaneous achievements of high school graduates confirms that high school seniors' ambitions outpace what they are likely to achieve, a gap that is growing over time. Teenagers' increasingly expect that commun…
Mastery and the Fulfillment of Occupational Expectations by Midlife
This paper tests the central tenet of social psychology and the life-course perspective that broader contexts of opportunity and constraint moderate the ability of individuals to act on their plans and ambitions. We use the 1972 National Longitudinal Study to assess the impact of mastery on achieving one's occupational expectations and to determine if the benefits of mastery are contingent on structural contexts. Three types of structural constra…
Absurdly Ambitious? Teenagers’ Expectations for the Future and the Realities of Social Structure
Expectations for achievement in the US border on the unrealistic. High school students expect to obtain better jobs and more education than current cohorts have achieved. Many youth also seem unaware of how to realize their ambitions. These findings lead to several questions about the causes and consequences of ambition. First, how do American youths’ ambitions compare with those of past cohorts and what consequences stem from rising ambitions? S…
Major Life Events: Their Personal Meaning, Resolution, and Mental Health Significance
Researchers have employed varying strategies in an effort to better understand variation in responses to stress. This article argues that crisis theory makes a useful contribution to these efforts, particularly when studying variable response to major life events that are of high threat potential. Regression analyses of depressive symptomatology, mastery, and self-esteem in a community sample of adults (n = 1,542) provide preliminary support for …
Educational expectations and the rise in women's post-secondary attainments
Is There a Downside to Shooting for the Stars? Unrealized Educational Expectations and Symptoms of Depression
Despite decades of research on the benefits of educational expectations, researchers have failed to show that unrealized plans are consequential for mental health, as self-discrepancy and other social psychological theories would predict. This article uses two national longitudinal studies of youth to test whether unrealized educational expectations are associated with depression in adulthood. Negative binomial regression analyses show that unmet…
Change in the Stratification of Educational Expectations and Their Realization
Journal Article Change in the Stratification of Educational Expectations and Their Realization Get access John R. Reynolds, John R. Reynolds Florida State University Direct correspondence to John Reynolds, Department of Sociology, 113 Collegiate Loop, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-2270. E-mail: [email protected]. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Monica Kirkpatrick Johnson Monica Kirkpa…
Adolescent girls' race/ethnic status, identities, and drive for thinness
Neither a Borrower Nor a Lender Be: The Relative Importance of Debt and SES for Mental Health Among Older Adults
These findings affirm health scholars' calls for more complete measures of SES
Racial Mismatch in the Classroom: Beyond Black-white Differences
Previous research demonstrates that students taught by teachers of the same race and ethnicity receive more positive behavioral evaluations than students taught by teachers of a different race/ethnicity. Many researchers view these findings as evidence that teachers, mainly white teachers, are racially biased due to preferences stemming from racial stereotypes that depict some groups as more academically oriented than others. Most of this researc…
The Price of Opportunity: Race, Student Loan Debt, and College Achievement
This paper examines racial differences in student loan debt and concurrently assesses the potential payoffs and countervailing risks inherent in reliance on loans in a cohort of black and white first-year college students. Using the 1996-2001 Beginning Postsecondary Student study we find that the use of loans results in greater enrollment persistence and higher odds of college completion, especially for black students. However, black students acq…
Educational expectation trajectories and attainment in the transition to adulthood
Where Does Debt Fit in the Stress Process Model
This paper contrasts two money-related stressors—debt and economic hardship—and clarifies where debt fits into the stress process model. Debt may be a direct or indirect stressor, as something mediated by psychosocial resources, and may be a potential buffer, interacting with economic hardship. The analyses use data from a two-wave panel study of 1,463 adults. One way debt is distinct from economic hardship is that debt is more common among econo…
School Gender Culture and Student Subjective Well-Being
Latina/o Students in Majority White Schools: How School Ethnic Enclaves Link Ethnicity with Success
Latina/o high school students face many challenges in school, and much current research on ethnicity and education likewise focuses on the downsides of being an ethnic minority in the U.S. educational system. Social scientists attribute the educational gaps associated with ethnic minority status to factors such as fewer family resources, discrimination, teacher-student mismatch, English learner status, and social isolation at school. This article…
Psychology (28 works) · Sociology (22 works) · Economics (16 works) · Social Psychology (16 works) · Demographic economics (12 works) · Political science (11 works) · Demography (10 works) · Medicine (10 works) · Economic growth (9 works) · School Choice and Performance (9 works)