Paulo Sousa
Biographic Data
| ID | 3669154 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Paulo Sousa |
| GIVEN NAMES | Paulo |
| FAMILY NAME | Sousa |
| SIGNATURE | SOUSA P |
| AFFILIATIONS | Queen's University Belfast |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9502-6075 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 30 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 51 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 29 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1994 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Building public health leadership: Design, implementation and outcomes of the WHO European autumn school on quality of care and patient safety
Objectives: To describe the pedagogical design and implementation of the WHO European Autumn School on Quality of Care and Patient Safety, characterize participant profiles, evaluate feedback and learning outcomes, and identify lessons for leadership capacity building for quality of care and patient safety. Methods: A descriptive analysis of the program's design was conducted across three annual editions. The 2023 edition described aims and found…
Data Quality Assurance in Ehr Abstraction for Patient Safety Research: Key Findings From Safest
Autoavaliação Da Segurança Perioperatória Do Doente Em Dois Hospitais Terciários Portugueses: Aplicação Da Ferramenta Safest
The deflationary model of harm and moral wrongdoing: A rejoinder to Royzman & Borislow
With a series of studies, Royzman and Borislow (2022) purport to show that extant models about the conditions under which harmful actions are deemed morally wrong do not have explanatory power-for any proposed condition, various harmful actions meet the condition but are not deemed immoral. And they reach the following conclusion: judgments of moral wrongdoing in the context of harmful actions (or judgments of moral wrongdoing more generally) are…
Difference in determinants of ICU admission and death among Covid-19 hospitalized patients in two epidemic waves in Portugal: Possible impact of healthcare burden and hospital bed occupancy on clinica…
Aim: Identify factors associated with COVID-19 intensive care unit (ICU) admission and death among hospitalized cases in Portugal, and variations from the first to the second wave in Portugal, March-December 2020. Introduction: Determinants of ICU admission and death for COVID-19 need further understanding and may change over time. We used hospital discharge data (ICD-10 diagnosis-related groups) to identify factors associated with COVID-19 outco…
Strategies for the Psychological Support of the Healthcare Workforce during the Covid-19 Pandemic: The ERNST Study
The COVID-19 pandemic led to the implementation of interventions to provide emotional and psychological support to healthcare workers in many countries. This ecological study aims to describe the strategies implemented in different countries to support healthcare professionals during the outbreak. Data were collected through an online survey about the measures to address the impact of the pandemic on the mental health of healthcare workers. Healt…
Years of life lost by Covid-19 in Portugal and comparison with other European countries in 2020
COVID-19 has had a major impact on mortality rates in Portugal, as well as in other European countries. The relative impact of COVID-19 on the number of deaths has been greater than on the number of YLL, because COVID-19 deaths occur mostly in advanced ages
In-hospital adverse drug events: Analysis of trend in Portuguese public hospitals
The objectives of this study were to analyze in-hospital adverse drug events (ADEs) in Portuguese public hospitals, and their association with mortality and the duration of hospitalization. We analyzed an administrative database containing the registration of all hospitalizations occurring in Portuguese public hospitals in 2013-2015. ADEs were identified using the codes E850-858.9 and E930-949.9 from ICD-9-CM. We identified all episodes with regi…
Segurança do paciente no cuidado odontológico: Revisão Integrativa
Eventos adversos constituem grave problema relacionado à qualidade do cuidado de saúde. A prática odontológica, por ser eminentemente invasiva e implicar contato íntimo e rotineiro com secreções, é potencialmente propícia à ocorrência desses eventos. Diversos estudos em segurança do paciente foram desenvolvidos nas duas últimas décadas, entretanto, em maior número no ambiente hospitalar, em função de sua complexidade organizacional, gravidade de …
Which Appraisals Are Foundational to Moral Judgment? Harm, Injustice, and Beyond
Harm-centric accounts of judgments of moral wrongdoing argue that moral judgments are fundamentally based on appraisals of harm. However, past research has failed to operationally discriminate harm appraisals from appraisals related to injustice. Four studies carefully discriminated harm qua pain/suffering from injustice, alongside appraisals related to impurity, authority, and disloyalty. Appraisals of injustice outperformed appraisals of harm a…
Segurança do paciente: Criando organizações de saúde seguras
Promover, proteger e recuperar a saúde é o que se espera dos serviços de saúde. Por isso, provoca espanto quando se fala que o processo de cuidado em saúde pode causar incidentes com danos. Alguns perigos são inerentes a esse processo – por exemplo, os efeitos colaterais conhecidos de determinados medicamentos. Outros podem ser consequências de erros, que acontecem em qualquer ramo de atividade, inclusive na saúde. Para fazer frente à frequência …
Agency and Morality
Cognitive traditions study how human beings utilize naive concepts of agency and morality to make judgments about persons and their actions and how these concepts and judgments are related. We discuss, in particular, how judgments of whether an action is intentional or not affect judgments of moral blame and moral wrongdoing. Cognitive approaches argue that judgments of intentionality constitute a fundamental factor in how humans calculate a pers…
Cardiovascular disease and high blood pressure trend analyses from 2002 to 2016: After the implementation of a salt reduction strategy
This research provides an indication about the impact a population-wide approach to CVD risk factors has on CVD trends themselves. Our results suggest that population-wide approaches can have an impact on the prevention and improvement of CVD control, reducing the number of CVD events, and eventually reducing premature death by CVD. As more restrictions on salt intake are being planned in Portugal in the next years, it is highly relevant to asses…
Segurança do Paciente: Criando organizações de saúde seguras
Promover, proteger e recuperar a saúde é o que se espera dos serviços de saúde. Por isso, provoca espanto quando se fala que o processo de cuidado em saúde pode causar incidentes com danos. Alguns perigos são inerentes a esse processo – por exemplo, os efeitos colaterais conhecidos de determinados medicamentos. Outros podem ser consequências de erros, que acontecem em qualquer ramo de atividade, inclusive na saúde. Para fazer frente à frequência …
Religiosity, Political Orientation, and Consequentialist Moral Thinking
Three studies demonstrated that the moral judgments of religious individuals and political conservatives are highly insensitive to consequentialist (i.e., outcome-based) considerations. In Study 1, both religiosity and political conservatism predicted a resistance toward consequentialist thinking concerning a range of transgressive acts, independent of other relevant dispositional factors (e.g., disgust sensitivity). Study 2 ruled out differences…
Psychological Essentialism in Selecting the 14th Dalai Lama: An Alternative Account
common-sense psychological essentialism as applied to objects could explain the selection process for the 14 th Dalai Lama in Tibet. Specifically, they argued that Tibetan bureaucrats represent the Dalai Lama’s personal objects as imbued with his essence. Because of this, they claimed, Tibetan bureaucrats test whether candidates are the reincarnation of the Dalai Lama based on whether the candidates can correctly identify, from a number of items,…
When our thoughts are not our own: Investigating agency misattributions using the Mind-to-Mind paradigm
Problems for the cognitive-depletion model of religious interactions
Schoejdt, S??rensen, Nielbo, Xygalatas, Mitkidis and Bulbulia put forward a new cognitive model of religious interactions, which we depict in Figure one. The model stresses three common features of such interactions: the requirement to suppress emotion expression, the exposure to ritualized behavior and the presence of a charismatic authority (1). 1 These features have different cognitive effects involving different sorts of cognitive-resource de…
Supernatural Beliefs, Unconscious Threat and Judgment Bias in Tibetan Buddhists
Individuals who have been subtly reminded of death display heightened in-group favoritism, or “worldview defense.” Terror management theory argues (i) that death cues engender worldview defense via psychological mechanisms specifically evolved to suppress death anxiety, and (ii) that the core function of religiosity is to suppress death anxiety. Thus, terror management theory predicts that extremely religious individuals will not evince worldview…
Unconscious vigilance: Worldview defense without adaptations for terror, coalition, or uncertainty management
Individuals subtly reminded of death, coalitional challenges, or feelings of uncertainty display exaggerated preferences for affirmations and against criticisms of their cultural in-groups. Terror management, coalitional psychology, and uncertainty management theories postulate this "worldview defense" effect as the output of mechanisms evolved either to allay the fear of death, foster social support, or reduce anxiety by increasing adherence to …
A Cognitive Approach to Moral Responsibility: The Case of a Failed Attempt to Kill
Many theoretical claims about the folk concept of moral responsibility coming from the current literature are indeterminate because researchers do not clearly specify the folk concept of moral responsibility in question. The article pursues a cognitive approach to folk concepts that pays special attention to this indeterminacy problem. After addressing the problem, the article provides evidence on folk attributions of moral responsibility in the …
On Folk Conceptions of Mind, Agency and Morality
On Folk Conceptions of Mind, Agency and Morality* P S
The Fall of Kinship: Towards an Epidemiological Explanation
Kinship used to be described as what anthropologists do. Today, many might well say that it is what anthropologists do not do. One possible explanation is that the notion of kinship fell off anthropology's radar due to the criticisms raised by Needham and Schneider among others, which supposedly demonstrated that kinship is not a sound theoretical concept. Drawing inspiration from epidemiological approaches to cultural phenomena, this article aim…
Essentialism and Folkbiology: Evidence from Brazil
Experimental results in reference to Brazilian children and adults are presented in the context of current discussions about essentialism and folkbiology. Using an adoption paradigm, we replicate the basic findings of a previous article in this journal concerning the early emergence in children of a birth-parent bias (Atran et al. 2001). This cognitive bias supports the claim that causal essentialism cross-culturally constrains the reasoning abou…
Folkbiology doesn't Come from Folkpsychology: Evidence from Yukatek Maya in Cross-Cultural Perspective
Nearly all psychological research on basic cognitive processes of category formation and reasoning uses sample populations associated with large research institutions in technologically-advanced societies. Lopsided attention to a select participant pool risks biasing interpretation, no matter how large the sample or how statistically reliable the results. The experiments in this article address this limitation. Earlier research with urban-USA chi…
The Fall of Kinship: Towards an Epidemiological Explanation
Kinship used to be described as what anthropologists do. Today, many might well say that it is what anthropologists do not do. One possible explanation is that the notion of kinship fell off anthropology's radar due to the criticisms raised by Needham and Schneider among others, which supposedly demonstrated that kinship is not a sound theoretical concept. Drawing inspiration from epidemiological approaches to cultural phenomena, this article aim…
Folkbiology doesn't Come from Folkpsychology: Evidence from Yukatek Maya in Cross-Cultural Perspective
Nearly all psychological research on basic cognitive processes of category formation and reasoning uses sample populations associated with large research institutions in technologically-advanced societies. Lopsided attention to a select participant pool risks biasing interpretation, no matter how large the sample or how statistically reliable the results. The experiments in this article address this limitation. Earlier research with urban-USA chi…
Essentialism and Folkbiology: Evidence from Brazil
Experimental results in reference to Brazilian children and adults are presented in the context of current discussions about essentialism and folkbiology. Using an adoption paradigm, we replicate the basic findings of a previous article in this journal concerning the early emergence in children of a birth-parent bias (Atran et al. 2001). This cognitive bias supports the claim that causal essentialism cross-culturally constrains the reasoning abou…
Unconscious vigilance: Worldview defense without adaptations for terror, coalition, or uncertainty management
Individuals subtly reminded of death, coalitional challenges, or feelings of uncertainty display exaggerated preferences for affirmations and against criticisms of their cultural in-groups. Terror management, coalitional psychology, and uncertainty management theories postulate this "worldview defense" effect as the output of mechanisms evolved either to allay the fear of death, foster social support, or reduce anxiety by increasing adherence to …
On the Possibility of Different Sorts of Racial Categories
Supernatural Beliefs, Unconscious Threat and Judgment Bias in Tibetan Buddhists
Individuals who have been subtly reminded of death display heightened in-group favoritism, or “worldview defense.” Terror management theory argues (i) that death cues engender worldview defense via psychological mechanisms specifically evolved to suppress death anxiety, and (ii) that the core function of religiosity is to suppress death anxiety. Thus, terror management theory predicts that extremely religious individuals will not evince worldview…
A Cognitive Approach to Moral Responsibility: The Case of a Failed Attempt to Kill
Many theoretical claims about the folk concept of moral responsibility coming from the current literature are indeterminate because researchers do not clearly specify the folk concept of moral responsibility in question. The article pursues a cognitive approach to folk concepts that pays special attention to this indeterminacy problem. After addressing the problem, the article provides evidence on folk attributions of moral responsibility in the …
On Folk Conceptions of Mind, Agency and Morality
On Folk Conceptions of Mind, Agency and Morality* P S
Sobre o que Não Aparece (ao Neopirrônico)
O artigo critica a posição filosófica neopirrônica defendida por Oswaldo Porchat Pereira (Porchat 5). Argumentamos que uma de suas noções básicas, a de fenômeno, carece de uma definição apropriada. Além disso, mostramos que o neopirronismo abre as portas para o irracionalismo e que a ciência moderna traz problemas para essa postura
"Who Owns 'Culture'?"1
Antropologia e cognição segundo Dan Sperber
Interview by Paulo Sousa to Dan Sperber
Folkbiology doesn't Come from Folkpsychology: Evidence from Yukatek Maya in Cross-Cultural Perspective
Nearly all psychological research on basic cognitive processes of category formation and reasoning uses sample populations associated with large research institutions in technologically-advanced societies. Lopsided attention to a select participant pool risks biasing interpretation, no matter how large the sample or how statistically reliable the results. The experiments in this article address this limitation. Earlier research with urban-USA chi…
On the Possibility of Different Sorts of Racial Categories
Bounding Culture
Peer Reviewed
Essentialism and Folkbiology: Evidence from Brazil
Experimental results in reference to Brazilian children and adults are presented in the context of current discussions about essentialism and folkbiology. Using an adoption paradigm, we replicate the basic findings of a previous article in this journal concerning the early emergence in children of a birth-parent bias (Atran et al. 2001). This cognitive bias supports the claim that causal essentialism cross-culturally constrains the reasoning abou…
The Fall of Kinship: Towards an Epidemiological Explanation
Kinship used to be described as what anthropologists do. Today, many might well say that it is what anthropologists do not do. One possible explanation is that the notion of kinship fell off anthropology's radar due to the criticisms raised by Needham and Schneider among others, which supposedly demonstrated that kinship is not a sound theoretical concept. Drawing inspiration from epidemiological approaches to cultural phenomena, this article aim…
On Folk Conceptions of Mind, Agency and Morality
On Folk Conceptions of Mind, Agency and Morality* P S
A Cognitive Approach to Moral Responsibility: The Case of a Failed Attempt to Kill
Many theoretical claims about the folk concept of moral responsibility coming from the current literature are indeterminate because researchers do not clearly specify the folk concept of moral responsibility in question. The article pursues a cognitive approach to folk concepts that pays special attention to this indeterminacy problem. After addressing the problem, the article provides evidence on folk attributions of moral responsibility in the …
Unconscious vigilance: Worldview defense without adaptations for terror, coalition, or uncertainty management
Individuals subtly reminded of death, coalitional challenges, or feelings of uncertainty display exaggerated preferences for affirmations and against criticisms of their cultural in-groups. Terror management, coalitional psychology, and uncertainty management theories postulate this "worldview defense" effect as the output of mechanisms evolved either to allay the fear of death, foster social support, or reduce anxiety by increasing adherence to …
When our thoughts are not our own: Investigating agency misattributions using the Mind-to-Mind paradigm
Problems for the cognitive-depletion model of religious interactions
Schoejdt, S??rensen, Nielbo, Xygalatas, Mitkidis and Bulbulia put forward a new cognitive model of religious interactions, which we depict in Figure one. The model stresses three common features of such interactions: the requirement to suppress emotion expression, the exposure to ritualized behavior and the presence of a charismatic authority (1). 1 These features have different cognitive effects involving different sorts of cognitive-resource de…
Supernatural Beliefs, Unconscious Threat and Judgment Bias in Tibetan Buddhists
Individuals who have been subtly reminded of death display heightened in-group favoritism, or “worldview defense.” Terror management theory argues (i) that death cues engender worldview defense via psychological mechanisms specifically evolved to suppress death anxiety, and (ii) that the core function of religiosity is to suppress death anxiety. Thus, terror management theory predicts that extremely religious individuals will not evince worldview…
Segurança do Paciente: Criando organizações de saúde seguras
Promover, proteger e recuperar a saúde é o que se espera dos serviços de saúde. Por isso, provoca espanto quando se fala que o processo de cuidado em saúde pode causar incidentes com danos. Alguns perigos são inerentes a esse processo – por exemplo, os efeitos colaterais conhecidos de determinados medicamentos. Outros podem ser consequências de erros, que acontecem em qualquer ramo de atividade, inclusive na saúde. Para fazer frente à frequência …
Religiosity, Political Orientation, and Consequentialist Moral Thinking
Three studies demonstrated that the moral judgments of religious individuals and political conservatives are highly insensitive to consequentialist (i.e., outcome-based) considerations. In Study 1, both religiosity and political conservatism predicted a resistance toward consequentialist thinking concerning a range of transgressive acts, independent of other relevant dispositional factors (e.g., disgust sensitivity). Study 2 ruled out differences…
Psychological Essentialism in Selecting the 14th Dalai Lama: An Alternative Account
common-sense psychological essentialism as applied to objects could explain the selection process for the 14 th Dalai Lama in Tibet. Specifically, they argued that Tibetan bureaucrats represent the Dalai Lama’s personal objects as imbued with his essence. Because of this, they claimed, Tibetan bureaucrats test whether candidates are the reincarnation of the Dalai Lama based on whether the candidates can correctly identify, from a number of items,…
Agency and Morality
Cognitive traditions study how human beings utilize naive concepts of agency and morality to make judgments about persons and their actions and how these concepts and judgments are related. We discuss, in particular, how judgments of whether an action is intentional or not affect judgments of moral blame and moral wrongdoing. Cognitive approaches argue that judgments of intentionality constitute a fundamental factor in how humans calculate a pers…
Cardiovascular disease and high blood pressure trend analyses from 2002 to 2016: After the implementation of a salt reduction strategy
This research provides an indication about the impact a population-wide approach to CVD risk factors has on CVD trends themselves. Our results suggest that population-wide approaches can have an impact on the prevention and improvement of CVD control, reducing the number of CVD events, and eventually reducing premature death by CVD. As more restrictions on salt intake are being planned in Portugal in the next years, it is highly relevant to asses…
Which Appraisals Are Foundational to Moral Judgment? Harm, Injustice, and Beyond
Harm-centric accounts of judgments of moral wrongdoing argue that moral judgments are fundamentally based on appraisals of harm. However, past research has failed to operationally discriminate harm appraisals from appraisals related to injustice. Four studies carefully discriminated harm qua pain/suffering from injustice, alongside appraisals related to impurity, authority, and disloyalty. Appraisals of injustice outperformed appraisals of harm a…
Segurança do paciente: Criando organizações de saúde seguras
Promover, proteger e recuperar a saúde é o que se espera dos serviços de saúde. Por isso, provoca espanto quando se fala que o processo de cuidado em saúde pode causar incidentes com danos. Alguns perigos são inerentes a esse processo – por exemplo, os efeitos colaterais conhecidos de determinados medicamentos. Outros podem ser consequências de erros, que acontecem em qualquer ramo de atividade, inclusive na saúde. Para fazer frente à frequência …
In-hospital adverse drug events: Analysis of trend in Portuguese public hospitals
The objectives of this study were to analyze in-hospital adverse drug events (ADEs) in Portuguese public hospitals, and their association with mortality and the duration of hospitalization. We analyzed an administrative database containing the registration of all hospitalizations occurring in Portuguese public hospitals in 2013-2015. ADEs were identified using the codes E850-858.9 and E930-949.9 from ICD-9-CM. We identified all episodes with regi…
Segurança do paciente no cuidado odontológico: Revisão Integrativa
Eventos adversos constituem grave problema relacionado à qualidade do cuidado de saúde. A prática odontológica, por ser eminentemente invasiva e implicar contato íntimo e rotineiro com secreções, é potencialmente propícia à ocorrência desses eventos. Diversos estudos em segurança do paciente foram desenvolvidos nas duas últimas décadas, entretanto, em maior número no ambiente hospitalar, em função de sua complexidade organizacional, gravidade de …
Years of life lost by Covid-19 in Portugal and comparison with other European countries in 2020
COVID-19 has had a major impact on mortality rates in Portugal, as well as in other European countries. The relative impact of COVID-19 on the number of deaths has been greater than on the number of YLL, because COVID-19 deaths occur mostly in advanced ages
Strategies for the Psychological Support of the Healthcare Workforce during the Covid-19 Pandemic: The ERNST Study
The COVID-19 pandemic led to the implementation of interventions to provide emotional and psychological support to healthcare workers in many countries. This ecological study aims to describe the strategies implemented in different countries to support healthcare professionals during the outbreak. Data were collected through an online survey about the measures to address the impact of the pandemic on the mental health of healthcare workers. Healt…
Philosophy (17 works) · Psychology (16 works) · Epistemology (15 works) · Philosophy (10 works) · Social Psychology (10 works) · Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment (8 works) · Cognition (7 works) · Medicine (6 works) · Metaphysics (6 works) · Philosophy of mind (6 works)