Philip Brickman
Biographic Data
| ID | 367329 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Philip Brickman |
| GIVEN NAMES | Philip |
| FAMILY NAME | Brickman |
| SIGNATURE | BRICKMAN P |
| AFFILIATIONS | Northwestern University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 30 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 372 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 30 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1969 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1984 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Moral outrage and pragmatism: Explanations for collective action
Models of helping and coping.
Models of helping and coping
Microjustice and Macrojustice
Making trust easier and harder through two forms of sequential interaction
Advantages of difficult tasks1
If people work on a hard task before proceeding to one of intermediate difficulty, success will be relevant (predictive of future success) while failure will be irrelevant (not predictive of future failure). However, if they work first on an easy task, success will be irrelevant (not predictive of future success) while failure will be relevant (predictive of future failure). Previous research thus suggests that experience with hard tasks should a…
Lottery winners and accident victims: Is happiness relative
Preference for Inequality
In studying equality, the question is not just whether people prefer equality or not, but the conditions under which they will be willing to accept departures front equality of opportunity in order to obtain equality of outcome. Rawls has recently argued that people should be more likely to do so in an original position in which they do not know whether they themselves will be advantaged or disadvantaged in society. The present study asked 80 thr…
Crime and Punishment in Sports and Society
A distinction is drawn between equity‐based penalties, whose primary purpose is to restore fairness, and deterrent‐based penalties, whose primary purpose is to prevent deviance. Sports are offered as an example in which deviance is successfully encapsulated by the use of equity‐based penalties. Current criminal law is seen as deterrent‐based rather than equity‐based. Advantages of an equity‐based system of justice for criminals, for victims, and …
Performance enhancement by relevant success and irrelevant failure
Equity versus equality as factors in children's moral judgments of thefts, charity, and third-party transfers
Difficulty and diagnosticity as determinants of choice among tasks
Exposure effects in a free-choice situation
Expectancy for gradual or sudden improvement and reaction to success and failure
Attribution versus persuasion as a means for modifying behavior
The present research compared the relative effectiveness of an attribution strategy with a persuasion strategy in changing behavior. Study 1 attempted to teach fifth graders not to litter and to clean up after others. An attribution group was repeatedly told that they were neat and tidy people, a persuasion group was repeatedly told that they should be neat and tidy, and a control group received no treatment. Attribution proved considerably more …
Effects of varying exposure to another person with familiar or unfamiliar thought processes
Adaptation level determinants of satisfaction with equal and unequal outcome distributions in skill and chance situations
Causal chains: Attribution of responsibility as a function of immediate and prior causes
Moral judgment of theft, charity, and third-party transfers that increase or decrease equality
Effects of public and private expectancies on attributions of competence and interpersonal attraction1
Effects of Status and Knowledgeability of Audience on Self Presentation
This study tested the hypothesis that people would enhance their statement of performance expectancies before a higher status audience with power over their performance outcomes while becoming more modest before an audience of peers, and that this pattern would be most evident when the audience was believed to be relatively uninformed about the person's history of competence. Students stated their grade expectancies for a course to one of three a…
Expectancy, feedback, and disconfirmation as independent factors in outcome satisfaction
Previous research on the expectancy disconfirmation problem has been unjustified in concluding that no disconfirmati on effect exists because (o) proper tests for the effect were conducted only for low-expectancy subjects and (6) cumulative effects of expectancy disconfirmation comparable to the cumulative effects of winning or losing were never assessed. The present study achieved these ends by unconfounding overall performance expectancy and ex…
Balance theory and interpersonal coping in triads
Rational and nonrational elements in reactions to disconfirmation of performance expectancies
Drive and predisposition as factors in the attitudinal effects of mere exposure
Lottery winners and accident victims: Is happiness relative
Attribution versus persuasion as a means for modifying behavior
The present research compared the relative effectiveness of an attribution strategy with a persuasion strategy in changing behavior. Study 1 attempted to teach fifth graders not to litter and to clean up after others. An attribution group was repeatedly told that they were neat and tidy people, a persuasion group was repeatedly told that they should be neat and tidy, and a control group received no treatment. Attribution proved considerably more …
Drive and predisposition as factors in the attitudinal effects of mere exposure
Moral outrage and pragmatism: Explanations for collective action
Causal chains: Attribution of responsibility as a function of immediate and prior causes
Difficulty and diagnosticity as determinants of choice among tasks
Expectancy and feedback as independent factors in task performance
Preference for Inequality
In studying equality, the question is not just whether people prefer equality or not, but the conditions under which they will be willing to accept departures front equality of opportunity in order to obtain equality of outcome. Rawls has recently argued that people should be more likely to do so in an original position in which they do not know whether they themselves will be advantaged or disadvantaged in society. The present study asked 80 thr…
Effects of performance expectancy and outcome certainty on interest in social comparison
Rational and nonrational elements in reactions to disconfirmation of performance expectancies
Adaptation level determinants of satisfaction with equal and unequal outcome distributions in skill and chance situations
Effects of Status and Knowledgeability of Audience on Self Presentation
This study tested the hypothesis that people would enhance their statement of performance expectancies before a higher status audience with power over their performance outcomes while becoming more modest before an audience of peers, and that this pattern would be most evident when the audience was believed to be relatively uninformed about the person's history of competence. Students stated their grade expectancies for a course to one of three a…
Expectancy, feedback, and disconfirmation as independent factors in outcome satisfaction
Previous research on the expectancy disconfirmation problem has been unjustified in concluding that no disconfirmati on effect exists because (o) proper tests for the effect were conducted only for low-expectancy subjects and (6) cumulative effects of expectancy disconfirmation comparable to the cumulative effects of winning or losing were never assessed. The present study achieved these ends by unconfounding overall performance expectancy and ex…
Exposure effects in a free-choice situation
Consistency versus discrepancy as clues in the attribution of intelligence and motivation
Moral judgment of theft, charity, and third-party transfers that increase or decrease equality
Crime and Punishment in Sports and Society
A distinction is drawn between equity‐based penalties, whose primary purpose is to restore fairness, and deterrent‐based penalties, whose primary purpose is to prevent deviance. Sports are offered as an example in which deviance is successfully encapsulated by the use of equity‐based penalties. Current criminal law is seen as deterrent‐based rather than equity‐based. Advantages of an equity‐based system of justice for criminals, for victims, and …
Making trust easier and harder through two forms of sequential interaction
Effects of varying exposure to another person with familiar or unfamiliar thought processes
Equity versus equality as factors in children's moral judgments of thefts, charity, and third-party transfers
Balance theory and interpersonal coping in triads
When directness is the better part of valor: Effects of normative and informational pressure on direct and indirect attitude tests
Interpersonal Styles and Group Development: An Analysis of the Member-Leader Relationship. Richard D. Mann , Graham S. Gibbard , John J. Hartman
Expectancy and feedback as independent factors in task performance
Interpersonal Styles and Group Development: An Analysis of the Member-Leader Relationship. Richard D. Mann , Graham S. Gibbard , John J. Hartman
When directness is the better part of valor: Effects of normative and informational pressure on direct and indirect attitude tests
Consistency versus discrepancy as clues in the attribution of intelligence and motivation
Effects of performance expectancy and outcome certainty on interest in social comparison
Rational and nonrational elements in reactions to disconfirmation of performance expectancies
Drive and predisposition as factors in the attitudinal effects of mere exposure
Balance theory and interpersonal coping in triads
Effects of public and private expectancies on attributions of competence and interpersonal attraction1
Effects of Status and Knowledgeability of Audience on Self Presentation
This study tested the hypothesis that people would enhance their statement of performance expectancies before a higher status audience with power over their performance outcomes while becoming more modest before an audience of peers, and that this pattern would be most evident when the audience was believed to be relatively uninformed about the person's history of competence. Students stated their grade expectancies for a course to one of three a…
Expectancy, feedback, and disconfirmation as independent factors in outcome satisfaction
Previous research on the expectancy disconfirmation problem has been unjustified in concluding that no disconfirmati on effect exists because (o) proper tests for the effect were conducted only for low-expectancy subjects and (6) cumulative effects of expectancy disconfirmation comparable to the cumulative effects of winning or losing were never assessed. The present study achieved these ends by unconfounding overall performance expectancy and ex…
Difficulty and diagnosticity as determinants of choice among tasks
Exposure effects in a free-choice situation
Expectancy for gradual or sudden improvement and reaction to success and failure
Attribution versus persuasion as a means for modifying behavior
The present research compared the relative effectiveness of an attribution strategy with a persuasion strategy in changing behavior. Study 1 attempted to teach fifth graders not to litter and to clean up after others. An attribution group was repeatedly told that they were neat and tidy people, a persuasion group was repeatedly told that they should be neat and tidy, and a control group received no treatment. Attribution proved considerably more …
Effects of varying exposure to another person with familiar or unfamiliar thought processes
Adaptation level determinants of satisfaction with equal and unequal outcome distributions in skill and chance situations
Causal chains: Attribution of responsibility as a function of immediate and prior causes
Moral judgment of theft, charity, and third-party transfers that increase or decrease equality
Performance enhancement by relevant success and irrelevant failure
Equity versus equality as factors in children's moral judgments of thefts, charity, and third-party transfers
Preference for Inequality
In studying equality, the question is not just whether people prefer equality or not, but the conditions under which they will be willing to accept departures front equality of opportunity in order to obtain equality of outcome. Rawls has recently argued that people should be more likely to do so in an original position in which they do not know whether they themselves will be advantaged or disadvantaged in society. The present study asked 80 thr…
Crime and Punishment in Sports and Society
A distinction is drawn between equity‐based penalties, whose primary purpose is to restore fairness, and deterrent‐based penalties, whose primary purpose is to prevent deviance. Sports are offered as an example in which deviance is successfully encapsulated by the use of equity‐based penalties. Current criminal law is seen as deterrent‐based rather than equity‐based. Advantages of an equity‐based system of justice for criminals, for victims, and …
Advantages of difficult tasks1
If people work on a hard task before proceeding to one of intermediate difficulty, success will be relevant (predictive of future success) while failure will be irrelevant (not predictive of future failure). However, if they work first on an easy task, success will be irrelevant (not predictive of future success) while failure will be relevant (predictive of future failure). Previous research thus suggests that experience with hard tasks should a…
Lottery winners and accident victims: Is happiness relative
Psychology (28 works) · Social Psychology (27 works) · Social Psychology (19 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (10 works) · Cognitive psychology (9 works) · Developmental psychology (9 works) · Behavioral Health and Interventions (6 works) · Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics (6 works) · Expectancy theory (6 works) · Attribution (4 works)