Adam L Kelly
Biographic Data
| ID | 3746825 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Adam L Kelly |
| GIVEN NAMES | Adam L |
| FAMILY NAME | Kelly |
| SIGNATURE | KELLY A L |
| AFFILIATIONS | Birmingham City University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4929-1067 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 19 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 32 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 19 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2019 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
A Mixed-Methods Evaluation of a Post-Covid-Condition Rehabilitation and Recovery Intervention Delivered in a Football Club Community Trust
Aim: Post-COVID condition (PCC) is largely considered the biggest public health emergency in recent times. The role of exercise therapy in PCC is currently unknown, and evaluative studies are currently lacking in this area. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the effects of a football club community trust exercise rehabilitation programme on physical function and quality of life in individuals with PCC. Method: A mixed-methods retrospective de…
The royal Dutch football association (KNVB) relative age solutions project—part two: An adapted e-Delphi study
Introduction Following the lack of widely implemented interventions to mitigate Relative Age Effects (RAEs) in sports, the Royal Netherlands Football Association (KNVB) called on stakeholders to propose relative age solutions in youth soccer (Part One). This initial study yielded 13 lower-order potential solutions, many of which remain hypothetical. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate these solutions to overcome RAEs in youth soccer using a t…
More players can reach national and international levels”: Coaches perceptions of “birthday-banding” in youth squash and its potential for minimising relative age effects
Relative age effects (RAEs) are common across many youth sports that use age group structures to band athletes. This creates a significant overrepresentation of those who are born near the start of the selection cut-off date across talent pathways compared to those born towards the end. In an attempt to identify, select, and develop the most talented squash players based upon their long-term potential, England Squash designed and implemented the …
Relative age effects in European soccer: Their Association With Contextual Factors, Impact on Youth National Teams' Performance, and Presence at the Senior Level
Introduction Soccer systems promote early identification and specialisation practices to satisfy short- and long-term goals—both from sporting performance and financial gains perspectives. In this context, players are (de)selected based on observed performance level and on their ability to conform to given organisational demands, leading to the proliferation of selection biases, such as relative age effects (RAEs), which research has shown to inf…
Influences of sociocultural and historical constraints on athletes’ developmental experiences: A case study of baseball in Japan
Many observers have pointed out how baseball in Japan is narrated, taught, and played differently from its counterpart in North America. Hard-work, selfless behaviors, and defensive and collectivistic strategies are described as the basic tenets of Japanese baseball, often referred to as ‘Samurai Baseball’. This paper aims to investigate sports and non-sporting constraints that define this distinct way of perceiving the game. Ecological psycholog…
Talent drain or talent exchange? International recruitment strategies and players characteristics in Italian male youth football
I feel more comfortable in contact with similar-sized players: Male Youth Rugby Union Players’ Perceptions of Bio-Banded Training
The results suggest using bio-banded grouping for training, as an adjunct to chronological age grouping, may positively contribute to the holistic development of male youth players in rugby union irrespective of maturity status
Incentivised physical activity intervention promoting daily steps among university employees in the workplace through a team-based competition
Introduction: The benefits of walking on health and well-being is well established and regarded as the most accessible form of physical activity (PA) that most individuals can incorporate into their lives. Despite the benefits, the impact of a competitive walking intervention combined with a prize incentive in the workplace is yet to be established. The aim of this intervention was to promote PA among university employees through teams-based comp…
Exploring the Effects of Tasks with Different Decision-Making Levels on Ball Control, Passing Performance, and External Load in Youth Football
This study aimed to understand how the design of decision-making tasks affects youth football players' ball control, passing performance, and external load. A total of 16 male youth football players (age: 12.94 ± 0.25 years) competed in various tasks based on the following levels of decision-making: (i) low decision-making (Low DM), which consisted of a predefined ball control and passing sequence; (ii) moderate decision-making (Mod DM), which co…
All roads lead to Rome? Exploring birthplace effects and the ‘southern question’ in Italian soccer
The expression “southern question” is used in reference to the poverty and economic underdevelopment, less advanced social relations, and clientelist style of politics that characterize South-Italy compared to North and Central Italy. This study aimed to investigate the presence of the “southern question” in Italian soccer. Accordingly, we examined the birthplace distribution of 2,012 Italian soccer players who have played in any national represe…
Language games and blurry terminology: Can clarity enhance athlete development
This perspective focuses on the need for researchers and practitioners to carefully consider the clarity and consistency of their language in the context of athlete development. Evidence supporting a lack of congruency in the way certain terms and expressions are defined, understood, and operationalized continues to accumulate, highlighting the importance of this area for sport stakeholders and the potential looming crises. In systems that regula…
Talent identification and development in an English Premiership rugby union club: The Perspectives of Players and Coaches
The pathway towards senior professional status in sport is affected by a multitude of factors. An abductive examination of the talent identification and development processes at an English Premiership rugby union (RU) club was undertaken for the present study. Part one examined the perspectives on the selection and development processes of senior academy male players (n = 8), whereas part two explored the perceptions of male coaches (n = 7). A to…
The Influence of Contextual Factors on the Relative Age Effect in Male International Rugby Union: The Impact of Sociocultural Influences and Playing Position
The purpose of this study is not only to establish whether the relative age effect (RAE) exists in male international rugby union players, but also to investigate the impact of sociocultural influences (i.e., northern and southern hemispheres) and playing position (i.e., backs, forwards, and scrum-halves). The birth date and the playing position of 7144 senior male professional rugby players included in the rosters of the season 2020−2021 were co…
Workplace Physical Activity Barriers and Facilitators: A Qualitative Study Based on Employees Physical Activity Levels
These findings contribute to the limited literature in terms of evaluating obstacles and facilitators of university employees to encourage engagement with PA in the workplace. These findings can be applied to form PA, health, and wellbeing-related interventions specifically targeting these identified barriers that are experienced in the workplace and thereby potentially reducing absenteeism and increasing productivity
Talent Identification in an English Premiership Rugby Union Academy: Multidisciplinary Characteristics of Selected and Non-selected Male Under-15 Players
Entry into an academy can be a defining moment for a promising young player. The aim of this study was to explore the multidimensional characteristics that differentiated selected and non-selected male under-15 rugby union players at an English Premiership academy. Seventy-four players (mean age 14.6 ± 0.3 years: selected n = 29; non-selected n = 45) were measured across nine characteristics from four overarching factors: (a) anthropometric (n = …
Talent Identification and Relative Age Effects in English Male Rugby Union Pathways: From Entry to Expertise
A common practice in youth rugby union is to group players based on (bi)annual age with fixed cut-off dates. The overrepresentation of players born at the start of the cut-off date and the underrepresentation of players born toward the end of the cut-off date are termed relative age effects (RAEs). The aim of this study was to examine RAEs during entry into professional and international rugby union pathways in England, as well as comparing them …
"Birthday-Banding" as a Strategy to Moderate the Relative Age Effect: A Case Study Into the England Squash Talent Pathway
The relative age effect (RAE) is almost pervasive throughout youth sports, whereby relatively older athletes are consistently overrepresented compared to their relatively younger peers. Although researchers regularly cite the need for sports programs to incorporate strategies to moderate the RAE, organizational structures often continue to adopt a one-dimensional (bi)annual-age group approach. In an effort to combat this issue, England Squash imp…
Youth Sport and Covid-19: Contextual, Methodological, and Practical Considerations
One of the growing concerns among youth sport stakeholders is how the COVID-19 pandemic will shape youth sport development. Given the novelty and rapidly changing nature of these events, the impacts on development are not yet clear. Thus, to gain a deeper understanding of the impact of this crisis, it is crucial for researchers and practitioners to examine the effects on youth development at different timescales. Although we are seeing immediate …
Bio-banding in academy football: Player’s perceptions of a maturity matched tournament
Background: Individual differences in biological maturation impact player selection and development in youth football. Aim: To evaluate players perceptions of competing in a football tournament where they were matched by maturity rather than chronological age. Subjects: Participants included male junior footballers from three professional academies ( n = 115). Methods: The study employed multiple methods of analysis, including one sample mean t -…
"Birthday-Banding" as a Strategy to Moderate the Relative Age Effect: A Case Study Into the England Squash Talent Pathway
The relative age effect (RAE) is almost pervasive throughout youth sports, whereby relatively older athletes are consistently overrepresented compared to their relatively younger peers. Although researchers regularly cite the need for sports programs to incorporate strategies to moderate the RAE, organizational structures often continue to adopt a one-dimensional (bi)annual-age group approach. In an effort to combat this issue, England Squash imp…
Talent Identification in an English Premiership Rugby Union Academy: Multidisciplinary Characteristics of Selected and Non-selected Male Under-15 Players
Entry into an academy can be a defining moment for a promising young player. The aim of this study was to explore the multidimensional characteristics that differentiated selected and non-selected male under-15 rugby union players at an English Premiership academy. Seventy-four players (mean age 14.6 ± 0.3 years: selected n = 29; non-selected n = 45) were measured across nine characteristics from four overarching factors: (a) anthropometric (n = …
Youth Sport and Covid-19: Contextual, Methodological, and Practical Considerations
One of the growing concerns among youth sport stakeholders is how the COVID-19 pandemic will shape youth sport development. Given the novelty and rapidly changing nature of these events, the impacts on development are not yet clear. Thus, to gain a deeper understanding of the impact of this crisis, it is crucial for researchers and practitioners to examine the effects on youth development at different timescales. Although we are seeing immediate …
All roads lead to Rome? Exploring birthplace effects and the ‘southern question’ in Italian soccer
The expression “southern question” is used in reference to the poverty and economic underdevelopment, less advanced social relations, and clientelist style of politics that characterize South-Italy compared to North and Central Italy. This study aimed to investigate the presence of the “southern question” in Italian soccer. Accordingly, we examined the birthplace distribution of 2,012 Italian soccer players who have played in any national represe…
Talent Identification and Relative Age Effects in English Male Rugby Union Pathways: From Entry to Expertise
A common practice in youth rugby union is to group players based on (bi)annual age with fixed cut-off dates. The overrepresentation of players born at the start of the cut-off date and the underrepresentation of players born toward the end of the cut-off date are termed relative age effects (RAEs). The aim of this study was to examine RAEs during entry into professional and international rugby union pathways in England, as well as comparing them …
Language games and blurry terminology: Can clarity enhance athlete development
This perspective focuses on the need for researchers and practitioners to carefully consider the clarity and consistency of their language in the context of athlete development. Evidence supporting a lack of congruency in the way certain terms and expressions are defined, understood, and operationalized continues to accumulate, highlighting the importance of this area for sport stakeholders and the potential looming crises. In systems that regula…
Relative age effects in European soccer: Their Association With Contextual Factors, Impact on Youth National Teams' Performance, and Presence at the Senior Level
Introduction Soccer systems promote early identification and specialisation practices to satisfy short- and long-term goals—both from sporting performance and financial gains perspectives. In this context, players are (de)selected based on observed performance level and on their ability to conform to given organisational demands, leading to the proliferation of selection biases, such as relative age effects (RAEs), which research has shown to inf…
Talent identification and development in an English Premiership rugby union club: The Perspectives of Players and Coaches
The pathway towards senior professional status in sport is affected by a multitude of factors. An abductive examination of the talent identification and development processes at an English Premiership rugby union (RU) club was undertaken for the present study. Part one examined the perspectives on the selection and development processes of senior academy male players (n = 8), whereas part two explored the perceptions of male coaches (n = 7). A to…
Bio-banding in academy football: Player’s perceptions of a maturity matched tournament
Background: Individual differences in biological maturation impact player selection and development in youth football. Aim: To evaluate players perceptions of competing in a football tournament where they were matched by maturity rather than chronological age. Subjects: Participants included male junior footballers from three professional academies ( n = 115). Methods: The study employed multiple methods of analysis, including one sample mean t -…
"Birthday-Banding" as a Strategy to Moderate the Relative Age Effect: A Case Study Into the England Squash Talent Pathway
The relative age effect (RAE) is almost pervasive throughout youth sports, whereby relatively older athletes are consistently overrepresented compared to their relatively younger peers. Although researchers regularly cite the need for sports programs to incorporate strategies to moderate the RAE, organizational structures often continue to adopt a one-dimensional (bi)annual-age group approach. In an effort to combat this issue, England Squash imp…
Youth Sport and Covid-19: Contextual, Methodological, and Practical Considerations
One of the growing concerns among youth sport stakeholders is how the COVID-19 pandemic will shape youth sport development. Given the novelty and rapidly changing nature of these events, the impacts on development are not yet clear. Thus, to gain a deeper understanding of the impact of this crisis, it is crucial for researchers and practitioners to examine the effects on youth development at different timescales. Although we are seeing immediate …
Talent Identification in an English Premiership Rugby Union Academy: Multidisciplinary Characteristics of Selected and Non-selected Male Under-15 Players
Entry into an academy can be a defining moment for a promising young player. The aim of this study was to explore the multidimensional characteristics that differentiated selected and non-selected male under-15 rugby union players at an English Premiership academy. Seventy-four players (mean age 14.6 ± 0.3 years: selected n = 29; non-selected n = 45) were measured across nine characteristics from four overarching factors: (a) anthropometric (n = …
Talent Identification and Relative Age Effects in English Male Rugby Union Pathways: From Entry to Expertise
A common practice in youth rugby union is to group players based on (bi)annual age with fixed cut-off dates. The overrepresentation of players born at the start of the cut-off date and the underrepresentation of players born toward the end of the cut-off date are termed relative age effects (RAEs). The aim of this study was to examine RAEs during entry into professional and international rugby union pathways in England, as well as comparing them …
The Influence of Contextual Factors on the Relative Age Effect in Male International Rugby Union: The Impact of Sociocultural Influences and Playing Position
The purpose of this study is not only to establish whether the relative age effect (RAE) exists in male international rugby union players, but also to investigate the impact of sociocultural influences (i.e., northern and southern hemispheres) and playing position (i.e., backs, forwards, and scrum-halves). The birth date and the playing position of 7144 senior male professional rugby players included in the rosters of the season 2020−2021 were co…
Workplace Physical Activity Barriers and Facilitators: A Qualitative Study Based on Employees Physical Activity Levels
These findings contribute to the limited literature in terms of evaluating obstacles and facilitators of university employees to encourage engagement with PA in the workplace. These findings can be applied to form PA, health, and wellbeing-related interventions specifically targeting these identified barriers that are experienced in the workplace and thereby potentially reducing absenteeism and increasing productivity
Exploring the Effects of Tasks with Different Decision-Making Levels on Ball Control, Passing Performance, and External Load in Youth Football
This study aimed to understand how the design of decision-making tasks affects youth football players' ball control, passing performance, and external load. A total of 16 male youth football players (age: 12.94 ± 0.25 years) competed in various tasks based on the following levels of decision-making: (i) low decision-making (Low DM), which consisted of a predefined ball control and passing sequence; (ii) moderate decision-making (Mod DM), which co…
All roads lead to Rome? Exploring birthplace effects and the ‘southern question’ in Italian soccer
The expression “southern question” is used in reference to the poverty and economic underdevelopment, less advanced social relations, and clientelist style of politics that characterize South-Italy compared to North and Central Italy. This study aimed to investigate the presence of the “southern question” in Italian soccer. Accordingly, we examined the birthplace distribution of 2,012 Italian soccer players who have played in any national represe…
Language games and blurry terminology: Can clarity enhance athlete development
This perspective focuses on the need for researchers and practitioners to carefully consider the clarity and consistency of their language in the context of athlete development. Evidence supporting a lack of congruency in the way certain terms and expressions are defined, understood, and operationalized continues to accumulate, highlighting the importance of this area for sport stakeholders and the potential looming crises. In systems that regula…
Talent identification and development in an English Premiership rugby union club: The Perspectives of Players and Coaches
The pathway towards senior professional status in sport is affected by a multitude of factors. An abductive examination of the talent identification and development processes at an English Premiership rugby union (RU) club was undertaken for the present study. Part one examined the perspectives on the selection and development processes of senior academy male players (n = 8), whereas part two explored the perceptions of male coaches (n = 7). A to…
Incentivised physical activity intervention promoting daily steps among university employees in the workplace through a team-based competition
Introduction: The benefits of walking on health and well-being is well established and regarded as the most accessible form of physical activity (PA) that most individuals can incorporate into their lives. Despite the benefits, the impact of a competitive walking intervention combined with a prize incentive in the workplace is yet to be established. The aim of this intervention was to promote PA among university employees through teams-based comp…
A Mixed-Methods Evaluation of a Post-Covid-Condition Rehabilitation and Recovery Intervention Delivered in a Football Club Community Trust
Aim: Post-COVID condition (PCC) is largely considered the biggest public health emergency in recent times. The role of exercise therapy in PCC is currently unknown, and evaluative studies are currently lacking in this area. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the effects of a football club community trust exercise rehabilitation programme on physical function and quality of life in individuals with PCC. Method: A mixed-methods retrospective de…
The royal Dutch football association (KNVB) relative age solutions project—part two: An adapted e-Delphi study
Introduction Following the lack of widely implemented interventions to mitigate Relative Age Effects (RAEs) in sports, the Royal Netherlands Football Association (KNVB) called on stakeholders to propose relative age solutions in youth soccer (Part One). This initial study yielded 13 lower-order potential solutions, many of which remain hypothetical. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate these solutions to overcome RAEs in youth soccer using a t…
More players can reach national and international levels”: Coaches perceptions of “birthday-banding” in youth squash and its potential for minimising relative age effects
Relative age effects (RAEs) are common across many youth sports that use age group structures to band athletes. This creates a significant overrepresentation of those who are born near the start of the selection cut-off date across talent pathways compared to those born towards the end. In an attempt to identify, select, and develop the most talented squash players based upon their long-term potential, England Squash designed and implemented the …
Relative age effects in European soccer: Their Association With Contextual Factors, Impact on Youth National Teams' Performance, and Presence at the Senior Level
Introduction Soccer systems promote early identification and specialisation practices to satisfy short- and long-term goals—both from sporting performance and financial gains perspectives. In this context, players are (de)selected based on observed performance level and on their ability to conform to given organisational demands, leading to the proliferation of selection biases, such as relative age effects (RAEs), which research has shown to inf…
Influences of sociocultural and historical constraints on athletes’ developmental experiences: A case study of baseball in Japan
Many observers have pointed out how baseball in Japan is narrated, taught, and played differently from its counterpart in North America. Hard-work, selfless behaviors, and defensive and collectivistic strategies are described as the basic tenets of Japanese baseball, often referred to as ‘Samurai Baseball’. This paper aims to investigate sports and non-sporting constraints that define this distinct way of perceiving the game. Ecological psycholog…
Talent drain or talent exchange? International recruitment strategies and players characteristics in Italian male youth football
I feel more comfortable in contact with similar-sized players: Male Youth Rugby Union Players’ Perceptions of Bio-Banded Training
The results suggest using bio-banded grouping for training, as an adjunct to chronological age grouping, may positively contribute to the holistic development of male youth players in rugby union irrespective of maturity status
Psychology (15 works) · Sport Psychology and Performance (15 works) · Sociology (11 works) · Sports Performance and Training (10 works) · Medicine (9 works) · Sports injuries and prevention (9 works) · Demography (7 works) · Geography (7 works) · Physical therapy (6 works) · Political science (6 works)