Markus Lang
Biographic Data
| ID | 3748795 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Markus Lang |
| GIVEN NAMES | Markus |
| FAMILY NAME | Lang |
| SIGNATURE | LANG M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Zurich |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6837-790X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 14 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 19 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 14 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2008 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
The economic and regulatory differences between professional football and ice hockey in Switzerland
Switzerland's most prominent professional sports leagues are ice hockey's Swiss National League and football's Swiss Super League.Despite these leagues' importance within Swiss sport, their economic and regulatory landscapes have never been examined in detail.The present study addressed this research gap by comparing five key aspects of the two leagues: local potential, market environment, managerial expertise, marketing expertise, and regulatory…
The influence of public subsidies on strategic decision-making and resource allocation
Performance under pressure and its impact on compensation
Introducing the Berggruen Governance Index I
Governance is at the heart of how well governments meet public needs and manage a wide array of common problems. Why do some countries perform poorly in delivering healthcare, reducing inequality, providing a clean environment or delivering some other public good to their populations even while they have the resources to do so? Does the capacity of states to provide the basics for societies to thrive depend on forms of democratic accountability t…
Introducing the Berggruen Governance Index II
This article presents an overview of some of the main findings from our analysis of the Berggruen Governance Index for the 2000–2019 period. It first examines overall governance performance across world regions, singles out general trends and identifies top and bottom performers. It then briefly reviews the comparative governance performance of world powers like the United States, Brazil, China, major European countries, India and Russia as well …
Talent concentration and competitive imbalance in European soccer
Our results suggest that repeated participation in the UEFA Champions League, with its considerable monetary returns by (more or less) the same subset of teams, does not increase competitive imbalance in the respective national league. Thus, with relatively few additional regulatory interventions, the promotion and relegation system in the open European soccer leagues seems effective in ensuring a balanced competition
Streaming the beautiful game
This study investigates the evolving role of major technology corporations—namely, Amazon, Apple, Microsoft, Facebook, Netflix, and Google—in the sports industry, with a specific focus on soccer. By employing a qualitative content analysis of media reports, scientific literature, and annual reports from 2000 to 2021, the research scrutinizes the varying approaches and investments of these tech giants in the domain of sports. The findings classify…
Why Not Replace GDP
This is a comment on Katharina Lima de Miranda and Dennis Snower’s multidimensional approach for the assessment of human well-being. It applauds the authors for looking “beyond GDP” but urges them to go one step further and replace GDP as a measure of material well-being by growth national income and actual individual consumption. Unlike GDP, these alternative measures for material well-being can be used to single out activities by multinational …
Preliminary Evidence Assessing Social–Emotional Competences in Deaf and Hard of Hearing Infants and Toddlers Using a New Parent Questionnaire
Social-emotional competences are an important developmental domain for deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) children and early diagnosis of problems is needed to ensure that DHH children receive appropriate support in this domain. In order to explore the usefulness of an instrument, which was recently developed for very young children, two studies in DHH infants and toddlers were conducted from Germany using the Social-Emotional Assessment/Evaluation M…
Why Taxing Executives' Bonuses Can Foster Risk-Taking Behavior
Bonus taxes have been implemented to prevent managers from taking excessive risks. This paper analyzes the effects of taxing executives' bonuses in a principal- agent model. Our model shows that, contrary to its intention, the introduction of a bonus tax intensifies managers' risk-taking behavior and decreases their effort. The principal responds to a bonus tax by offering the manager a higher fixed salary but a lower incentive-based component (b…
Spillovers in Sports Leagues with Promotion and Relegation
This paper analyzes spillover effects in sports leagues that are embedded in a system of promotion and relegation. Based on a contest model of a professional sports league with a top division and a second division, we show that league prizes and club efficiencies have opposing effects; while a stronger second division that offers a higher league prize leads to a more balanced top division, the opposite is true for a stronger second division whose…
A Theoretical Analysis of the Influence of Money Injections on Risk Taking in Football Clubs
This paper analyzes the adverse incentive effects produced by money injections of benefactors [sugar daddies (SD)]. We show that the existence of a SD induces the club to choose a riskier investment strategy and the more the SD commits to bailout the club, the more the clubs’ optimal level of riskiness increases. Moreover, a private SD bails out the club less often than a public SD. Our model further shows that a ‘too‐big‐to‐fail’ phenomenon exis…
The Sugar Daddy Game
Professional sports leagues have witnessed the appearance of sugar daddies - people who invest enormous amounts of money in clubs and become their owners. This paper presents a contest model of a professional sports league that incorporates this phenomenon. We analyze how the appearance of a sugar daddy alters competitive balance and social welfare with respect to a league with purely profit-maximizing club owners. We further show that the welfar…
Overinvestment in Team Sports Leagues
This paper applies contest theory to provide an integrated framework of a team sports league and analyzes the competitive interaction between clubs. We show that dissipation of the league revenue arises from ‘overinvestment’ in playing talent as a direct consequence of the ruinous competitive interaction between clubs. This overinvestment problem increases if the discriminatory power of the contest function increases, revenue‐sharing decreases, a…
Overinvestment in Team Sports Leagues
This paper applies contest theory to provide an integrated framework of a team sports league and analyzes the competitive interaction between clubs. We show that dissipation of the league revenue arises from ‘overinvestment’ in playing talent as a direct consequence of the ruinous competitive interaction between clubs. This overinvestment problem increases if the discriminatory power of the contest function increases, revenue‐sharing decreases, a…
A Theoretical Analysis of the Influence of Money Injections on Risk Taking in Football Clubs
This paper analyzes the adverse incentive effects produced by money injections of benefactors [sugar daddies (SD)]. We show that the existence of a SD induces the club to choose a riskier investment strategy and the more the SD commits to bailout the club, the more the clubs’ optimal level of riskiness increases. Moreover, a private SD bails out the club less often than a public SD. Our model further shows that a ‘too‐big‐to‐fail’ phenomenon exis…
Spillovers in Sports Leagues with Promotion and Relegation
This paper analyzes spillover effects in sports leagues that are embedded in a system of promotion and relegation. Based on a contest model of a professional sports league with a top division and a second division, we show that league prizes and club efficiencies have opposing effects; while a stronger second division that offers a higher league prize leads to a more balanced top division, the opposite is true for a stronger second division whose…
Performance under pressure and its impact on compensation
Overinvestment in Team Sports Leagues
This paper applies contest theory to provide an integrated framework of a team sports league and analyzes the competitive interaction between clubs. We show that dissipation of the league revenue arises from ‘overinvestment’ in playing talent as a direct consequence of the ruinous competitive interaction between clubs. This overinvestment problem increases if the discriminatory power of the contest function increases, revenue‐sharing decreases, a…
The Sugar Daddy Game
Professional sports leagues have witnessed the appearance of sugar daddies - people who invest enormous amounts of money in clubs and become their owners. This paper presents a contest model of a professional sports league that incorporates this phenomenon. We analyze how the appearance of a sugar daddy alters competitive balance and social welfare with respect to a league with purely profit-maximizing club owners. We further show that the welfar…
A Theoretical Analysis of the Influence of Money Injections on Risk Taking in Football Clubs
This paper analyzes the adverse incentive effects produced by money injections of benefactors [sugar daddies (SD)]. We show that the existence of a SD induces the club to choose a riskier investment strategy and the more the SD commits to bailout the club, the more the clubs’ optimal level of riskiness increases. Moreover, a private SD bails out the club less often than a public SD. Our model further shows that a ‘too‐big‐to‐fail’ phenomenon exis…
Spillovers in Sports Leagues with Promotion and Relegation
This paper analyzes spillover effects in sports leagues that are embedded in a system of promotion and relegation. Based on a contest model of a professional sports league with a top division and a second division, we show that league prizes and club efficiencies have opposing effects; while a stronger second division that offers a higher league prize leads to a more balanced top division, the opposite is true for a stronger second division whose…
Why Taxing Executives' Bonuses Can Foster Risk-Taking Behavior
Bonus taxes have been implemented to prevent managers from taking excessive risks. This paper analyzes the effects of taxing executives' bonuses in a principal- agent model. Our model shows that, contrary to its intention, the introduction of a bonus tax intensifies managers' risk-taking behavior and decreases their effort. The principal responds to a bonus tax by offering the manager a higher fixed salary but a lower incentive-based component (b…
Preliminary Evidence Assessing Social–Emotional Competences in Deaf and Hard of Hearing Infants and Toddlers Using a New Parent Questionnaire
Social-emotional competences are an important developmental domain for deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) children and early diagnosis of problems is needed to ensure that DHH children receive appropriate support in this domain. In order to explore the usefulness of an instrument, which was recently developed for very young children, two studies in DHH infants and toddlers were conducted from Germany using the Social-Emotional Assessment/Evaluation M…
Why Not Replace GDP
This is a comment on Katharina Lima de Miranda and Dennis Snower’s multidimensional approach for the assessment of human well-being. It applauds the authors for looking “beyond GDP” but urges them to go one step further and replace GDP as a measure of material well-being by growth national income and actual individual consumption. Unlike GDP, these alternative measures for material well-being can be used to single out activities by multinational …
Introducing the Berggruen Governance Index I
Governance is at the heart of how well governments meet public needs and manage a wide array of common problems. Why do some countries perform poorly in delivering healthcare, reducing inequality, providing a clean environment or delivering some other public good to their populations even while they have the resources to do so? Does the capacity of states to provide the basics for societies to thrive depend on forms of democratic accountability t…
Introducing the Berggruen Governance Index II
This article presents an overview of some of the main findings from our analysis of the Berggruen Governance Index for the 2000–2019 period. It first examines overall governance performance across world regions, singles out general trends and identifies top and bottom performers. It then briefly reviews the comparative governance performance of world powers like the United States, Brazil, China, major European countries, India and Russia as well …
Talent concentration and competitive imbalance in European soccer
Our results suggest that repeated participation in the UEFA Champions League, with its considerable monetary returns by (more or less) the same subset of teams, does not increase competitive imbalance in the respective national league. Thus, with relatively few additional regulatory interventions, the promotion and relegation system in the open European soccer leagues seems effective in ensuring a balanced competition
Streaming the beautiful game
This study investigates the evolving role of major technology corporations—namely, Amazon, Apple, Microsoft, Facebook, Netflix, and Google—in the sports industry, with a specific focus on soccer. By employing a qualitative content analysis of media reports, scientific literature, and annual reports from 2000 to 2021, the research scrutinizes the varying approaches and investments of these tech giants in the domain of sports. The findings classify…
The economic and regulatory differences between professional football and ice hockey in Switzerland
Switzerland's most prominent professional sports leagues are ice hockey's Swiss National League and football's Swiss Super League.Despite these leagues' importance within Swiss sport, their economic and regulatory landscapes have never been examined in detail.The present study addressed this research gap by comparing five key aspects of the two leagues: local potential, market environment, managerial expertise, marketing expertise, and regulatory…
The influence of public subsidies on strategic decision-making and resource allocation
Performance under pressure and its impact on compensation
Economics (9 works) · Sports Analytics and Performance (9 works) · Business (8 works) · Political science (8 works) · Sport and Mega-Event Impacts (6 works) · Sports, Gender, and Society (6 works) · Computer Science (5 works) · League (4 works) · Microeconomics (4 works) · Club (3 works)