Janice D Yoder
Biographic Data
| ID | 3751086 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Janice D Yoder |
| GIVEN NAMES | Janice D |
| FAMILY NAME | Yoder |
| SIGNATURE | YODER J D |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Akron |
| ORCID | 0009-0007-8977-123X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 59 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 662 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 59 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1983 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2021 |
| H-INDEX | 15 |
Reflections About What I Learned as an Editor Making Judgments about Gender and Gendered Contexts with a Feminist Perspective
Helping Students to Connect Gender With Social Status: A Teaching Brief
Challenging the Gendered Academic Hierarchy: The Artificial Separation of Research, Teaching, and Feminist Activism
In my 2017 Sherif Award address, I pay tribute to Carolyn Wood Sherif for her insightful exposure of an academic hierarchy in psychology and her call to be skeptical not only of our research choices but also of our career choices. I contend that the artificial separation of research/scholarship and teaching/mentoring, along with the masculinization and privileging of the former over the latter, contributes to perpetuating this gendered academic h…
Pseudo-Blog Assignments With Discussion Make Undergraduates Better Users of Academic Research on Women and Gender
Looking Backward and Moving Forward: Our Feminist Imperative to Do Work That Matters
To prepare to write this closing editorial that caps my 6-year term as Psychology of Women Quarterly (PWQ)’s editor, I turned to my opening editorial (Yoder, 2010) with some trepidation. Because I now am a much more seasoned editor, I feared that I would find views that would make me cringe. However, I am delighted to report that the general path for considering submissions that I outlined there does accurately describe my practices. I submit tha…
Sex Roles: An Up-to-Date Gender Journal with an Outdated Name
Tokenism
Finding Optimal Functioning in a Sexist World: A Social Justice Challenge
Focusing in on a point of convergence among the three reactions generously shared regarding Yoder, Snell, and Tobias (2012), the author revisits our original interpretation of the configuration we labeled awakening feminism as well as its implications for counseling practice. Rather than regard awakening feminism as a distressful stage through which some college students may pass on the way to established feminism, the infusion of a social justic…
Balancing Multicultural Competence With Social Justice: Feminist Beliefs and Optimal Psychological Functioning
To identify a multivariate configuration of feminist beliefs best associated with optimal psychological functioning, 215 mostly White college women completed an online survey measuring their feminist beliefs (Feminist Perspectives Scale, Attitudes toward Feminism and the Women’s Movement, sense of common fate, and Feminist Identity Composite) and 13 measures of well-being with liberation, encompassing individual (e.g., well-being), interpersonal …
Thirty-Five Years and Counting: Feminist Psychology in PWQ , a Job for the Long Haul
Life as a woman in psychology has changed a lot since the movement which gave birth to all of this started. I moved from blissful unawareness of the source of my low status to a realization about how much of what happened to me was due to the deeply rooted reflexive sexism of my discipline. The association has moved a long way—the mere presence of women in the hallways and at the table of the governance bodies has been the greatest consciousness-…
When Declaring “I am a Feminist” Matters: Labeling is Linked to Activism
Are Gender Differences in Self-Reported Rumination Explained by Women’s Stereotyping
Does “Making a Difference” Still Make a Difference: A Textbook Author’s Reflections
Social Status, Not Gender Alone, Is Implicated in Different Reactions By Women and Men to Social Ostracism
What Every Woman Should Know About the Gendered Maze of Becoming A Leader
Are Television Commercials Still Achievement Scripts for Women
Content analyses of television advertising document the ubiquity of traditional images of women, yet few studies have explored their impact. One noteworthy exception is the experiment by Geis, Brown, Jennings, and Porter (1984) . These researchers found that the achievement aspirations of controls and women exposed to traditional images were lower than those of both women who viewed nontraditional replicas and men, leading to the conclusion that …
Testing a Culture-Specific Extension of Objectification Theory Regarding African American Women's Body Image
Objectification theory has emphasized objectification in terms of body shape and size. African American women may expect to be evaluated on additional physical attributes such as skin tone. Therefore, we extended previous research on objectification theory by adding separate measures of skin-tone concerns in a survey of 117 African American women. Results from a series of path analyses revealed that as hypothesized, habitual body monitoring of sk…
Reaching Management Scholars and Practitioners with a Feminist Agenda
Changes in Students’ Explanations for Gender Differences after Taking a Psychology of Women Class: More Constructionist and Less Essentialist
We explored how students’ endorsements of essential (biological and personality) and constructed (socialization and contextual) explanations for gender differences changed from the start to the end of Psychology of Women (POW) classes along with their feminist attitudes. Results from surveys of 120 POW students from three universities indicated that these students began class with more feminist awareness, immersion, and constructionist thinking t…
What Good is a Feminist Identity: Women’s Feminist Identification and Role Expectations for Intimate and Sexual Relationships
The Gender Wage Gap: An Explanation of Men’s Elevated Wage Entitlement
Affirmative Action: Misunderstandings, Meritocracy, Misuses, and Malignity
Gender Differences in Leader Emergence Persist Even for Dominant Women: An Updated Confirmation of Role Congruity Theory
Role congruity theory predicts that women will be less likely than men to emerge as leaders when expectations for the leader role are incongruent with gender stereotypes. A 2 × 2 × 3 design that crossed the sex of the dominant partner, mixed- and same-sex dyads, and masculine, feminine, and neutral tasks involved 120 dyads of unacquainted college students in which one partner scored higher in dominance. In same-sex partnerships, the dominant memb…
An Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Womanist Identity Attitudes Scale
The Role of Status in Producing Depressed Entitlement in Women's and Men's Pay Allocations
Extensive empirical evidence confirms a depressed entitlement effect wherein women pay themselves less than men for comparable work and believe the allocation fair. The present study tests the hypothesis that status subordination linked to being female underlies at least some of this effect. A 2 × 3 design crossed 180 undergraduates' gender with a control condition, which successfully established the depressed entitlement effect, and two experime…
Rethinking Tokenism: Looking Beyond Numbers
The purpose of this article is to assess Rosabeth Moss Kanter's work on tokenism in light of more than a decade of research and discussion. While Kanter argued that performance pressures, social isolation, and role encapsulation were the consequences of disproportionate numbers of women and men in a workplace, a review of empirical data concludes that these outcomes occur only for token women in gender-inappropriate occupations. Furthermore, Kant…
When Declaring “I am a Feminist” Matters: Labeling is Linked to Activism
Testing a Culture-Specific Extension of Objectification Theory Regarding African American Women's Body Image
Objectification theory has emphasized objectification in terms of body shape and size. African American women may expect to be evaluated on additional physical attributes such as skin tone. Therefore, we extended previous research on objectification theory by adding separate measures of skin-tone concerns in a survey of 117 African American women. Results from a series of path analyses revealed that as hypothesized, habitual body monitoring of sk…
Toward a Feminist Understanding of Women and Power
Both psychologists and feminists believe power is an important and ubiquitous concept, yet its definition and scope eludes both groups. In this introduction to a special issue on women and power, we suggest three points to help organize and interpret research in the area. First, definitions of power should center around the distinction between “power-over,” the domination and control of one person or group over another, and “power-to” or personal…
Looking Beyond Numbers: The Effects of Gender Status, Job Prestige, and Occupational Gender-Typing on Tokenism Processes
Janice D. Yoder, Looking Beyond Numbers: The Effects of Gender Status, Job Prestige, and Occupational Gender-Typing on Tokenism Processes, Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 57, No. 2 (Jun., 1994), pp. 150-159
Outsider Within” the Firehouse: African American and White Women Firefighters
Prior findings regarding (a) the subordination of African American women firefighters through imposed exclusion, (b) expanded definitions of tokenism and workgroup composition, and (c) the omnirelevance of race/ethnicity in Black women's perceptions of work experiences are extended to White women firefighters. A nationwide sample of 24 White women firefighters completed a 20-page survey and 1 hr interview developed from these previous findings. B…
Gender Differences in Leader Emergence Persist Even for Dominant Women: An Updated Confirmation of Role Congruity Theory
Role congruity theory predicts that women will be less likely than men to emerge as leaders when expectations for the leader role are incongruent with gender stereotypes. A 2 × 2 × 3 design that crossed the sex of the dominant partner, mixed- and same-sex dyads, and masculine, feminine, and neutral tasks involved 120 dyads of unacquainted college students in which one partner scored higher in dominance. In same-sex partnerships, the dominant memb…
Outsider Within' the Firehouse: Subordination and Difference in the Social Interactions of African American Women Firefighters
From the perspective of African American women firefighters, the authors examine the social interactions that make them excluded 'outsiders within' their firehouses and different from not only dominant white men but also other subordinated groups of Black men and white women firefighters. Drawing on extensive survey data from 24 Black women career firefighters nationwide and detailed interviews with 22 of these, the authors found persistent and p…
Gendered norms for family size, employment, and occupation: Are there personal costs for violating them
Balancing Multicultural Competence With Social Justice: Feminist Beliefs and Optimal Psychological Functioning
To identify a multivariate configuration of feminist beliefs best associated with optimal psychological functioning, 215 mostly White college women completed an online survey measuring their feminist beliefs (Feminist Perspectives Scale, Attitudes toward Feminism and the Women’s Movement, sense of common fate, and Feminist Identity Composite) and 13 measures of well-being with liberation, encompassing individual (e.g., well-being), interpersonal …
The Psychology of Women and Conservatism: Rediscovering Social Change
Although one goal of the psychology of women has been to enhance the status of women through social change, this goal has seldom been realized. Theory and research in the psychology of women have focused on gender differences and the personality of women rather than the society that oppresses women. As a result, this research has tended to blame women for their position in society and helped maintain the status quo, which can inhibit the struggle…
When pranks become harassment: The case of african American women firefighters
Is it All in the Numbers: A Case Study of Tokenism
The purpose of the present study is to explore whether the negative consequences of tokenism are the result of imbalanced proportions alone, or whether society-wide sex role stereotypes which affect male and female tokens differently are also a factor. Men working at concession stands at an amusement attraction were assigned by the experimenters to one of two work groups in which the numbers of women and men were either skewed or balanced. Unlike…
What Good is a Feminist Identity: Women’s Feminist Identification and Role Expectations for Intimate and Sexual Relationships
Changes in Students’ Explanations for Gender Differences after Taking a Psychology of Women Class: More Constructionist and Less Essentialist
We explored how students’ endorsements of essential (biological and personality) and constructed (socialization and contextual) explanations for gender differences changed from the start to the end of Psychology of Women (POW) classes along with their feminist attitudes. Results from surveys of 120 POW students from three universities indicated that these students began class with more feminist awareness, immersion, and constructionist thinking t…
Undergraduates regard deviation from occupational gender stereotypes as costly for women
The responses of African American women firefighters to gender harassment at work
Making Gender Comparisons More Meaningful: A Call for More Attention to Social Context
We challenge researchers to consider sex and gender as a marker for possible social contextual differences. Disappointed by both philosophical and empirical attempts to find coherence in research making gender comparisons, we selectively review studies showing both context-specific similarities between women and men where overall comparisons found differences as well as context-specific differences where general patterns of similarity existed. Th…
Division 35 Presidential Address: Context Matters: Understanding Tokenism Processes and Their Impact on Women's Work
Awarded for your spectacular contributions to feminist psychology, Division 35 presents to you the Carolyn Wood Sherif Award. A prodigious researcher and theorist, you break down the artificial distinctions between basic and applied work and between erudition and accessibility. In your scholarship you have raised to the forefront neglected variables such as ethnicity, social class, and disability. Your creativity, courage, warmth, and generosity …
Stigmatization of Non-Normative Family Size Status
Making Leadership Work More Effectively for Women
This article explores strategies for enhancing women's effectiveness as leaders by first recognizing that leadership itself is gendered and is enacted within a gendered context, two themes that recur throughout this issue. These contexts exist along a continuum ranging from male‐dominated, hierarchical, performance‐oriented, power‐expressive and thus masculinized contexts at one extreme to transformational contexts that stress the empowerment of …
Looking beyond gender: The effects of racial differences on tokenism perceptions of women
To Teach is to Learn: Overcoming Tokenism with Mentors
Active mentors, persons who are not simply role models, have been shown to facilitate and enhance career growth, yet the token role of women entering traditionally masculine professions was shown to inhibit sponsorships. An analysis of a sample of exit interviews from the first women cadets to graduate from West Point revealed that the marginal peer acceptance of tokens within a competitive, somewhat constrained atmosphere discouraged the develop…
An Academic Woman as a Token: A Case Study
Through a case history of the author's experiences as one of the first civilian faculty members at an United States military academy, tokenism under extreme circumstances and its effects on an individual are described. Hypotheses for future work in the area are proposed, and coping strategies are explored. Women's support groups, psychotherapists, social psychologists, sociologists, and policymakers are exhorted to be aware of tokenism and to wor…
Empowering Token Women Leaders: The Importance of Organizationally Legitimated Credibility
We hypothesized that, in a masculine task, only token women leaders who were empowered through position (by being appointed leader) and expertise (trained with task-relevant information) and legitimated by a male experimenter as credible would be more effective in influencing the performance of their all-male groups than appointed-only and appointed-trained leaders. Thirty women undergraduates each led a small group of male students on a moon sur…
Another look at women in the united states army: A comment on woelfel's article
Is it All in the Numbers: A Case Study of Tokenism
The purpose of the present study is to explore whether the negative consequences of tokenism are the result of imbalanced proportions alone, or whether society-wide sex role stereotypes which affect male and female tokens differently are also a factor. Men working at concession stands at an amusement attraction were assigned by the experimenters to one of two work groups in which the numbers of women and men were either skewed or balanced. Unlike…
To Teach is to Learn: Overcoming Tokenism with Mentors
Active mentors, persons who are not simply role models, have been shown to facilitate and enhance career growth, yet the token role of women entering traditionally masculine professions was shown to inhibit sponsorships. An analysis of a sample of exit interviews from the first women cadets to graduate from West Point revealed that the marginal peer acceptance of tokens within a competitive, somewhat constrained atmosphere discouraged the develop…
An Academic Woman as a Token: A Case Study
Through a case history of the author's experiences as one of the first civilian faculty members at an United States military academy, tokenism under extreme circumstances and its effects on an individual are described. Hypotheses for future work in the area are proposed, and coping strategies are explored. Women's support groups, psychotherapists, social psychologists, sociologists, and policymakers are exhorted to be aware of tokenism and to wor…
The Psychology of Women and Conservatism: Rediscovering Social Change
Although one goal of the psychology of women has been to enhance the status of women through social change, this goal has seldom been realized. Theory and research in the psychology of women have focused on gender differences and the personality of women rather than the society that oppresses women. As a result, this research has tended to blame women for their position in society and helped maintain the status quo, which can inhibit the struggle…
The Power of Numbers in Influencing Hiring Decisions
This article explores the influence that the proportion of women in a department has on hiring decisions in the field of psychology. A sample of advertisers from the APA Monitor was asked to identify the gender of the candidate hired. Hiring patterns were the same for men and women hirers in nonacademic organizations, as each favored male candidates. In academic hiring, women candidates were favored in departments with moderate female representat…
Rethinking Tokenism: Looking Beyond Numbers
The purpose of this article is to assess Rosabeth Moss Kanter's work on tokenism in light of more than a decade of research and discussion. While Kanter argued that performance pressures, social isolation, and role encapsulation were the consequences of disproportionate numbers of women and men in a workplace, a review of empirical data concludes that these outcomes occur only for token women in gender-inappropriate occupations. Furthermore, Kant…
Toward a Feminist Understanding of Women and Power
Both psychologists and feminists believe power is an important and ubiquitous concept, yet its definition and scope eludes both groups. In this introduction to a special issue on women and power, we suggest three points to help organize and interpret research in the area. First, definitions of power should center around the distinction between “power-over,” the domination and control of one person or group over another, and “power-to” or personal…
Working toward an inclusive psychology of women
Working toward an inclusive psychology of women
New Directions in Feminist Psychology: Practice, Theory, and Research
Looking Beyond Numbers: The Effects of Gender Status, Job Prestige, and Occupational Gender-Typing on Tokenism Processes
Janice D. Yoder, Looking Beyond Numbers: The Effects of Gender Status, Job Prestige, and Occupational Gender-Typing on Tokenism Processes, Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 57, No. 2 (Jun., 1994), pp. 150-159
The responses of African American women firefighters to gender harassment at work
Looking beyond gender: The effects of racial differences on tokenism perceptions of women
Undergraduates regard deviation from occupational gender stereotypes as costly for women
When pranks become harassment: The case of african American women firefighters
Gendered norms for family size, employment, and occupation: Are there personal costs for violating them
The Generalizability and Construct Validity of the Modern Sexism Scale: Some Cautionary Notes
Outsider Within' the Firehouse: Subordination and Difference in the Social Interactions of African American Women Firefighters
From the perspective of African American women firefighters, the authors examine the social interactions that make them excluded 'outsiders within' their firehouses and different from not only dominant white men but also other subordinated groups of Black men and white women firefighters. Drawing on extensive survey data from 24 Black women career firefighters nationwide and detailed interviews with 22 of these, the authors found persistent and p…
II. The Reproduction of a Skeptical, Feminist Social Psychologist
Measuring Sexist Discrimination in the Workplace: Support for the Validity of the Schedule of Sexist Events
Surveys of 14 African American and 30 White women firefighters support reliability and validity claims for the Sexist Discrimination in the Workplace subscale of the Schedule of Sexist Events, developed by Klonoff and Landrine (1995). The more sexist events at work these women reported in the past year, the lower the perceived valuation of respondents by coworkers and the greater the job stresses associated with token status, with being a pioneer…
Empowering Token Women Leaders: The Importance of Organizationally Legitimated Credibility
We hypothesized that, in a masculine task, only token women leaders who were empowered through position (by being appointed leader) and expertise (trained with task-relevant information) and legitimated by a male experimenter as credible would be more effective in influencing the performance of their all-male groups than appointed-only and appointed-trained leaders. Thirty women undergraduates each led a small group of male students on a moon sur…
Stigmatization of Non-Normative Family Size Status
Children need adults, not polemics
Children need adults, not polemics
Psychology (58 works) · Social Psychology (45 works) · Social Psychology (44 works) · Sociology (31 works) · Gender Diversity and Inequality (28 works) · Developmental psychology (25 works) · Gender Roles and Identity Studies (24 works) · Gender Studies (21 works) · Gender Studies (20 works) · Political science (19 works)