Jeffrey A Kelly
Biographic Data
| ID | 3800420 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Jeffrey A Kelly |
| GIVEN NAMES | Jeffrey A |
| FAMILY NAME | Kelly |
| SIGNATURE | KELLY J A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Medical College of Wisconsin |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5613-2809 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 98 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 380 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 98 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1977 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
PrEP Use Among Black Transgender Women: A Qualitative Study on Barriers to PrEP Use and the Power and Promise of Community
Factors associated with PrEP use in a community sample of African American men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) in the United States Midwest
Black sexual minority men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States are at disparate risk for contracting HIV infection, but pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use is suboptimal. Social network methods were used to recruit a community sample of racial minority MSM and transgender women (TGW) in two Midwestern US cities. 250 PrEP-eligible (HIV-negative) participants completed measures assessing current and intended PrEP use; demographic charac…
Stigma, serostatus disclosure, coping strategies, and the role of social capital resources among HIV care-nonadherent MSM in Russia: A qualitative analysis
The HIV epidemic continues to expand in Russia, with suboptimal levels of care uptake. This qualitative study aimed to characterize social capital resources and lived stigma experiences, coping, and disclosure among care-nonadherent men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV in Russia. Twenty-five HIV-positive MSM - recruited online - completed in-depth interviews over Zoom, with data analyzed using MAXQDA software. Stigma was more likely to…
That’s My Girl; I love her”: The Promise of Compassionate, Inclusive Healthcare for Black Transgender Women to Support PrEP Use
Hometown Heroes: Mobilising community social influencers for Covid ‐19 prevention, care and coping
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) created life-disrupting stressors that disproportionately burden disadvantaged communities with devastating impacts that extend far beyond the burden of the disease itself, including joblessness, housing and food insecurity, educational system upheavals, isolation due to disrupted relationships, worsened mental health and substance use and violence. Socially interconnected community members are resources whose …
Intersectional Resilience Among Black Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men, Wisconsin and Ohio, 2019
Objectives. To investigate resilience strategies used by Black gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) to navigate racism and heterosexism. Methods. In 2019, we conducted in-depth interviews with 46 Black MSM in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and Cleveland, Ohio. Thematic analysis, informed by intersectionality, was used to identify intersectional resilience within the context of participants’ lives. Results. Our analyses revealed ways in…
Social network intervention to increase pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) awareness, interest, and use among African American men who have sex with men
In the U.S., HIV incidence is highest among Black men who have sex with men (MSM) but PrEP uptake is low, in part due to lack of normative support for using PrEP. This research pilot tested a social network-level intervention designed to increase PrEP use willingness, interest, and peer supports among Black MSM in Milwaukee. Five community social networks (n = 40 participants) of racial minority MSM were assessed at baseline with measures of PrEP…
Mobilizing individual social capital resources for HIV care support: Results of a pilot intervention in St. Petersburg, Russia
Half of HIV-positive persons in Russia are on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and only 27% are virally suppressed. A feasibility pilot intervention to mobilize social capital resources for HIV care support was conducted in St. Petersburg. Out-of-care or ART-nonadherent HIV-positive persons (n = 24) attended a five-session intervention to increase access social capital resources (i.e., family, friends, or providers) to mobilize supports for entering…
Levels of HIV Testing Among Young Men Who Have Sex with Men in Bulgaria: Very Low Testing by Ethnic Minority Roma (Gypsy) Men
The Influence of Peers on PrEP Perceptions and Use Among Young Black Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Qualitative Examination
An Exploration of Syndemic Factors That Influence Engagement in HIV Care Among Black Men
Syndemic theory seeks to understand the interactions and clustering of disease and social conditions and explain racial disparities in HIV. Traditionally applied to HIV risk, this study characterizes the syndemic challenges of engagement in care among Black men living with HIV and provides insight into potential HIV treatment interventions to retain vulnerable individuals in care. Interviews were conducted with 23 HIV-positive men who were either…
Drug use and emotional distress differentiate unstably- versus stably-housed adults living with HIV who engage in unprotected sex
Among adults living with HIV, unstable housing is a barrier to health. Stably- and unstably-housed adults living with HIV were assessed for over 25 months. At baseline, unstably-housed adults living with HIV had a more recent HIV diagnosis, higher viral loads, worse physical and mental health, lower rates of antiretroviral therapy use and insurance coverage, and higher rates of hard drug use than stably-housed adults living with HIV. At follow-up…
Predictors of HIV Care Engagement, Antiretroviral Medication Adherence, and Viral Suppression Among People Living with HIV Infection in St. Petersburg, Russia
Barriers and Facilitators of HIV Care Engagement: Results of a Qualitative Study in St. Petersburg, Russia
The Health and Sociocultural Correlates of Aids Genocidal Beliefs and Medical Mistrust Among African American MSM
PrEP Awareness, Familiarity, Comfort, and Prescribing Experience among US Primary Care Providers and HIV Specialists
The role of the Black Church in the lives of young Black men who have sex with men
In the USA, the Black Church is among the most important institutions in the Black community, offering numerous spiritual, social and health benefits. Yet, the presence of homonegativity in many Black Churches may mitigate those effects for gay Black youth. This research examines the role of the Church in the lives of gay and bisexual Black youth to understand how they reconcile any tension between their religious and sexual identities. Through i…
Correlates of Sexual HIV Risk Among African American Men Who Have Sex With Men
Objectives. We examined correlates of condomless anal intercourse with nonmain sexual partners among African American men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods. We recruited social networks composed of 445 Black MSM from 2012 to 2014 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Cleveland, Ohio; and Miami Beach, Florida. Participants reported past-3-month sexual behavior, substance use, and background, psychosocial, and HIV-related characteristics. Results. Condomless…
Social Media Use and High-Risk Sexual Behavior Among Black Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Three-City Study
Beyond the Ball: Implications for HIV Risk and Prevention Among the Constructed Families of African American Men Who Have Sex with Men
Situational, Partner, and Contextual Factors Associated with Level of Risk at Most Recent Intercourse Among Black Men Who Have Sex with Men
High-Risk Sexual Behavior, HIV/STD Prevalence, and Risk Predictors in the Social Networks of Young Roma (Gypsy) Men in Bulgaria
Effects of Stigmatization on Gay Men Living with HIV/Aids in a Central-Eastern European Context: A Qualitative Analysis from Hungary
Male Labor Migrants in Russia: HIV Risk Behavior Levels, Contextual Factors, and Prevention Needs
People with HIV in Haart-Era Russia: Transmission Risk Behavior Prevalence, Antiretroviral Medication-Taking, and Psychosocial Distress
HIV risk behavior reduction following intervention with key opinion leaders of population: An experimental analysis
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE. Peer norms influence the adoption of behavior changes to reduce risk for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection. By experimentally intervening at a community level to modify risk behavior norms, it may be possible to promote generalized reductions in HIV risk practices within a population. METHODS. We trained persons reliably identified as popular opinion leaders among gay men in a small city to serve as behavior cha…
Community Aids/HIV risk reduction: The effects of endorsements by popular people in three cities
OBJECTIVES. It is critical to extend community-level acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) prevention efforts beyond education alone and to develop models that better encourage behavioral changes. Gay men in small cities are vulnerable to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection due to continued high rates of risk behavior. This research introduced an intervention that trained popular people to serve as behavioral change endorsers to peer…
Psychological interventions to prevent HIV infection are urgently needed: New priorities for behavioral research in the second decade of Aids
Stigmatization of Aids patients by physicians
A randomly selected sample of physicians in three large cities was asked to read one of four vignettes describing a patient. They then completed a set of objective attitude measures eliciting their reactions to the patient described in the vignette. The vignettes were identical except that the patient's illness was identified as either acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or leukemia and the patient's sexual preference as either heterosexual…
The effects of HIV/Aids intervention groups for high-risk women in urban clinics
OBJECTIVE. This study reports the results of a behavior change intervention offered to women at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection seen in an urban primary health care clinic. METHODS. Participants were 197 women randomly assigned to either an HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) risk reduction group or a comparison group. Women in the HIV/AIDS intervention group attended five group sessions focusing on risk educa…
Sensation seeking as an explanation for the association between substance use and HIV-related risky sexual behavior
HIV risk behaviors among women living in low-income, inner-city housing developments
OBJECTIVES. This study describes the prevalence and predictors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors among women living in low-income, inner-city housing developments. METHODS. Anonymous questionnaires were administered to 671 women living in 10 inner-city, low-income housing developments in five US cities to determine their levels of HIV risk behavior and predictors of HIV risk practices. RESULTS. Approximately one third of women …
The Stigma of Aids: Fear of Disease and Prejudice Toward Gay Men
Three hundred college students were presented with vignettes describing an ill person; the vignettes were identical except the illness was identified as either AIDS or leukemia and the individual was described as either homosexual or heterosexual. After reading one vignette, each subject completed a set of measures sensitive to interpersonal evaluation, prejudicial attitudes, and willingness to interact casually with the portrayed individual. The…
An Exploration of Syndemic Factors That Influence Engagement in HIV Care Among Black Men
Syndemic theory seeks to understand the interactions and clustering of disease and social conditions and explain racial disparities in HIV. Traditionally applied to HIV risk, this study characterizes the syndemic challenges of engagement in care among Black men living with HIV and provides insight into potential HIV treatment interventions to retain vulnerable individuals in care. Interviews were conducted with 23 HIV-positive men who were either…
Outcomes of a Randomized Small-Group HIV Prevention Intervention Trial for People with Serious Mental Illness
Patterns, Predictors and Gender Differences in HIV Risk Among Severely Mentally Ill Men and Women
Situational factors associated with Aids risk behavior lapses and coping strategies used by gay men who successfully avoid lapses
While most gay men have reduced behavior practices at high risk for HIV infection, there is growing evidence that many also lapse to unsafe sex. This study examined situational factors related to risk behavior lapses as well as coping strategies used by men who successfully resist lapse urges. A convenience sample of 470 men patronizing gay bars or attending social organization meetings in four cities was surveyed. Forty-five percent of men were …
Reactions of Heterosexual African American Men to Women's Condom Negotiation Strategies
This study describes responses of 172 single heterosexual African American men, ages 18 to 35, to condom negotiation attempts. Strategies used included reward, coercive, legitimate, expert, referent, and informational strategies, based on Raven's (1992) influence model. The purpose was (a) to identify strategies influencing participant acquiescence to request and (b) to identify predictors of participant compliance/refusal to comply with negotiat…
Effects of Stigmatization on Gay Men Living with HIV/Aids in a Central-Eastern European Context: A Qualitative Analysis from Hungary
Differences between completers and early dropouts from 2 HIV intervention trials: A health belief approach to understanding prevention program attrition
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to identify factors predicting program attrition among participants in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk reduction trials. METHODS: Participants were gay/bisexual men and severely mentally ill adults recruited to take part in HIV risk reduction small-group interventions. Program completers were compared with participants who were assessed at baseline but then failed to attend any sessions. The healt…
Intersectional Resilience Among Black Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men, Wisconsin and Ohio, 2019
Objectives. To investigate resilience strategies used by Black gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) to navigate racism and heterosexism. Methods. In 2019, we conducted in-depth interviews with 46 Black MSM in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and Cleveland, Ohio. Thematic analysis, informed by intersectionality, was used to identify intersectional resilience within the context of participants’ lives. Results. Our analyses revealed ways in…
Psychosocial Issues in the Era of New Aids Treatments from the Perspective of Persons Living with HIV
In the past, HIV disease meant an almost invariably downward health course. New highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimens have improved the health outlook for many persons living with HIV/AIDS but may create new psychological and coping challenges. In this study, open-ended, in-depth interviews were undertaken with an ethnically diverse sample of 44 purposively selected men and women with HIV disease who were on HAART regimens. The in…
Patterns, Predictors, and Situational Contexts of HIV Risk Behaviors among Homeless Men and Women
The study discussed in this article investigated psychosocial, relationship, and situational factors associated with HIV risk in a sample of 152 inner-city homeless men and women. Although men at risk of AIDS often had multiple sexual partners, women reported fewer different partners but more frequent unprotected intercourse with them. Different factors were associated with HIV risk level among men and women. In men, high-risk patterns were assoc…
The Influence of Peers on PrEP Perceptions and Use Among Young Black Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Qualitative Examination
Correlates of Sexual HIV Risk Among African American Men Who Have Sex With Men
Objectives. We examined correlates of condomless anal intercourse with nonmain sexual partners among African American men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods. We recruited social networks composed of 445 Black MSM from 2012 to 2014 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Cleveland, Ohio; and Miami Beach, Florida. Participants reported past-3-month sexual behavior, substance use, and background, psychosocial, and HIV-related characteristics. Results. Condomless…
Depressive Symptomatology among HIV‐Positive Women in the Era of Haart: A Stress and Coping Model
Objective: An enhanced stress and coping model was used to explain depression among HIV‐positive women in healthcare and community settings where highly active anti‐retroviral treatment (HAART) was commonplace. Method: HIV‐infected women in four cities ( N =978) were assessed, cross‐sectionally, for mental and physical health, stress, social support, and other background factors. Results: Self‐reported level of depressive symptomatology was high.…
Severely Mentally Ill Women’s HIV Risk: The Influence of Social Support, Substance Use, and Contextual Risk Factors
Preventing HIV/Aids among high-risk urban women: The cost-effectiveness of a behavioral group intervention
OBJECTIVES: A human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) intervention trial for women at high risk for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and attending an urban clinic was reported previously. The behavioral group intervention was shown to increase condom use behaviors significantly. This study retrospectively assessed the intervention's cost-effectiveness. METHODS: Standard methods of cost and cost-utility analysis were used. RESULTS: The intervention c…
HIV Testing Rates, Testing Locations, and Healthcare Utilization among Urban African-American Men
Condom Use Negotiation in Heterosexual African American Adults: Responses to Types of Social Power-Based Strategies
This study examined gender differences and preferences in the use of and response to six different styles of condom use negotiation with a hypothetical sexual partner of the opposite gender. Participants were 51 heterosexually active African American adults attending an inner-city community center. Participants completed a semistructured qualitative interview in which they were presented with six negotiation strategies based on Raven's 1992 Power…
New formulations of sex roles and androgyny: A critical review.
The joint and differential perceived contribution of parents to adolescents' cognitive functioning
Personality characteristics, parent behaviors, and sex of subject in relation to cheating
Teaching Assertive Skills to a Passive Homosexual Adolescent: An Illustrative Case Study
Social skills training was used to alter the socially inappropriate and ineffectual behavior of a 17-year old homosexual male. Target behaviors selected for treatment were the subject's effeminate mannerisms and lack of assertiveness in conflict situations, especially those involving other persons making derisive comments to him. A multiple baseline design was used to increase the patient's (a) eye contact, (b) rate of making appropriate requests…
Sex Roles and Social Skills Considerations for Interpersonal Adjustment
In light of claims that sex roles are differentially related to behavioral flexibility, the current study investigated the relationship between sex role orientations and performance in interpersonal situations. Males and females in each of four sex role categories (masculine-typed, feminine-typed, androgynous and undifferentiated) role-played situations requiring the appropriate expression of either commendatory or refusal assertiveness. Androgyn…
Sex Roles and Social Skills Considerations for Interpersonal Adjustment
In light of claims that sex roles are differentially related to behavioral flexibility, the current study investigated the relationship between sex role orientations and performance in interpersonal situations. Males and females in each of four sex role categories (masculine-typed, feminine-typed, androgynous and undifferentiated) role-played situations requiring the appropriate expression of either commendatory or refusal assertiveness. Androgyn…
Disagreement with Gallistel: The need for increased scrutiny of animal research
Disagreement with Gallistel: The need for increased scrutiny of animal research
Psychological research and the rights of animals: Disagreement with Miller
Psychological research and the rights of animals: Disagreement with Miller
Cognitive problem-solving training to improve the child-care judgment of child neglectful parents
Stigmatization of Aids patients by physicians
A randomly selected sample of physicians in three large cities was asked to read one of four vignettes describing a patient. They then completed a set of objective attitude measures eliciting their reactions to the patient described in the vignette. The vignettes were identical except that the patient's illness was identified as either acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or leukemia and the patient's sexual preference as either heterosexual…
Behavioral intervention to reduce Aids risk activities.
The impact of community-based groups to help persons reduce HIV infection risk behaviours
In addition to widescale AIDS education campaigns, interventions are also needed which can directly assist in the development of skills to reduce HIV infection. Cognitive-behavioural and skills training approaches have long been used to help individuals learn to change other behaviour patterns related to health and can be applied to AIDS. Several approaches (self-management skills training, assertiveness training, and problem-solving) are discuss…
Risk behavior change in gay men
Risk behavior change in gay men. J A Kelly, and J S St LawrenceCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.80.3.351 Published Online: October 07, 2011
The Stigma of Aids: Fear of Disease and Prejudice Toward Gay Men
Three hundred college students were presented with vignettes describing an ill person; the vignettes were identical except the illness was identified as either AIDS or leukemia and the individual was described as either homosexual or heterosexual. After reading one vignette, each subject completed a set of measures sensitive to interpersonal evaluation, prejudicial attitudes, and willingness to interact casually with the portrayed individual. The…
Some lessons learned about risk reduction after ten years of the HIV/Aids epidemic
This article reviews some of the key facts concerning HIV risk behavior change the prevention lessons of the first decade of the AIDS epidemic. One of the most important developments over the past 10 years has been the marked increase in knowledge about the AIDS. More people are now aware of the measures for reducing the risk of contracting the disease -- using condoms and avoiding unprotected sex and needle-sharing. Risk reduction however is not…
Situational factors associated with Aids risk behavior lapses and coping strategies used by gay men who successfully avoid lapses
While most gay men have reduced behavior practices at high risk for HIV infection, there is growing evidence that many also lapse to unsafe sex. This study examined situational factors related to risk behavior lapses as well as coping strategies used by men who successfully resist lapse urges. A convenience sample of 470 men patronizing gay bars or attending social organization meetings in four cities was surveyed. Forty-five percent of men were …
HIV risk behavior reduction following intervention with key opinion leaders of population: An experimental analysis
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE. Peer norms influence the adoption of behavior changes to reduce risk for HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection. By experimentally intervening at a community level to modify risk behavior norms, it may be possible to promote generalized reductions in HIV risk practices within a population. METHODS. We trained persons reliably identified as popular opinion leaders among gay men in a small city to serve as behavior cha…
Community Aids/HIV risk reduction: The effects of endorsements by popular people in three cities
OBJECTIVES. It is critical to extend community-level acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) prevention efforts beyond education alone and to develop models that better encourage behavioral changes. Gay men in small cities are vulnerable to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection due to continued high rates of risk behavior. This research introduced an intervention that trained popular people to serve as behavioral change endorsers to peer…
Factors associated with severity of depression and high-risk sexual behavior among persons diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
Psychological interventions to prevent HIV infection are urgently needed: New priorities for behavioral research in the second decade of Aids
Sexual Sensation Seeking: Scale Development and Predicting Aids-Risk Behavior Among Homosexually Active Men
Sensation seeking, the propensity to prefer exciting, optimal, and novel stimulation or arousal, is a potential mediating factor in sexual risk for human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV), the cause of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). However, the most widely used measure of sensation seeking, the Sensation Seeking Scale (Zuckerman, Kolin, Price, & Zoob, 1964), contains numerous culturally outdated items and items that do not perta…
Psychological interventions are urgently needed to prevent HIV infection: "New priorities for behavioral research in the second decade of Aids": Reply
Psychological interventions are urgently needed to prevent HIV infection: "New priorities for behavioral research in the second decade of Aids": Reply
Medicine (80 works) · Psychology (76 works) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (63 works) · Psychiatry (59 works) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (53 works) · Family medicine (52 works) · HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk (41 works) · Social Psychology (37 works) · Psychological intervention (31 works) · Clinical Psychology (30 works)