Maurice E Schweitzer
Biographic Data
| ID | 3802147 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Maurice E Schweitzer |
| GIVEN NAMES | Maurice E |
| FAMILY NAME | Schweitzer |
| SIGNATURE | SCHWEITZER M E |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Pennsylvania |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4795-4816 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 31 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 203 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 31 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1992 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Organizational Humor: A Foundation for Future Scholarship, a Review, and a Call to Action
Humor is a fundamental managerial tool that can help managers communicate, build trust, and promote cooperation. Humor, however, is complex, and humor scholarship has identified both benefits and risks of using humor for leaders, employees, and organizations. Although humor is both pervasive and impactful in organizations, humor scholarship is vastly under-represented relative to its managerial relevance and impact in leading management journals.…
Gossip, power, and advice: Gossipers are conferred less expert power
Dual-promotion: Bragging better by promoting peers
1,448), we show that individuals who engage in dual-promotion create more favorable impressions of warmth and competence than those who only engage in self-promotion. The beneficial effects of dual-promotion are robust to both competitive and noncompetitive contexts and extend to behavioral intentions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
Enabling the Voices of Marginalized Groups of People in Theoretical Business Ethics Research
The paper addresses an understudied but highly relevant group of people within corporate organizations and society in general—the marginalized—as well as their narration, and criticism, of personal lived experiences of marginalization in business. They are conventionally perceived to lack traditional forms of power such as public influence, formal authority, education, money, and political positions; however, they still possess the resources to i…
A review of experimental research on organizational trust
Trust profoundly shapes organisational, group, and dyadic outcomes. Reflecting its importance, a substantial and growing body of scholarship has investigated the topic of trust. Much of this work has used experiments to identify clear, causal relationships. However, in contrast to theoretical work that conceptualises trust as a multi-faceted (e.g. ability, benevolence, integrity), multi-level (e.g. interpersonal, intergroup), and dynamic construc…
The interpersonal costs of revealing others' secrets
Emotional Intelligence and Deception: A Theoretical Model and Propositions
Beyond belief: How social engagement motives influence the spread of conspiracy theories
The predictive power of exponential numeracy
Many fundamental relationships, from the spread of disease to climate change, as well as common scales, such as the Richter, pH, and Decibel scales, are characterized by exponential relationships. Across six pre-registered studies (N = 3522) and three supplemental studies (N = 1079), we introduce and test a measure of exponential numeracy. We demonstrate that individuals with greater exponential numeracy are better able to recognize, understand, …
Accuracy incentives and framing effects to minimize the influence of cognitive bias among advanced cancer patients
Many patients with advanced illness have unrealistic survival expectations, largely due to cognitive biases. Studies suggests that when people are motivated to be accurate, they are less prone to succumb to these biases. Using a randomized survey design, we test whether offering advanced cancer patients ( n = 200) incentives to estimate their prognosis improves accuracy. We also test whether presenting treatment benefits in terms of a loss (morta…
Insincere negotiation: Using the negotiation process to pursue non-agreement motives
The economic and interpersonal consequences of deflecting direct questions
Direct, difficult questions (e.g., Do you have other offers? When do you plan on having children ?) pose a challenge. Respondents may incur economic costs for honestly revealing information, reputational costs for engaging in deception, and interpersonal costs, including harm to perceptions of trust and liking, for directly declining to answer the question (e.g., I would rather not answer that question .). Across 8 experiments, we explore the rel…
When does anger boost status
Who is trustworthy? Predicting trustworthy intentions and behavior
In this investigation, we deepen our understanding of trustworthiness. Across six studies using economic games that measure trustworthy behavior and survey items that measure trustworthy intentions, we explore the personality traits that predict trustworthiness. We demonstrate that guilt-proneness predicts trustworthiness better than a variety of other personality measures, and we identify sense of interpersonal responsibility as the underlying m…
Risky business: When humor increases and decreases status
Across 8 experiments, we demonstrate that humor can influence status, but attempting to use humor is risky. The successful use of humor can increase status in both new and existing relationships, but unsuccessful humor attempts (e.g., inappropriate jokes) can harm status. The relationship between the successful use of humor and status is mediated by perceptions of confidence and competence. The successful use of humor signals confidence and compe…
Artful paltering: The risks and rewards of using truthful statements to mislead others
Paltering is the active use of truthful statements to convey a misleading impression. Across 2 pilot studies and 6 experiments, we identify paltering as a distinct form of deception. Paltering differs from lying by omission (the passive omission of relevant information) and lying by commission (the active use of false statements). Our findings reveal that paltering is common in negotiations and that many negotiators prefer to palter than to lie b…
Prosocial lies: When deception breeds trust
I’m Sorry About the Rain! Superfluous Apologies Demonstrate Empathic Concern and Increase Trust
Existing apology research has conceptualized apologies as a device to rebuild relationships following a transgression. Individuals, however, often apologize for circumstances for which they are obviously not culpable (e.g., heavy traffic or bad weather). In this article, we define superfluous apologies as expressions of regret for an undesirable circumstance for which the apologizer is clearly not responsible. Across four studies, we find that su…
Are liars ethical? On the tension between benevolence and honesty
Gender differences in trust dynamics: Women trust more than men following a trust violation
The cheater’s high: The unexpected affective benefits of unethical behavior
Many theories of moral behavior assume that unethical behavior triggers negative affect. In this article, we challenge this assumption and demonstrate that unethical behavior can trigger positive affect, which we term a "cheater's high." Across 6 studies, we find that even though individuals predict they will feel guilty and have increased levels of negative affect after engaging in unethical behavior (Studies 1a and 1b), individuals who cheat on…
Unable to resist temptation: How self-control depletion promotes unethical behavior
Anxiety, advice, and the ability to discern: Feeling anxious motivates individuals to seek and use advice
Across 8 experiments, the influence of anxiety on advice seeking and advice taking is described. Anxious individuals are found to be more likely to seek and rely on advice than are those in a neutral emotional state (Experiment 1), but this pattern of results does not generalize to other negatively valenced emotions (Experiment 2). The relationships between anxiety and advice seeking and anxiety and advice taking are mediated by self-confidence; …
Goals Gone Wild: The Systematic Side Effects of Overprescribing Goal Setting
Executive Overview Goal setting is one of the most replicated and influential paradigms in the management literature. Hundreds of studies conducted in numerous countries and contexts have consistently demonstrated that setting specific, challenging goals can powerfully drive behavior and boost performance. Advocates of goal setting have had a substantial impact on research, management education, and management practice. In this article, we argue …
Too tired to tell the truth: Self-control resource depletion and dishonesty
Feeling and Believing: The Influence of Emotion on Trust
The authors report results from 5 experiments that describe the influence of emotional states on trust. They found that incidental emotions significantly influence trust in unrelated settings. Happiness and gratitude--emotions with positive valence--increase trust, and anger--an emotion with negative valence--decreases trust. Specifically, they found that emotions characterized by other-person control (anger and gratitude) and weak control apprai…
Too tired to tell the truth: Self-control resource depletion and dishonesty
Anxiety, advice, and the ability to discern: Feeling anxious motivates individuals to seek and use advice
Across 8 experiments, the influence of anxiety on advice seeking and advice taking is described. Anxious individuals are found to be more likely to seek and rely on advice than are those in a neutral emotional state (Experiment 1), but this pattern of results does not generalize to other negatively valenced emotions (Experiment 2). The relationships between anxiety and advice seeking and anxiety and advice taking are mediated by self-confidence; …
Are liars ethical? On the tension between benevolence and honesty
The cheater’s high: The unexpected affective benefits of unethical behavior
Many theories of moral behavior assume that unethical behavior triggers negative affect. In this article, we challenge this assumption and demonstrate that unethical behavior can trigger positive affect, which we term a "cheater's high." Across 6 studies, we find that even though individuals predict they will feel guilty and have increased levels of negative affect after engaging in unethical behavior (Studies 1a and 1b), individuals who cheat on…
Gender differences in trust dynamics: Women trust more than men following a trust violation
Risky business: When humor increases and decreases status
Across 8 experiments, we demonstrate that humor can influence status, but attempting to use humor is risky. The successful use of humor can increase status in both new and existing relationships, but unsuccessful humor attempts (e.g., inappropriate jokes) can harm status. The relationship between the successful use of humor and status is mediated by perceptions of confidence and competence. The successful use of humor signals confidence and compe…
Artful paltering: The risks and rewards of using truthful statements to mislead others
Paltering is the active use of truthful statements to convey a misleading impression. Across 2 pilot studies and 6 experiments, we identify paltering as a distinct form of deception. Paltering differs from lying by omission (the passive omission of relevant information) and lying by commission (the active use of false statements). Our findings reveal that paltering is common in negotiations and that many negotiators prefer to palter than to lie b…
Beyond belief: How social engagement motives influence the spread of conspiracy theories
Insincere negotiation: Using the negotiation process to pursue non-agreement motives
Dual-promotion: Bragging better by promoting peers
1,448), we show that individuals who engage in dual-promotion create more favorable impressions of warmth and competence than those who only engage in self-promotion. The beneficial effects of dual-promotion are robust to both competitive and noncompetitive contexts and extend to behavioral intentions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
The interpersonal costs of revealing others' secrets
The economic and interpersonal consequences of deflecting direct questions
Direct, difficult questions (e.g., Do you have other offers? When do you plan on having children ?) pose a challenge. Respondents may incur economic costs for honestly revealing information, reputational costs for engaging in deception, and interpersonal costs, including harm to perceptions of trust and liking, for directly declining to answer the question (e.g., I would rather not answer that question .). Across 8 experiments, we explore the rel…
Who is trustworthy? Predicting trustworthy intentions and behavior
In this investigation, we deepen our understanding of trustworthiness. Across six studies using economic games that measure trustworthy behavior and survey items that measure trustworthy intentions, we explore the personality traits that predict trustworthiness. We demonstrate that guilt-proneness predicts trustworthiness better than a variety of other personality measures, and we identify sense of interpersonal responsibility as the underlying m…
Using Health Status Measures in the Hospital Setting: From Acute Care to ???Outcomes Management
In recent years, employers, insurers, and government purchasers have paid increased attention to the measurement of patient outcomes and health status. Such interest is stimulated less by policy or quality concerns than by the need to reduce health care expenditures. Any expected benefits which might accrue from health status measurement will require active participation by community hospitals and their affiliated physicians. St. Vincent Hospital…
The role of employee flexible spending accounts in health care financing
Employee flexible spending accounts for health care represent one component of the current health care financing system that merits serious reform. These accounts create a system of undesirable incentives, force employees and employers to take complicated gambles, reduce tax revenues, and fail to meet their purported policy objectives. This paper describes shortcomings in these accounts from both a theoretical and an empirical perspective. Some p…
Individual Choice in Spending Accounts: Can We Rely on Employees to Choose Well
Flexible spending accounts (FSA) represent a current health care financing tool that may become an important component of incremental health care reform. Because FSAs require employees to make financial contributions based on anticipated health care needs, contribution decisions are likely to be subject to many of the errors made in other insurance decisions. The authors analyzed the benefits selections, benefits forms completion, and FSA contrib…
Goal Setting as a Motivator of Unethical Behavior.
We explored the role of goal setting in motivating unethical behavior in a laboratory experiment. We found that people with unmet goals were more likely to engage in unethical behavior than people attempting to do their best. This relationship held for goals both with and without economic incentives. We also found that the relationship between goal setting and unethical behavior was particularly strong when people fell just short of reaching thei…
Feeling and Believing: The Influence of Emotion on Trust
The authors report results from 5 experiments that describe the influence of emotional states on trust. They found that incidental emotions significantly influence trust in unrelated settings. Happiness and gratitude--emotions with positive valence--increase trust, and anger--an emotion with negative valence--decreases trust. Specifically, they found that emotions characterized by other-person control (anger and gratitude) and weak control apprai…
Promises and lies: Restoring violated trust
Goals Gone Wild: The Systematic Side Effects of Overprescribing Goal Setting
Executive Overview Goal setting is one of the most replicated and influential paradigms in the management literature. Hundreds of studies conducted in numerous countries and contexts have consistently demonstrated that setting specific, challenging goals can powerfully drive behavior and boost performance. Advocates of goal setting have had a substantial impact on research, management education, and management practice. In this article, we argue …
Too tired to tell the truth: Self-control resource depletion and dishonesty
Unable to resist temptation: How self-control depletion promotes unethical behavior
Anxiety, advice, and the ability to discern: Feeling anxious motivates individuals to seek and use advice
Across 8 experiments, the influence of anxiety on advice seeking and advice taking is described. Anxious individuals are found to be more likely to seek and rely on advice than are those in a neutral emotional state (Experiment 1), but this pattern of results does not generalize to other negatively valenced emotions (Experiment 2). The relationships between anxiety and advice seeking and anxiety and advice taking are mediated by self-confidence; …
The cheater’s high: The unexpected affective benefits of unethical behavior
Many theories of moral behavior assume that unethical behavior triggers negative affect. In this article, we challenge this assumption and demonstrate that unethical behavior can trigger positive affect, which we term a "cheater's high." Across 6 studies, we find that even though individuals predict they will feel guilty and have increased levels of negative affect after engaging in unethical behavior (Studies 1a and 1b), individuals who cheat on…
I’m Sorry About the Rain! Superfluous Apologies Demonstrate Empathic Concern and Increase Trust
Existing apology research has conceptualized apologies as a device to rebuild relationships following a transgression. Individuals, however, often apologize for circumstances for which they are obviously not culpable (e.g., heavy traffic or bad weather). In this article, we define superfluous apologies as expressions of regret for an undesirable circumstance for which the apologizer is clearly not responsible. Across four studies, we find that su…
Are liars ethical? On the tension between benevolence and honesty
Gender differences in trust dynamics: Women trust more than men following a trust violation
Prosocial lies: When deception breeds trust
Risky business: When humor increases and decreases status
Across 8 experiments, we demonstrate that humor can influence status, but attempting to use humor is risky. The successful use of humor can increase status in both new and existing relationships, but unsuccessful humor attempts (e.g., inappropriate jokes) can harm status. The relationship between the successful use of humor and status is mediated by perceptions of confidence and competence. The successful use of humor signals confidence and compe…
Artful paltering: The risks and rewards of using truthful statements to mislead others
Paltering is the active use of truthful statements to convey a misleading impression. Across 2 pilot studies and 6 experiments, we identify paltering as a distinct form of deception. Paltering differs from lying by omission (the passive omission of relevant information) and lying by commission (the active use of false statements). Our findings reveal that paltering is common in negotiations and that many negotiators prefer to palter than to lie b…
Who is trustworthy? Predicting trustworthy intentions and behavior
In this investigation, we deepen our understanding of trustworthiness. Across six studies using economic games that measure trustworthy behavior and survey items that measure trustworthy intentions, we explore the personality traits that predict trustworthiness. We demonstrate that guilt-proneness predicts trustworthiness better than a variety of other personality measures, and we identify sense of interpersonal responsibility as the underlying m…
The economic and interpersonal consequences of deflecting direct questions
Direct, difficult questions (e.g., Do you have other offers? When do you plan on having children ?) pose a challenge. Respondents may incur economic costs for honestly revealing information, reputational costs for engaging in deception, and interpersonal costs, including harm to perceptions of trust and liking, for directly declining to answer the question (e.g., I would rather not answer that question .). Across 8 experiments, we explore the rel…
When does anger boost status
Insincere negotiation: Using the negotiation process to pursue non-agreement motives
Emotional Intelligence and Deception: A Theoretical Model and Propositions
Beyond belief: How social engagement motives influence the spread of conspiracy theories
The predictive power of exponential numeracy
Many fundamental relationships, from the spread of disease to climate change, as well as common scales, such as the Richter, pH, and Decibel scales, are characterized by exponential relationships. Across six pre-registered studies (N = 3522) and three supplemental studies (N = 1079), we introduce and test a measure of exponential numeracy. We demonstrate that individuals with greater exponential numeracy are better able to recognize, understand, …
Accuracy incentives and framing effects to minimize the influence of cognitive bias among advanced cancer patients
Many patients with advanced illness have unrealistic survival expectations, largely due to cognitive biases. Studies suggests that when people are motivated to be accurate, they are less prone to succumb to these biases. Using a randomized survey design, we test whether offering advanced cancer patients ( n = 200) incentives to estimate their prognosis improves accuracy. We also test whether presenting treatment benefits in terms of a loss (morta…
Psychology (28 works) · Social Psychology (25 works) · Political science (15 works) · Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies (14 works) · Social Psychology (12 works) · Computer Science (8 works) · Harm (8 works) · Law (8 works) · Deception (7 works) · Economics (7 works)