Richard H Smith
Biographic Data
| ID | 3872767 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Richard H Smith |
| GIVEN NAMES | Richard H |
| FAMILY NAME | Smith |
| SIGNATURE | SMITH R H |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Kentucky |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 20 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 189 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 19 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1974 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2019 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Once a pun a time: Exploring factors associated with perceptions of humorous punning
Using participants’ reactions to puns (words or phrases with two or more possible meanings) embedded in hypothetical scenarios, we investigated how perceptions of punning are influenced by characteristics of both the social situation and the punster. Consistent with the reversal theory of humor, Study 1 ( N =185) showed that puns are considered funnier and more appropriate in playful than serious situations and less appropriate when they interrup…
Envy at Work and in Organizations
Competition for resources, recognition, and outcomes is a fact of life in organizational life. When one falls short in comparison to colleagues or subordinates, feelings of envy may arise. Envy is ubiquitous and painful fueled by inferiority, hostility, and resentment. At the same time envy is also a socially adaptive emotion signaling competitive disadvantages that must be dealt with. How people cope with envy at work continues to be a debated t…
The role of self-evaluation and envy in schadenfreude
In this article we address why and when people feel schadenfreude (pleasure at the misfortunes of others) in both interpersonal and intergroup contexts. Using findings from our own research programmes we show that schadenfreude is intensified when people are chronically or momentarily threatened in their self-worth, whereas it is attenuated when their self-evaluation is boosted; that malicious envy, but not benign envy, intensifies pleasure at th…
Schadenfreude as a mate‐value‐tracking mechanism: Replication and extension of Colyn and Gordon (2013)
The present research provides a replication and extension of L. A. Colyn and A. K. Gordon's (2013) study on gender differences in schadenfreude. An experiment—in which both the gender of the unfortunate other and the dimension on which the misfortune occurred were manipulated—showed that female participants reported more schadenfreude when a same‐gender other (vs. an opposite‐gender other) experienced a misfortune on the dimension of physical att…
Excessive Image Concern and Willingness to Incur Personal Cost in the Experience and Perception of Vanity
Vanity has been defined traditionally as excessive pride. We propose that vanity is a negatively viewed social behavior fueled by excessive concern over one's public image, characterized by a willingness to incur personal cost because of this concern. In Study 1, autobiographical accounts of personal and witnessed vanity were contrasted with personal accounts of pride and positive self-presentation. Vanity accounts were more characterized by pers…
Peninsular War Cartography: A New Look at the Military Mapping of General Sir George Murray and the Quartermaster General's Department
Much of the British military cartography during the Peninsular War in Spain, Portugal and southwest France 1808–1814 was the responsibility of the Quartermaster General's Department, but adequate descriptions of the maps produced have received little coverage in the literature. This article attempts to illustrate the different types of map produced and to describe their content with an assessment of their effectiveness in planning and executing t…
Schadenfreude Caused by the Exposure of Hypocrisy in Others
Two studies examined whether and why seeing people suffer because of their hypocrisy can produce schadenfreude. Study 1 provided an initial demonstration of the phenomenon by showing that participants were indeed more pleased by learning that someone was caught for an immoral action when this person had criticized others for a similar action earlier. Study 2 showed that participants' schadenfreude was more intense when the immoral action matched …
Politics, schadenfreude, and ingroup identification: The sometimes happy thing about a poor economy and death
Envy: Theory and Research
"For centuries, scholars have argued that envy is the source of much aggressive behavior as well as the root cause of much unhappiness, but it is only recently that there have been attempts to examine the emotion from an empirical perspective. This book is the first of its kind to offer a summary of current theoretical and empirical work on envy provided by scholars from a range of disciplines." "The first section of the book focuses on the rich …
Comprehending envy
The authors reviewed the psychological research on envy. The authors examined definitional challenges associated with studying envy, such as the important distinction between envy proper (which contains hostile feelings) and benign envy (which is free of hostile feelings). The authors concluded that envy is reasonably defined as an unpleasant, often painful emotion characterized by feelings of inferiority, hostility, and resentment caused by an a…
Augmentation and discounting in affective reactions to upward and downward social comparisons
Two studies were conducted to investigate how the related attributes of a comparison target influence affective reactions to both upward and downward social comparisons. Participants received false feedback on an intelligence test and then were given information about an ostensible other's performance who had performed either better or worse than the participant. The age of the comparison other was manipulated such that she was younger, the same …
Feeling good after praise for a successful performance: The importance of social comparison information
This study examined the role of social comparisons in producing the satisfaction that often follows from praise. Participants received no praise, comparison-free praise (without explicit social comparison information), and social comparison praise (with explicit social comparison information) after successfully completing a challenging intellectual task. In addition, they either received or did not receive performance norms indicating superior re…
The role of public exposure in moral and nonmoral shame and guilt
Although scholarly traditions assume that shame results more from the public exposure of a transgression or incompetence than guilt does, this distinction has little empirical support. Four studies, using either undergraduate participants' responses to hypothetical scenarios, their remembered experiences, or the coding of literary passages, reexamined this issue. Supporting traditional claims, public exposure of both moral (transgressions) and no…
Assimilative and Contrastive Emotional Reactions to Upward and Downward Social Comparisons
Dispositional Envy
Although many scholars have argued that individual differences in proneness to envy can have wide-ranging implications for social interactions, the empirical testing of these claims is largely undeveloped. We created a single-factor Dispositional Envy Scale (DES) to measure individual differences in tendencies to envy, and examined some of the implications of such differences. Study 1 indicated that the DES is a reliable, stable measure, containi…
Processes of causal explanation and dispositional attribution
Causal explanation and dispositional attribution are distinguished. Causal explanation involves giving an explanation for why a particular event occurred, whereas dispositional attribution involves learning about the characteristics of some entity. Moreover, it is proposed that production of causal explanations requires J. S. Mill's (1872/1973) method of difference, whereas production of dispositional attributions requires Mill's method of agreem…
Distinguishing the experiences of envy and jealousy
Intrapersonal and social comparison determinants of happiness: A range-frequency analysis
Knowledge-based information acquisition: Norms and the functions of consensus information
Mill's (1872/1973) method of difference prescribes that the lay scientist should use consensus information as a control condition for the person and distinctiveness information as a control condition for the stimulus when analyzing their causal effects on the occurrence of the target event. However, in studies of information acquisition, subjects have shown a consistent preference for distinctiveness information when answering causal questions ab…
Developmental lines of achievement
Comprehending envy
The authors reviewed the psychological research on envy. The authors examined definitional challenges associated with studying envy, such as the important distinction between envy proper (which contains hostile feelings) and benign envy (which is free of hostile feelings). The authors concluded that envy is reasonably defined as an unpleasant, often painful emotion characterized by feelings of inferiority, hostility, and resentment caused by an a…
Distinguishing the experiences of envy and jealousy
The role of public exposure in moral and nonmoral shame and guilt
Although scholarly traditions assume that shame results more from the public exposure of a transgression or incompetence than guilt does, this distinction has little empirical support. Four studies, using either undergraduate participants' responses to hypothetical scenarios, their remembered experiences, or the coding of literary passages, reexamined this issue. Supporting traditional claims, public exposure of both moral (transgressions) and no…
Politics, schadenfreude, and ingroup identification: The sometimes happy thing about a poor economy and death
Processes of causal explanation and dispositional attribution
Causal explanation and dispositional attribution are distinguished. Causal explanation involves giving an explanation for why a particular event occurred, whereas dispositional attribution involves learning about the characteristics of some entity. Moreover, it is proposed that production of causal explanations requires J. S. Mill's (1872/1973) method of difference, whereas production of dispositional attributions requires Mill's method of agreem…
Intrapersonal and social comparison determinants of happiness: A range-frequency analysis
Knowledge-based information acquisition: Norms and the functions of consensus information
Mill's (1872/1973) method of difference prescribes that the lay scientist should use consensus information as a control condition for the person and distinctiveness information as a control condition for the stimulus when analyzing their causal effects on the occurrence of the target event. However, in studies of information acquisition, subjects have shown a consistent preference for distinctiveness information when answering causal questions ab…
Peninsular War Cartography: A New Look at the Military Mapping of General Sir George Murray and the Quartermaster General's Department
Much of the British military cartography during the Peninsular War in Spain, Portugal and southwest France 1808–1814 was the responsibility of the Quartermaster General's Department, but adequate descriptions of the maps produced have received little coverage in the literature. This article attempts to illustrate the different types of map produced and to describe their content with an assessment of their effectiveness in planning and executing t…
Schadenfreude as a mate‐value‐tracking mechanism: Replication and extension of Colyn and Gordon (2013)
The present research provides a replication and extension of L. A. Colyn and A. K. Gordon's (2013) study on gender differences in schadenfreude. An experiment—in which both the gender of the unfortunate other and the dimension on which the misfortune occurred were manipulated—showed that female participants reported more schadenfreude when a same‐gender other (vs. an opposite‐gender other) experienced a misfortune on the dimension of physical att…
Developmental lines of achievement
Knowledge-based information acquisition: Norms and the functions of consensus information
Mill's (1872/1973) method of difference prescribes that the lay scientist should use consensus information as a control condition for the person and distinctiveness information as a control condition for the stimulus when analyzing their causal effects on the occurrence of the target event. However, in studies of information acquisition, subjects have shown a consistent preference for distinctiveness information when answering causal questions ab…
Intrapersonal and social comparison determinants of happiness: A range-frequency analysis
Distinguishing the experiences of envy and jealousy
Processes of causal explanation and dispositional attribution
Causal explanation and dispositional attribution are distinguished. Causal explanation involves giving an explanation for why a particular event occurred, whereas dispositional attribution involves learning about the characteristics of some entity. Moreover, it is proposed that production of causal explanations requires J. S. Mill's (1872/1973) method of difference, whereas production of dispositional attributions requires Mill's method of agreem…
Dispositional Envy
Although many scholars have argued that individual differences in proneness to envy can have wide-ranging implications for social interactions, the empirical testing of these claims is largely undeveloped. We created a single-factor Dispositional Envy Scale (DES) to measure individual differences in tendencies to envy, and examined some of the implications of such differences. Study 1 indicated that the DES is a reliable, stable measure, containi…
Assimilative and Contrastive Emotional Reactions to Upward and Downward Social Comparisons
The role of public exposure in moral and nonmoral shame and guilt
Although scholarly traditions assume that shame results more from the public exposure of a transgression or incompetence than guilt does, this distinction has little empirical support. Four studies, using either undergraduate participants' responses to hypothetical scenarios, their remembered experiences, or the coding of literary passages, reexamined this issue. Supporting traditional claims, public exposure of both moral (transgressions) and no…
Feeling good after praise for a successful performance: The importance of social comparison information
This study examined the role of social comparisons in producing the satisfaction that often follows from praise. Participants received no praise, comparison-free praise (without explicit social comparison information), and social comparison praise (with explicit social comparison information) after successfully completing a challenging intellectual task. In addition, they either received or did not receive performance norms indicating superior re…
Augmentation and discounting in affective reactions to upward and downward social comparisons
Two studies were conducted to investigate how the related attributes of a comparison target influence affective reactions to both upward and downward social comparisons. Participants received false feedback on an intelligence test and then were given information about an ostensible other's performance who had performed either better or worse than the participant. The age of the comparison other was manipulated such that she was younger, the same …
Comprehending envy
The authors reviewed the psychological research on envy. The authors examined definitional challenges associated with studying envy, such as the important distinction between envy proper (which contains hostile feelings) and benign envy (which is free of hostile feelings). The authors concluded that envy is reasonably defined as an unpleasant, often painful emotion characterized by feelings of inferiority, hostility, and resentment caused by an a…
Envy: Theory and Research
"For centuries, scholars have argued that envy is the source of much aggressive behavior as well as the root cause of much unhappiness, but it is only recently that there have been attempts to examine the emotion from an empirical perspective. This book is the first of its kind to offer a summary of current theoretical and empirical work on envy provided by scholars from a range of disciplines." "The first section of the book focuses on the rich …
Politics, schadenfreude, and ingroup identification: The sometimes happy thing about a poor economy and death
Schadenfreude Caused by the Exposure of Hypocrisy in Others
Two studies examined whether and why seeing people suffer because of their hypocrisy can produce schadenfreude. Study 1 provided an initial demonstration of the phenomenon by showing that participants were indeed more pleased by learning that someone was caught for an immoral action when this person had criticized others for a similar action earlier. Study 2 showed that participants' schadenfreude was more intense when the immoral action matched …
Peninsular War Cartography: A New Look at the Military Mapping of General Sir George Murray and the Quartermaster General's Department
Much of the British military cartography during the Peninsular War in Spain, Portugal and southwest France 1808–1814 was the responsibility of the Quartermaster General's Department, but adequate descriptions of the maps produced have received little coverage in the literature. This article attempts to illustrate the different types of map produced and to describe their content with an assessment of their effectiveness in planning and executing t…
Excessive Image Concern and Willingness to Incur Personal Cost in the Experience and Perception of Vanity
Vanity has been defined traditionally as excessive pride. We propose that vanity is a negatively viewed social behavior fueled by excessive concern over one's public image, characterized by a willingness to incur personal cost because of this concern. In Study 1, autobiographical accounts of personal and witnessed vanity were contrasted with personal accounts of pride and positive self-presentation. Vanity accounts were more characterized by pers…
The role of self-evaluation and envy in schadenfreude
In this article we address why and when people feel schadenfreude (pleasure at the misfortunes of others) in both interpersonal and intergroup contexts. Using findings from our own research programmes we show that schadenfreude is intensified when people are chronically or momentarily threatened in their self-worth, whereas it is attenuated when their self-evaluation is boosted; that malicious envy, but not benign envy, intensifies pleasure at th…
Schadenfreude as a mate‐value‐tracking mechanism: Replication and extension of Colyn and Gordon (2013)
The present research provides a replication and extension of L. A. Colyn and A. K. Gordon's (2013) study on gender differences in schadenfreude. An experiment—in which both the gender of the unfortunate other and the dimension on which the misfortune occurred were manipulated—showed that female participants reported more schadenfreude when a same‐gender other (vs. an opposite‐gender other) experienced a misfortune on the dimension of physical att…
Envy at Work and in Organizations
Competition for resources, recognition, and outcomes is a fact of life in organizational life. When one falls short in comparison to colleagues or subordinates, feelings of envy may arise. Envy is ubiquitous and painful fueled by inferiority, hostility, and resentment. At the same time envy is also a socially adaptive emotion signaling competitive disadvantages that must be dealt with. How people cope with envy at work continues to be a debated t…
Once a pun a time: Exploring factors associated with perceptions of humorous punning
Using participants’ reactions to puns (words or phrases with two or more possible meanings) embedded in hypothetical scenarios, we investigated how perceptions of punning are influenced by characteristics of both the social situation and the punster. Consistent with the reversal theory of humor, Study 1 ( N =185) showed that puns are considered funnier and more appropriate in playful than serious situations and less appropriate when they interrup…
Psychology (18 works) · Social Psychology (17 works) · Emotions and Moral Behavior (10 works) · Social Psychology (10 works) · Political science (6 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (6 works) · Feeling (5 works) · Developmental psychology (4 works) · Perception (4 works) · Personality Traits and Psychology (4 works)