Kenneth H Brown
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3880481 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Kenneth H Brown |
| NOMBRES | Kenneth H |
| APELLIDO | Brown |
| FIRMA | BROWN K H |
| AFILIACIONES | Institute for Global Nutrition and Department of Nutrition University of California Davis Davis California USA |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 25 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 161 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 25 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1984 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Haemoglobin concentration thresholds that discriminate functional outcomes among children aged 6–30 months in eight countries
Introduction The WHO cut-offs to define anaemia among children (haemoglobin, Hb <105 g/L in 6–23 months and <110 g/L in 24–59 months) are based on the distribution of Hb concentrations in a healthy population. Our objective was to identify Hb values that best discriminate functional outcomes among children aged 6–30 months. Methods We used previously compiled datasets from an individual participant data meta-analysis of effects of small quantity …
Assessment of Women's Discretionary Salt Intake and Household Salt Utilization in Preparation for a Salt Fortification Trial in Oromia Region, Ethiopia
There is a high incidence of neural tube defects (NTDs) in Ethiopia and folate insufficiency, a primary risk factor for NTDs, is common among Ethiopian women of reproductive age (WRA). Folic acid fortification of salt has been proposed as a strategy to control these problems. In preparation for an intervention trial to assess the nutritional effects of folic acid-fortified salt, we measured discretionary salt intakes among nonpregnant WRA using o…
Risk factors for anaemia among women and their young children hospitalised with suspected thiamine deficiency in northern Lao PDR
Anaemia among women and young children remains a major public health concern. This secondary study describes the anaemia prevalence among young hospitalised children and their mothers in northern Lao People's Democratic Republic and explores possible nutritional causes and risk factors for anaemia. Hospitalised children (ages 21 days to <18 months) with clinical symptoms suggestive of thiamine deficiency disorders were eligible along with their m…
Micronutrient deficiencies among preschool-aged children and women of reproductive age worldwide
BACKGROUND: Micronutrient deficiencies compromise immune systems, hinder child growth and development, and affect human potential worldwide. Yet, to our knowledge, the only existing estimate of the global prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies is from over 30 years ago and is based only on the prevalence of anaemia. We aimed to estimate the global and regional prevalence of deficiency in at least one of three micronutrients among preschool-aged…
Maternal and child nutrition in the Lives Saved Tool
Background: The Lives Saved Tool (LiST) is a mathematical modelling tool for estimating the survival, health, and nutritional impacts of scaling intervention coverage in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Various nutrition interventions are included in LiST and are regularly (and independently) reviewed and updated as new data emerge. This manuscript describes our latest in-depth review of nutrition evidence, focusing on intervention effic…
Basis for changes in the disease burden estimates related to vitamin A and zinc deficiencies in the 2017 and 2019 Global Burden of Disease Studies
Background: The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study provides estimates of death and disability from eighty-seven risk factors, including some micronutrient deficiencies. Objectives: To review methodological changes that led to large differences in the disease burden estimates for vitamin A and Zn deficiencies between the GBD 2017 and 2019 Studies. Methods: GBD publications were reviewed; additional information was provided by GBD researchers. Re…
Effects of therapeutic zinc supplementation for diarrhea and two preventive zinc supplementation regimens on the incidence and duration of diarrhea and acute respiratory tract infections in rural Laot…
BACKGROUND: Diarrhea and respiratory tract infections are leading causes of childhood morbidity and mortality. This individually randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial was designed to evaluate the effects of different zinc supplementation regimens on the incidence and duration of diarrhea and acute lower (ALRI) and upper (AURI) respiratory tract infections among rural Laotian children. The study included 3407 children, 6-23 months at e…
Situational analysis of infant and young child nutrition activities in the Sahel – executive summary
Several international agencies and non-governmental organizations joined forces in 2007 to support an initiative to ‘Reposition children's right to adequate nutrition in the Sahel’. The overarching goal articulated by these organizations was to achieve optimal feeding of ≥80% of children 0–24 months based on relevant and internationally agreed-upon child-feeding indicators. An early activity of the working group for this infant and young child nu…
Acceptability of zinc-fortified, lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS) prepared for young children in Burkina Faso
Micronutrient deficiencies are a public health concern among young children in low-income countries, and novel strategies are needed to improve the nutritional status of children at risk. One promising approach is the use of lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS), which can be added to complementary food at the time of consumption. The optimal amount of zinc to include in LNS is uncertain, and concerns have been expressed about possible adverse e…
Setting priorities for zinc-related health research to reduce children’s disease burden worldwide
Objective To make the best use of limited resources for supporting health-related research to reduce child mortality, it is necessary to apply a suitable method to rank competing research options. The Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) developed a new methodology for setting health research priorities. To broaden experience with this priority-setting technique, we applied the method to rank possible research priorities concern…
Setting Priorities in Global Child Health Research Investments
This article provides detailed guidelines for the implementation of systematic method for setting priorities in health research investments that was recently developed by Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI). The target audience for the proposed method are international agencies, large research funding donors, and national governments and policy-makers. The process has the following steps: (i) selecting the managers of the proce…
Randomized comparison of 3 types of micronutrient supplements for home fortification of complementary foods in Ghana
Use of national food balance data to estimate the adequacy of zinc in national food supplies
Objectives Adequate zinc nutriture is critically important for human health, but the development of programmes to control zinc deficiency is limited by the lack of reliable information on population zinc status. The present analyses were conducted to: (1) estimate the absorbable zinc content of national food supplies; (2) compare this information with theoretical population requirements for zinc; and (3) use these results to predict national risk…
Infant weight‐for‐length is positively associated with subsequent linear growth across four different populations
Several studies have documented that length gain often lags behind weight gain during infancy and early childhood, suggesting that linear growth is partly regulated by initial body mass or fatness. To investigate this hypothesis, we analysed data from four longitudinal studies on growth of infants in the first 12 months: (1) U.S. breast-fed and formula-fed infants (n = 89); (2) breast-fed infants in Ghana (n = 190); (3) normal birthweight, breast…
Update on Technical issues concerning Complementary Feeding of Young Children in Developing Countries and Implications for Intervention Programs
This paper provides an update to the 1998 WHO/UNICEF report on complementary feeding. New research findings are generally consistent with the guidelines in that report, but the adoption of new energy and micronutrient requirements for infants and young children will result in lower recommendations regarding minimum meal frequency and energy density of complementary foods, and will alter the list of “problem nutrients.” Without fortification, the …
Effect of supplemental zinc on the growth and serum zinc concentrations of prepubertal children
The relationship between infants' preceding appetite, illness, and growth performance and mothers' subsequent feeding practice decisions
Evaluation of a face-to-face weaning food intervention in Kwara state, Nigeria
This paper reports on the evaluation of a pilot intervention which used nutrition education techniques to introduce a fortified, home-prepared weaning food (eko ilera, or 'pap for health') in 12 communities in Kwara State, Nigeria, from June to August, 1988. The recipe added toasted cowpea flour, red palm oil, and sugar to increase the energy and protein density of the traditional maize or sorghum starch porridge used for weaning from 38 to 85 kc…
Feeding practices and prevalence of hand‐feeding of infants and young children in Kwara State, Nigeria
A survey questionnaire was administered to a representative sample of mothers of infants and young children less than three years of age in the seven Yoruba speaking local government areas (LGA) of Kwara State, Nigeria, to obtain information on children's feeding practices in relation to their ages, site of residence, and selected family characteristics. Hand‐feeding of a dilute, fermented maize or sorghum pap was reported to be very common in th…
Development of a nutritionally adequate and culturally appropriate weaning food in Kwara State, Nigeria
A nutrition education program was undertaken in Kwara State, Nigeria to improve infant feeding practices and nutritional status of weaning-aged children. A series of ethnographic, market survey, epidemiological, dietary, clinical, and communications research studies were implemented to develop a culturally acceptable, yet nutritionally adequate, weaning food. A premise of the project was that the development and introduction of any new weaning fo…
Sociodemographic and clinical factors affecting recognition of childhood diarrhea by mothers in Kwara State, Nigeria
Rapid ethnographic assessment
Health and growth of infants and young children in Huáscar, Perú
Rural to urban migration has increased greatly over the last several decades in Latin America. New migrants usually live in peri‐urban communities that lack basic services, including potable water, sewerage or electricity. Residents of one such community near Lima, Perú, were found to have a high rate of infant and childhood mortality; half of childhood deaths were associated with diarrhea. Surviving children had a high rate of diarrhea with a pe…
Relations between socio‐economic status and morbidity, food intake and growth in young children in two villages in Bangladesh
The relations between socio‐economic status (SES) and food‐intake, morbidity and anthropometric status of children under five years old were analyzed from longitudinal data collected in two Bangladeshi villages. Illness surveillance every other day and monthly anthropometric measurements were done during one year for 197 children, and weighed food intake studies were done monthly for 65 of these children. Socio‐economic variables included wealth …
Measurement of Dietary Intake
The assimilation of exogenous nutrients is a fundamental biological process necessary both to support metabolic functions and to permit physical growth. The study of man's quest to produce or otherwise acquire food has occupied social and biological scientists alike. The quantitative and qualitative description of the food and nutrient intakes of individuals, however, has most commonly been undertaken by nutritionists. This paper reviews the purp…
Effect of supplemental zinc on the growth and serum zinc concentrations of prepubertal children
Rapid ethnographic assessment
Development of a nutritionally adequate and culturally appropriate weaning food in Kwara State, Nigeria
A nutrition education program was undertaken in Kwara State, Nigeria to improve infant feeding practices and nutritional status of weaning-aged children. A series of ethnographic, market survey, epidemiological, dietary, clinical, and communications research studies were implemented to develop a culturally acceptable, yet nutritionally adequate, weaning food. A premise of the project was that the development and introduction of any new weaning fo…
The relationship between infants' preceding appetite, illness, and growth performance and mothers' subsequent feeding practice decisions
Evaluation of a face-to-face weaning food intervention in Kwara state, Nigeria
This paper reports on the evaluation of a pilot intervention which used nutrition education techniques to introduce a fortified, home-prepared weaning food (eko ilera, or 'pap for health') in 12 communities in Kwara State, Nigeria, from June to August, 1988. The recipe added toasted cowpea flour, red palm oil, and sugar to increase the energy and protein density of the traditional maize or sorghum starch porridge used for weaning from 38 to 85 kc…
Measurement of Dietary Intake
The assimilation of exogenous nutrients is a fundamental biological process necessary both to support metabolic functions and to permit physical growth. The study of man's quest to produce or otherwise acquire food has occupied social and biological scientists alike. The quantitative and qualitative description of the food and nutrient intakes of individuals, however, has most commonly been undertaken by nutritionists. This paper reviews the purp…
Sociodemographic and clinical factors affecting recognition of childhood diarrhea by mothers in Kwara State, Nigeria
Measurement of Dietary Intake
The assimilation of exogenous nutrients is a fundamental biological process necessary both to support metabolic functions and to permit physical growth. The study of man's quest to produce or otherwise acquire food has occupied social and biological scientists alike. The quantitative and qualitative description of the food and nutrient intakes of individuals, however, has most commonly been undertaken by nutritionists. This paper reviews the purp…
Relations between socio‐economic status and morbidity, food intake and growth in young children in two villages in Bangladesh
The relations between socio‐economic status (SES) and food‐intake, morbidity and anthropometric status of children under five years old were analyzed from longitudinal data collected in two Bangladeshi villages. Illness surveillance every other day and monthly anthropometric measurements were done during one year for 197 children, and weighed food intake studies were done monthly for 65 of these children. Socio‐economic variables included wealth …
Health and growth of infants and young children in Huáscar, Perú
Rural to urban migration has increased greatly over the last several decades in Latin America. New migrants usually live in peri‐urban communities that lack basic services, including potable water, sewerage or electricity. Residents of one such community near Lima, Perú, were found to have a high rate of infant and childhood mortality; half of childhood deaths were associated with diarrhea. Surviving children had a high rate of diarrhea with a pe…
Rapid ethnographic assessment
Feeding practices and prevalence of hand‐feeding of infants and young children in Kwara State, Nigeria
A survey questionnaire was administered to a representative sample of mothers of infants and young children less than three years of age in the seven Yoruba speaking local government areas (LGA) of Kwara State, Nigeria, to obtain information on children's feeding practices in relation to their ages, site of residence, and selected family characteristics. Hand‐feeding of a dilute, fermented maize or sorghum pap was reported to be very common in th…
Development of a nutritionally adequate and culturally appropriate weaning food in Kwara State, Nigeria
A nutrition education program was undertaken in Kwara State, Nigeria to improve infant feeding practices and nutritional status of weaning-aged children. A series of ethnographic, market survey, epidemiological, dietary, clinical, and communications research studies were implemented to develop a culturally acceptable, yet nutritionally adequate, weaning food. A premise of the project was that the development and introduction of any new weaning fo…
Sociodemographic and clinical factors affecting recognition of childhood diarrhea by mothers in Kwara State, Nigeria
Evaluation of a face-to-face weaning food intervention in Kwara state, Nigeria
This paper reports on the evaluation of a pilot intervention which used nutrition education techniques to introduce a fortified, home-prepared weaning food (eko ilera, or 'pap for health') in 12 communities in Kwara State, Nigeria, from June to August, 1988. The recipe added toasted cowpea flour, red palm oil, and sugar to increase the energy and protein density of the traditional maize or sorghum starch porridge used for weaning from 38 to 85 kc…
The relationship between infants' preceding appetite, illness, and growth performance and mothers' subsequent feeding practice decisions
Effect of supplemental zinc on the growth and serum zinc concentrations of prepubertal children
Update on Technical issues concerning Complementary Feeding of Young Children in Developing Countries and Implications for Intervention Programs
This paper provides an update to the 1998 WHO/UNICEF report on complementary feeding. New research findings are generally consistent with the guidelines in that report, but the adoption of new energy and micronutrient requirements for infants and young children will result in lower recommendations regarding minimum meal frequency and energy density of complementary foods, and will alter the list of “problem nutrients.” Without fortification, the …
Infant weight‐for‐length is positively associated with subsequent linear growth across four different populations
Several studies have documented that length gain often lags behind weight gain during infancy and early childhood, suggesting that linear growth is partly regulated by initial body mass or fatness. To investigate this hypothesis, we analysed data from four longitudinal studies on growth of infants in the first 12 months: (1) U.S. breast-fed and formula-fed infants (n = 89); (2) breast-fed infants in Ghana (n = 190); (3) normal birthweight, breast…
Use of national food balance data to estimate the adequacy of zinc in national food supplies
Objectives Adequate zinc nutriture is critically important for human health, but the development of programmes to control zinc deficiency is limited by the lack of reliable information on population zinc status. The present analyses were conducted to: (1) estimate the absorbable zinc content of national food supplies; (2) compare this information with theoretical population requirements for zinc; and (3) use these results to predict national risk…
Randomized comparison of 3 types of micronutrient supplements for home fortification of complementary foods in Ghana
Setting Priorities in Global Child Health Research Investments
This article provides detailed guidelines for the implementation of systematic method for setting priorities in health research investments that was recently developed by Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI). The target audience for the proposed method are international agencies, large research funding donors, and national governments and policy-makers. The process has the following steps: (i) selecting the managers of the proce…
Setting priorities for zinc-related health research to reduce children’s disease burden worldwide
Objective To make the best use of limited resources for supporting health-related research to reduce child mortality, it is necessary to apply a suitable method to rank competing research options. The Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) developed a new methodology for setting health research priorities. To broaden experience with this priority-setting technique, we applied the method to rank possible research priorities concern…
Acceptability of zinc-fortified, lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS) prepared for young children in Burkina Faso
Micronutrient deficiencies are a public health concern among young children in low-income countries, and novel strategies are needed to improve the nutritional status of children at risk. One promising approach is the use of lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS), which can be added to complementary food at the time of consumption. The optimal amount of zinc to include in LNS is uncertain, and concerns have been expressed about possible adverse e…
Situational analysis of infant and young child nutrition activities in the Sahel – executive summary
Several international agencies and non-governmental organizations joined forces in 2007 to support an initiative to ‘Reposition children's right to adequate nutrition in the Sahel’. The overarching goal articulated by these organizations was to achieve optimal feeding of ≥80% of children 0–24 months based on relevant and internationally agreed-upon child-feeding indicators. An early activity of the working group for this infant and young child nu…
Effects of therapeutic zinc supplementation for diarrhea and two preventive zinc supplementation regimens on the incidence and duration of diarrhea and acute respiratory tract infections in rural Laot…
BACKGROUND: Diarrhea and respiratory tract infections are leading causes of childhood morbidity and mortality. This individually randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial was designed to evaluate the effects of different zinc supplementation regimens on the incidence and duration of diarrhea and acute lower (ALRI) and upper (AURI) respiratory tract infections among rural Laotian children. The study included 3407 children, 6-23 months at e…
Micronutrient deficiencies among preschool-aged children and women of reproductive age worldwide
BACKGROUND: Micronutrient deficiencies compromise immune systems, hinder child growth and development, and affect human potential worldwide. Yet, to our knowledge, the only existing estimate of the global prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies is from over 30 years ago and is based only on the prevalence of anaemia. We aimed to estimate the global and regional prevalence of deficiency in at least one of three micronutrients among preschool-aged…
Maternal and child nutrition in the Lives Saved Tool
Background: The Lives Saved Tool (LiST) is a mathematical modelling tool for estimating the survival, health, and nutritional impacts of scaling intervention coverage in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Various nutrition interventions are included in LiST and are regularly (and independently) reviewed and updated as new data emerge. This manuscript describes our latest in-depth review of nutrition evidence, focusing on intervention effic…
Basis for changes in the disease burden estimates related to vitamin A and zinc deficiencies in the 2017 and 2019 Global Burden of Disease Studies
Background: The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study provides estimates of death and disability from eighty-seven risk factors, including some micronutrient deficiencies. Objectives: To review methodological changes that led to large differences in the disease burden estimates for vitamin A and Zn deficiencies between the GBD 2017 and 2019 Studies. Methods: GBD publications were reviewed; additional information was provided by GBD researchers. Re…
Risk factors for anaemia among women and their young children hospitalised with suspected thiamine deficiency in northern Lao PDR
Anaemia among women and young children remains a major public health concern. This secondary study describes the anaemia prevalence among young hospitalised children and their mothers in northern Lao People's Democratic Republic and explores possible nutritional causes and risk factors for anaemia. Hospitalised children (ages 21 days to <18 months) with clinical symptoms suggestive of thiamine deficiency disorders were eligible along with their m…
Assessment of Women's Discretionary Salt Intake and Household Salt Utilization in Preparation for a Salt Fortification Trial in Oromia Region, Ethiopia
There is a high incidence of neural tube defects (NTDs) in Ethiopia and folate insufficiency, a primary risk factor for NTDs, is common among Ethiopian women of reproductive age (WRA). Folic acid fortification of salt has been proposed as a strategy to control these problems. In preparation for an intervention trial to assess the nutritional effects of folic acid-fortified salt, we measured discretionary salt intakes among nonpregnant WRA using o…
Haemoglobin concentration thresholds that discriminate functional outcomes among children aged 6–30 months in eight countries
Introduction The WHO cut-offs to define anaemia among children (haemoglobin, Hb <105 g/L in 6–23 months and <110 g/L in 24–59 months) are based on the distribution of Hb concentrations in a healthy population. Our objective was to identify Hb values that best discriminate functional outcomes among children aged 6–30 months. Methods We used previously compiled datasets from an individual participant data meta-analysis of effects of small quantity …
Medicine (20 obras) · Child Nutrition and Water Access (16 obras) · Environmental health (12 obras) · Pediatrics (9 obras) · Biology (8 obras) · Demography (6 obras) · Diarrhea (6 obras) · Internal Medicine (6 obras) · Trace Elements in Health (6 obras) · Demography (5 obras)