Clive Walker
Biographic Data
| ID | 3947158 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Clive Walker |
| GIVEN NAMES | Clive |
| FAMILY NAME | Walker |
| SIGNATURE | WALKER C |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Leeds |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5244-0353 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 34 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 23 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 32 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 2 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1988 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Criminal justice as racialized organizations: Evidence from ethnographies of police, courts, and jails
Criminology has long grappled with the relationship between race/racism and the criminal justice system. In this article, we build on past critiques and demonstrate how scholars of the criminal legal system can use meso‐level theories of race/racism to better explain their findings, develop new insights, and pose new research questions. To this end, we introduce the theory of racialized organizations. Drawing examples from recent ethnographic stu…
The Study of Racism and Policing in the United States
We begin this article by discussing two moments, in the late 1800s and late 1900s, in which the racist views of influential political scientists fundamentally shaped research on policing. In contrast, today's scholarship, breaking sharply with research of the past, does not attempt to justify racist policing but to study it. The dominant approach today follows a racial disparities framework, which maps out the uneven allocation of police harms. A…
Citizenship as a Privilege and the Weakness of International Law: The Consequences for Citizenship Deprivation in Bahrain and the UK
Citizenship serves different interests. It provides security and empowerment for the citizen. For the state, control of citizenship is an attribute of sovereignty which may treat citizenship as a privilege at its behest rather than an individual right claimed in defiance of its interests. This tension is situated within a tripartite relationship also involving international law. However, international law’s insistence on a human right to citizens…
Extradition between Kuwait and the UK: New dispositions, old doubts
Counterterrorism within the Rule of Law? Rhetoric and Reality with Special Reference to the United Kingdom
The rule of law remains a hallowed principle even in the unpromising environment of counterterrorism, but failures to live up to rule of law rhetoric must be highlighted. As a result, one might question whether counterterrorism can realistically be conducted wholly in accordance with the rule of law. So, is the rule of law rhetoric or reality? In practice, it remains exceptional for states to resort to express or wide derogations from rule of law…
Assets, Crimes, and the State: Innovations in 21st Century Legal Responses
Art and antiquities have been identified as assets for terrorist financing and money laundering, and their trade is, therefore, being targeted for regulation. However, there is little data on cultural property trading and even less on cultural property crime, and cultural property traders are resisting anti-money laundering (AML) regulation. This chapter presents evidence from open-source research that demonstrates the participation of organised …
The Juridification of the UK’s Counter Terrorism Prevent Policy
The U.K. policy of “Prevent” aims to stop people becoming involved in, or supporting, terrorism. In common with many CVE policies worldwide, Prevent has remained controversial in its conception, delivery, and impact. A formal review is now underway, so it is opportune to ask, “Whither Prevent?” This paper will examine briefly the justifications for Prevent, but the main thesis is that the juridification of Prevent is a beneficial trend in the U.K…
Blackstone's Counter-Terrorism Handbook
This book provides an authoritative, operational guide to anti-terrorism legislation. It also contains important contextual chapters on the counter-terrorism operational framework, the national structures and strategies, and the role and functions of key agencies. The fourth edition includes coverage of the Government's updated CONTEST Strategy, Cyber Security Strategy, National Security Strategy and the national response to terrorist emergencies…
"They haven't gone away you know." The Persistence of Proscription and the Problems of Deproscription
Proscription orders in UK legislation against terrorist groups have proliferated since 9/11. Added to the dozen or so Northern Ireland terrorist groups, around 70 international groups and one domestic neo-Nazi group have joined the list. Since that time, only two organisations have been deproscribed, and the UK government has resisted the periodic revision of listings and changes to the procedures for challenge and removal. The paper will conside…
Terrorism investigations and prosecutions in comparative law
The collection of articles in this special issue originated from a one-day conference held at the School of Law, Queen Mary University of London on 10 May 2013, co-organised by the Queen Mary Crimi
Post-charge questioning in UK terrorism cases: Straining the adversarial process
The Counter-Terrorism Act 2008, sections 22–26, implement post-charge questioning in relation to persons in detention because of terrorism offence charges. Relevant principles and practicalities are examined, plus the exceptional circumstances when such questioning is to be allowed. Implementation of the scheme, which was delayed for several years, has required detailed work by way of published guidance. Based on adversarialism and fairness, ther…
Interdiction and Indoctrination: The Counter‐Terrorism and Security Act 2015
Lying behind the recent Counter‐Terrorism and Security Act 2015 is the phenomenon of foreign terrorist fighters which has sparked international and national attention. The 2015 Act deals with many facets of counter terrorism legislation, but its two principal measures are singled out for analysis and critique in this paper. Thus, Part I of the Act seeks to interdict foreign terrorist fighters by preventing suspects from travelling and dealing dec…
Security From Terrorism Financing: Models of Delivery Applied to Informal Value Transfer Systems
After 9/11, international counter terrorism financing efforts have delivered measures under both a criminal justice model and a regulatory risks model. Questions therefore arise about the delivery of justice within these respective models, alongside doubts about their capacity to yield meaningful impacts from an ‘all risks’ platform rather than a targeted criminal suspect approach. Particular reference is made to informal value transfer systems, …
Online terrorism and online laws
Terrorist and extremist movements have long exploited mass communications technology in pursuit of their political ends. The advent of the internet offers new opportunities. In response, state counter-measures seek to stem the impact of extreme ideologies by a number of tactics. “Positive” measures refer to those online initiatives that seek to make an impact through digital engagement and education and the provision of counter-narratives. “Negat…
Dirty Assets: Emerging Issues in the Regulation of Criminal and Terrorist Assets
Adopting a multi-disciplinary and comparative approach, this book focuses on the emerging and innovative aspects of attempts to target the accumulated assets of those engaged in criminal and terrorist activity, organized crime and corruption. It examines the 'follow-the-money' approach and explores the nature of criminal, civil and regulatory responses used to attack the financial assets of those engaged in financial crime in order to deter and d…
Legal perspectives on contingencies and resilience in an environment of constitutionalism - An overview
Many of the hazards faced by twenty-first century society reflect changes within the broader risk domain which are characterised by high levels of unpredictability,1 and low tolerance of risk.2 By
The governance of emergency arrangements
Part II of the Civil Contingencies Act 2004 (‘emergency powers’) has remained almost a dead-letter and has never been fully implemented. The first part of this paper will reflect upon the contents and performance of Part II. The second part will seek to explain the powerful official aversion to it. The reasons for this aversion relate not only to the political implications arising from the implied admission of a loss of control or failure of resi…
Larger Carnivores of the African Savannas
Counter-Terrorism: International Law and Practice
Book Review of: Counter-Terrorism: International Law and Practice, by AMS de Fr? ́as, KLH Samueland ND White (eds), Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2012, 1156 pp. + lxxii, £165.00(hardback), ISBN 978-0-19-955380-8
The Treatment of Foreign Terror Suspects
Following the bombings in London of July 2005, the Prime Minister, Tony Blair warned that ‘the rules of the game are changing’. The proposed changes have primarily related to foreign suspects of terrorism and engage rules relating to asylum, deportation and nationality. The Terrorism Act 2006 and the Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2006, which give effect to the proposals, are examined and analysed with reference to the policy choices in …
The Civil Contingencies Act 2004: Risk, Resilience, and the Law in the United Kingdom
The Civil Contingencies Act 2004 marks an important recognition of the increasingly vital agendas of risk and resilience within our society. The United Kingdom has long had legislation dealing with limited types of risk in certain situations. Most prominent and controversial has been the recent legislation about terrorism, but there have also existed other statutes to deal with problems such as; debilitating industrial strikes; power and water su…
Clamping Down on Terrorism in the United Kingdom
There is a long history of laws responding to terrorism that have been utilized in the United Kingdom. This article outlines the important strands of development, including in the former colonies of the British Empire, in Ireland, and in mainland Britain itself. It offers an overview of contemporary legislation — the Terrorism Act 2000, the Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001, the Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005 and the Terrorism Act 200…
Biological Attack, Terrorism and the Law
According to President George W. Bush, we are living amidst ‘the first war of the twenty-first century’. How then should the United Kingdom react? It is suggested that at least two strands of legal policy and response should be considered. The first concerns the design of antiterrorism laws and policies. For the purposes of this paper, the remit will be confined to how antiterrorism laws have responded to the threat from biological attack. The se…
Policy Options and Priorities: British Perspectives
Confronting terrorism: European experiences, threat perceptions and policies
Contents, 1. Confronting Terrorism, Marianne van Leeuwen, 2. Policy Options and Priorities: British Perspectives, Clive Walker, 3. Irish Experiences and Perspectives, Dermot Walsh, 4. Democratization and State Responses to Protracted Terrorism in Spain, Fernando Reinares, 5. The French Approach: Vigour and Vigilance, Nathalie Cettina, 6. Terrorism in Italy: Receding and Emerging Issues, Giuseppe de Lutiis, Terrorism in Germany: Old and New Proble…
Clamping Down on Terrorism in the United Kingdom
There is a long history of laws responding to terrorism that have been utilized in the United Kingdom. This article outlines the important strands of development, including in the former colonies of the British Empire, in Ireland, and in mainland Britain itself. It offers an overview of contemporary legislation — the Terrorism Act 2000, the Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001, the Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005 and the Terrorism Act 200…
Interdiction and Indoctrination: The Counter‐Terrorism and Security Act 2015
Lying behind the recent Counter‐Terrorism and Security Act 2015 is the phenomenon of foreign terrorist fighters which has sparked international and national attention. The 2015 Act deals with many facets of counter terrorism legislation, but its two principal measures are singled out for analysis and critique in this paper. Thus, Part I of the Act seeks to interdict foreign terrorist fighters by preventing suspects from travelling and dealing dec…
Criminal justice as racialized organizations: Evidence from ethnographies of police, courts, and jails
Criminology has long grappled with the relationship between race/racism and the criminal justice system. In this article, we build on past critiques and demonstrate how scholars of the criminal legal system can use meso‐level theories of race/racism to better explain their findings, develop new insights, and pose new research questions. To this end, we introduce the theory of racialized organizations. Drawing examples from recent ethnographic stu…
The Study of Racism and Policing in the United States
We begin this article by discussing two moments, in the late 1800s and late 1900s, in which the racist views of influential political scientists fundamentally shaped research on policing. In contrast, today's scholarship, breaking sharply with research of the past, does not attempt to justify racist policing but to study it. The dominant approach today follows a racial disparities framework, which maps out the uneven allocation of police harms. A…
The Juridification of the UK’s Counter Terrorism Prevent Policy
The U.K. policy of “Prevent” aims to stop people becoming involved in, or supporting, terrorism. In common with many CVE policies worldwide, Prevent has remained controversial in its conception, delivery, and impact. A formal review is now underway, so it is opportune to ask, “Whither Prevent?” This paper will examine briefly the justifications for Prevent, but the main thesis is that the juridification of Prevent is a beneficial trend in the U.K…
The urban crime fund and total geographic policing initiatives in West Yorkshire
The Urban Crime Fund initiative (UCF) in the West Yorkshire Police Authority Area between April 1992 and March 1993 furnished substantial additional resources to selected police forces (West Yorkshire, Northumbria and Merseyside) to deal with urban policing problems. In this paper, we concentrate upon the several 'total geographic policing', or 'problem‐oriented policing' projects, which in fact consumed the bulk of the budget. Having defined tho…
"They haven't gone away you know." The Persistence of Proscription and the Problems of Deproscription
Proscription orders in UK legislation against terrorist groups have proliferated since 9/11. Added to the dozen or so Northern Ireland terrorist groups, around 70 international groups and one domestic neo-Nazi group have joined the list. Since that time, only two organisations have been deproscribed, and the UK government has resisted the periodic revision of listings and changes to the procedures for challenge and removal. The paper will conside…
Briefing on the terrorism act 2000
The Terrorism Act 2000 represents the latest effort by the UK government to tackle the legal problems posed by political violence. The legislation builds upon statutory codes which have been developed over the last three decades in Britain and Ireland. The failure in part to be more innovative is explained and criticized. But the instances where the legislation does make a break from the past are also subject to analysis. Key questions are asked …
The Bombs in Omagh and their Aftermath: The Criminal Justice (Terrorism and Conspiracy) Act 1998
Fundamental Rights, Fair Trials and the New Audio‐Visual Sector
P olitical V iolence and D emocracy in N orthern I reland
Pre‐Trial Reviews, Court Efficiency and Justice: A Study in Leeds and Bradford Magistrates' Courts1
This article discusses briefly the role that might be played by pre‐trial review (PTR) hearings in promoting the efficient handling of criminal cases in the magistrates' courts. It then summarises some of the findings of an evaluation study undertaken by the authors in two busy inner‐city courts which have slightly different systems for pre‐trial review. Efficiency gains are measured in tern of case‐settlement and case‐streamlining and the result…
Fundamental Rights, Fair Trials and the New Audio‐Visual Sector
The urban crime fund and total geographic policing initiatives in West Yorkshire
The Urban Crime Fund initiative (UCF) in the West Yorkshire Police Authority Area between April 1992 and March 1993 furnished substantial additional resources to selected police forces (West Yorkshire, Northumbria and Merseyside) to deal with urban policing problems. In this paper, we concentrate upon the several 'total geographic policing', or 'problem‐oriented policing' projects, which in fact consumed the bulk of the budget. Having defined tho…
The cheetah
Human Rights on Duty: Principles for Better Policing – International Lessons for Northern Ireland
The Bombs in Omagh and their Aftermath: The Criminal Justice (Terrorism and Conspiracy) Act 1998
Briefing on the terrorism act 2000
The Terrorism Act 2000 represents the latest effort by the UK government to tackle the legal problems posed by political violence. The legislation builds upon statutory codes which have been developed over the last three decades in Britain and Ireland. The failure in part to be more innovative is explained and criticized. But the instances where the legislation does make a break from the past are also subject to analysis. Key questions are asked …
Digital Evidence and Computer Crime: Forensic Science, Computers and the Internet
Policy Options and Priorities: British Perspectives
Confronting terrorism: European experiences, threat perceptions and policies
Contents, 1. Confronting Terrorism, Marianne van Leeuwen, 2. Policy Options and Priorities: British Perspectives, Clive Walker, 3. Irish Experiences and Perspectives, Dermot Walsh, 4. Democratization and State Responses to Protracted Terrorism in Spain, Fernando Reinares, 5. The French Approach: Vigour and Vigilance, Nathalie Cettina, 6. Terrorism in Italy: Receding and Emerging Issues, Giuseppe de Lutiis, Terrorism in Germany: Old and New Proble…
Biological Attack, Terrorism and the Law
According to President George W. Bush, we are living amidst ‘the first war of the twenty-first century’. How then should the United Kingdom react? It is suggested that at least two strands of legal policy and response should be considered. The first concerns the design of antiterrorism laws and policies. For the purposes of this paper, the remit will be confined to how antiterrorism laws have responded to the threat from biological attack. The se…
The Civil Contingencies Act 2004: Risk, Resilience, and the Law in the United Kingdom
The Civil Contingencies Act 2004 marks an important recognition of the increasingly vital agendas of risk and resilience within our society. The United Kingdom has long had legislation dealing with limited types of risk in certain situations. Most prominent and controversial has been the recent legislation about terrorism, but there have also existed other statutes to deal with problems such as; debilitating industrial strikes; power and water su…
Clamping Down on Terrorism in the United Kingdom
There is a long history of laws responding to terrorism that have been utilized in the United Kingdom. This article outlines the important strands of development, including in the former colonies of the British Empire, in Ireland, and in mainland Britain itself. It offers an overview of contemporary legislation — the Terrorism Act 2000, the Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001, the Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005 and the Terrorism Act 200…
The Treatment of Foreign Terror Suspects
Following the bombings in London of July 2005, the Prime Minister, Tony Blair warned that ‘the rules of the game are changing’. The proposed changes have primarily related to foreign suspects of terrorism and engage rules relating to asylum, deportation and nationality. The Terrorism Act 2006 and the Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2006, which give effect to the proposals, are examined and analysed with reference to the policy choices in …
Counter-Terrorism: International Law and Practice
Book Review of: Counter-Terrorism: International Law and Practice, by AMS de Fr? ́as, KLH Samueland ND White (eds), Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2012, 1156 pp. + lxxii, £165.00(hardback), ISBN 978-0-19-955380-8
Larger Carnivores of the African Savannas
Dirty Assets: Emerging Issues in the Regulation of Criminal and Terrorist Assets
Adopting a multi-disciplinary and comparative approach, this book focuses on the emerging and innovative aspects of attempts to target the accumulated assets of those engaged in criminal and terrorist activity, organized crime and corruption. It examines the 'follow-the-money' approach and explores the nature of criminal, civil and regulatory responses used to attack the financial assets of those engaged in financial crime in order to deter and d…
Legal perspectives on contingencies and resilience in an environment of constitutionalism - An overview
Many of the hazards faced by twenty-first century society reflect changes within the broader risk domain which are characterised by high levels of unpredictability,1 and low tolerance of risk.2 By
The governance of emergency arrangements
Part II of the Civil Contingencies Act 2004 (‘emergency powers’) has remained almost a dead-letter and has never been fully implemented. The first part of this paper will reflect upon the contents and performance of Part II. The second part will seek to explain the powerful official aversion to it. The reasons for this aversion relate not only to the political implications arising from the implied admission of a loss of control or failure of resi…
Online terrorism and online laws
Terrorist and extremist movements have long exploited mass communications technology in pursuit of their political ends. The advent of the internet offers new opportunities. In response, state counter-measures seek to stem the impact of extreme ideologies by a number of tactics. “Positive” measures refer to those online initiatives that seek to make an impact through digital engagement and education and the provision of counter-narratives. “Negat…
Terrorism investigations and prosecutions in comparative law
The collection of articles in this special issue originated from a one-day conference held at the School of Law, Queen Mary University of London on 10 May 2013, co-organised by the Queen Mary Crimi
Post-charge questioning in UK terrorism cases: Straining the adversarial process
The Counter-Terrorism Act 2008, sections 22–26, implement post-charge questioning in relation to persons in detention because of terrorism offence charges. Relevant principles and practicalities are examined, plus the exceptional circumstances when such questioning is to be allowed. Implementation of the scheme, which was delayed for several years, has required detailed work by way of published guidance. Based on adversarialism and fairness, ther…
Interdiction and Indoctrination: The Counter‐Terrorism and Security Act 2015
Lying behind the recent Counter‐Terrorism and Security Act 2015 is the phenomenon of foreign terrorist fighters which has sparked international and national attention. The 2015 Act deals with many facets of counter terrorism legislation, but its two principal measures are singled out for analysis and critique in this paper. Thus, Part I of the Act seeks to interdict foreign terrorist fighters by preventing suspects from travelling and dealing dec…
Security From Terrorism Financing: Models of Delivery Applied to Informal Value Transfer Systems
After 9/11, international counter terrorism financing efforts have delivered measures under both a criminal justice model and a regulatory risks model. Questions therefore arise about the delivery of justice within these respective models, alongside doubts about their capacity to yield meaningful impacts from an ‘all risks’ platform rather than a targeted criminal suspect approach. Particular reference is made to informal value transfer systems, …
Political science (30 works) · Law (26 works) · Sociology (20 works) · Criminology (17 works) · Terrorism (17 works) · Law (14 works) · Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence (12 works) · Computer Science (10 works) · Politics (10 works) · Human rights (9 works)