Malcolm Reed
Biographic Data
| ID | 4014403 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Malcolm Reed |
| GIVEN NAMES | Malcolm |
| FAMILY NAME | Reed |
| SIGNATURE | REED M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Bristol |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7442-2132 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 19 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 19 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1996 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
The influence of candidates’ race on examiners’ ratings in standardised assessments of clinical practice
Purpose Delivering fair and reliable summative assessments in medical education assumes examiner decision making is devoid of bias. We investigated whether candidate racial appearances influenced examiner ratings in undergraduate clinical exams.Methods We used an internet-based design. Examiners watched a randomised set of six videos of three different white candidates and three different non-white (Asian, black and Chinese) candidates taking a c…
The influence of candidates’ physical attributes on patient ratings in simulated assessments of clinical practice
BACKGROUND: We have previously shown that clinical examiners' scoring is not negatively impacted when a candidate has a tattoo, unnatural hair colour, or a regional accent. We investigated whether these physical attributes in exam candidates impact patient scoring. METHODS: Simulated/real patients were randomly assigned to watch five videos of simulated candidate performances of a cranial nerve examination: clear fail, borderline, good, 'clear pa…
National inter-rater agreement of standardised simulated-patient-based assessments
PURPOSE: The forthcoming UK Medical Licensing Assessment will require all medical schools in the UK to ensure that their students pass an appropriately designed Clinical and Professional Skills Assessment (CPSA) prior to graduation and registration with a licence to practice medicine. The requirements for the CPSA will be set by the General Medical Council, but individual medical schools will be responsible for implementing their own assessments.…
The influence of candidates’ physical attributes on assessors’ ratings in clinical practice
BACKGROUND: Assessments of physician competence in the work-place are common and often contribute to high-stakes assessments. Previous research suggests that assessors' judgements can be influenced by candidates' physical attributes. We investigated whether simulated candidates' scores were influenced by assessor bias based on tattoos, hair colour, and a regional accent. METHODS: We used an experimental, video-based, single-blinded, randomised, i…
Classroom Interaction and the Development of Empowerment
What is the practical pedagogic value of the zone of proximal development? How might we draw from the writings of Vygotsky and Leont’ev with regard to understanding the process of children and young people’s development as socialised intellectual beings? This article applies cultural-historical theory to classroom activity in order to reveal the potential for dynamic change in subjectivity, agency, cooperation and collaboration. After a detailed …
Understanding and responding to negativism in schooling
Gathering Stones
This paper explores the verbal image of ‘gathering stones’ in order to appreciate the continuing relevance of Vygotsky to the tradition of inquiry that has been inspired by his example and his work. It considers how our tradition is built on the ancient and critical activity of problematization. The meaning and inner value of tradition is explored in relation to problems we address now and have addressed historically, in particular in relation to…
Everyday Fragments on the Ceiling of Room 407
Jane Speedy was leading the community of scholars in the 'open space' session for March 2014 in Room 407. The Narrative Inquiry Centre held an 'open space' session every month on the fourth floor of the Graduate School of Education. In 'open space' sessions, one scholar led with exemplars of work that was troubling them/that they were troubling, after which others contributed their thoughts/comments and writing. Jane Speedy's recent stroke had re…
Michel Foucault and the Administering of Lives
This chapter suggests that Michel Foucault is a nuisance for scholars of organizations, albeit a productive one. Foucault disavowed the study of organizations, yet his work was fundamentally concerned with the administering of lives, a central concern of scholars of organizations. The chapter explores this tension by examining four displacements that Foucault sought to effect: first, a move from asking ‘why’ type questions to ‘how’ type questions…
Object Lessons [Pitt Rivers Museum, Oxford]
Thorns on My Tongue
How might we bear witness to the fluidity and fragility of identity work that takes place during classroom discussion? How do teachers and pupils play with the personal politics of positioning during our everyday interactions? The piece that follows is written as a story almost entirely in everyday dialogue. It takes a methodological turn towards narrative imagining in order to develop an approach that explores the performance of projected, recei…
Somewhere Between What Is and What If
Fictionalisation seems to render ethnographic inquiry suspect as research appropriate to the social sciences because it subverts a claim of realism or objectivity. This leads some ethnographers to propose alternative criteria for validation, such as participation and evocation, which offer alignment with realism; others suggest that scientific values of veridical observation should be replaced by the literary values of stylistic representation. T…
Clinicians’ concerns about decision support interventions for patients facing breast cancer surgery options
BACKGROUND: There is interest in interventions that provide support for patients facing challenging decisions, such as the choice between mastectomy and breast conservation surgery for breast cancer. However, it is difficult to implement these interventions. One potential source of resistance is the attitudes of clinicians. OBJECTIVE: To examine specialist breast clinicians' opinions about the provision of decision support interventions (DesIs) f…
Waiting for Rain
Boff the Hamster
A tired‐looking man appears out of a corridor of scuffed linoleum and steps tentatively on to the sombre carpet of a waiting room. He has entered the antechamber to a headteacher's office. Framed m
The visit
A perplexed story
This piece of life - or, to give it its grand title, auto-ethnographic research - owes its initial impetus in becoming a written project to a photograph someone took of me in a London secondary school staffroom early on in my teaching career. The young man in the photograph peers out at me from my office wall. Sometime last year, he began to compel me to dig around in filing cabinets for the journals, occasional poems and other dusty relics of a …
Strong language
In order to discuss the nature and nurture of authorship in schooled literacy, the author explores what Bakhtin calls ‘responsive understanding’ to text and textual relations (1986). The activity of dialogue is crucial to the condition and form of responsive understanding. This paper considers a renewed interest in dialogical method as a way of strengthening teachers' purposes, particularly in relation to the development of learners' writing
Mapping the Literacy Curriculum
Everyday Fragments on the Ceiling of Room 407
Jane Speedy was leading the community of scholars in the 'open space' session for March 2014 in Room 407. The Narrative Inquiry Centre held an 'open space' session every month on the fourth floor of the Graduate School of Education. In 'open space' sessions, one scholar led with exemplars of work that was troubling them/that they were troubling, after which others contributed their thoughts/comments and writing. Jane Speedy's recent stroke had re…
Mapping the Literacy Curriculum
Strong language
In order to discuss the nature and nurture of authorship in schooled literacy, the author explores what Bakhtin calls ‘responsive understanding’ to text and textual relations (1986). The activity of dialogue is crucial to the condition and form of responsive understanding. This paper considers a renewed interest in dialogical method as a way of strengthening teachers' purposes, particularly in relation to the development of learners' writing
The visit
A perplexed story
This piece of life - or, to give it its grand title, auto-ethnographic research - owes its initial impetus in becoming a written project to a photograph someone took of me in a London secondary school staffroom early on in my teaching career. The young man in the photograph peers out at me from my office wall. Sometime last year, he began to compel me to dig around in filing cabinets for the journals, occasional poems and other dusty relics of a …
Boff the Hamster
A tired‐looking man appears out of a corridor of scuffed linoleum and steps tentatively on to the sombre carpet of a waiting room. He has entered the antechamber to a headteacher's office. Framed m
Waiting for Rain
Somewhere Between What Is and What If
Fictionalisation seems to render ethnographic inquiry suspect as research appropriate to the social sciences because it subverts a claim of realism or objectivity. This leads some ethnographers to propose alternative criteria for validation, such as participation and evocation, which offer alignment with realism; others suggest that scientific values of veridical observation should be replaced by the literary values of stylistic representation. T…
Clinicians’ concerns about decision support interventions for patients facing breast cancer surgery options
BACKGROUND: There is interest in interventions that provide support for patients facing challenging decisions, such as the choice between mastectomy and breast conservation surgery for breast cancer. However, it is difficult to implement these interventions. One potential source of resistance is the attitudes of clinicians. OBJECTIVE: To examine specialist breast clinicians' opinions about the provision of decision support interventions (DesIs) f…
Thorns on My Tongue
How might we bear witness to the fluidity and fragility of identity work that takes place during classroom discussion? How do teachers and pupils play with the personal politics of positioning during our everyday interactions? The piece that follows is written as a story almost entirely in everyday dialogue. It takes a methodological turn towards narrative imagining in order to develop an approach that explores the performance of projected, recei…
Michel Foucault and the Administering of Lives
This chapter suggests that Michel Foucault is a nuisance for scholars of organizations, albeit a productive one. Foucault disavowed the study of organizations, yet his work was fundamentally concerned with the administering of lives, a central concern of scholars of organizations. The chapter explores this tension by examining four displacements that Foucault sought to effect: first, a move from asking ‘why’ type questions to ‘how’ type questions…
Object Lessons [Pitt Rivers Museum, Oxford]
Everyday Fragments on the Ceiling of Room 407
Jane Speedy was leading the community of scholars in the 'open space' session for March 2014 in Room 407. The Narrative Inquiry Centre held an 'open space' session every month on the fourth floor of the Graduate School of Education. In 'open space' sessions, one scholar led with exemplars of work that was troubling them/that they were troubling, after which others contributed their thoughts/comments and writing. Jane Speedy's recent stroke had re…
Understanding and responding to negativism in schooling
Gathering Stones
This paper explores the verbal image of ‘gathering stones’ in order to appreciate the continuing relevance of Vygotsky to the tradition of inquiry that has been inspired by his example and his work. It considers how our tradition is built on the ancient and critical activity of problematization. The meaning and inner value of tradition is explored in relation to problems we address now and have addressed historically, in particular in relation to…
Classroom Interaction and the Development of Empowerment
What is the practical pedagogic value of the zone of proximal development? How might we draw from the writings of Vygotsky and Leont’ev with regard to understanding the process of children and young people’s development as socialised intellectual beings? This article applies cultural-historical theory to classroom activity in order to reveal the potential for dynamic change in subjectivity, agency, cooperation and collaboration. After a detailed …
National inter-rater agreement of standardised simulated-patient-based assessments
PURPOSE: The forthcoming UK Medical Licensing Assessment will require all medical schools in the UK to ensure that their students pass an appropriately designed Clinical and Professional Skills Assessment (CPSA) prior to graduation and registration with a licence to practice medicine. The requirements for the CPSA will be set by the General Medical Council, but individual medical schools will be responsible for implementing their own assessments.…
The influence of candidates’ physical attributes on assessors’ ratings in clinical practice
BACKGROUND: Assessments of physician competence in the work-place are common and often contribute to high-stakes assessments. Previous research suggests that assessors' judgements can be influenced by candidates' physical attributes. We investigated whether simulated candidates' scores were influenced by assessor bias based on tattoos, hair colour, and a regional accent. METHODS: We used an experimental, video-based, single-blinded, randomised, i…
The influence of candidates’ physical attributes on patient ratings in simulated assessments of clinical practice
BACKGROUND: We have previously shown that clinical examiners' scoring is not negatively impacted when a candidate has a tattoo, unnatural hair colour, or a regional accent. We investigated whether these physical attributes in exam candidates impact patient scoring. METHODS: Simulated/real patients were randomly assigned to watch five videos of simulated candidate performances of a cranial nerve examination: clear fail, borderline, good, 'clear pa…
The influence of candidates’ race on examiners’ ratings in standardised assessments of clinical practice
Purpose Delivering fair and reliable summative assessments in medical education assumes examiner decision making is devoid of bias. We investigated whether candidate racial appearances influenced examiner ratings in undergraduate clinical exams.Methods We used an internet-based design. Examiners watched a randomised set of six videos of three different white candidates and three different non-white (Asian, black and Chinese) candidates taking a c…
Psychology (13 works) · Computer Science (9 works) · Sociology (9 works) · Medicine (6 works) · Philosophy (5 works) · Political science (5 works) · Social Psychology (5 works) · Innovative Education and Learning Practices (4 works) · Art (3 works) · Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills (3 works)