Peter Marcus Kristensen
Biographic Data
| ID | 4085571 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Peter Marcus Kristensen |
| GIVEN NAMES | Peter Marcus |
| FAMILY NAME | Kristensen |
| SIGNATURE | KRISTENSEN P M |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Copenhagen |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8357-5293 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 25 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 200 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 25 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2012 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Time and the multiplex order
Scholarship on multiplex orders has largely focused on the spatial dimensions of multiplexity. This article explores the notion of temporal multiplexity, arguing that global orders also operate through distinct and coexisting temporal regimes. Drawing on and expanding Amitav Acharya's multiplex framework, we theorize how different actors experience, interpret and structure time within international politics. We propose a reinterpretation of the c…
Mapping Quality Judgment in International Relations: Cognitive Dimensions and Sociological Correlates
Research quality assessment is a cornerstone of academic practice, yet the criteria that inform such judgments are often assumed rather than critically examined through empirical research. This article draws on a global survey of international relations (IR) scholars ( N = 820) to analyze the cognitive dimensions underlying research quality evaluation and their variation across sociological and epistemological factors. We identify seven distinct …
Erased: A History of International Thought Without Men
A parochial internationalization: Surveying the power and evolution of Nordic International Relations scholarship
Nordic International Relations (IR) scholarship is marked by a “parochial internationalization” that balances proximity to the dominant American mainstream with an independent scholarly identity. This article examines the sociological features of the “Nordic IR” strategy—focusing on institutional, intellectual, and policy orientations—by presenting data from the Teaching, Research, and International Policy (TRIP) surveys conducted in 2011, 2014, …
How (not) to advance Global IR: A Rejoinder
In this rejoinder, we engage with the recent International Theory symposium on Global IR, situating it within the broader literature and outlining intellectual pathways for advancing Global IR’s agenda. We explore how the main critiques identified by the symposium – namely, essentialism, geo-epistemologies, disciplinary reformism, and ahistoricism – have been and can be further addressed through recent developments in Global IR. This rejoinder is…
The Realism-Idealism Debate in the International Studies Conference, 1933–1937
International Relations (IR) long reproduced a mythical account of how the discipline was born out of a “first great debate” in the 1930s between a dominant group of naïve appeasing idealists versus a group of firm scientific realists. Thorough revisionist historical work has since challenged the mythical narrative and introduced two major revisions to disciplinary history: Interwar IR was not dominated by idealism and the first great debate neve…
Subject matters: Imperialism and the constitution of International Relations
This article contributes to the critical historical research that has demythologised the ‘noble origins’ of the International Relations discipline (IR) by exposing its imperial, colonial, and racist legacies. Where most critical historiographies have unveiled the centrality of racialised and imperialist ontologies in individual thinkers and theories, this article traces imperialist origins of international thought by reconstructing its impact on …
The South in “Global IR”: Worlding Beyond the “Non-West” in the Case of Brazil
As international relations has started to grapple with its geo-cultural parochialism, the focus has been on its “Western-centrism” and on how “non-Western” international relations might be different. This article argues that attempts to deprovincialize “Western” (i.e., Euro-American) international thought do not always revolve around “non-Westernness,” a negation with often cultural-civilizational connotations, but also deploy a North/South world…
Remembering and forgetting IPE: Disciplinary history as boundary work
A full understanding of the development and re-production of IPE is only possible with an appreciation of its disciplinary politics. This institutionalises four aspects of academic inquiry: (a) what is considered admissible work in the field, (b) how work should be conducted and where it should be published (c) where the field’s legitimate boundaries are, and (d) ‘external relations’ with cognate disciplines. Academic gatekeepers in positions of …
Peaceful change’ in International Relations: A conceptual archaeology
As the so-called liberal international order has come under duress, the problem of ‘peaceful change’ has reappeared on the agenda of International Relations (IR), mainly in a realist guise drawing upon E.H. Carr and Robert Gilpin's renditions of the problem. Making a conceptual archaeological intervention, this paper recovers long-neglected multidisciplinary debates on ‘peaceful change’ taking place in the tumultuous interwar period. It concurs t…
States of emergence, states of knowledge: A comparative sociology of international relations in China and India
This article examines the relationship between the geopolitical rise of new powers in international relations and knowledge production in International Relations. It draws on the science studies literature on the ‘co-production’ of science and politics to conceptualise and analyse this relationship between the ‘state of emergence’ and ‘state of knowledge’. I argue that the ‘state of emergence’ should be conceptualised not only as a real-world con…
Leadership with Chinese Characteristics
International Relations at the End: A Sociological Autopsy
Recent interventions suggest that the discipline of international relations has moved beyond “grand theories” and “great debates” toward middle range theorizing and quantitative hypothesis testing. At the same time, scholars argue that the field is fragmenting into insular camps. I subject these claims to an analysis that borrows from scholarship on the sociology of science. I apply network analytical methods to dissect the structure of the disci…
After Abdication: America Debates the Future of Global Leadership
The Babel of European Union Studies: Beyond the Trans-Atlantic Divide
This article examines four lines of scholarly difference in European Union (EU) studies – meta-theoretical, (sub)disciplinary, epistemological and methodological – and whether these are linked to the geographical and institutional affiliations of the authors operating in the field. The study uses a novel dataset based on a quantitative content analysis and human coding of 1597 articles in leading journals dealing with the EU published in the peri…
Southern sensibilities: Advancing third wave sociology of international relations in the case of Brazil
The Curious Case of ‘Schools’ of IR: From the Sociology to the Geopolitics of Knowledge
This article interrogates the questions evoked by the curious case of ‘schools’ of thought in International Relations (IR) through the twin perspectives of the sociology of knowledge and geopolitics of knowledge. Drawing inspirations from the tradition of the sociology of IR pioneered by E. H. Carr, the paper first explores how geo-epistemic diversity can help understand the sociologically problematic nature of IR knowledge production in the exis…
Discipline admonished: On International Relations fragmentation and the disciplinary politics of stocktaking
The International Relations discipline has recently witnessed a wave of stocktakings and they surprisingly often follow the narrative that the discipline once revolved around all-encompassing great debates, which, either neatly or claustrophobically depending on the stocktaker, organized the discipline. Today, most stocktakers argue, International Relations has moved beyond great debate — the very symbol of the discipline — and is undergoing frag…
How can emerging powers speak? On theorists, native informants and quasi-officials in International Relations discourse
Emerging powers like China, India and Brazil are receiving growing attention as objects in International Relations (IR) discourse. Scholars from these emerging powers are rarely present as subjects in mainstream IR discourse, however. This paper interrogates the conditions for scholars in emerging powers to speak back to the mainstream discipline. It argues, first, that ‘theory speak’ is rare from scholars based in periphery countries perceived t…
Chinese International Relations Theory
International relations in China and Europe: The case for interregional dialogue in a hegemonic discipline
The International Relations discipline (IR) is known as an ‘American Social Science’ dominated by scholars and theories from the US core. This paper compares IR in two non-core settings, China and Europe. It shows that there is a growing institutional and intellectual integration into the global Anglophone, mostly American, IR in both Europe and China. Both Chinese and European IR communities have established top Anglophone journals like the Euro…
The elephant in the room: Mapping the latent communication pattern in European Union studies
European Union (EU) studies is known as a fragmented and interdisciplinary field. Drawing on bibliometric methods, this article presents a novel approach to examining the alleged lines of fragmentation in EU studies. It maps the network structure arising from the citation practices in journals concerned with EU studies by analysing 2,561 documents, containing 66,162 references, published in four authoritative EU journals in the period 2003–2010. …
Revisiting the “American Social Science”-Mapping the Geography of International Relations
International Relations (IR) knows itself as an American social science. The paper first traces how the self-image as a uniquely dividing and American social science was established in the postwar period and is reproduced to this day. Second, it employs bibliometric methods to challenge this image. It confirms the dominance of Americans in a comprehensive sample of IR journals, but in contrast to previous studies, the paper also compares IR to ot…
Constructing a Chinese International Relations Theory: A Sociological Approach to Intellectual Innovation
Chinese scholars are debating whether, and how, to innovate a Chinese theory of International Relations (IR). This article examines the driving forces behind this theoretical debate. It challenges the commonsensical link between external events in the subject matter (i.r.) and theorizing (IR), which suggests that the innovation of a Chinese IR theory is a natural product of China's geopolitical rise, its growing political ambitions, and disconten…
Dividing Discipline: Structures of Communication in International Relations
International Relations (IR) has cultivated an image as a discipline with strong divisions along paradigmatic, methodological, metatheoretical, geographical, and other lines. This article questions that image analyzing the latent structures of communication in IR. It uses citation data from more than 20,000 articles published in 59 IR journals to construct a network among IR journals and finds a discipline with a center consisting of pedigreed IR…
Revisiting the “American Social Science”-Mapping the Geography of International Relations
International Relations (IR) knows itself as an American social science. The paper first traces how the self-image as a uniquely dividing and American social science was established in the postwar period and is reproduced to this day. Second, it employs bibliometric methods to challenge this image. It confirms the dominance of Americans in a comprehensive sample of IR journals, but in contrast to previous studies, the paper also compares IR to ot…
Dividing Discipline: Structures of Communication in International Relations
International Relations (IR) has cultivated an image as a discipline with strong divisions along paradigmatic, methodological, metatheoretical, geographical, and other lines. This article questions that image analyzing the latent structures of communication in IR. It uses citation data from more than 20,000 articles published in 59 IR journals to construct a network among IR journals and finds a discipline with a center consisting of pedigreed IR…
International Relations at the End: A Sociological Autopsy
Recent interventions suggest that the discipline of international relations has moved beyond “grand theories” and “great debates” toward middle range theorizing and quantitative hypothesis testing. At the same time, scholars argue that the field is fragmenting into insular camps. I subject these claims to an analysis that borrows from scholarship on the sociology of science. I apply network analytical methods to dissect the structure of the disci…
The elephant in the room: Mapping the latent communication pattern in European Union studies
European Union (EU) studies is known as a fragmented and interdisciplinary field. Drawing on bibliometric methods, this article presents a novel approach to examining the alleged lines of fragmentation in EU studies. It maps the network structure arising from the citation practices in journals concerned with EU studies by analysing 2,561 documents, containing 66,162 references, published in four authoritative EU journals in the period 2003–2010. …
Remembering and forgetting IPE: Disciplinary history as boundary work
A full understanding of the development and re-production of IPE is only possible with an appreciation of its disciplinary politics. This institutionalises four aspects of academic inquiry: (a) what is considered admissible work in the field, (b) how work should be conducted and where it should be published (c) where the field’s legitimate boundaries are, and (d) ‘external relations’ with cognate disciplines. Academic gatekeepers in positions of …
Constructing a Chinese International Relations Theory: A Sociological Approach to Intellectual Innovation
Chinese scholars are debating whether, and how, to innovate a Chinese theory of International Relations (IR). This article examines the driving forces behind this theoretical debate. It challenges the commonsensical link between external events in the subject matter (i.r.) and theorizing (IR), which suggests that the innovation of a Chinese IR theory is a natural product of China's geopolitical rise, its growing political ambitions, and disconten…
Discipline admonished: On International Relations fragmentation and the disciplinary politics of stocktaking
The International Relations discipline has recently witnessed a wave of stocktakings and they surprisingly often follow the narrative that the discipline once revolved around all-encompassing great debates, which, either neatly or claustrophobically depending on the stocktaker, organized the discipline. Today, most stocktakers argue, International Relations has moved beyond great debate — the very symbol of the discipline — and is undergoing frag…
International relations in China and Europe: The case for interregional dialogue in a hegemonic discipline
The International Relations discipline (IR) is known as an ‘American Social Science’ dominated by scholars and theories from the US core. This paper compares IR in two non-core settings, China and Europe. It shows that there is a growing institutional and intellectual integration into the global Anglophone, mostly American, IR in both Europe and China. Both Chinese and European IR communities have established top Anglophone journals like the Euro…
The Curious Case of ‘Schools’ of IR: From the Sociology to the Geopolitics of Knowledge
This article interrogates the questions evoked by the curious case of ‘schools’ of thought in International Relations (IR) through the twin perspectives of the sociology of knowledge and geopolitics of knowledge. Drawing inspirations from the tradition of the sociology of IR pioneered by E. H. Carr, the paper first explores how geo-epistemic diversity can help understand the sociologically problematic nature of IR knowledge production in the exis…
The South in “Global IR”: Worlding Beyond the “Non-West” in the Case of Brazil
As international relations has started to grapple with its geo-cultural parochialism, the focus has been on its “Western-centrism” and on how “non-Western” international relations might be different. This article argues that attempts to deprovincialize “Western” (i.e., Euro-American) international thought do not always revolve around “non-Westernness,” a negation with often cultural-civilizational connotations, but also deploy a North/South world…
How can emerging powers speak? On theorists, native informants and quasi-officials in International Relations discourse
Emerging powers like China, India and Brazil are receiving growing attention as objects in International Relations (IR) discourse. Scholars from these emerging powers are rarely present as subjects in mainstream IR discourse, however. This paper interrogates the conditions for scholars in emerging powers to speak back to the mainstream discipline. It argues, first, that ‘theory speak’ is rare from scholars based in periphery countries perceived t…
Southern sensibilities: Advancing third wave sociology of international relations in the case of Brazil
Time and the multiplex order
Scholarship on multiplex orders has largely focused on the spatial dimensions of multiplexity. This article explores the notion of temporal multiplexity, arguing that global orders also operate through distinct and coexisting temporal regimes. Drawing on and expanding Amitav Acharya's multiplex framework, we theorize how different actors experience, interpret and structure time within international politics. We propose a reinterpretation of the c…
Mapping Quality Judgment in International Relations: Cognitive Dimensions and Sociological Correlates
Research quality assessment is a cornerstone of academic practice, yet the criteria that inform such judgments are often assumed rather than critically examined through empirical research. This article draws on a global survey of international relations (IR) scholars ( N = 820) to analyze the cognitive dimensions underlying research quality evaluation and their variation across sociological and epistemological factors. We identify seven distinct …
How (not) to advance Global IR: A Rejoinder
In this rejoinder, we engage with the recent International Theory symposium on Global IR, situating it within the broader literature and outlining intellectual pathways for advancing Global IR’s agenda. We explore how the main critiques identified by the symposium – namely, essentialism, geo-epistemologies, disciplinary reformism, and ahistoricism – have been and can be further addressed through recent developments in Global IR. This rejoinder is…
The Realism-Idealism Debate in the International Studies Conference, 1933–1937
International Relations (IR) long reproduced a mythical account of how the discipline was born out of a “first great debate” in the 1930s between a dominant group of naïve appeasing idealists versus a group of firm scientific realists. Thorough revisionist historical work has since challenged the mythical narrative and introduced two major revisions to disciplinary history: Interwar IR was not dominated by idealism and the first great debate neve…
Peaceful change’ in International Relations: A conceptual archaeology
As the so-called liberal international order has come under duress, the problem of ‘peaceful change’ has reappeared on the agenda of International Relations (IR), mainly in a realist guise drawing upon E.H. Carr and Robert Gilpin's renditions of the problem. Making a conceptual archaeological intervention, this paper recovers long-neglected multidisciplinary debates on ‘peaceful change’ taking place in the tumultuous interwar period. It concurs t…
States of emergence, states of knowledge: A comparative sociology of international relations in China and India
This article examines the relationship between the geopolitical rise of new powers in international relations and knowledge production in International Relations. It draws on the science studies literature on the ‘co-production’ of science and politics to conceptualise and analyse this relationship between the ‘state of emergence’ and ‘state of knowledge’. I argue that the ‘state of emergence’ should be conceptualised not only as a real-world con…
The Babel of European Union Studies: Beyond the Trans-Atlantic Divide
This article examines four lines of scholarly difference in European Union (EU) studies – meta-theoretical, (sub)disciplinary, epistemological and methodological – and whether these are linked to the geographical and institutional affiliations of the authors operating in the field. The study uses a novel dataset based on a quantitative content analysis and human coding of 1597 articles in leading journals dealing with the EU published in the peri…
Dividing Discipline: Structures of Communication in International Relations
International Relations (IR) has cultivated an image as a discipline with strong divisions along paradigmatic, methodological, metatheoretical, geographical, and other lines. This article questions that image analyzing the latent structures of communication in IR. It uses citation data from more than 20,000 articles published in 59 IR journals to construct a network among IR journals and finds a discipline with a center consisting of pedigreed IR…
The elephant in the room: Mapping the latent communication pattern in European Union studies
European Union (EU) studies is known as a fragmented and interdisciplinary field. Drawing on bibliometric methods, this article presents a novel approach to examining the alleged lines of fragmentation in EU studies. It maps the network structure arising from the citation practices in journals concerned with EU studies by analysing 2,561 documents, containing 66,162 references, published in four authoritative EU journals in the period 2003–2010. …
Revisiting the “American Social Science”-Mapping the Geography of International Relations
International Relations (IR) knows itself as an American social science. The paper first traces how the self-image as a uniquely dividing and American social science was established in the postwar period and is reproduced to this day. Second, it employs bibliometric methods to challenge this image. It confirms the dominance of Americans in a comprehensive sample of IR journals, but in contrast to previous studies, the paper also compares IR to ot…
Constructing a Chinese International Relations Theory: A Sociological Approach to Intellectual Innovation
Chinese scholars are debating whether, and how, to innovate a Chinese theory of International Relations (IR). This article examines the driving forces behind this theoretical debate. It challenges the commonsensical link between external events in the subject matter (i.r.) and theorizing (IR), which suggests that the innovation of a Chinese IR theory is a natural product of China's geopolitical rise, its growing political ambitions, and disconten…
Chinese International Relations Theory
International relations in China and Europe: The case for interregional dialogue in a hegemonic discipline
The International Relations discipline (IR) is known as an ‘American Social Science’ dominated by scholars and theories from the US core. This paper compares IR in two non-core settings, China and Europe. It shows that there is a growing institutional and intellectual integration into the global Anglophone, mostly American, IR in both Europe and China. Both Chinese and European IR communities have established top Anglophone journals like the Euro…
How can emerging powers speak? On theorists, native informants and quasi-officials in International Relations discourse
Emerging powers like China, India and Brazil are receiving growing attention as objects in International Relations (IR) discourse. Scholars from these emerging powers are rarely present as subjects in mainstream IR discourse, however. This paper interrogates the conditions for scholars in emerging powers to speak back to the mainstream discipline. It argues, first, that ‘theory speak’ is rare from scholars based in periphery countries perceived t…
Discipline admonished: On International Relations fragmentation and the disciplinary politics of stocktaking
The International Relations discipline has recently witnessed a wave of stocktakings and they surprisingly often follow the narrative that the discipline once revolved around all-encompassing great debates, which, either neatly or claustrophobically depending on the stocktaker, organized the discipline. Today, most stocktakers argue, International Relations has moved beyond great debate — the very symbol of the discipline — and is undergoing frag…
After Abdication: America Debates the Future of Global Leadership
The Babel of European Union Studies: Beyond the Trans-Atlantic Divide
This article examines four lines of scholarly difference in European Union (EU) studies – meta-theoretical, (sub)disciplinary, epistemological and methodological – and whether these are linked to the geographical and institutional affiliations of the authors operating in the field. The study uses a novel dataset based on a quantitative content analysis and human coding of 1597 articles in leading journals dealing with the EU published in the peri…
Southern sensibilities: Advancing third wave sociology of international relations in the case of Brazil
The Curious Case of ‘Schools’ of IR: From the Sociology to the Geopolitics of Knowledge
This article interrogates the questions evoked by the curious case of ‘schools’ of thought in International Relations (IR) through the twin perspectives of the sociology of knowledge and geopolitics of knowledge. Drawing inspirations from the tradition of the sociology of IR pioneered by E. H. Carr, the paper first explores how geo-epistemic diversity can help understand the sociologically problematic nature of IR knowledge production in the exis…
Leadership with Chinese Characteristics
International Relations at the End: A Sociological Autopsy
Recent interventions suggest that the discipline of international relations has moved beyond “grand theories” and “great debates” toward middle range theorizing and quantitative hypothesis testing. At the same time, scholars argue that the field is fragmenting into insular camps. I subject these claims to an analysis that borrows from scholarship on the sociology of science. I apply network analytical methods to dissect the structure of the disci…
Peaceful change’ in International Relations: A conceptual archaeology
As the so-called liberal international order has come under duress, the problem of ‘peaceful change’ has reappeared on the agenda of International Relations (IR), mainly in a realist guise drawing upon E.H. Carr and Robert Gilpin's renditions of the problem. Making a conceptual archaeological intervention, this paper recovers long-neglected multidisciplinary debates on ‘peaceful change’ taking place in the tumultuous interwar period. It concurs t…
States of emergence, states of knowledge: A comparative sociology of international relations in China and India
This article examines the relationship between the geopolitical rise of new powers in international relations and knowledge production in International Relations. It draws on the science studies literature on the ‘co-production’ of science and politics to conceptualise and analyse this relationship between the ‘state of emergence’ and ‘state of knowledge’. I argue that the ‘state of emergence’ should be conceptualised not only as a real-world con…
The South in “Global IR”: Worlding Beyond the “Non-West” in the Case of Brazil
As international relations has started to grapple with its geo-cultural parochialism, the focus has been on its “Western-centrism” and on how “non-Western” international relations might be different. This article argues that attempts to deprovincialize “Western” (i.e., Euro-American) international thought do not always revolve around “non-Westernness,” a negation with often cultural-civilizational connotations, but also deploy a North/South world…
Remembering and forgetting IPE: Disciplinary history as boundary work
A full understanding of the development and re-production of IPE is only possible with an appreciation of its disciplinary politics. This institutionalises four aspects of academic inquiry: (a) what is considered admissible work in the field, (b) how work should be conducted and where it should be published (c) where the field’s legitimate boundaries are, and (d) ‘external relations’ with cognate disciplines. Academic gatekeepers in positions of …
Subject matters: Imperialism and the constitution of International Relations
This article contributes to the critical historical research that has demythologised the ‘noble origins’ of the International Relations discipline (IR) by exposing its imperial, colonial, and racist legacies. Where most critical historiographies have unveiled the centrality of racialised and imperialist ontologies in individual thinkers and theories, this article traces imperialist origins of international thought by reconstructing its impact on …
The Realism-Idealism Debate in the International Studies Conference, 1933–1937
International Relations (IR) long reproduced a mythical account of how the discipline was born out of a “first great debate” in the 1930s between a dominant group of naïve appeasing idealists versus a group of firm scientific realists. Thorough revisionist historical work has since challenged the mythical narrative and introduced two major revisions to disciplinary history: Interwar IR was not dominated by idealism and the first great debate neve…
Mapping Quality Judgment in International Relations: Cognitive Dimensions and Sociological Correlates
Research quality assessment is a cornerstone of academic practice, yet the criteria that inform such judgments are often assumed rather than critically examined through empirical research. This article draws on a global survey of international relations (IR) scholars ( N = 820) to analyze the cognitive dimensions underlying research quality evaluation and their variation across sociological and epistemological factors. We identify seven distinct …
Erased: A History of International Thought Without Men
A parochial internationalization: Surveying the power and evolution of Nordic International Relations scholarship
Nordic International Relations (IR) scholarship is marked by a “parochial internationalization” that balances proximity to the dominant American mainstream with an independent scholarly identity. This article examines the sociological features of the “Nordic IR” strategy—focusing on institutional, intellectual, and policy orientations—by presenting data from the Teaching, Research, and International Policy (TRIP) surveys conducted in 2011, 2014, …
How (not) to advance Global IR: A Rejoinder
In this rejoinder, we engage with the recent International Theory symposium on Global IR, situating it within the broader literature and outlining intellectual pathways for advancing Global IR’s agenda. We explore how the main critiques identified by the symposium – namely, essentialism, geo-epistemologies, disciplinary reformism, and ahistoricism – have been and can be further addressed through recent developments in Global IR. This rejoinder is…
Time and the multiplex order
Scholarship on multiplex orders has largely focused on the spatial dimensions of multiplexity. This article explores the notion of temporal multiplexity, arguing that global orders also operate through distinct and coexisting temporal regimes. Drawing on and expanding Amitav Acharya's multiplex framework, we theorize how different actors experience, interpret and structure time within international politics. We propose a reinterpretation of the c…
Political science (19 works) · Sociology (18 works) · Politics (16 works) · International relations (15 works) · Law (14 works) · Law (13 works) · International Relations and Foreign Policy (12 works) · Epistemology (10 works) · Social science (10 works) · Philosophy (8 works)