Couvillon Thomas
Biographic Data
| ID | 411623 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Couvillon Thomas |
| GIVEN NAMES | Couvillon |
| FAMILY NAME | Thomas |
| SIGNATURE | THOMAS C |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2225-2052 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 27 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 120 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 27 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1991 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2021 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Advances in monitoring and evaluation in low- and middle-income countries
Reliability, validity and measurement invariance of the Simplified Medication Adherence Questionnaire (SMAQ) among HIV-positive women in Ethiopia: A quasi-experimental study
Our results show that the six-item SMAQ scale has adequate reliability and validity indices for this sample, in addition to being invariant across comparison groups. The findings of this study strengthen the evidence in support of the increasing use of SMAQ by interventionists and researchers to examine, pool and compare adherence scores across groups and time periods
Achieving sustainability in health information systems: A field tested measure of country ownership
BACKGROUND: A country will trust, value, and use, its health information system (HIS) to the extent it has had a role in its creation and maintenance. A sense of ownership contributes in turn to the long-term sustainability of the HIS, and thus the country's ability to monitor and evaluate population health and health services. To facilitate progress toward greater ownership, we developed and tested a tool to measure the country's ownership of it…
Contextual factors affecting health information system strengthening
At the turn of the century, several major efforts were initiated to combat HIV/AIDS and other major epidemics affecting low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). They were accompanied by initiatives to enable recipient countries to collect and use data to guide their public health programmes. These health information systems (HIS) typify systems in that they have multiple interacting components, and they are embedded within larger systems. Compon…
What systems are essential to achieving the sustainable development goals and what will it take to marshal them
The sustainable development goal (SDG) for health is linked to 67 indicators, eight times more than their predecessor, the Millenium Development Goals. In many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the information infrastructure is not yet able to collect and use the data needed for the indicators. As they seek to be responsive to the SDG agenda, LMICs must not lose sight of their local data needs; they should be cautious about embracing unte…
Improving referrals and integrating family planning and HIV services through organizational network strengthening
BACKGROUND: The service needs of people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in low-income settings are wide-ranging. Service provision in a community is often disjointed among a variety of providers. We sought to reduce unmet patient needs by increasing referral coordination for HIV and family planning, measured as network density, with an organizational network approach. METHODS: We conducted organizational network analysis on two networks i…
The effect of women's property rights on HIV: A search for quantitative evidence
In recent years, efforts to reduce HIV transmission have begun to incorporate a structural interventions approach, whereby the social, political, and economic environment in which people live is considered an important determinant of individual behaviors. This approach to HIV prevention is reflected in the growing number of programs designed to address insecure or nonexistent property rights for women living in developing countries. Qualitative a…
Wake Me Up When There's a Crisis: Progress on State Pandemic Influenza Ethics Preparedness
We assessed the progress since 2005 of state plans for pandemic influenza and found that 7 states had recommended steps to further clarify ethical processes or decisions; 6 states had made some progress but almost exclusively in hospital preparedness. Having a high-level public health leader, such as a health department director, committed to ethics was the key determinant of progress. Some state health departments may be destined to gain an appr…
Glen or Glenda: Reported Gender of Sex Partners in Two Statewide HIV Databases
Objectives. We assessed agreement of reported gender of sex partners in 2 statewide HIV databases linked by client identifiers. Methods. Counseling, testing, and referral (CTR) records on all men aged 18 to 30 years who tested newly positive for HIV in North Carolina between 2000 and 2005 were matched to data abstracted from partner counseling and referral services (PCRS) records. We compared client-reported gender of sex partners at the time of …
Do the wealthy have a health advantage? Cardiovascular disease risk factors and wealth
Neighborhood Factors Affecting Rates of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Chicago
Incarceration and Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Neighborhood Perspective
Ethics in a Pandemic: A Survey of the State Pandemic Influenza Plans
A pandemic of highly pathogenic influenza would threaten the lives of hundreds of thousands in the United States and confront governments and organizations, with ethical issues having wide-ranging implications. The Department of Health and Human Services and all states have published pandemic influenza plans. We analyzed the federal and state plans, available on the Internet, for evidence of ethical guidance as judged by the presence of ethical t…
Changes in the Aids epidemiologic situation in Puerto Rico following health care reform and the introduction of Haart
Further gains in Puerto Rico's fight against AIDS will depend on the island's ability to reduce the transmission that occurs through injection drug use; the use of HAART on a larger number of vulnerable patients, particularly intravenous drug users; educational interventions to improve medication compliance in certain risk groups; and specific measures aimed at decreasing the rate of injection drug use
Genomics and the Public Health Code of Ethics
We consider the public health applications of genomic technologies as viewed through the lens of the public health code of ethics. We note, for example, the potential for genomics to increase our appreciation for the public health value of interdependence, the potential for some genomic tools to exacerbate health disparities because of their inaccessibility by the poor and the way in which genomics forces public health to refine its notions of pr…
The Public in Public Health Ethics: The Public Health Society Responds
The Public Health Leadership Society (PHLS) would like to thank Lear for his thoughtful comments on the Principles of the Ethical Practice of Public Health (more commonly known as the Public Health Code of Ethics).1 As the organization that led the development of the code, PHLS is pleased to respond to Lear’s comments by clarifying how we arrived at the present version. The code emerged as a result of our profound respect for the rights of indivi…
A Code of Ethics for Public Health
The mandate to ensure and protect the health of the public is an inherently moral one. It carries with it an obligation to care for the well-being of communities, and it implies the possession of an element of power to carry out that mandate. The need to exercise power to ensure the health of populations and, at the same time, to avoid abuses of such power are at the crux of public health ethics. Until recently, the ethical nature of public healt…
How to Have Theory in an Epidemic: Cultural Chronicles of Aids
Behaviors That Facilite Sexual Transmission of HIV and STDs in a Rural Community
What's driving an epidemic? The spread of syphilis along an interstate highway in rural North Carolina
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine whether county syphilis rates were increased along Interstate Highway 95 (I-95) in North Carolina during a recent epidemic. METHODS: Ecological data on syphilis cases demographic data, highway data, and drug activity data were used to conduct a cross-sectional and longitudinal study of North Carolina countries from 1985 to 1994. Crude and adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were determined …
Things ain't what they ought to be: Social forces underlying racial disparities in rates of sexually transmitted diseases in a rural North Carolina county
The social ecology of syphilis
Prevalence of HIV‐associated Periodontitis and Chronic Periodontitis in a Southeastern US Study Group
HIV-infected persons in this study group from North Carolina exhibited severe and extensive measures of adult periodontitis. A small proportion experienced a severe form of HIV-P, which was attenuated by antiretroviral therapy
Sociodemographic factors and the variation in syphilis rates among US counties, 1984 through 1993: An ecological analysis
OBJECTIVES: Syphilis in the United States is focally distributed, with high incidence rates in the South and in metropolitan areas nationwide. In this study an ecological analysis, using the county as the unit of analysis, was performed to generate hypotheses about community-level determinants of syphilis rates. METHODS: Bivariate rank correlations and multivariate, backward stepwise elimination linear regressions were performed. Mean annual inci…
Syphilis in the South: Rural rates surpass urban rates in North Carolina
We studied primary and secondary syphilis rates in North Carolina for 1985 through 1993 to elucidate demographic trends and the role of rurality in the state's high rates. Each of the state's 100 counties was classified by rural-urban character; and county-level rates, adjusted for gender, race, and age group, were compared. Syphilis rates rose dramatically during the 9-year period, with most of the increase occurring among women, non-Whites, and…
A Code of Ethics for Public Health
The mandate to ensure and protect the health of the public is an inherently moral one. It carries with it an obligation to care for the well-being of communities, and it implies the possession of an element of power to carry out that mandate. The need to exercise power to ensure the health of populations and, at the same time, to avoid abuses of such power are at the crux of public health ethics. Until recently, the ethical nature of public healt…
Do the wealthy have a health advantage? Cardiovascular disease risk factors and wealth
Sociodemographic factors and the variation in syphilis rates among US counties, 1984 through 1993: An ecological analysis
OBJECTIVES: Syphilis in the United States is focally distributed, with high incidence rates in the South and in metropolitan areas nationwide. In this study an ecological analysis, using the county as the unit of analysis, was performed to generate hypotheses about community-level determinants of syphilis rates. METHODS: Bivariate rank correlations and multivariate, backward stepwise elimination linear regressions were performed. Mean annual inci…
Incarceration and Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Neighborhood Perspective
Things ain't what they ought to be: Social forces underlying racial disparities in rates of sexually transmitted diseases in a rural North Carolina county
The social ecology of syphilis
Neighborhood Factors Affecting Rates of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Chicago
Ethics in a Pandemic: A Survey of the State Pandemic Influenza Plans
A pandemic of highly pathogenic influenza would threaten the lives of hundreds of thousands in the United States and confront governments and organizations, with ethical issues having wide-ranging implications. The Department of Health and Human Services and all states have published pandemic influenza plans. We analyzed the federal and state plans, available on the Internet, for evidence of ethical guidance as judged by the presence of ethical t…
Syphilis in the South: Rural rates surpass urban rates in North Carolina
We studied primary and secondary syphilis rates in North Carolina for 1985 through 1993 to elucidate demographic trends and the role of rurality in the state's high rates. Each of the state's 100 counties was classified by rural-urban character; and county-level rates, adjusted for gender, race, and age group, were compared. Syphilis rates rose dramatically during the 9-year period, with most of the increase occurring among women, non-Whites, and…
Wake Me Up When There's a Crisis: Progress on State Pandemic Influenza Ethics Preparedness
We assessed the progress since 2005 of state plans for pandemic influenza and found that 7 states had recommended steps to further clarify ethical processes or decisions; 6 states had made some progress but almost exclusively in hospital preparedness. Having a high-level public health leader, such as a health department director, committed to ethics was the key determinant of progress. Some state health departments may be destined to gain an appr…
Genomics and the Public Health Code of Ethics
We consider the public health applications of genomic technologies as viewed through the lens of the public health code of ethics. We note, for example, the potential for genomics to increase our appreciation for the public health value of interdependence, the potential for some genomic tools to exacerbate health disparities because of their inaccessibility by the poor and the way in which genomics forces public health to refine its notions of pr…
What's driving an epidemic? The spread of syphilis along an interstate highway in rural North Carolina
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine whether county syphilis rates were increased along Interstate Highway 95 (I-95) in North Carolina during a recent epidemic. METHODS: Ecological data on syphilis cases demographic data, highway data, and drug activity data were used to conduct a cross-sectional and longitudinal study of North Carolina countries from 1985 to 1994. Crude and adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were determined …
What systems are essential to achieving the sustainable development goals and what will it take to marshal them
The sustainable development goal (SDG) for health is linked to 67 indicators, eight times more than their predecessor, the Millenium Development Goals. In many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the information infrastructure is not yet able to collect and use the data needed for the indicators. As they seek to be responsive to the SDG agenda, LMICs must not lose sight of their local data needs; they should be cautious about embracing unte…
Glen or Glenda: Reported Gender of Sex Partners in Two Statewide HIV Databases
Objectives. We assessed agreement of reported gender of sex partners in 2 statewide HIV databases linked by client identifiers. Methods. Counseling, testing, and referral (CTR) records on all men aged 18 to 30 years who tested newly positive for HIV in North Carolina between 2000 and 2005 were matched to data abstracted from partner counseling and referral services (PCRS) records. We compared client-reported gender of sex partners at the time of …
Measles vaccination coverage among Latino children aged 12 to 59 months in Los Angeles County: A household survey
A high rate of measles transmission has occurred in Los Angeles County since 1987. To determine measles vaccination coverage among Latino preschoolers, the group at highest risk of measles during this period, a cluster survey was conducted among Latino households with children aged 12 to 59 months. Of 279 children enrolled, 240 (86%, 95% confidence interval = 81% to 91%) reportedly had received the measles vaccine. Measles vaccination coverage am…
Measles vaccination coverage among Latino children aged 12 to 59 months in Los Angeles County: A household survey
A high rate of measles transmission has occurred in Los Angeles County since 1987. To determine measles vaccination coverage among Latino preschoolers, the group at highest risk of measles during this period, a cluster survey was conducted among Latino households with children aged 12 to 59 months. Of 279 children enrolled, 240 (86%, 95% confidence interval = 81% to 91%) reportedly had received the measles vaccine. Measles vaccination coverage am…
Meningococcal disease in Los Angeles County, 1981 through 1990
Meningococcal disease in Los Angeles County, 1981 through 1990. J C Thomas, N S Bendana, and S H WatermanCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.83.12.1790 Published Online: October 07, 2011
Syphilis in the South: Rural rates surpass urban rates in North Carolina
We studied primary and secondary syphilis rates in North Carolina for 1985 through 1993 to elucidate demographic trends and the role of rurality in the state's high rates. Each of the state's 100 counties was classified by rural-urban character; and county-level rates, adjusted for gender, race, and age group, were compared. Syphilis rates rose dramatically during the 9-year period, with most of the increase occurring among women, non-Whites, and…
Sociodemographic factors and the variation in syphilis rates among US counties, 1984 through 1993: An ecological analysis
OBJECTIVES: Syphilis in the United States is focally distributed, with high incidence rates in the South and in metropolitan areas nationwide. In this study an ecological analysis, using the county as the unit of analysis, was performed to generate hypotheses about community-level determinants of syphilis rates. METHODS: Bivariate rank correlations and multivariate, backward stepwise elimination linear regressions were performed. Mean annual inci…
Prevalence of HIV‐associated Periodontitis and Chronic Periodontitis in a Southeastern US Study Group
HIV-infected persons in this study group from North Carolina exhibited severe and extensive measures of adult periodontitis. A small proportion experienced a severe form of HIV-P, which was attenuated by antiretroviral therapy
Behaviors That Facilite Sexual Transmission of HIV and STDs in a Rural Community
What's driving an epidemic? The spread of syphilis along an interstate highway in rural North Carolina
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine whether county syphilis rates were increased along Interstate Highway 95 (I-95) in North Carolina during a recent epidemic. METHODS: Ecological data on syphilis cases demographic data, highway data, and drug activity data were used to conduct a cross-sectional and longitudinal study of North Carolina countries from 1985 to 1994. Crude and adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were determined …
Things ain't what they ought to be: Social forces underlying racial disparities in rates of sexually transmitted diseases in a rural North Carolina county
The social ecology of syphilis
How to Have Theory in an Epidemic: Cultural Chronicles of Aids
A Code of Ethics for Public Health
The mandate to ensure and protect the health of the public is an inherently moral one. It carries with it an obligation to care for the well-being of communities, and it implies the possession of an element of power to carry out that mandate. The need to exercise power to ensure the health of populations and, at the same time, to avoid abuses of such power are at the crux of public health ethics. Until recently, the ethical nature of public healt…
The Public in Public Health Ethics: The Public Health Society Responds
The Public Health Leadership Society (PHLS) would like to thank Lear for his thoughtful comments on the Principles of the Ethical Practice of Public Health (more commonly known as the Public Health Code of Ethics).1 As the organization that led the development of the code, PHLS is pleased to respond to Lear’s comments by clarifying how we arrived at the present version. The code emerged as a result of our profound respect for the rights of indivi…
Changes in the Aids epidemiologic situation in Puerto Rico following health care reform and the introduction of Haart
Further gains in Puerto Rico's fight against AIDS will depend on the island's ability to reduce the transmission that occurs through injection drug use; the use of HAART on a larger number of vulnerable patients, particularly intravenous drug users; educational interventions to improve medication compliance in certain risk groups; and specific measures aimed at decreasing the rate of injection drug use
Genomics and the Public Health Code of Ethics
We consider the public health applications of genomic technologies as viewed through the lens of the public health code of ethics. We note, for example, the potential for genomics to increase our appreciation for the public health value of interdependence, the potential for some genomic tools to exacerbate health disparities because of their inaccessibility by the poor and the way in which genomics forces public health to refine its notions of pr…
Incarceration and Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Neighborhood Perspective
Ethics in a Pandemic: A Survey of the State Pandemic Influenza Plans
A pandemic of highly pathogenic influenza would threaten the lives of hundreds of thousands in the United States and confront governments and organizations, with ethical issues having wide-ranging implications. The Department of Health and Human Services and all states have published pandemic influenza plans. We analyzed the federal and state plans, available on the Internet, for evidence of ethical guidance as judged by the presence of ethical t…
Neighborhood Factors Affecting Rates of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Chicago
Glen or Glenda: Reported Gender of Sex Partners in Two Statewide HIV Databases
Objectives. We assessed agreement of reported gender of sex partners in 2 statewide HIV databases linked by client identifiers. Methods. Counseling, testing, and referral (CTR) records on all men aged 18 to 30 years who tested newly positive for HIV in North Carolina between 2000 and 2005 were matched to data abstracted from partner counseling and referral services (PCRS) records. We compared client-reported gender of sex partners at the time of …
Do the wealthy have a health advantage? Cardiovascular disease risk factors and wealth
Wake Me Up When There's a Crisis: Progress on State Pandemic Influenza Ethics Preparedness
We assessed the progress since 2005 of state plans for pandemic influenza and found that 7 states had recommended steps to further clarify ethical processes or decisions; 6 states had made some progress but almost exclusively in hospital preparedness. Having a high-level public health leader, such as a health department director, committed to ethics was the key determinant of progress. Some state health departments may be destined to gain an appr…
The effect of women's property rights on HIV: A search for quantitative evidence
In recent years, efforts to reduce HIV transmission have begun to incorporate a structural interventions approach, whereby the social, political, and economic environment in which people live is considered an important determinant of individual behaviors. This approach to HIV prevention is reflected in the growing number of programs designed to address insecure or nonexistent property rights for women living in developing countries. Qualitative a…
Contextual factors affecting health information system strengthening
At the turn of the century, several major efforts were initiated to combat HIV/AIDS and other major epidemics affecting low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). They were accompanied by initiatives to enable recipient countries to collect and use data to guide their public health programmes. These health information systems (HIS) typify systems in that they have multiple interacting components, and they are embedded within larger systems. Compon…
What systems are essential to achieving the sustainable development goals and what will it take to marshal them
The sustainable development goal (SDG) for health is linked to 67 indicators, eight times more than their predecessor, the Millenium Development Goals. In many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the information infrastructure is not yet able to collect and use the data needed for the indicators. As they seek to be responsive to the SDG agenda, LMICs must not lose sight of their local data needs; they should be cautious about embracing unte…
Improving referrals and integrating family planning and HIV services through organizational network strengthening
BACKGROUND: The service needs of people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in low-income settings are wide-ranging. Service provision in a community is often disjointed among a variety of providers. We sought to reduce unmet patient needs by increasing referral coordination for HIV and family planning, measured as network density, with an organizational network approach. METHODS: We conducted organizational network analysis on two networks i…
Achieving sustainability in health information systems: A field tested measure of country ownership
BACKGROUND: A country will trust, value, and use, its health information system (HIS) to the extent it has had a role in its creation and maintenance. A sense of ownership contributes in turn to the long-term sustainability of the HIS, and thus the country's ability to monitor and evaluate population health and health services. To facilitate progress toward greater ownership, we developed and tested a tool to measure the country's ownership of it…
Medicine (24 works) · Demography (11 works) · Environmental health (11 works) · Gerontology (11 works) · Political science (11 works) · Sociology (11 works) · Public health (10 works) · Population (9 works) · Public relations (8 works) · Economic growth (7 works)