Edward A Smith
Biographic Data
| ID | 4228969 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Edward A Smith |
| GIVEN NAMES | Edward A |
| FAMILY NAME | Smith |
| SIGNATURE | SMITH E A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Pennsylvania State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8564-9279 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 31 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 175 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 31 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1965 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Evolving and exploiting Packet Switched networks in the UK between 1982 and 2000
In this paper, we examine the commercial development of packet based data networks in the UK, primarily through the lens of the largest player BT. We describe how network portfolios evolved to address market needs; the role of skills, closeness to the customer and the market, and the influence from developments in local area networks (LANs) and IT, coupled with the diffusion of Internet and other nascent technologies. The period between 1982 and …
Can't You See I'm Getting Bored? The Social Context as a Moderator of Adolescent Leisure Boredom and Alcohol Use
The current study sought to better understand how leisure boredom is associated with alcohol use and how peer factors moderated the relationship between state and trait leisure boredom and past month alcohol use. The 2004 to 2008 multi-cohort study sample included 3,837 high school students (50% female; 91% mixed race; Mage = 14 years; SD = .83) in the Cape Town area of South Africa. Results of generalized multilevel models found peer factors (ti…
Supporting South African High School Teachers' Implementation of a Prevention Program via Abridged Consultation: Outcomes and Moderators
Research is lacking on consultation support for school‐based evidence‐based programs (EBP) intended to prevent youths’ risky behaviors in schools in low‐resourced settings like high schools surrounding Cape Town, South Africa. Thus, this study’s objective was to examine implementation outcomes and moderators of an abridged consultation condition for supporting teachers in better implementing HealthWise, an EBP for preventing youth risky sexual an…
Leisure Boredom, Timing of Sexual Debut, and Co-Occurring Behaviors among South African Adolescents
Profiles of adolescent leisure motivation and substance use in the HealthWise South Africa research trial: A person-centered approach
Engaging in intrinsically motivated behaviors, both within and outside of the leisure context, is associated with well-being. However, individuals can be driven by multiple types of motivation simultaneously, and the impact of constellations of leisure motivation is relatively unknown. The current study uses South African adolescents in the HealthWise South Africa efficacy trial ( N =2,204; M age =14.0) to identify profiles of leisure motivation,…
The Effects of Gender and Family Wealth on Sexual Abuse of Adolescents
Background: Sexual abuse and sexual assaults against adolescents are among the most significant threats to their health and well-being. Some studies have found poverty to be a risk factor for sexual abuse. The present study investigates the effects of gender and family affluence on the prevalence of sexual abuse of 15-year-old Icelanders in the 10th grade. Methods: The study is based on data collected for the Icelandic part of the Health Behaviou…
Doing a leisure activity because there is nothing else to do: Related outcomes and intervention effects for adolescents
This study examined whethera leisure focused intervention, HealthWise, was related to reduced youth polysubstance use and delayed sexual debut via reducing how often youth did leisure activitiesbecause there was nothing else to do. HealthWise was compared to a no-interventioncontrol for 5,610 high school students from 8 th to 10 th grade in townships near Cape Town, South Africa. Three specific leisure activities were examined: time spent with fr…
Parenting practice, leisure experience, and substance use among South African adolescents
There is limited understanding of parents' role in positive youth/adolescent development through leisure in developing countries. Using a sample of 6626 8 th grade students in South Africa, this study examined the interrelationships among parenting practice, adolescents' leisure experience, and substance use. Results of structural equation modeling showed that parental leisure involvement was associated with less substance use, while parental lei…
Perceived Parental Control, Restructuring Ability, and Leisure Motivation: A Cross-Cultural Comparison
Leisure is viewed worldwide as an important developmental context for adolescents. As leisure research and programs are shared across nations, it is crucial to examine the cultural equivalence of leisure-related constructs and how they are related. Grounded in self-determination theory, this study explored the influence of perceived parental control and leisure restructuring ability on leisure motivation (amotivation and autonomous motivation) us…
Longitudinal patterns of active leisure among South African youth: Gender differences and associations with health risk behaviours
This study identified adolescents' patterns of active leisure participation over two years and five waves of data and how those patterns were related to substance use and sexual activity. Participants included 3581 primarily Colored (mixed race) South African adolescents. Latent class analysis was utilized to determine patterns of active leisure patterns and multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the relationships between the pattern…
Forced Sexual Experiences and Sexual Situation Self‐Efficacy Among S outh A frican Youth
Nearly 20% of South African youth experience forced or coerced sexual intercourse. Understanding the factors associated with forced sex is important for informing prevention programs aimed at reducing sexual violence and HIV and AIDS. Multilevel regression models test the association between sexual situation self-efficacy and forced sex among 2,893 South African adolescents. Findings suggest that youth are more likely to experience forced sex aft…
Boredom Prone or Nothing to Do? Distinguishing Between State and Trait Leisure Boredom and Its Association with Substance Use in South African Adolescents
Reducing adolescent substance use is important in South Africa, a developing nation with increasing adolescent substance use, lack of leisure/recreation opportunities, and high rates of adolescent discretionary time. Previous research suggests leisure boredom and adolescent substance use co-occur in this setting. Using longitudinal data from 2,580 SA adolescents as they progressed from the 8 th to 11 th grade, the current study disentangles the a…
The dynamic association between healthy leisure and substance use in South African adolescents: A state and trait perspective
South Africa has an increasing adolescent substance use problem, lack of leisure opportunities and resources, and high adolescent discretionary time. How aspects of leisure relate to adolescent substance use is not well understood. Little research has been conducted on the leisure behaviors and experiences of South African adolescents, if and how those behaviors are associated with substance use, and ecological influences on those associations. B…
Was Bob Seger Right? Relation Between Boredom in Leisure and [Risky] Sex
This article examines the association between boredom in leisure and risky sexual behaviors among South African youth (N = 1695) using longitudinal data. We hypothesized that youth who were higher on boredom in leisure at the end of ninth grade would be more likely to report engaging in risky sexual behaviors at the beginning of tenth grade. Chi-square results indicate youth, especially male youth who experience high levels of leisure boredom in …
Linking Life Skills and Norms With Adolescent Substance Use and Delinquency in South Africa
We examined factors targeted in two popular prevention approaches with adolescent drug use and delinquency in South Africa. We hypothesized adolescent life skills to be inversely related, and perceived norms to be directly related to later drug use and delinquency. Multiple regression and a relative weights approach were conducted for each outcome using a sample of 714 South African adolescents ages 15 to 19 years ( M = 15.8 years, 57% female). P…
Leisure Constraints for Adolescents in Cape Town, South Africa: A Qualitative Study
This study identified leisure constraints, constraints negotiation strategies, and their relative frequencies among 114 high school students from one under-resourced area of South Africa. Through focus group discussions, participants identified intrapersonal, interpersonal, structural, and sociocultural constraints to leisure, suggesting some degree of universality in this previously documented typology. Intrapersonal constraints were mentioned m…
Influencing Adolescent Leisure Motivation: Intervention Effects of Health Wise South Africa
This study investigates changes in self-reported motivation for leisure due to participation in HealthWise, a high school curriculum aimed at decreasing risk behavior and promoting health behavior. Participants were 2,193 mixed race adolescents ( M = 14 years old) from 9 schools (4 intervention, 5 control) near Cape Town, South Africa. Students in the HealthWise school with the greatest involvement in teacher training and implementation fidelity …
The Relation between Profiles of Leisure Activity Participation and Substance Use Among South African Youth
A large body of research indicates that leisure activity participation is associated with substance use for American adolescents, and that leisure may be an important context of substance use prevention. It is important to begin to apply what we have learned with American youth and extend the knowledge base in other countries with significant adolescent risk behavior. The current study examined the association between leisure activity participati…
Adapting Evidence‐Based Programs to New Contexts: What Needs to Be Changed
Evidence‐based substance use prevention programs have proliferated in schools and are being adopted by districts in rural settings and internationally. Little attention, however, has been paid to the adaptation process that occurs when these programs are moved to different contexts. In this commentary, the authors draw upon their experience with program adaptation to identify 6 areas for consideration when school‐based programs are introduced in …
Life Skills Training Effects for High and Low Risk Rural Junior High School Females
Health Wise South Africa: Development of a Life Skills Curriculum for Young Adults
The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of an international collaborative effort that aims to reduce risky behavior (e.g., substance use, risky sexual behavior) that leads to outcomes such as HIV/AIDs, pregnancy, and addictions among a sample of South African youth. Because many of these risky behaviors occur in free time, a major part of the effort was leisure education to promote positive use of free time. The program described…
The Leisure Context of Adolescents who are Lesbian, Gay Male, Bisexual and Questioning their Sexual Identities: An Exploratory Study
This paper explored the leisure experiences and behaviors of adolescents who are lesbian, gay male, bisexual, or questioning their sexual identities. In addition, health related variables were also examined. Data for this study came from a self-administered questionnaire collected in the spring of 1994 from 2,756 ninth through twelfth graders from four high schools in a county located in the southeastern United States. Altogether there were 111 s…
Health Behaviors of Leisure Alienated Youth
The purpose of our study was to explore the relationship of youth who appeared alienated in their leisure to health compromising, or at-risk, behaviors. A survey of 2,756 youth in 1994 indicated that approximately 9% were bored during leisure and 18 % used leisure as a means to get back at society or their parents. Compared to their peers, these alienated youth were more likely to engage in a number of health compromising behaviors including: smo…
Marital and Birth Expectations of Urban Adolescents
Data are presented that analyze 3,646 adolescents' responses to questions regarding their perceived ideal ages for marriage and first birth. The racial and gender differences that were obtained were then contrasted with vital statistics data on out-of-wedlock births to young women from the same geographical area. This comparison suggests that the adolescents' responses are reflective of the norms of the communities in which they live
The Relationship of Leisure Activities and Perceived Health of College Students
This exploratory study examines the relationship of general health and general leisure participation variables, as well as overall life satisfaction, among 525 college undergraduates. Additionally, the study looks at the relationship between specific types of leisure participation and their relationship with health variables, including social, physical, and emotional health. The sample was comprised of college undergraduates from three universiti…
Development of a Leisure Experience Battery for Adolescents: Parsimony, Stability, and Validity
This study reports the development of a battery of scales measuring selected dimensions of leisure experience of adolescents. Four leisure dimensions were included in the battery: boredom, awareness, anxiety, and challenge. The reliability and validity of these scales were established with a sample of 1,407 adolescents. The goal of the analysis was to produce parsimonious yet internally consistent measures of selected dimensions of the adolescent…
Coital and non-coital sexual behaviors of white and black adolescents
As part of a longitudinal study of young adolescents, data were collected in 1980 on the non-coital and coital sexual experiences of male and female adolescents who ranged in age from 12 to 15 at the time of the initial contact. The follow-up data were collected two years later. Both a Guttman-scale analysis and a longitudinal analysis of these data indicate different sexual patterns between White and Black teens; Whites are more likely than Blac…
Health Wise South Africa: Development of a Life Skills Curriculum for Young Adults
The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of an international collaborative effort that aims to reduce risky behavior (e.g., substance use, risky sexual behavior) that leads to outcomes such as HIV/AIDs, pregnancy, and addictions among a sample of South African youth. Because many of these risky behaviors occur in free time, a major part of the effort was leisure education to promote positive use of free time. The program described…
Pubertal Development and Friends: A Biosocial Explanation of Adolescent Sexual Behavior
Edward A. Smith, J. Richard Udry, Naomi M. Morris, Pubertal Development and Friends: A Biosocial Explanation of Adolescent Sexual Behavior, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol. 26, No. 3 (Sep., 1985), pp. 183-192
Boredom Prone or Nothing to Do? Distinguishing Between State and Trait Leisure Boredom and Its Association with Substance Use in South African Adolescents
Reducing adolescent substance use is important in South Africa, a developing nation with increasing adolescent substance use, lack of leisure/recreation opportunities, and high rates of adolescent discretionary time. Previous research suggests leisure boredom and adolescent substance use co-occur in this setting. Using longitudinal data from 2,580 SA adolescents as they progressed from the 8 th to 11 th grade, the current study disentangles the a…
Was Bob Seger Right? Relation Between Boredom in Leisure and [Risky] Sex
This article examines the association between boredom in leisure and risky sexual behaviors among South African youth (N = 1695) using longitudinal data. We hypothesized that youth who were higher on boredom in leisure at the end of ninth grade would be more likely to report engaging in risky sexual behaviors at the beginning of tenth grade. Chi-square results indicate youth, especially male youth who experience high levels of leisure boredom in …
The Leisure Context of Adolescents who are Lesbian, Gay Male, Bisexual and Questioning their Sexual Identities: An Exploratory Study
This paper explored the leisure experiences and behaviors of adolescents who are lesbian, gay male, bisexual, or questioning their sexual identities. In addition, health related variables were also examined. Data for this study came from a self-administered questionnaire collected in the spring of 1994 from 2,756 ninth through twelfth graders from four high schools in a county located in the southeastern United States. Altogether there were 111 s…
Ages of physical maturation and first intercourse in black teenage males and females
Data collected by self-administered questionnaires in 1981 in a senior and junior high school in Baltimore among 1153 respondents in grades 9-12 are the basis of a study of the ages of physical maturation and 1st intercourse in black teenage males and females. Respondents ranged in age from 13 to over 18 and averaged 16 the response rate was 98% and the quality of the answers was generally good. A positive association was found between age of men…
Health Behaviors of Leisure Alienated Youth
The purpose of our study was to explore the relationship of youth who appeared alienated in their leisure to health compromising, or at-risk, behaviors. A survey of 2,756 youth in 1994 indicated that approximately 9% were bored during leisure and 18 % used leisure as a means to get back at society or their parents. Compared to their peers, these alienated youth were more likely to engage in a number of health compromising behaviors including: smo…
Doing a leisure activity because there is nothing else to do: Related outcomes and intervention effects for adolescents
This study examined whethera leisure focused intervention, HealthWise, was related to reduced youth polysubstance use and delayed sexual debut via reducing how often youth did leisure activitiesbecause there was nothing else to do. HealthWise was compared to a no-interventioncontrol for 5,610 high school students from 8 th to 10 th grade in townships near Cape Town, South Africa. Three specific leisure activities were examined: time spent with fr…
Influencing Adolescent Leisure Motivation: Intervention Effects of Health Wise South Africa
This study investigates changes in self-reported motivation for leisure due to participation in HealthWise, a high school curriculum aimed at decreasing risk behavior and promoting health behavior. Participants were 2,193 mixed race adolescents ( M = 14 years old) from 9 schools (4 intervention, 5 control) near Cape Town, South Africa. Students in the HealthWise school with the greatest involvement in teacher training and implementation fidelity …
The Relationship of Leisure Activities and Perceived Health of College Students
This exploratory study examines the relationship of general health and general leisure participation variables, as well as overall life satisfaction, among 525 college undergraduates. Additionally, the study looks at the relationship between specific types of leisure participation and their relationship with health variables, including social, physical, and emotional health. The sample was comprised of college undergraduates from three universiti…
Leisure Constraints for Adolescents in Cape Town, South Africa: A Qualitative Study
This study identified leisure constraints, constraints negotiation strategies, and their relative frequencies among 114 high school students from one under-resourced area of South Africa. Through focus group discussions, participants identified intrapersonal, interpersonal, structural, and sociocultural constraints to leisure, suggesting some degree of universality in this previously documented typology. Intrapersonal constraints were mentioned m…
Marital and Birth Expectations of Urban Adolescents
Data are presented that analyze 3,646 adolescents' responses to questions regarding their perceived ideal ages for marriage and first birth. The racial and gender differences that were obtained were then contrasted with vital statistics data on out-of-wedlock births to young women from the same geographical area. This comparison suggests that the adolescents' responses are reflective of the norms of the communities in which they live
Parenting practice, leisure experience, and substance use among South African adolescents
There is limited understanding of parents' role in positive youth/adolescent development through leisure in developing countries. Using a sample of 6626 8 th grade students in South Africa, this study examined the interrelationships among parenting practice, adolescents' leisure experience, and substance use. Results of structural equation modeling showed that parental leisure involvement was associated with less substance use, while parental lei…
Perceived Parental Control, Restructuring Ability, and Leisure Motivation: A Cross-Cultural Comparison
Leisure is viewed worldwide as an important developmental context for adolescents. As leisure research and programs are shared across nations, it is crucial to examine the cultural equivalence of leisure-related constructs and how they are related. Grounded in self-determination theory, this study explored the influence of perceived parental control and leisure restructuring ability on leisure motivation (amotivation and autonomous motivation) us…
Linking Life Skills and Norms With Adolescent Substance Use and Delinquency in South Africa
We examined factors targeted in two popular prevention approaches with adolescent drug use and delinquency in South Africa. We hypothesized adolescent life skills to be inversely related, and perceived norms to be directly related to later drug use and delinquency. Multiple regression and a relative weights approach were conducted for each outcome using a sample of 714 South African adolescents ages 15 to 19 years ( M = 15.8 years, 57% female). P…
The Perceived Quality of Leisure Experiences among Smoking and Nonsmoking Adolescents
The leisure experiences of 1,407 smoking and nonsmoking adolescents were contrasted with respect to their perceived quality. Leisure attitudes and behavior were measured with regard to both the adolescents' general approach to free time and their most common use of free time. Compared with nonsmokers, adolescents who smoked during their most common leisure activity were found to be more bored, and less challenged; they felt less competent and eva…
Can't You See I'm Getting Bored? The Social Context as a Moderator of Adolescent Leisure Boredom and Alcohol Use
The current study sought to better understand how leisure boredom is associated with alcohol use and how peer factors moderated the relationship between state and trait leisure boredom and past month alcohol use. The 2004 to 2008 multi-cohort study sample included 3,837 high school students (50% female; 91% mixed race; Mage = 14 years; SD = .83) in the Cape Town area of South Africa. Results of generalized multilevel models found peer factors (ti…
Children's aggression, parental attitudes, and the effects of an affiliation-arousing story
Supporting South African High School Teachers' Implementation of a Prevention Program via Abridged Consultation: Outcomes and Moderators
Research is lacking on consultation support for school‐based evidence‐based programs (EBP) intended to prevent youths’ risky behaviors in schools in low‐resourced settings like high schools surrounding Cape Town, South Africa. Thus, this study’s objective was to examine implementation outcomes and moderators of an abridged consultation condition for supporting teachers in better implementing HealthWise, an EBP for preventing youth risky sexual an…
Leisure Boredom, Timing of Sexual Debut, and Co-Occurring Behaviors among South African Adolescents
Longitudinal patterns of active leisure among South African youth: Gender differences and associations with health risk behaviours
This study identified adolescents' patterns of active leisure participation over two years and five waves of data and how those patterns were related to substance use and sexual activity. Participants included 3581 primarily Colored (mixed race) South African adolescents. Latent class analysis was utilized to determine patterns of active leisure patterns and multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the relationships between the pattern…
The dynamic association between healthy leisure and substance use in South African adolescents: A state and trait perspective
South Africa has an increasing adolescent substance use problem, lack of leisure opportunities and resources, and high adolescent discretionary time. How aspects of leisure relate to adolescent substance use is not well understood. Little research has been conducted on the leisure behaviors and experiences of South African adolescents, if and how those behaviors are associated with substance use, and ecological influences on those associations. B…
The Relation between Profiles of Leisure Activity Participation and Substance Use Among South African Youth
A large body of research indicates that leisure activity participation is associated with substance use for American adolescents, and that leisure may be an important context of substance use prevention. It is important to begin to apply what we have learned with American youth and extend the knowledge base in other countries with significant adolescent risk behavior. The current study examined the association between leisure activity participati…
Children's aggression, parental attitudes, and the effects of an affiliation-arousing story
Coital and non-coital sexual behaviors of white and black adolescents
As part of a longitudinal study of young adolescents, data were collected in 1980 on the non-coital and coital sexual experiences of male and female adolescents who ranged in age from 12 to 15 at the time of the initial contact. The follow-up data were collected two years later. Both a Guttman-scale analysis and a longitudinal analysis of these data indicate different sexual patterns between White and Black teens; Whites are more likely than Blac…
Pubertal Development and Friends: A Biosocial Explanation of Adolescent Sexual Behavior
Edward A. Smith, J. Richard Udry, Naomi M. Morris, Pubertal Development and Friends: A Biosocial Explanation of Adolescent Sexual Behavior, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol. 26, No. 3 (Sep., 1985), pp. 183-192
Ages of physical maturation and first intercourse in black teenage males and females
Data collected by self-administered questionnaires in 1981 in a senior and junior high school in Baltimore among 1153 respondents in grades 9-12 are the basis of a study of the ages of physical maturation and 1st intercourse in black teenage males and females. Respondents ranged in age from 13 to over 18 and averaged 16 the response rate was 98% and the quality of the answers was generally good. A positive association was found between age of men…
The Perceived Quality of Leisure Experiences among Smoking and Nonsmoking Adolescents
The leisure experiences of 1,407 smoking and nonsmoking adolescents were contrasted with respect to their perceived quality. Leisure attitudes and behavior were measured with regard to both the adolescents' general approach to free time and their most common use of free time. Compared with nonsmokers, adolescents who smoked during their most common leisure activity were found to be more bored, and less challenged; they felt less competent and eva…
The Relationship of Leisure Activities and Perceived Health of College Students
This exploratory study examines the relationship of general health and general leisure participation variables, as well as overall life satisfaction, among 525 college undergraduates. Additionally, the study looks at the relationship between specific types of leisure participation and their relationship with health variables, including social, physical, and emotional health. The sample was comprised of college undergraduates from three universiti…
Development of a Leisure Experience Battery for Adolescents: Parsimony, Stability, and Validity
This study reports the development of a battery of scales measuring selected dimensions of leisure experience of adolescents. Four leisure dimensions were included in the battery: boredom, awareness, anxiety, and challenge. The reliability and validity of these scales were established with a sample of 1,407 adolescents. The goal of the analysis was to produce parsimonious yet internally consistent measures of selected dimensions of the adolescent…
Marital and Birth Expectations of Urban Adolescents
Data are presented that analyze 3,646 adolescents' responses to questions regarding their perceived ideal ages for marriage and first birth. The racial and gender differences that were obtained were then contrasted with vital statistics data on out-of-wedlock births to young women from the same geographical area. This comparison suggests that the adolescents' responses are reflective of the norms of the communities in which they live
Health Behaviors of Leisure Alienated Youth
The purpose of our study was to explore the relationship of youth who appeared alienated in their leisure to health compromising, or at-risk, behaviors. A survey of 2,756 youth in 1994 indicated that approximately 9% were bored during leisure and 18 % used leisure as a means to get back at society or their parents. Compared to their peers, these alienated youth were more likely to engage in a number of health compromising behaviors including: smo…
The Leisure Context of Adolescents who are Lesbian, Gay Male, Bisexual and Questioning their Sexual Identities: An Exploratory Study
This paper explored the leisure experiences and behaviors of adolescents who are lesbian, gay male, bisexual, or questioning their sexual identities. In addition, health related variables were also examined. Data for this study came from a self-administered questionnaire collected in the spring of 1994 from 2,756 ninth through twelfth graders from four high schools in a county located in the southeastern United States. Altogether there were 111 s…
Life Skills Training Effects for High and Low Risk Rural Junior High School Females
Health Wise South Africa: Development of a Life Skills Curriculum for Young Adults
The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of an international collaborative effort that aims to reduce risky behavior (e.g., substance use, risky sexual behavior) that leads to outcomes such as HIV/AIDs, pregnancy, and addictions among a sample of South African youth. Because many of these risky behaviors occur in free time, a major part of the effort was leisure education to promote positive use of free time. The program described…
Adapting Evidence‐Based Programs to New Contexts: What Needs to Be Changed
Evidence‐based substance use prevention programs have proliferated in schools and are being adopted by districts in rural settings and internationally. Little attention, however, has been paid to the adaptation process that occurs when these programs are moved to different contexts. In this commentary, the authors draw upon their experience with program adaptation to identify 6 areas for consideration when school‐based programs are introduced in …
The Relation between Profiles of Leisure Activity Participation and Substance Use Among South African Youth
A large body of research indicates that leisure activity participation is associated with substance use for American adolescents, and that leisure may be an important context of substance use prevention. It is important to begin to apply what we have learned with American youth and extend the knowledge base in other countries with significant adolescent risk behavior. The current study examined the association between leisure activity participati…
Leisure Constraints for Adolescents in Cape Town, South Africa: A Qualitative Study
This study identified leisure constraints, constraints negotiation strategies, and their relative frequencies among 114 high school students from one under-resourced area of South Africa. Through focus group discussions, participants identified intrapersonal, interpersonal, structural, and sociocultural constraints to leisure, suggesting some degree of universality in this previously documented typology. Intrapersonal constraints were mentioned m…
Influencing Adolescent Leisure Motivation: Intervention Effects of Health Wise South Africa
This study investigates changes in self-reported motivation for leisure due to participation in HealthWise, a high school curriculum aimed at decreasing risk behavior and promoting health behavior. Participants were 2,193 mixed race adolescents ( M = 14 years old) from 9 schools (4 intervention, 5 control) near Cape Town, South Africa. Students in the HealthWise school with the greatest involvement in teacher training and implementation fidelity …
Linking Life Skills and Norms With Adolescent Substance Use and Delinquency in South Africa
We examined factors targeted in two popular prevention approaches with adolescent drug use and delinquency in South Africa. We hypothesized adolescent life skills to be inversely related, and perceived norms to be directly related to later drug use and delinquency. Multiple regression and a relative weights approach were conducted for each outcome using a sample of 714 South African adolescents ages 15 to 19 years ( M = 15.8 years, 57% female). P…
The dynamic association between healthy leisure and substance use in South African adolescents: A state and trait perspective
South Africa has an increasing adolescent substance use problem, lack of leisure opportunities and resources, and high adolescent discretionary time. How aspects of leisure relate to adolescent substance use is not well understood. Little research has been conducted on the leisure behaviors and experiences of South African adolescents, if and how those behaviors are associated with substance use, and ecological influences on those associations. B…
Was Bob Seger Right? Relation Between Boredom in Leisure and [Risky] Sex
This article examines the association between boredom in leisure and risky sexual behaviors among South African youth (N = 1695) using longitudinal data. We hypothesized that youth who were higher on boredom in leisure at the end of ninth grade would be more likely to report engaging in risky sexual behaviors at the beginning of tenth grade. Chi-square results indicate youth, especially male youth who experience high levels of leisure boredom in …
Longitudinal patterns of active leisure among South African youth: Gender differences and associations with health risk behaviours
This study identified adolescents' patterns of active leisure participation over two years and five waves of data and how those patterns were related to substance use and sexual activity. Participants included 3581 primarily Colored (mixed race) South African adolescents. Latent class analysis was utilized to determine patterns of active leisure patterns and multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the relationships between the pattern…
Forced Sexual Experiences and Sexual Situation Self‐Efficacy Among S outh A frican Youth
Nearly 20% of South African youth experience forced or coerced sexual intercourse. Understanding the factors associated with forced sex is important for informing prevention programs aimed at reducing sexual violence and HIV and AIDS. Multilevel regression models test the association between sexual situation self-efficacy and forced sex among 2,893 South African adolescents. Findings suggest that youth are more likely to experience forced sex aft…
Boredom Prone or Nothing to Do? Distinguishing Between State and Trait Leisure Boredom and Its Association with Substance Use in South African Adolescents
Reducing adolescent substance use is important in South Africa, a developing nation with increasing adolescent substance use, lack of leisure/recreation opportunities, and high rates of adolescent discretionary time. Previous research suggests leisure boredom and adolescent substance use co-occur in this setting. Using longitudinal data from 2,580 SA adolescents as they progressed from the 8 th to 11 th grade, the current study disentangles the a…
Perceived Parental Control, Restructuring Ability, and Leisure Motivation: A Cross-Cultural Comparison
Leisure is viewed worldwide as an important developmental context for adolescents. As leisure research and programs are shared across nations, it is crucial to examine the cultural equivalence of leisure-related constructs and how they are related. Grounded in self-determination theory, this study explored the influence of perceived parental control and leisure restructuring ability on leisure motivation (amotivation and autonomous motivation) us…
The Effects of Gender and Family Wealth on Sexual Abuse of Adolescents
Background: Sexual abuse and sexual assaults against adolescents are among the most significant threats to their health and well-being. Some studies have found poverty to be a risk factor for sexual abuse. The present study investigates the effects of gender and family affluence on the prevalence of sexual abuse of 15-year-old Icelanders in the 10th grade. Methods: The study is based on data collected for the Icelandic part of the Health Behaviou…
Doing a leisure activity because there is nothing else to do: Related outcomes and intervention effects for adolescents
This study examined whethera leisure focused intervention, HealthWise, was related to reduced youth polysubstance use and delayed sexual debut via reducing how often youth did leisure activitiesbecause there was nothing else to do. HealthWise was compared to a no-interventioncontrol for 5,610 high school students from 8 th to 10 th grade in townships near Cape Town, South Africa. Three specific leisure activities were examined: time spent with fr…
Psychology (30 works) · Developmental psychology (21 works) · Social Psychology (20 works) · Medicine (19 works) · Social Psychology (15 works) · Clinical Psychology (14 works) · Clinical Psychology (11 works) · Recreation, Leisure, Wilderness Management (11 works) · Youth Development and Social Support (11 works) · Geography (10 works)