Skip to main content

ETHNOS_APP

Home • Search • Journals • List 0

Vibeke Wøien Hansen

Biographic Data

ID4276088
NAMEVibeke Wøien Hansen
GIVEN NAMESVibeke Wøien
FAMILY NAMEHansen
SIGNATUREHANSEN V W
AFFILIATIONSInstitute for Social Research
ORCID0000-0003-0960-5463
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS18
TOTAL CITATIONS109
WORKS AS AUTHOR18
WORKS AS EDITOR0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR2014
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2026
H-INDEX7
  • Party responsiveness to party supporters, the electorate, and interest groups in a multidimensional policy space

    Open Access•Vibeke Wøien Hansen, R J Lawrence•ARTICLE•Party Politics•2026

    This article sheds new light on party responsiveness by considering the role of interest group pressure in parties’ responsiveness to their supporters and the electorate on multiple policy dimensions in 12 countries. Following recent work, we expect that parties are as responsive to shifts in their supporters’ preferences as to the wider electorate. Yet, parties also attend to interest group pressure. We argue that parties’ responsiveness to vote…

  • Party Receptiveness to Interest Group Diversity

    Open Access•Lise Rødland, Vibeke Wøien Hansen et al.•ARTICLE•Governance•2025•References: 36

    Legislative party groups regularly get suggestions from numerous, different interest groups trying to influence policy, but individual party groups are likely to be more receptive to suggestions from groups representing some interests than others. We examine (in)equalities in legislative parties' receptiveness to interest group diversity by asking: what factors explain how (un)equally legislative parties listen to and accept suggestions from diff…

  • Conditions for Successful Collaboration in Emergency Response

    Open Access•Dag Wollebæk, Vibeke Wøien Hansen•ARTICLE•Journal of Contingencies and…•2025•References: 36

    Trust, previous collaboration history, power asymmetry, and shifts from horizontal to hierarchical governance are factors that have been argued and, to some extent, shown to impact the success of collaboration. However, we know little about how these factors play out in the context of emergency response collaboration, particularly between public authorities and organized search and rescue (SAR) volunteers. Using a conjoint experiment with organiz…

  • Explaining interest group position-taking across partisan policy dimensions

    Open Access•Vibeke Wøien Hansen, Lise Rødland•ARTICLE•Journal of European Public Policy•2025•Cited by: 1•References: 48

    Some interest groups have policy positions on one or more policy dimensions in partisan policy space while others do not. In this paper we examine explanations for differences in interest group position-taking across policy dimensions. While group characteristics are likely to explain parts of such variation in interest group position-taking, we hypothesise that the salience and polarisation among parties and citizens of the respective policy dim…

  • The Local Party Branch and the Council Party Group

    Open Access•Vibeke Wøien Hansen, Hilmar Mjelde et al.•ARTICLE•Swiss Political Science Review•2025•Cited by: 1•References: 26

    The relationship between the local party branch organisation and local councillors has been left largely unexplored in the party literature. We explore how this relationship varies within the case of Norway – a multi‐party system with large variation in municipal size. Based on a survey of leaders of municipal party branches and local lists, as well as qualitative interviews with branch and list leaders, we analyse the causes of variation regardi…

  • Collaborative governance and effectiveness during emergency response actions in Norway

    Open Access•Bernard Enjolras, Vibeke Wøien Hansen et al.•ARTICLE•International Journal of Disaster…•2024

    The challenges of emergency response often reflect wicked problems that transcend conventional public policy and require networked strategies. This article examines how the combination of hierarchical and network elements in the Norwegian model of “collaborative emergency preparedness” affects emergency outcomes. This model supports formal volunteer and public collaboration and enables a mix of command and network coordination. A survey of more t…

  • Contextual factors influencing voluntary organizations’ inclusiveness and individual participation in leisure activities

    Open Access•Bernard Enjolras, Daniel Arnesen et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Civil Society•2024•References: 23

    While research on participatory inequalities in organized leisure has mainly focused on individual resources and contextual factors, studies linking the individual, organizational and contextual levels are lacking. This study remedies this by investigating the degree to which contextual, organizational and individual factors enhance or inhibit participation in membership-based voluntary leisure organizations among children and adolescents in Norw…

  • Party–Interest Group Ties and Patterns of Political Influence

    Open Access•Maiken Røed, Elin Haugsgjerd Allern et al.•ARTICLE•Political Studies•2024•Cited by: 5•References: 52

    Organizational ties between political parties and interest groups are common in contemporary democracies, but little is known about the political effects of such ties. This article examines whether the strength of organizational ties between parties and interest groups affects the probability of (1) interest group influence on parties, (2) party influence on interest groups, and (3) mutual party–interest group influence in decision-making. Using …

  • Party‐interest group ties

    Open Access•Elin Haugsgjerd Allern, Vibeke Wøien Hansen et al.•ARTICLE•European Journal of Political…•2024•Cited by: 5•References: 48

    We examine the existence and strength of organizational ties between parties and interest groups by innovating on classic resource exchange theory. First, we propose that the nature of interest groups’ policy orientation and their general organizational capacity primarily explain the presence of ties, that is, ties are less likely to materialize when groups lack ideological policy goals and have limited organizational capacity. Second, the size a…

  • Lokaldemokratiets deltakere

    Jo Saglie, Vibeke Wøien Hansen et al.•ARTICLE•Nytt Norsk Tidsskrift•2023

    Lokale lister utgjør en viktig del av partisystemet i en del kommuner, men har dårligere rammebetingelser enn partier fordi de i praksis ikke kan registrere seg som partier. Lokale partilag og lokale lister gjør mye av det samme arbeidet i lokaldemokratiet, men har også hver sine unike fortrinn. I denne artikkelen kartlegger vi hva partilag og lister gjør, og stiller spørsmål ved grunnlaget for forskjellsbehandlingen av lokale lister og partier

  • Introducing the party-interest group relationships in contemporary democracies datasets

    Open Access•Elin Haugsgjerd Allern, Vibeke Wøien Hansen et al.•ARTICLE•Party Politics•2023•Cited by: 9•References: 23

    Few existing datasets on parties and interest groups include data from both sides and a wide variety of interest groups and parties. We contribute to filling this gap by making several interconnected new datasets publicly available. The Party-Interest Group Relationships in Contemporary Democracies (PAIRDEM) datasets include cross-national data from three different surveys of (1) central party organizations, (2) legislative party groups, and (3) …

  • Conceptualizing and measuring party-interest group relationships

    Open Access•Elin Haugsgjerd Allern, Simon Otje et al.•ARTICLE•Party Politics•2021•Cited by: 18•References: 40

    Relationships between political parties and interest groups form structures that enable and constrain political action. Yet there is a lack of consensus on what ‘party-group relationships’ means. We propose a conceptualization focusing on ties as means for structured interaction, which is different from sharing or transfer of resources and ideological kinship. Our conceptual discussion suggests that organizational ties form a single yet hierarchi…

  • All about the money? A cross-national study of parties’ relations with trade unions in 12 western democracies

    Open Access•Elin Haugsgjerd Allern, Vibeke Wøien Hansen et al.•ARTICLE•Party Politics•2021•Cited by: 11•References: 40

    This article examines political parties’ approach to trade unions and the role of private and public party finance in contemporary democracies. We suggest that both unions’ direct donations and states’ party finance regimes may account for variation in the strength of parties’ organizational links to unions. We investigate this argument with a new data set covering parties historically aligned with trade unions and union confederations in 12 matu…

  • Competition and interaction

    Open Access•Elin Haugsgjerd Allern, Vibeke Wøien Hansen et al.•ARTICLE•European Journal of Political…•2021•Cited by: 17•References: 41

    Political parties and interest groups play a vital role in incorporating societal interests into democratic decision‐making. Therefore, explaining the nature and variation in the relationship between them will advance our understanding of democratic governance. Existing research has primarily drawn attention to how exchange of resources shapes these relationships largely neglecting the role of contextual conditions. Our contribution is to examine…

  • Explaining Participation Bias in the European Commission's Online Consultations

    Open Access•Maiken Røed, Vibeke Wøien Hansen•ARTICLE•JCMS Journal of Common Market…•2018•Cited by: 21•References: 49

    This article investigates participation bias in the European Commission's online consultations by focusing on issue characteristics and using a cost–benefit framework. The main assumption is that a group will choose not to participate when their participation costs exceed the expected benefits. This leads to a more biased participation pattern. We expect this to hold when the proposal discussed in a consultation is more complex, whereas the oppos…

  • Espen D. H. Olsen, Guri Rosén og Jarle Trondal

    Open Access•Vibeke Wøien Hansen•ARTICLE•Tidsskrift for samfunnsforskning•2017

  • Issue-specific policy-positions and voting in the Council

    Open Access•Bjørn Høyland, Vibeke Wøien Hansen•ARTICLE•European Union Politics•2014•Cited by: 14•References: 49

    Politics in the Council is Janus-faced. There is bargaining with identifiable winners and losers, yet the voting records show high levels of agreement. These two sides have almost exclusively been studied in isolation even though standard theoretical models of voting typically assume that actors’ behaviour is guided by their positions relative to the proposal and the status quo. By combining positional data and voting data, we evaluate to what ex…

  • Incomplete information and bargaining in the EU

    Open Access•Vibeke Wøien Hansen•ARTICLE•European Union Politics•2014•Cited by: 7•References: 38

    According to the logic of standard veto bargaining models with complete information, bargaining in the European Union should never reach the second reading of the ordinary legislative procedure (co-decision). Even so, non-agreement at the first reading occurs frequently in European Union decision making. How can this be explained? Drawing upon game theory on bargaining with incomplete information, two specific predictions with regard to the occur…

  • Explaining Participation Bias in the European Commission's Online Consultations

    Open Access•Maiken Røed, Vibeke Wøien Hansen•ARTICLE•JCMS Journal of Common Market…•2018•Cited by: 21•References: 49

    This article investigates participation bias in the European Commission's online consultations by focusing on issue characteristics and using a cost–benefit framework. The main assumption is that a group will choose not to participate when their participation costs exceed the expected benefits. This leads to a more biased participation pattern. We expect this to hold when the proposal discussed in a consultation is more complex, whereas the oppos…

  • Conceptualizing and measuring party-interest group relationships

    Open Access•Elin Haugsgjerd Allern, Simon Otje et al.•ARTICLE•Party Politics•2021•Cited by: 18•References: 40

    Relationships between political parties and interest groups form structures that enable and constrain political action. Yet there is a lack of consensus on what ‘party-group relationships’ means. We propose a conceptualization focusing on ties as means for structured interaction, which is different from sharing or transfer of resources and ideological kinship. Our conceptual discussion suggests that organizational ties form a single yet hierarchi…

  • Competition and interaction

    Open Access•Elin Haugsgjerd Allern, Vibeke Wøien Hansen et al.•ARTICLE•European Journal of Political…•2021•Cited by: 17•References: 41

    Political parties and interest groups play a vital role in incorporating societal interests into democratic decision‐making. Therefore, explaining the nature and variation in the relationship between them will advance our understanding of democratic governance. Existing research has primarily drawn attention to how exchange of resources shapes these relationships largely neglecting the role of contextual conditions. Our contribution is to examine…

  • Issue-specific policy-positions and voting in the Council

    Open Access•Bjørn Høyland, Vibeke Wøien Hansen•ARTICLE•European Union Politics•2014•Cited by: 14•References: 49

    Politics in the Council is Janus-faced. There is bargaining with identifiable winners and losers, yet the voting records show high levels of agreement. These two sides have almost exclusively been studied in isolation even though standard theoretical models of voting typically assume that actors’ behaviour is guided by their positions relative to the proposal and the status quo. By combining positional data and voting data, we evaluate to what ex…

  • All about the money? A cross-national study of parties’ relations with trade unions in 12 western democracies

    Open Access•Elin Haugsgjerd Allern, Vibeke Wøien Hansen et al.•ARTICLE•Party Politics•2021•Cited by: 11•References: 40

    This article examines political parties’ approach to trade unions and the role of private and public party finance in contemporary democracies. We suggest that both unions’ direct donations and states’ party finance regimes may account for variation in the strength of parties’ organizational links to unions. We investigate this argument with a new data set covering parties historically aligned with trade unions and union confederations in 12 matu…

  • Introducing the party-interest group relationships in contemporary democracies datasets

    Open Access•Elin Haugsgjerd Allern, Vibeke Wøien Hansen et al.•ARTICLE•Party Politics•2023•Cited by: 9•References: 23

    Few existing datasets on parties and interest groups include data from both sides and a wide variety of interest groups and parties. We contribute to filling this gap by making several interconnected new datasets publicly available. The Party-Interest Group Relationships in Contemporary Democracies (PAIRDEM) datasets include cross-national data from three different surveys of (1) central party organizations, (2) legislative party groups, and (3) …

  • Incomplete information and bargaining in the EU

    Open Access•Vibeke Wøien Hansen•ARTICLE•European Union Politics•2014•Cited by: 7•References: 38

    According to the logic of standard veto bargaining models with complete information, bargaining in the European Union should never reach the second reading of the ordinary legislative procedure (co-decision). Even so, non-agreement at the first reading occurs frequently in European Union decision making. How can this be explained? Drawing upon game theory on bargaining with incomplete information, two specific predictions with regard to the occur…

  • Party–Interest Group Ties and Patterns of Political Influence

    Open Access•Maiken Røed, Elin Haugsgjerd Allern et al.•ARTICLE•Political Studies•2024•Cited by: 5•References: 52

    Organizational ties between political parties and interest groups are common in contemporary democracies, but little is known about the political effects of such ties. This article examines whether the strength of organizational ties between parties and interest groups affects the probability of (1) interest group influence on parties, (2) party influence on interest groups, and (3) mutual party–interest group influence in decision-making. Using …

  • Party‐interest group ties

    Open Access•Elin Haugsgjerd Allern, Vibeke Wøien Hansen et al.•ARTICLE•European Journal of Political…•2024•Cited by: 5•References: 48

    We examine the existence and strength of organizational ties between parties and interest groups by innovating on classic resource exchange theory. First, we propose that the nature of interest groups’ policy orientation and their general organizational capacity primarily explain the presence of ties, that is, ties are less likely to materialize when groups lack ideological policy goals and have limited organizational capacity. Second, the size a…

  • Explaining interest group position-taking across partisan policy dimensions

    Open Access•Vibeke Wøien Hansen, Lise Rødland•ARTICLE•Journal of European Public Policy•2025•Cited by: 1•References: 48

    Some interest groups have policy positions on one or more policy dimensions in partisan policy space while others do not. In this paper we examine explanations for differences in interest group position-taking across policy dimensions. While group characteristics are likely to explain parts of such variation in interest group position-taking, we hypothesise that the salience and polarisation among parties and citizens of the respective policy dim…

  • The Local Party Branch and the Council Party Group

    Open Access•Vibeke Wøien Hansen, Hilmar Mjelde et al.•ARTICLE•Swiss Political Science Review•2025•Cited by: 1•References: 26

    The relationship between the local party branch organisation and local councillors has been left largely unexplored in the party literature. We explore how this relationship varies within the case of Norway – a multi‐party system with large variation in municipal size. Based on a survey of leaders of municipal party branches and local lists, as well as qualitative interviews with branch and list leaders, we analyse the causes of variation regardi…

  • Issue-specific policy-positions and voting in the Council

    Open Access•Bjørn Høyland, Vibeke Wøien Hansen•ARTICLE•European Union Politics•2014•Cited by: 14•References: 49

    Politics in the Council is Janus-faced. There is bargaining with identifiable winners and losers, yet the voting records show high levels of agreement. These two sides have almost exclusively been studied in isolation even though standard theoretical models of voting typically assume that actors’ behaviour is guided by their positions relative to the proposal and the status quo. By combining positional data and voting data, we evaluate to what ex…

  • Incomplete information and bargaining in the EU

    Open Access•Vibeke Wøien Hansen•ARTICLE•European Union Politics•2014•Cited by: 7•References: 38

    According to the logic of standard veto bargaining models with complete information, bargaining in the European Union should never reach the second reading of the ordinary legislative procedure (co-decision). Even so, non-agreement at the first reading occurs frequently in European Union decision making. How can this be explained? Drawing upon game theory on bargaining with incomplete information, two specific predictions with regard to the occur…

  • Espen D. H. Olsen, Guri Rosén og Jarle Trondal

    Open Access•Vibeke Wøien Hansen•ARTICLE•Tidsskrift for samfunnsforskning•2017

  • Explaining Participation Bias in the European Commission's Online Consultations

    Open Access•Maiken Røed, Vibeke Wøien Hansen•ARTICLE•JCMS Journal of Common Market…•2018•Cited by: 21•References: 49

    This article investigates participation bias in the European Commission's online consultations by focusing on issue characteristics and using a cost–benefit framework. The main assumption is that a group will choose not to participate when their participation costs exceed the expected benefits. This leads to a more biased participation pattern. We expect this to hold when the proposal discussed in a consultation is more complex, whereas the oppos…

  • Conceptualizing and measuring party-interest group relationships

    Open Access•Elin Haugsgjerd Allern, Simon Otje et al.•ARTICLE•Party Politics•2021•Cited by: 18•References: 40

    Relationships between political parties and interest groups form structures that enable and constrain political action. Yet there is a lack of consensus on what ‘party-group relationships’ means. We propose a conceptualization focusing on ties as means for structured interaction, which is different from sharing or transfer of resources and ideological kinship. Our conceptual discussion suggests that organizational ties form a single yet hierarchi…

  • All about the money? A cross-national study of parties’ relations with trade unions in 12 western democracies

    Open Access•Elin Haugsgjerd Allern, Vibeke Wøien Hansen et al.•ARTICLE•Party Politics•2021•Cited by: 11•References: 40

    This article examines political parties’ approach to trade unions and the role of private and public party finance in contemporary democracies. We suggest that both unions’ direct donations and states’ party finance regimes may account for variation in the strength of parties’ organizational links to unions. We investigate this argument with a new data set covering parties historically aligned with trade unions and union confederations in 12 matu…

  • Competition and interaction

    Open Access•Elin Haugsgjerd Allern, Vibeke Wøien Hansen et al.•ARTICLE•European Journal of Political…•2021•Cited by: 17•References: 41

    Political parties and interest groups play a vital role in incorporating societal interests into democratic decision‐making. Therefore, explaining the nature and variation in the relationship between them will advance our understanding of democratic governance. Existing research has primarily drawn attention to how exchange of resources shapes these relationships largely neglecting the role of contextual conditions. Our contribution is to examine…

  • Lokaldemokratiets deltakere

    Jo Saglie, Vibeke Wøien Hansen et al.•ARTICLE•Nytt Norsk Tidsskrift•2023

    Lokale lister utgjør en viktig del av partisystemet i en del kommuner, men har dårligere rammebetingelser enn partier fordi de i praksis ikke kan registrere seg som partier. Lokale partilag og lokale lister gjør mye av det samme arbeidet i lokaldemokratiet, men har også hver sine unike fortrinn. I denne artikkelen kartlegger vi hva partilag og lister gjør, og stiller spørsmål ved grunnlaget for forskjellsbehandlingen av lokale lister og partier

  • Introducing the party-interest group relationships in contemporary democracies datasets

    Open Access•Elin Haugsgjerd Allern, Vibeke Wøien Hansen et al.•ARTICLE•Party Politics•2023•Cited by: 9•References: 23

    Few existing datasets on parties and interest groups include data from both sides and a wide variety of interest groups and parties. We contribute to filling this gap by making several interconnected new datasets publicly available. The Party-Interest Group Relationships in Contemporary Democracies (PAIRDEM) datasets include cross-national data from three different surveys of (1) central party organizations, (2) legislative party groups, and (3) …

  • Collaborative governance and effectiveness during emergency response actions in Norway

    Open Access•Bernard Enjolras, Vibeke Wøien Hansen et al.•ARTICLE•International Journal of Disaster…•2024

    The challenges of emergency response often reflect wicked problems that transcend conventional public policy and require networked strategies. This article examines how the combination of hierarchical and network elements in the Norwegian model of “collaborative emergency preparedness” affects emergency outcomes. This model supports formal volunteer and public collaboration and enables a mix of command and network coordination. A survey of more t…

  • Contextual factors influencing voluntary organizations’ inclusiveness and individual participation in leisure activities

    Open Access•Bernard Enjolras, Daniel Arnesen et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Civil Society•2024•References: 23

    While research on participatory inequalities in organized leisure has mainly focused on individual resources and contextual factors, studies linking the individual, organizational and contextual levels are lacking. This study remedies this by investigating the degree to which contextual, organizational and individual factors enhance or inhibit participation in membership-based voluntary leisure organizations among children and adolescents in Norw…

  • Party–Interest Group Ties and Patterns of Political Influence

    Open Access•Maiken Røed, Elin Haugsgjerd Allern et al.•ARTICLE•Political Studies•2024•Cited by: 5•References: 52

    Organizational ties between political parties and interest groups are common in contemporary democracies, but little is known about the political effects of such ties. This article examines whether the strength of organizational ties between parties and interest groups affects the probability of (1) interest group influence on parties, (2) party influence on interest groups, and (3) mutual party–interest group influence in decision-making. Using …

  • Party‐interest group ties

    Open Access•Elin Haugsgjerd Allern, Vibeke Wøien Hansen et al.•ARTICLE•European Journal of Political…•2024•Cited by: 5•References: 48

    We examine the existence and strength of organizational ties between parties and interest groups by innovating on classic resource exchange theory. First, we propose that the nature of interest groups’ policy orientation and their general organizational capacity primarily explain the presence of ties, that is, ties are less likely to materialize when groups lack ideological policy goals and have limited organizational capacity. Second, the size a…

  • Party Receptiveness to Interest Group Diversity

    Open Access•Lise Rødland, Vibeke Wøien Hansen et al.•ARTICLE•Governance•2025•References: 36

    Legislative party groups regularly get suggestions from numerous, different interest groups trying to influence policy, but individual party groups are likely to be more receptive to suggestions from groups representing some interests than others. We examine (in)equalities in legislative parties' receptiveness to interest group diversity by asking: what factors explain how (un)equally legislative parties listen to and accept suggestions from diff…

  • Conditions for Successful Collaboration in Emergency Response

    Open Access•Dag Wollebæk, Vibeke Wøien Hansen•ARTICLE•Journal of Contingencies and…•2025•References: 36

    Trust, previous collaboration history, power asymmetry, and shifts from horizontal to hierarchical governance are factors that have been argued and, to some extent, shown to impact the success of collaboration. However, we know little about how these factors play out in the context of emergency response collaboration, particularly between public authorities and organized search and rescue (SAR) volunteers. Using a conjoint experiment with organiz…

  • Explaining interest group position-taking across partisan policy dimensions

    Open Access•Vibeke Wøien Hansen, Lise Rødland•ARTICLE•Journal of European Public Policy•2025•Cited by: 1•References: 48

    Some interest groups have policy positions on one or more policy dimensions in partisan policy space while others do not. In this paper we examine explanations for differences in interest group position-taking across policy dimensions. While group characteristics are likely to explain parts of such variation in interest group position-taking, we hypothesise that the salience and polarisation among parties and citizens of the respective policy dim…

  • The Local Party Branch and the Council Party Group

    Open Access•Vibeke Wøien Hansen, Hilmar Mjelde et al.•ARTICLE•Swiss Political Science Review•2025•Cited by: 1•References: 26

    The relationship between the local party branch organisation and local councillors has been left largely unexplored in the party literature. We explore how this relationship varies within the case of Norway – a multi‐party system with large variation in municipal size. Based on a survey of leaders of municipal party branches and local lists, as well as qualitative interviews with branch and list leaders, we analyse the causes of variation regardi…

  • Party responsiveness to party supporters, the electorate, and interest groups in a multidimensional policy space

    Open Access•Vibeke Wøien Hansen, R J Lawrence•ARTICLE•Party Politics•2026

    This article sheds new light on party responsiveness by considering the role of interest group pressure in parties’ responsiveness to their supporters and the electorate on multiple policy dimensions in 12 countries. Following recent work, we expect that parties are as responsive to shifts in their supporters’ preferences as to the wider electorate. Yet, parties also attend to interest group pressure. We argue that parties’ responsiveness to vote…

Political science (15 works) · Electoral Systems and Political Participation (12 works) · Law (12 works) · Economics (11 works) · Law (11 works) · Political Influence and Corporate Strategies (11 works) · Politics (11 works) · Interest group (7 works) · Positive economics (6 works) · Public relations (6 works)

Ethnos_APP • Open Source Project • MIT License • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacy and Cookies • API Documentation: api.ethnos.app/docs • API Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Frontend Source Code: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae