Carol K Sigelman
Biographic Data
| ID | 4372091 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Carol K Sigelman |
| GIVEN NAMES | Carol K |
| FAMILY NAME | Sigelman |
| SIGNATURE | SIGELMAN C K |
| AFFILIATIONS | George Washington University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8905-6243 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 22 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 421 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 22 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1981 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Sources of Variability in Remote Communication Between Deployed Military Fathers and Their Children
Quantity and quality of communication during parental deployment
Using an online survey methodology, we examined individual differences in distance communication between 75 adolescents and their deployed parents and found substantial individual differences in both the quantity and quality of their communication. We also examined the statistical associations between these features of distance communication and adolescents’ functioning, including emotional reactions following communication, health-related qualit…
Life-Span Human Development
Human aversion to differentness
Development and Coherence of Beliefs Regarding Disease Causality and Prevention
Guided by a naïve theories perspective on the development of thinking about disease, this study of 188 children aged 6 to 18 examined knowledge of HIV/AIDS causality and prevention using parallel measures derived from open-ended and structured interviews. Knowledge of both risk factors and prevention rules, as well as conceptual understanding of AIDS causality, increased with age. Younger children displayed more advanced knowledge in response to …
Age Differences in Perceptions of Rich and Poor People
To gain new perspective on the development of understandings and perceptions of income inequality, this study compared the reactions of six, eight, and 10‐year‐olds to a rich man and a poor man and the winners and losers of a contest of skill and a game of chance. Age differences in attributions for outcomes reflected a strengthening with age of the skill–luck distinction and of equity thinking about wealth. Although men with good outcomes were g…
Differences Between Black and White Elementary School Children's Orientations Toward Alcohol and Cocaine
To trace the origins of race differences in substance use, this study examined differences between Black and White elementary school children's knowledge of alcohol and cocaine, beliefs about their short-and long-term effects, and attitudes toward and intentions to use them across three independent samples (N = 181, N = 287, N = 234). Black children were more negatively oriented toward alcohol and cocaine than White children from an early age. Mo…
A Characterization of Children's Intuitive Theories of Drug Action
In an attempt to devise a methodology for characterizing children's intuitive theories of drug action, 217 children in Grades 1 to 6 were interviewed about how two substances, alcohol and cocaine, cause behavioral changes in their users. Measures tapped both structure (Piagetian complexity of causal reasoning, coherence, and construction of a causal explanatory framework with nodes, links, and causal mechanisms) and content (a relevant biological…
Sex Differences in Self-Concept and Symptoms of Depression During the Transition to College
Black Candidates, White Voters
Theory: Social psychological theories of in-group responses to members of outgroups are used to generate hypotheses about the willingness of white voters to vote for minority candidates. Hypotheses: Eight different hypotheses about the impact on voting decisions of the candidate's race or ethnicity and the candidate's and voter's issue positions. Methods: Analysis of variance of data from an experiment with 656 Anglo adults in which the candidate…
Views of problem drinking among Native American, Hispanic, and Anglo children
The Development of Lay Theories of Problem Drinking
The development of theories of and attitudes surrounding adolescent alcohol abuse was explored by asking students from sixth grade to college to react to a hypothetical case of problem drinking. With age, students perceived the problem as less serious; less often attributed it to moral weakness, but displayed little change in their endorsement of causal views emphasizing biological disease, bad environment, or normal motives; more often emphasize…
The Public and the Paradox of Leadership
It is commonplace for elected officials to be criticized for failing to exercise strong, independent leadership and also for being unresponsive to the wishes of the public. This study presents an experimental analysis of the sometimes contradictory expectations that citizens have of public officials. The experimental stimuli describe a decision-making situation in which an officeholder must decide whether to act on personal wishes on a controvers…
Reconsidering pocketbook voting
Byline Bias? Effects of Gender on News Article Evaluations
This study, reporting on the results of two experiments using college students, finds that audiences judged stories similarly regardless of whether the byline was by a male or female. Bylines with unclear gender — i.e., “J. J. Goodman” — tended to be evaluated somewhat lower. One of the experiments, carried out with relatively unsophisticated news readers, finds that women tended to be evaluated somewhat higher on such variables as “trustworthine…
A Bird of a Different Feather? An Experimental Investigation of Physical Attractiveness and the Electability of Female Candidates
Lee Sigelman, Carol K. Sigelman, Christopher Fowler, A Bird of a Different Feather? An Experimental Investigation of Physical Attractiveness and the Electability of Female Candidates, Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 50, No. 1 (Mar., 1987), pp. 32-43
Stigmatization in Childhood
Shattered expectations
Sex differences in the moral values of college students and their parents
Judgments of the Carter-Reagan Debate
In line with social-psychological theory and with findings from prior analyses of the impact of televised campaign debates, the 1980 Carter-Reagan debate seems to have been interpreted largely in light of preexisting candidate preferences. Knowledge of whether a viewer intended to vote for Carter or Reagan and, for undecided voters, knowledge of position on the liberal-conservative continuum, permit accurate predictions to be made of judgments of…
Sexism, Racism, and Ageism in Voting Behavior
In order to assess the impact of candidate characteristics and candidate-voter similarity on voting preferences, descriptions of candidates were presented to 1,158 voters in a simulated mayoral election. Five experimental candidates-white female, black female, black male, young white male, and elderly white male-were pitted in two-candidate races against a middle-aged, white male opponent. Ageism in voting patterns was stronger overall than eithe…
Exploring the Outer Limits of Response Bias
In view of evidence that response bias in survey research is especially pronounced among children and less educated adults, biases associated with acquiescence to yes-no questions, question structure (closed versus open-ended), and question wording were explored in four samples of mentally retarded children and adults. Among such cognitively limited persons, systematic response bias proved to be the rule rather than the exception, with group prof…
Black Candidates, White Voters
Theory: Social psychological theories of in-group responses to members of outgroups are used to generate hypotheses about the willingness of white voters to vote for minority candidates. Hypotheses: Eight different hypotheses about the impact on voting decisions of the candidate's race or ethnicity and the candidate's and voter's issue positions. Methods: Analysis of variance of data from an experiment with 656 Anglo adults in which the candidate…
Sexism, Racism, and Ageism in Voting Behavior
In order to assess the impact of candidate characteristics and candidate-voter similarity on voting preferences, descriptions of candidates were presented to 1,158 voters in a simulated mayoral election. Five experimental candidates-white female, black female, black male, young white male, and elderly white male-were pitted in two-candidate races against a middle-aged, white male opponent. Ageism in voting patterns was stronger overall than eithe…
Judgments of the Carter-Reagan Debate
In line with social-psychological theory and with findings from prior analyses of the impact of televised campaign debates, the 1980 Carter-Reagan debate seems to have been interpreted largely in light of preexisting candidate preferences. Knowledge of whether a viewer intended to vote for Carter or Reagan and, for undecided voters, knowledge of position on the liberal-conservative continuum, permit accurate predictions to be made of judgments of…
Shattered expectations
A Bird of a Different Feather? An Experimental Investigation of Physical Attractiveness and the Electability of Female Candidates
Lee Sigelman, Carol K. Sigelman, Christopher Fowler, A Bird of a Different Feather? An Experimental Investigation of Physical Attractiveness and the Electability of Female Candidates, Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 50, No. 1 (Mar., 1987), pp. 32-43
The Public and the Paradox of Leadership
It is commonplace for elected officials to be criticized for failing to exercise strong, independent leadership and also for being unresponsive to the wishes of the public. This study presents an experimental analysis of the sometimes contradictory expectations that citizens have of public officials. The experimental stimuli describe a decision-making situation in which an officeholder must decide whether to act on personal wishes on a controvers…
Reconsidering pocketbook voting
Byline Bias? Effects of Gender on News Article Evaluations
This study, reporting on the results of two experiments using college students, finds that audiences judged stories similarly regardless of whether the byline was by a male or female. Bylines with unclear gender — i.e., “J. J. Goodman” — tended to be evaluated somewhat lower. One of the experiments, carried out with relatively unsophisticated news readers, finds that women tended to be evaluated somewhat higher on such variables as “trustworthine…
Sex Differences in Self-Concept and Symptoms of Depression During the Transition to College
Age Differences in Perceptions of Rich and Poor People
To gain new perspective on the development of understandings and perceptions of income inequality, this study compared the reactions of six, eight, and 10‐year‐olds to a rich man and a poor man and the winners and losers of a contest of skill and a game of chance. Age differences in attributions for outcomes reflected a strengthening with age of the skill–luck distinction and of equity thinking about wealth. Although men with good outcomes were g…
The Development of Lay Theories of Problem Drinking
The development of theories of and attitudes surrounding adolescent alcohol abuse was explored by asking students from sixth grade to college to react to a hypothetical case of problem drinking. With age, students perceived the problem as less serious; less often attributed it to moral weakness, but displayed little change in their endorsement of causal views emphasizing biological disease, bad environment, or normal motives; more often emphasize…
Exploring the Outer Limits of Response Bias
In view of evidence that response bias in survey research is especially pronounced among children and less educated adults, biases associated with acquiescence to yes-no questions, question structure (closed versus open-ended), and question wording were explored in four samples of mentally retarded children and adults. Among such cognitively limited persons, systematic response bias proved to be the rule rather than the exception, with group prof…
Sexism, Racism, and Ageism in Voting Behavior
In order to assess the impact of candidate characteristics and candidate-voter similarity on voting preferences, descriptions of candidates were presented to 1,158 voters in a simulated mayoral election. Five experimental candidates-white female, black female, black male, young white male, and elderly white male-were pitted in two-candidate races against a middle-aged, white male opponent. Ageism in voting patterns was stronger overall than eithe…
Sex differences in the moral values of college students and their parents
Judgments of the Carter-Reagan Debate
In line with social-psychological theory and with findings from prior analyses of the impact of televised campaign debates, the 1980 Carter-Reagan debate seems to have been interpreted largely in light of preexisting candidate preferences. Knowledge of whether a viewer intended to vote for Carter or Reagan and, for undecided voters, knowledge of position on the liberal-conservative continuum, permit accurate predictions to be made of judgments of…
Stigmatization in Childhood
Shattered expectations
A Bird of a Different Feather? An Experimental Investigation of Physical Attractiveness and the Electability of Female Candidates
Lee Sigelman, Carol K. Sigelman, Christopher Fowler, A Bird of a Different Feather? An Experimental Investigation of Physical Attractiveness and the Electability of Female Candidates, Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 50, No. 1 (Mar., 1987), pp. 32-43
Byline Bias? Effects of Gender on News Article Evaluations
This study, reporting on the results of two experiments using college students, finds that audiences judged stories similarly regardless of whether the byline was by a male or female. Bylines with unclear gender — i.e., “J. J. Goodman” — tended to be evaluated somewhat lower. One of the experiments, carried out with relatively unsophisticated news readers, finds that women tended to be evaluated somewhat higher on such variables as “trustworthine…
Reconsidering pocketbook voting
Views of problem drinking among Native American, Hispanic, and Anglo children
The Development of Lay Theories of Problem Drinking
The development of theories of and attitudes surrounding adolescent alcohol abuse was explored by asking students from sixth grade to college to react to a hypothetical case of problem drinking. With age, students perceived the problem as less serious; less often attributed it to moral weakness, but displayed little change in their endorsement of causal views emphasizing biological disease, bad environment, or normal motives; more often emphasize…
The Public and the Paradox of Leadership
It is commonplace for elected officials to be criticized for failing to exercise strong, independent leadership and also for being unresponsive to the wishes of the public. This study presents an experimental analysis of the sometimes contradictory expectations that citizens have of public officials. The experimental stimuli describe a decision-making situation in which an officeholder must decide whether to act on personal wishes on a controvers…
Black Candidates, White Voters
Theory: Social psychological theories of in-group responses to members of outgroups are used to generate hypotheses about the willingness of white voters to vote for minority candidates. Hypotheses: Eight different hypotheses about the impact on voting decisions of the candidate's race or ethnicity and the candidate's and voter's issue positions. Methods: Analysis of variance of data from an experiment with 656 Anglo adults in which the candidate…
Sex Differences in Self-Concept and Symptoms of Depression During the Transition to College
A Characterization of Children's Intuitive Theories of Drug Action
In an attempt to devise a methodology for characterizing children's intuitive theories of drug action, 217 children in Grades 1 to 6 were interviewed about how two substances, alcohol and cocaine, cause behavioral changes in their users. Measures tapped both structure (Piagetian complexity of causal reasoning, coherence, and construction of a causal explanatory framework with nodes, links, and causal mechanisms) and content (a relevant biological…
Differences Between Black and White Elementary School Children's Orientations Toward Alcohol and Cocaine
To trace the origins of race differences in substance use, this study examined differences between Black and White elementary school children's knowledge of alcohol and cocaine, beliefs about their short-and long-term effects, and attitudes toward and intentions to use them across three independent samples (N = 181, N = 287, N = 234). Black children were more negatively oriented toward alcohol and cocaine than White children from an early age. Mo…
Age Differences in Perceptions of Rich and Poor People
To gain new perspective on the development of understandings and perceptions of income inequality, this study compared the reactions of six, eight, and 10‐year‐olds to a rich man and a poor man and the winners and losers of a contest of skill and a game of chance. Age differences in attributions for outcomes reflected a strengthening with age of the skill–luck distinction and of equity thinking about wealth. Although men with good outcomes were g…
Development and Coherence of Beliefs Regarding Disease Causality and Prevention
Guided by a naïve theories perspective on the development of thinking about disease, this study of 188 children aged 6 to 18 examined knowledge of HIV/AIDS causality and prevention using parallel measures derived from open-ended and structured interviews. Knowledge of both risk factors and prevention rules, as well as conceptual understanding of AIDS causality, increased with age. Younger children displayed more advanced knowledge in response to …
Quantity and quality of communication during parental deployment
Using an online survey methodology, we examined individual differences in distance communication between 75 adolescents and their deployed parents and found substantial individual differences in both the quantity and quality of their communication. We also examined the statistical associations between these features of distance communication and adolescents’ functioning, including emotional reactions following communication, health-related qualit…
Life-Span Human Development
Human aversion to differentness
Sources of Variability in Remote Communication Between Deployed Military Fathers and Their Children
Psychology (20 works) · Developmental psychology (13 works) · Social Psychology (13 works) · Social Psychology (13 works) · Political science (7 works) · Politics (6 works) · Law (5 works) · Perception (5 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (5 works) · Sociology (5 works)