Thomas Laloux
Biographic Data
| ID | 4378435 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Thomas Laloux |
| GIVEN NAMES | Thomas |
| FAMILY NAME | Laloux |
| SIGNATURE | LALOUX T |
| AFFILIATIONS | UCLouvain |
| ORCID | 0009-0004-0893-2192 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 21 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 62 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 21 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2018 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Scope and determinants of multisupporterism: The case of Union Saint-Gilloise supporters
While research on football supporterism has extensively examined attachment to a single club, less attention has been paid to multisupporterism, i.e. the partisan attachment to more than one team. This paper seeks to address this gap by examining the prevalence of multisupporterism and identifying factors associated with it, on the basis of an online survey conducted among supporters of Union Saint-Gilloise, a Belgian club. The results show that …
Les élections européennes en Belgique: Un scrutin de troisième ordre
The European elections in Belgium: A third-order ballot
Politicized Policies? The Cases of Employment Policies in Belgian and French Televised Public Debates
Employment policies are central to contemporary social models. According to liberal democratic principles, public debate around policies must be characterized by politicization, understood as a discursive process marked by contingency and controversy. Given the far‐reaching transformations in employment policies, this study examines how they are (de)politicized in Belgian and French television news through a framing analysis of coverage from thre…
Working at home: Individual level drivers of MEPs’ focus on constituency work
This article investigates how Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) allocate resources between their parliamentary and constituency work, focusing on their staffing decisions. Specifically, it examines the distribution of MEPs’ staff between accredited assistants, based in the European Parliament (EP), and local staff working in their constituency. The study seeks to explain why some MEPs allocate a larger share of their staff to constituency…
Welk stadion voor Union Saint-Gilloise? De mening van de supporters
Depuis quelques années, un projet de nouveau stade au Bempt à Forest au bénéfice de l’Union Saint-Gilloise suscite un débat qu’aucune décision publique favorable n’a encore tranché à la mi-2025. Cet article décrypte les résultats d’une enquête en ligne menée à la mi-2023 auprès des supporters unionistes pour connaître leur avis sur cette controverse. Il révèle que l’idée d’un nouveau stade a une portée clivante en leur sein. Si une large majorité…
Nouveau stade et décision publique: La controverse autour de l’écrin de l’Union Saint-Gilloise
Au cours des dernières décennies, Bruxelles, à l’inverse de nombreuses villes françaises ou britanniques, n’a vu sortir de terre aucun stade de football professionnel. L’échec récent de l’implantation d’un nouveau « stade national » au Heysel a marqué les esprits. Depuis quelques années toutefois, un nouveau projet est apparu, cette fois au bénéfice de l’Union Saint-Gilloise remontée en division 1 en 2021, devenue championne de Belgique en 2025. …
Quel stade pour l’Union Saint-Gilloise ? L’avis des supporters
Depuis quelques années, un projet de nouveau stade au Bempt à Forest au bénéfice de l’Union Saint-Gilloise suscite un débat qu’aucune décision publique favorable n’a encore tranché à la mi-2025. Cet article décrypte les résultats d’une enquête en ligne menée à la mi-2023 auprès des supporters unionistes pour connaître leur avis sur cette controverse. Il révèle que l’idée d’un nouveau stade a une portée clivante en leur sein. Si une large majorité…
New stadium and public decision: Controversy surrounding the home of Union Saint-Gilloise
Au cours des dernières décennies, Bruxelles, à l’inverse de nombreuses villes françaises ou britanniques, n’a vu sortir de terre aucun stade de football professionnel. L’échec récent de l’implantation d’un nouveau « stade national » au Heysel a marqué les esprits. Depuis quelques années toutefois, un nouveau projet est apparu, cette fois au bénéfice de l’Union Saint-Gilloise remontée en division 1 en 2021, devenue championne de Belgique en 2025. …
Nieuw stadion en openbare besluitvorming: Controverse rond de thuisbasis van Union Saint-Gilloise
Au cours des dernières décennies, Bruxelles, à l’inverse de nombreuses villes françaises ou britanniques, n’a vu sortir de terre aucun stade de football professionnel. L’échec récent de l’implantation d’un nouveau « stade national » au Heysel a marqué les esprits. Depuis quelques années toutefois, un nouveau projet est apparu, cette fois au bénéfice de l’Union Saint-Gilloise remontée en division 1 en 2021, devenue championne de Belgique en 2025. …
A new stadium for Union Saint-Gilloise. The opinions of fans
Depuis quelques années, un projet de nouveau stade au Bempt à Forest au bénéfice de l’Union Saint-Gilloise suscite un débat qu’aucune décision publique favorable n’a encore tranché à la mi-2025. Cet article décrypte les résultats d’une enquête en ligne menée à la mi-2023 auprès des supporters unionistes pour connaître leur avis sur cette controverse. Il révèle que l’idée d’un nouveau stade a une portée clivante en leur sein. Si une large majorité…
Slow adapters or active players? Belgian regional parliamentarians and European affairs after Lisbon
How do members of regional parliaments engage in EU policymaking? This paper examines how and why members of the Walloon, Flemish and Brussels regional parliaments vary in their EU-contacting activities, by adapting a German survey. Belgium makes a relevant case, as the ‘in foro interno, in foro externo’ principle entitles regions to conduct foreign policy, including EU affairs in those areas they possess internal competency. Our data show that t…
The effect of trilogues on the European Commission's success in legislative negotiations: A reappraisal
Informal negotiations have become the norm in the European Union legislative process. Yet, researchers are divided over the effects of this change on the European Commission's ability to defend the content of its proposals from modifications by the co-legislators. This article addresses this puzzle by using a fine-grained measure of whether informal negotiations took place which includes trivial agreements, namely legislation adopted in first rea…
Why Defend Something I Don’t Agree with? Conflicts within the Commission and Legislative Amendments in Trilogues
This article aims to examine the effect of intra-institutional conflicts in the European Commission on the extent of changes made to legislative proposals in trilogue negotiations. We develop and test three hypotheses related to how conflicts within the Commission, namely that intra-institutional disagreements during policy formulation (h1), and potential conflicts with previous (h2) or subsequent (h3) colleges of commissioners, increase the numb…
Talkin’ ‘bout a Negotiation: (Un)Transparent Rapporteurs’ Speeches in the European Parliament
For policies to be legitimate, both the policy process and the underlying reasons must be transparent to the public. In the EU, the lion’s share of legislation is nowadays negotiated in informal secluded meeting called trilogues. Therefore, presentation of the trilogues compromise by the rapporteur to the European Parliament (EP) plenary is, arguably, one of the few formal occasions for ‘transparency in process,’ i.e., public access to the detail…
The origins of EU legislation: Agenda-Setting, Intra-Institutional Decision-Making or Interinstitutional Negotiations
This article traces the origins of European legislation during the legislative policy-making process. It identifies three phases where parts of the text of legislative acts can be developed: (1) agenda-setting; (2) intra-institutional decision-making and (3) interinstitutional negotiations, depending on whether the content of the legislation originates respectively in the Commission proposal, the co-legislators’ positions or trilogue negotiations…
Agency slack as cause of deviation in trilogue negotiations
Trilogues are the main forum for legislative negotiation in the EU. In trilogues, each co-legislator is represented by negotiators, who therefore play a central role in the current EU legislative process. This paper examines whether trilogues enable negotiators therein to slack by deviating more from the mandates they receive when they disagree with their institutions. The extent of deviation is measured using text-mining techniques for 219 negot…
Informal negotiations in EU legislative decision-making: A systematic review and research agenda
Over the last 20 years, the political dynamics in EU legislative policy-making have fundamentally changed as trilogues have become the major forum for legislative negotiations. From this perspective, this article represents a first systematic review of the literature on trilogues by using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. In doing so, it demonstrates the impact of trilogues on EU legislative politics, both in…
Policies with and without Politics: Committees and the Differentiated Politicization of Legislative Debates in the European Parliament
Parce qu'ils permettent aux députés européens d'exprimer publiquement et de confronter leurs positions sur les législations à adopter, les débats en plénière au Parlement européen constituent des espaces importants de politisation. Cependant, étant donné le rôle central des commissions dans le processus décisionnel du PE et les différences entre elles, la politisation des débats en plénière est susceptible de varier selon les commissions qui ont …
How much do agents in trilogues deviate from their principals’ instructions? Introducing a deviation index
This article presents a newly developed ‘deviation index’ to measure, in a quantitative and standardized way, the extent to which the negotiators in trilogues (the rapporteur and the rotating Presidency) deviate from the instructions of the institutions they represent (respectively, the EP and the Council). Based on text-mining techniques, the index is applied to the entire set of trilogue decision-making processes in the 2012–2016 period (N = 11…
Concluding Early Agreements in the EU: A Double Principal‐Agent Analysis of Trilogue Negotiations
Applying a principal‐agent perspective on trilogue negotiations, this article examines how the rapporteur and the Presidency, as agents of respectively the European Parliament and the Council, are able to reach a deal with their fellow agent while avoiding an involuntary defection among their principals. Despite these intra‐ and inter‐institutional constraints, early agreements can be concluded because agents execute two parallel tasks on behalf …
Concluding Early Agreements in the EU: A Double Principal‐Agent Analysis of Trilogue Negotiations
Applying a principal‐agent perspective on trilogue negotiations, this article examines how the rapporteur and the Presidency, as agents of respectively the European Parliament and the Council, are able to reach a deal with their fellow agent while avoiding an involuntary defection among their principals. Despite these intra‐ and inter‐institutional constraints, early agreements can be concluded because agents execute two parallel tasks on behalf …
How much do agents in trilogues deviate from their principals’ instructions? Introducing a deviation index
This article presents a newly developed ‘deviation index’ to measure, in a quantitative and standardized way, the extent to which the negotiators in trilogues (the rapporteur and the rotating Presidency) deviate from the instructions of the institutions they represent (respectively, the EP and the Council). Based on text-mining techniques, the index is applied to the entire set of trilogue decision-making processes in the 2012–2016 period (N = 11…
The origins of EU legislation: Agenda-Setting, Intra-Institutional Decision-Making or Interinstitutional Negotiations
This article traces the origins of European legislation during the legislative policy-making process. It identifies three phases where parts of the text of legislative acts can be developed: (1) agenda-setting; (2) intra-institutional decision-making and (3) interinstitutional negotiations, depending on whether the content of the legislation originates respectively in the Commission proposal, the co-legislators’ positions or trilogue negotiations…
Agency slack as cause of deviation in trilogue negotiations
Trilogues are the main forum for legislative negotiation in the EU. In trilogues, each co-legislator is represented by negotiators, who therefore play a central role in the current EU legislative process. This paper examines whether trilogues enable negotiators therein to slack by deviating more from the mandates they receive when they disagree with their institutions. The extent of deviation is measured using text-mining techniques for 219 negot…
Why Defend Something I Don’t Agree with? Conflicts within the Commission and Legislative Amendments in Trilogues
This article aims to examine the effect of intra-institutional conflicts in the European Commission on the extent of changes made to legislative proposals in trilogue negotiations. We develop and test three hypotheses related to how conflicts within the Commission, namely that intra-institutional disagreements during policy formulation (h1), and potential conflicts with previous (h2) or subsequent (h3) colleges of commissioners, increase the numb…
Slow adapters or active players? Belgian regional parliamentarians and European affairs after Lisbon
How do members of regional parliaments engage in EU policymaking? This paper examines how and why members of the Walloon, Flemish and Brussels regional parliaments vary in their EU-contacting activities, by adapting a German survey. Belgium makes a relevant case, as the ‘in foro interno, in foro externo’ principle entitles regions to conduct foreign policy, including EU affairs in those areas they possess internal competency. Our data show that t…
Politicized Policies? The Cases of Employment Policies in Belgian and French Televised Public Debates
Employment policies are central to contemporary social models. According to liberal democratic principles, public debate around policies must be characterized by politicization, understood as a discursive process marked by contingency and controversy. Given the far‐reaching transformations in employment policies, this study examines how they are (de)politicized in Belgian and French television news through a framing analysis of coverage from thre…
The effect of trilogues on the European Commission's success in legislative negotiations: A reappraisal
Informal negotiations have become the norm in the European Union legislative process. Yet, researchers are divided over the effects of this change on the European Commission's ability to defend the content of its proposals from modifications by the co-legislators. This article addresses this puzzle by using a fine-grained measure of whether informal negotiations took place which includes trivial agreements, namely legislation adopted in first rea…
Talkin’ ‘bout a Negotiation: (Un)Transparent Rapporteurs’ Speeches in the European Parliament
For policies to be legitimate, both the policy process and the underlying reasons must be transparent to the public. In the EU, the lion’s share of legislation is nowadays negotiated in informal secluded meeting called trilogues. Therefore, presentation of the trilogues compromise by the rapporteur to the European Parliament (EP) plenary is, arguably, one of the few formal occasions for ‘transparency in process,’ i.e., public access to the detail…
Policies with and without Politics: Committees and the Differentiated Politicization of Legislative Debates in the European Parliament
Parce qu'ils permettent aux députés européens d'exprimer publiquement et de confronter leurs positions sur les législations à adopter, les débats en plénière au Parlement européen constituent des espaces importants de politisation. Cependant, étant donné le rôle central des commissions dans le processus décisionnel du PE et les différences entre elles, la politisation des débats en plénière est susceptible de varier selon les commissions qui ont …
How much do agents in trilogues deviate from their principals’ instructions? Introducing a deviation index
This article presents a newly developed ‘deviation index’ to measure, in a quantitative and standardized way, the extent to which the negotiators in trilogues (the rapporteur and the rotating Presidency) deviate from the instructions of the institutions they represent (respectively, the EP and the Council). Based on text-mining techniques, the index is applied to the entire set of trilogue decision-making processes in the 2012–2016 period (N = 11…
Concluding Early Agreements in the EU: A Double Principal‐Agent Analysis of Trilogue Negotiations
Applying a principal‐agent perspective on trilogue negotiations, this article examines how the rapporteur and the Presidency, as agents of respectively the European Parliament and the Council, are able to reach a deal with their fellow agent while avoiding an involuntary defection among their principals. Despite these intra‐ and inter‐institutional constraints, early agreements can be concluded because agents execute two parallel tasks on behalf …
Policies with and without Politics: Committees and the Differentiated Politicization of Legislative Debates in the European Parliament
Parce qu'ils permettent aux députés européens d'exprimer publiquement et de confronter leurs positions sur les législations à adopter, les débats en plénière au Parlement européen constituent des espaces importants de politisation. Cependant, étant donné le rôle central des commissions dans le processus décisionnel du PE et les différences entre elles, la politisation des débats en plénière est susceptible de varier selon les commissions qui ont …
Informal negotiations in EU legislative decision-making: A systematic review and research agenda
Over the last 20 years, the political dynamics in EU legislative policy-making have fundamentally changed as trilogues have become the major forum for legislative negotiations. From this perspective, this article represents a first systematic review of the literature on trilogues by using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. In doing so, it demonstrates the impact of trilogues on EU legislative politics, both in…
Why Defend Something I Don’t Agree with? Conflicts within the Commission and Legislative Amendments in Trilogues
This article aims to examine the effect of intra-institutional conflicts in the European Commission on the extent of changes made to legislative proposals in trilogue negotiations. We develop and test three hypotheses related to how conflicts within the Commission, namely that intra-institutional disagreements during policy formulation (h1), and potential conflicts with previous (h2) or subsequent (h3) colleges of commissioners, increase the numb…
Talkin’ ‘bout a Negotiation: (Un)Transparent Rapporteurs’ Speeches in the European Parliament
For policies to be legitimate, both the policy process and the underlying reasons must be transparent to the public. In the EU, the lion’s share of legislation is nowadays negotiated in informal secluded meeting called trilogues. Therefore, presentation of the trilogues compromise by the rapporteur to the European Parliament (EP) plenary is, arguably, one of the few formal occasions for ‘transparency in process,’ i.e., public access to the detail…
The origins of EU legislation: Agenda-Setting, Intra-Institutional Decision-Making or Interinstitutional Negotiations
This article traces the origins of European legislation during the legislative policy-making process. It identifies three phases where parts of the text of legislative acts can be developed: (1) agenda-setting; (2) intra-institutional decision-making and (3) interinstitutional negotiations, depending on whether the content of the legislation originates respectively in the Commission proposal, the co-legislators’ positions or trilogue negotiations…
Agency slack as cause of deviation in trilogue negotiations
Trilogues are the main forum for legislative negotiation in the EU. In trilogues, each co-legislator is represented by negotiators, who therefore play a central role in the current EU legislative process. This paper examines whether trilogues enable negotiators therein to slack by deviating more from the mandates they receive when they disagree with their institutions. The extent of deviation is measured using text-mining techniques for 219 negot…
Welk stadion voor Union Saint-Gilloise? De mening van de supporters
Depuis quelques années, un projet de nouveau stade au Bempt à Forest au bénéfice de l’Union Saint-Gilloise suscite un débat qu’aucune décision publique favorable n’a encore tranché à la mi-2025. Cet article décrypte les résultats d’une enquête en ligne menée à la mi-2023 auprès des supporters unionistes pour connaître leur avis sur cette controverse. Il révèle que l’idée d’un nouveau stade a une portée clivante en leur sein. Si une large majorité…
Nouveau stade et décision publique: La controverse autour de l’écrin de l’Union Saint-Gilloise
Au cours des dernières décennies, Bruxelles, à l’inverse de nombreuses villes françaises ou britanniques, n’a vu sortir de terre aucun stade de football professionnel. L’échec récent de l’implantation d’un nouveau « stade national » au Heysel a marqué les esprits. Depuis quelques années toutefois, un nouveau projet est apparu, cette fois au bénéfice de l’Union Saint-Gilloise remontée en division 1 en 2021, devenue championne de Belgique en 2025. …
Quel stade pour l’Union Saint-Gilloise ? L’avis des supporters
Depuis quelques années, un projet de nouveau stade au Bempt à Forest au bénéfice de l’Union Saint-Gilloise suscite un débat qu’aucune décision publique favorable n’a encore tranché à la mi-2025. Cet article décrypte les résultats d’une enquête en ligne menée à la mi-2023 auprès des supporters unionistes pour connaître leur avis sur cette controverse. Il révèle que l’idée d’un nouveau stade a une portée clivante en leur sein. Si une large majorité…
New stadium and public decision: Controversy surrounding the home of Union Saint-Gilloise
Au cours des dernières décennies, Bruxelles, à l’inverse de nombreuses villes françaises ou britanniques, n’a vu sortir de terre aucun stade de football professionnel. L’échec récent de l’implantation d’un nouveau « stade national » au Heysel a marqué les esprits. Depuis quelques années toutefois, un nouveau projet est apparu, cette fois au bénéfice de l’Union Saint-Gilloise remontée en division 1 en 2021, devenue championne de Belgique en 2025. …
Nieuw stadion en openbare besluitvorming: Controverse rond de thuisbasis van Union Saint-Gilloise
Au cours des dernières décennies, Bruxelles, à l’inverse de nombreuses villes françaises ou britanniques, n’a vu sortir de terre aucun stade de football professionnel. L’échec récent de l’implantation d’un nouveau « stade national » au Heysel a marqué les esprits. Depuis quelques années toutefois, un nouveau projet est apparu, cette fois au bénéfice de l’Union Saint-Gilloise remontée en division 1 en 2021, devenue championne de Belgique en 2025. …
A new stadium for Union Saint-Gilloise. The opinions of fans
Depuis quelques années, un projet de nouveau stade au Bempt à Forest au bénéfice de l’Union Saint-Gilloise suscite un débat qu’aucune décision publique favorable n’a encore tranché à la mi-2025. Cet article décrypte les résultats d’une enquête en ligne menée à la mi-2023 auprès des supporters unionistes pour connaître leur avis sur cette controverse. Il révèle que l’idée d’un nouveau stade a une portée clivante en leur sein. Si une large majorité…
Slow adapters or active players? Belgian regional parliamentarians and European affairs after Lisbon
How do members of regional parliaments engage in EU policymaking? This paper examines how and why members of the Walloon, Flemish and Brussels regional parliaments vary in their EU-contacting activities, by adapting a German survey. Belgium makes a relevant case, as the ‘in foro interno, in foro externo’ principle entitles regions to conduct foreign policy, including EU affairs in those areas they possess internal competency. Our data show that t…
The effect of trilogues on the European Commission's success in legislative negotiations: A reappraisal
Informal negotiations have become the norm in the European Union legislative process. Yet, researchers are divided over the effects of this change on the European Commission's ability to defend the content of its proposals from modifications by the co-legislators. This article addresses this puzzle by using a fine-grained measure of whether informal negotiations took place which includes trivial agreements, namely legislation adopted in first rea…
Les élections européennes en Belgique: Un scrutin de troisième ordre
The European elections in Belgium: A third-order ballot
Politicized Policies? The Cases of Employment Policies in Belgian and French Televised Public Debates
Employment policies are central to contemporary social models. According to liberal democratic principles, public debate around policies must be characterized by politicization, understood as a discursive process marked by contingency and controversy. Given the far‐reaching transformations in employment policies, this study examines how they are (de)politicized in Belgian and French television news through a framing analysis of coverage from thre…
Working at home: Individual level drivers of MEPs’ focus on constituency work
This article investigates how Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) allocate resources between their parliamentary and constituency work, focusing on their staffing decisions. Specifically, it examines the distribution of MEPs’ staff between accredited assistants, based in the European Parliament (EP), and local staff working in their constituency. The study seeks to explain why some MEPs allocate a larger share of their staff to constituency…
Scope and determinants of multisupporterism: The case of Union Saint-Gilloise supporters
While research on football supporterism has extensively examined attachment to a single club, less attention has been paid to multisupporterism, i.e. the partisan attachment to more than one team. This paper seeks to address this gap by examining the prevalence of multisupporterism and identifying factors associated with it, on the basis of an online survey conducted among supporters of Union Saint-Gilloise, a Belgian club. The results show that …
Political science (18 works) · Law (11 works) · Law (11 works) · European Union Policy and Governance (9 works) · Political Influence and Corporate Strategies (9 works) · Business (7 works) · Public Administration (7 works) · Public Administration (7 works) · Legislature (6 works) · Negotiation (6 works)