Sandra D Simpkin
Biographic Data
| ID | 4415539 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Sandra D Simpkin |
| GIVEN NAMES | Sandra D |
| FAMILY NAME | Simpkin |
| SIGNATURE | SIMPKIN S D |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of California, Irvine |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6053-4827 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 87 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 439 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 87 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2005 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 12 |
Organized after‐school activities and Asian American high school students' Asian American identity and Asian American racial identity ideological values
The present study qualitatively examined how Asian American college students thought their participation in organized after‐school activities during high school was related to their Asian American identity and Asian American racial identity ideological values. Semi‐structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 25 Asian American‐identifying undergraduate students (80% female, 96% U.S.‐born) enrolled in a 4‐year, public university in Southe…
Culturally Responsive Programming for Asian American Adolescents: Insights from Community-Based Program Leaders
In this study, we qualitatively explored the perspectives of Asian American program leaders who designed and oversaw community-based after-school programs serving Asian American adolescents. We focused on the developmental goals prioritized by these programs and the strategies program leaders found helpful in mitigating challenges they faced. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with seven Asian American program leaders (43% fema…
The development of in-group-favoring math stereotypes among adolescents across gender and race/ethnicity: Teacher influence and motivational consequences.
0.63 in nineth grade), we found that Asian and White girls' female-favoring math stereotypes and their perceived math teacher support reinforced one another from early to late adolescence, but not among other groups. In-group-favoring math stereotypes positively predicted math motivational beliefs among boys across all racial/ethnic groups, but only among Black and White girls. These stereotypes indirectly predicted math grade point average (GPA)…
Addressing inequities in STEM through culturally responsive practices in an after-school math enrichment activity
The relations between math expectancy-value belief development and STEM outcomes among Asian and Latine adolescents
Empowering Latine Adolescents Through Culturally Responsive Practices in an After-School Math Enrichment Activity
Organized after-school activities can play a vital role in supporting historically marginalized youth in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), yet less is known about how culturally responsive practices—which are practices that integrate youths’ cultural backgrounds and lived experiences into learning—are enacted in math-focused learning spaces. Drawing on empowerment theory and critical youth empowerment frameworks, this qual…
Parental STEM support in high school: The predictors, college correlates, and differences by gender and college generation status
Parents’ science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) support is theorized to influence adolescents’ choices to pursue STEM majors and careers (Eccles & Wigfield, 2020). Theory posits that parents’ STEM support is situated within the immediate contexts and, thus, is shaped by both parents’ beliefs about education and STEM as well as adolescents’ achievements and interests (Eccles & Wigfield, 2020), but the current empirical evidence t…
Organized After-School Activity and Adolescents’ Ethnic-Racial Identity: A Systematic Literature Review
Ethnic-racial identity is an important developmental outcome, particularly for adolescents of color. Understanding the contextual factors that support this outcome is important for promoting their overall positive development. Organized after-school activities offer a promising structural support for ethnic-racial identity development, yet little is known about the specific mechanisms within activities that support this process. This systematic l…
Patterns of afterschool settings: Are they related to changes in academic and social functioning in children and adolescents
This quantitative study examines patterns of participation in different afterschool settings over a 2-year period among ethnically diverse, low-income children and early adolescents (N = 2,914; 53% female; 66% Latine, 10% Black; Mchildren's age = 8.7 years, Mearly adolescents' age = 11.7 years). Four reliable patterns were found: (a) afterschool programs plus extracurricular activities, (b) afterschool programs plus extracurricular activities and…
Changes in math motivation profiles among adolescents with non-college-educated parents: Relations to perceived parent support, teacher support, and academic outcomes
Students whose parents have less than a 4-year college degree remain underrepresented in math-intensive majors compared to students with college-educated parents. However, support from parents and teachers may help close these gaps in high school. To explore this, we examined changes in the patterns of high school students' math motivational beliefs in a nationally representative U.S. sample of 7,600 adolescents whose parents had less than a 4-ye…
Girls and Boys Typically Have Similar Math Value Beliefs: Replication Evidence Across Historical Time, High School, and Racial/Ethnic Groups
INTRODUCTION: Individuals' math value beliefs are theorized to influence who persists in STEM. However, the existing findings on gender differences in adolescents' math value beliefs are inconsistent. The goal of this study was to use three existing datasets to help clarify when gender differences emerge for high school adolescents and for whom (i.e., adolescents across historical time, grade level, and race/ethnicity). Specifically, we examined …
Black and Latine parent’s science and math support matters: How patterns of parent support relate to adolescents’ motivational beliefs and course taking across high school
Black and Latine parents play a crucial role in shaping adolescents' math and science motivation and science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) course taking. However, providing extensive support across various behaviors may not always be feasible nor optimal. Analyzing data from 4,230 Black and Latine families (47% Latine, 46% Black; 50% girls; 70% noncollege educated parents), we identified six distinct parent support profiles using the …
If I can’t help, I find someone who can: Lower-SES Latine parents’ adaptive responses to math support challenges
Latine parents from lower socioeconomic backgrounds in the United States (US) often face challenges when supporting their adolescents’ education in subjects like math. Guided by strengths-based, culturally grounded frameworks, this study explored the challenges Latine parents faced when supporting adolescents’ math learning and how they leveraged their community cultural wealth via specific strategies to address challenges. We conducted semi-stru…
Consensus statement on developmentally appropriate policy and practice for adolescents in foster care
Networks and directed acyclic graphs: Initial steps to efficiently examine causal relations between expectancies, values, and prior achievement
Longitudinal associations between Latine parents' support and their adolescents' science motivation and STEM career expectations
INTRODUCTION: Parents' science support and adolescents' motivational beliefs are associated with adolescents' expectations for their future occupations; however, these associations have been mostly investigated among White, middle-class samples. Framed by situated expectancy-value theory, the current study investigated: (1) the associations between parents' science support in 9th grade and Latine adolescents' science intrinsic value, utility valu…
Children’s self-control as an antecedent of adolescent prosociality and adult civic engagement
Guided by the ecological model of civic development, this study examined the extent to which the growth in children’s self-control during middle childhood predicted their civic engagement at age 26 directly and indirectly via their prosociality at age 15. We used data from 1,042 children (50% female, 77% White) in the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. Children’s self-control at 3rd grade and growth in self-control from 3rd to…
Developmental changes in youth’s unsupervised time across middle childhood and early adolescence
Challenges and Strategies in Working with Latine Adolescents in a Math Enrichment Afterschool Activity
Afterschool staff are critical to youth’s experiences in activities and shape what youth garner from activities. This study focuses on undergraduate students’ experiences working with adolescents in an afterschool activity through a community-university partnership in an effort to understand the challenges afterschool staff face and the strategies that helped them address those challenges. Undergraduate students, who are referred to as mentors in…
Examining changes in adolescents’ high school math and science motivational beliefs and their relations to parental STEM support and STEM major choice at the intersectionality of gender and college ge…
Drawing on the situated expectancy-value, dimensional comparison theories, and the intersectionality approach, this article examined the changes in adolescents' math and science motivational beliefs, the parental and college correlates of those beliefs, and the differences at the intersection of gender and college generation status (i.e., female and male first- and continuing-generation college students). Findings based on the nationally represen…
Math motivational belief development during high school by race/ethnicity: Teachers and parents as predictors of changes
The changes in adolescents' math motivational beliefs (i.e., expectancies for success, interest, and utility value) across Grades 9-11 and the associations between these changes and adolescents' experiences with socializers (i.e., perceived teacher unfairness and parent-adolescent discussions) were examined within each of the four largest racial/ethnic groups in the United States using the High School Longitudinal Study, a nationally representati…
Trajectories of math expectancies for success and values in Latinx and Asian students
The heterogeneity in the developmental trajectories of math motivational beliefs (i.e., expectancies for success and subjective task value beliefs) was examined among Asian and Latinx male and female students from Southern California across Grades 8 through 10 ( n = 2,710; 50% female; 85% Latinx; 15% Asian; M age = 13.77). By conducting growth mixture modeling, we identified two classes of stable trajectories for expectancies for success; five cl…
“Who’s Better at Math, Boys or Girls?”: Changes in Adolescents’ Math Gender Stereotypes and Their Motivational Beliefs from Early to Late Adolescence
Though adults tend to endorse the stereotype that boys are better than girls in math, children tend to favor their own gender or be gender egalitarian. When do individuals start endorsing the traditional stereotype that boys are better? Using two longitudinal U.S. datasets that span 1993 to 2011, we examined three questions: (1) What are the developmental changes in adolescents’ gender stereotypes about math abilities from early to late adolescen…
Longitudinal associations between adolescent out‐of‐school time and adult substance use
INTRODUCTION: Based on Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory and Bornstein's specificity principle, the purpose of this study was to examine adolescents' time in out-of-school settings as a precursor of three types of problematic substance use in adulthood (i.e., binge drinking, regular marijuana use, and use of illicit drugs). METHOD: Adolescents (N = 978) reported the time they spent in four common out-of-school settings at ages 15 and 18: unsu…
Latinx adolescents’ school-related science conversations with family members: Associations with adolescents’ science expectancy-value beliefs in high school
Integrating situated expectancy-value and family systems theories, the current study tested the extent to which Latinx adolescents’ 9th-grade school-related science conversations with parents and older siblings/cousins positively predicted their 10th-grade science ability self-concepts and task values. We also tested whether these links were moderated by who primarily initiated the conversations (i.e., adolescents, family members, or both). We us…
Math and science motivation: A longitudinal examination of the links between choices and beliefs
This study addresses the longitudinal associations between youths' out-of-school activities, expectancies-values, and high school course enrollment in the domains of math and science. Data were collected on 227 youth who reported on their activity participation in 5th grade, expectancies-values in 6th and 10th grade, and courses taken throughout high school. Math and science course grades at 5th and 10th grade were gathered through school record …
The contribution of extracurricular activities to adolescent friendships: New insights through social network analysis
Extracurricular activities are settings that are theorized to help adolescents maintain existing friendships and develop new friendships. The overarching goal of the current investigation was to examine whether coparticipating in school-based extracurricular activities supported adolescents' school-based friendships. We used social network methods and data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to examine whether dyadic friends…
Charting the Eccles' expectancy-value model from mothers' beliefs in childhood to youths' activities in adolescence
The Eccles' expectancy-value model posits that a cascade of mechanisms explain associations between parents' beliefs and youths' achievement-related behaviors. Specifically, parents' beliefs predict parents' behaviors; in turn, parents' behaviors predict youths' motivational beliefs, and youths' motivational beliefs predict their behaviors. This investigation focused on testing this model with mothers in sports, music, math, and reading over a 12…
Socioeconomic status, ethnicity, culture, and immigration: Examining the potential mechanisms underlying Mexican-origin adolescents' organized activity participation
The integrative model for child development and ecodevelopmental theory suggest that macro factors, such as socioeconomic status, ethnicity, culture, and immigration influence the settings in which adolescents engage. The goal of this investigation was to use a combination of deductive and inductive qualitative analysis to describe the mechanisms by which these macro factors might be related to Mexican-origin adolescents' participation in organiz…
Designing Culturally Responsive Organized After-School Activities
Organized after-school activities promote positive youth development across a range of outcomes. To be most effective, organized activities need to meet high-quality standards. The eight features of quality developed by the National Research Council’s Committee on Community-Level Programs for Youth have helped guide the field in this regard. However, these standards have largely been defined in terms of universal developmental needs, and do not a…
Adolescent Friendships, BMI , and Physical Activity: Untangling Selection and Influence Through Longitudinal Social Network Analysis
Bioecological theory suggests that adolescents' health is a result of selection and socialization processes occurring between adolescents and their microsettings. This study examines the association between adolescents' friends and health using a social network model and data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (N = 1,896, mean age = 15.97 years). Results indicated evidence of friend influence on BMI and physical activity. F…
The mediational role of adolescents' friends in relations between activity breadth and adjustment
This investigation addresses the mediational role of friends' characteristics between adolescents' activity breadth (i.e., variety in activity participation) and their later adjustment. Data were drawn from 2 longitudinal studies: the Childhood and Beyond (CAB; N = 925) study and the Maryland Adolescent Development in Context Study (MADICS; N = 1,338). Adolescents at Time 2 in each study (8th, 9th, and 11th graders in CAB and 8th graders in MADIC…
Using Social Network Analysis to Clarify the Role of Obesity in Selection of Adolescent Friends
Objectives. We used social network analysis to examine how weight status affects friend selection, with an emphasis on homophily and the social marginalization of overweight youths. Methods. We used an exponential random graph model to assess the effects of body mass index (BMI) on friend selection while controlling for several alternative selection processes. Data were derived from 58 987 students in 88 US middle and high schools who took part i…
They Will Post a Law About Playing Soccer” and Other Ethnic/Racial Microaggressions in Organized Activities Experienced by Mexican-Origin Families
Organized activities have been found to provide positive experiences for Latino adolescents to develop confidence and learn critical life skills; however, these programs are sometimes a context where youth encounter negative experiences related to ethnic/racial microaggressions (ERMs). This qualitative study explores the types of ERMs that Mexican-origin parents and adolescents encountered in their organized activities experience. Parents were ma…
Individuals’ math and science motivation and their subsequent STEM choices and achievement in high school and college: A longitudinal study of gender and college generation status differences
Math and science motivational beliefs are essential in understanding students' science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) achievement and choices in high school and college. Drawing on the Eccles' expectancy-value theory and Arnett's emerging adulthood framework, this study examined the relations among high school students' motivational beliefs in ninth grade and their STEM course taking and grade point average (GPA) throughout high school…
How Do My Friends Matter? Examining Latino Adolescents’ Friendships, School Belonging, and Academic Achievement
Do neighborhood and home contexts help explain why low-income children miss opportunities to participate in activities outside of school
In this study, children's participation (N = 1,420) in activities outside of elementary school was examined as a function of disparities in family income using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, Child Development Supplement. Children's neighborhood and home environments were investigated as mechanisms linking income disparities and participation rates. Family income was positively associated with children's participation in activities,…
Children’s developing work habits from middle childhood to early adolescence: Cascading effects for academic outcomes in adolescence and adulthood
Children's work habits at school include being a hard worker, turning in work on time, following classroom rules, and putting forward one's best effort. Models on youth character, noncognitive skills, and social-emotional learning suggest that self-management skills like work habits are critical for individuals' subsequent academic success. Using data from 1,124 children in the NICHD Study of Early Childcare and Youth Development (49% female; 77%…
Do School Friends Participate in Similar Extracurricular Activities: Examining the Moderating Role of Race/Ethnicity and Age
Adolescents who participate in school-based extracurricular activities have higher adjustment than adolescents who do not participate. A critical, but often overlooked, question is what are the predictors of adolescents' participation in activities? The purpose of this study was to test whether school friends' activities predicted adolescents' activities. Data were drawn from the Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (N= 53,070; 7th through 12t…
Similarities in Children’s and Early Adolescents’ Perceptions of Friendship Qualities Across Development, Gender, and Friendship Qualities
Similarities between adolescents are often the cornerstone of a friendship; yet researchers know little about the similarities in friends’ perceptions of the relationship. In the current study, the authors examine similarities in friends’ perceived friendship qualities during the transition into early adolescence (n = 77 third graders, 110 fourth graders, 86 fifth graders, 81 sixth graders). The same study participants were assessed every year, b…
Adolescent Adjustment and Patterns of Parents' Behaviors in Early and Middle Adolescence
In this study, we identified unique clusters of parenting behaviors based on parents' school involvement, community involvement, rule‐setting, and cognitive stimulation with data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics—Child Development Supplement. In early ( n =668) and middle adolescence ( n =634), parents who provided high cognitive stimulation (i.e., cognitive enrichment parents) or engaged in all parenting behaviors (i.e., engaged parents) h…
The development of cooperation and self-control in middle childhood: Associations with earlier maternal and paternal parenting
Developmental theories and previous research have emphasized the significance of cooperation and self-control in middle childhood. The present study extends previous research by examining (a) the growth of cooperation and self-control as well as the relations between them in middle childhood (third to sixth grade) and (b) the extent to which mothers' and fathers' parenting during early childhood (54 months and first grade) was associated with chi…
Parent Support of Mexican-Descent High School Adolescents’ Science Education: A Culturally Grounded Framework
The aim of this study was to use sociocultural perspectives to elaborate on Eccles’ parent socialization model and create a culturally grounded, multidimensional model of parent support among Mexican-descent families. Given Latinx underrepresentation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics careers, we focus on science as an important domain in which to study parent support. Using a qualitative approach, this study examines (a) what f…
The Complexities of Culturally Responsive Organized Activities: Latino Parents’ and Adolescents’ Perspectives
Grounded in bioecological theories, this mixed-method article examines aspects of culturally responsive organized activities. Study 1 used path analysis to quantitatively test relations between ethnic cultural features of activities (ways of integrating ethnic culture) and concurrent experiences ( N = 150 Latino adolescents). Findings were mixed, such that some features (e.g., teaching ethnic culture) predicted positive (e.g., increased autonomy)…
Youth Participation in Organized and Informal Sports Activities Across Childhood and Adolescence: Exploring the Relationships of Motivational Beliefs, Developmental Stage and Gender
Parents’ Math Gender Stereotypes and Their Correlates: An Examination of the Similarities and Differences Over the Past 25 Years
Culturally Responsive Practices: Insights from a High‐Quality Math Afterschool Program Serving Underprivileged Latinx Youth
High‐quality afterschool programs (ASPs) are opportunities to diversify the ways that Latinx youth from economically underprivileged communities experience STEM learning. Utilizing qualitative methods, based on the experiences and perspectives of low‐income Latinx middle school participants of a math enrichment ASP in Southern California, we identified four culturally responsive practices: (1) the promotion of an inclusive, safe, and respectful p…
Participating in Sport and Music Activities in Adolescence: The Role of Activity Participation and Motivational Beliefs During Elementary School
High school students’ math and science gender stereotypes: Relations with their STEM outcomes and socializers’ stereotypes
Parent and Sibling Science Support for Latinx Adolescents
Mapping leaks in the math, science, and technology pipeline
Many adolescents, particularly female and minority students, choose not to pursue careers in math, science, and technology
The intersection between self-concepts and values: Links between beliefs and choices in high school
This chapter addresses how critical choices in the math and science pipeline can be traced back to adolescents' self-concepts of abilities and values at the beginning of high school
Parents' Socializing Behavior and Children's Participation in Math, Science, and Computer Out-of-School Activities
This study examined associations between multiple parental behaviors and children's participation in out-of-school math, science, and computer activities for children in 2nd (n = 125), 3rd (n = 123), and 5th grade (n = 200). Mothers and fathers reported how often they encouraged their children's activities, participated in activities with their child, provided activity-related materials, and participated in activities themselves, as well as how o…
Family involvement in school and low-income children's literacy: Longitudinal associations between and within families.
Longitudinal data from kindergarten to 5th grade on both family involvement in school and children's literacy performance were examined for an ethnically diverse, low-income sample (N = 281). Within families, increased school involvement predicted improved child literacy. In addition, although there was an achievement gap in average literacy performance between children of more and less educated mothers if family involvement levels were low, this…
Mother - Child Relationship as a Moderator of the Relation Between Family Educational Involvement and Child Achievement
Objective. This investigation addresses the moderating effect of mother - child warmth and conflict on associations between family involvement in children's education and kindergartners' mathematics and literacy achievement. Design. One hundred seventy-five kindergartners and their mothers from low-income families completed questionnaires and assessments. Results. Maternal perceptions of warmth evidenced a significant moderating effect, but perce…
Similarities in Children’s and Early Adolescents’ Perceptions of Friendship Qualities Across Development, Gender, and Friendship Qualities
Similarities between adolescents are often the cornerstone of a friendship; yet researchers know little about the similarities in friends’ perceptions of the relationship. In the current study, the authors examine similarities in friends’ perceived friendship qualities during the transition into early adolescence (n = 77 third graders, 110 fourth graders, 86 fifth graders, 81 sixth graders). The same study participants were assessed every year, b…
Math and science motivation: A longitudinal examination of the links between choices and beliefs
This study addresses the longitudinal associations between youths' out-of-school activities, expectancies-values, and high school course enrollment in the domains of math and science. Data were collected on 227 youth who reported on their activity participation in 5th grade, expectancies-values in 6th and 10th grade, and courses taken throughout high school. Math and science course grades at 5th and 10th grade were gathered through school record …
The mediational role of adolescents' friends in relations between activity breadth and adjustment
This investigation addresses the mediational role of friends' characteristics between adolescents' activity breadth (i.e., variety in activity participation) and their later adjustment. Data were drawn from 2 longitudinal studies: the Childhood and Beyond (CAB; N = 925) study and the Maryland Adolescent Development in Context Study (MADICS; N = 1,338). Adolescents at Time 2 in each study (8th, 9th, and 11th graders in CAB and 8th graders in MADIC…
Adolescent Adjustment and Patterns of Parents' Behaviors in Early and Middle Adolescence
In this study, we identified unique clusters of parenting behaviors based on parents' school involvement, community involvement, rule‐setting, and cognitive stimulation with data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics—Child Development Supplement. In early ( n =668) and middle adolescence ( n =634), parents who provided high cognitive stimulation (i.e., cognitive enrichment parents) or engaged in all parenting behaviors (i.e., engaged parents) h…
Do neighborhood and home contexts help explain why low-income children miss opportunities to participate in activities outside of school
In this study, children's participation (N = 1,420) in activities outside of elementary school was examined as a function of disparities in family income using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, Child Development Supplement. Children's neighborhood and home environments were investigated as mechanisms linking income disparities and participation rates. Family income was positively associated with children's participation in activities,…
Dynamic Relations Between Parents' Behaviors and Children's Motivational Beliefs in Sports and Music
SYNOPSIS Objective. This study examined the associations between trajectories of parents' behaviors and trajectories of children's sport and music motivational beliefs (i.e., self-concepts of abilities and values). Design. Mothers and fathers (N = 589) reported their modeling, provision of activity-related materials, encouragement, and parent–child coactivity when children were in 1st grade (M = 7.40 years, SD = .35) through 6th grade (M = 12.37 …
Participating in Sport and Music Activities in Adolescence: The Role of Activity Participation and Motivational Beliefs During Elementary School
Latino Adolescents' Participation in Extracurricular Activities: How Important Are Family Resources and Cultural Orientation
Latino adolescents often are less likely to participate in extracurricular activities compared to youth from other ethnic groups. This descriptive study examined the differences in activity participation by family resources and markers of cultural orientation for the four largest Latino ethnic groups in the U.S. Findings were based on secondary data analysis of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (N = 11,689 Latino youth). Family…
Mexican American Seventh Graders’ Future Work and Family Plans: Associations With Cultural Experiences and Adjustment
We describe Mexican American 7(th) graders' expectations for future work and family roles and investigate links between patterns of future expectations and adolescents' cultural experiences and adjustment. Adolescents participated in home interviews and a series of seven nightly phone calls. Five unique patterns of adolescents' future expectations were identified (N = 246): Career Oriented, Independent, Family Oriented, Early, and Inconsistent. C…
The contribution of extracurricular activities to adolescent friendships: New insights through social network analysis
Extracurricular activities are settings that are theorized to help adolescents maintain existing friendships and develop new friendships. The overarching goal of the current investigation was to examine whether coparticipating in school-based extracurricular activities supported adolescents' school-based friendships. We used social network methods and data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to examine whether dyadic friends…
Promoting Positive Youth Development Through Organized After-School Activities: Taking a Closer Look at Participation of Ethnic Minority Youth
Youth participation in organized after-school activities provides opportunities for positive growth and development. Unfortunately, ethnic minority youth, especially those living in low-income communities, participate in these activities at lower rates and less consistently than nonminority youth. This article reviews the research on the academic, psychological, and behavioral outcomes of participation in organized activities for African American…
Do School Friends Participate in Similar Extracurricular Activities: Examining the Moderating Role of Race/Ethnicity and Age
Adolescents who participate in school-based extracurricular activities have higher adjustment than adolescents who do not participate. A critical, but often overlooked, question is what are the predictors of adolescents' participation in activities? The purpose of this study was to test whether school friends' activities predicted adolescents' activities. Data were drawn from the Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (N= 53,070; 7th through 12t…
Charting the Eccles' expectancy-value model from mothers' beliefs in childhood to youths' activities in adolescence
The Eccles' expectancy-value model posits that a cascade of mechanisms explain associations between parents' beliefs and youths' achievement-related behaviors. Specifically, parents' beliefs predict parents' behaviors; in turn, parents' behaviors predict youths' motivational beliefs, and youths' motivational beliefs predict their behaviors. This investigation focused on testing this model with mothers in sports, music, math, and reading over a 12…
Organized Out-of-School Activities and Peer Relationships: Theoretical Perspectives and Previous Research
The goal of this volume is to show how organized activities provide an ideal setting for developing a deeper understanding of peer relations, as well as offering a context for a more positive study of peers. The chapters in this volume focus on youth 10 to 18 years of age. In this introductory chapter we first describe the reasons why organized activities, like sports, arts, and school clubs, are ideal settings to examine peer processes. Next, we…
When Is Sport Participation Risky or Protective for Alcohol Use? The Role of Teammates, Friendships, and Popularity
Little is known about how adolescents' peer relations might alter whether sport participation is associated with alcohol use. Consistent with social learning theory, we found that sport participation was protective against alcohol use if these peers had low alcohol use, but athletes were likely to use alcohol if their sport friends and teammates had high alcohol use. Interestingly, those with no or low sport participation seemed to emulate the al…
Adolescent Friendships, BMI , and Physical Activity: Untangling Selection and Influence Through Longitudinal Social Network Analysis
Bioecological theory suggests that adolescents' health is a result of selection and socialization processes occurring between adolescents and their microsettings. This study examines the association between adolescents' friends and health using a social network model and data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (N = 1,896, mean age = 15.97 years). Results indicated evidence of friend influence on BMI and physical activity. F…
Socioeconomic status, ethnicity, culture, and immigration: Examining the potential mechanisms underlying Mexican-origin adolescents' organized activity participation
The integrative model for child development and ecodevelopmental theory suggest that macro factors, such as socioeconomic status, ethnicity, culture, and immigration influence the settings in which adolescents engage. The goal of this investigation was to use a combination of deductive and inductive qualitative analysis to describe the mechanisms by which these macro factors might be related to Mexican-origin adolescents' participation in organiz…
Using Social Network Analysis to Clarify the Role of Obesity in Selection of Adolescent Friends
Objectives. We used social network analysis to examine how weight status affects friend selection, with an emphasis on homophily and the social marginalization of overweight youths. Methods. We used an exponential random graph model to assess the effects of body mass index (BMI) on friend selection while controlling for several alternative selection processes. Data were derived from 58 987 students in 88 US middle and high schools who took part i…
Youth Participation in Organized and Informal Sports Activities Across Childhood and Adolescence: Exploring the Relationships of Motivational Beliefs, Developmental Stage and Gender
Motivation, Familial Influences on
Psychology (78 works) · Developmental psychology (68 works) · Youth Development and Social Support (46 works) · Social Psychology (43 works) · Social Psychology (36 works) · Early Childhood Education and Development (31 works) · Parental Involvement in Education (31 works) · Ethnic group (23 works) · Medicine (23 works) · Education, Achievement, and Giftedness (22 works)