Karel Martens
Biographic Data
| ID | 4418151 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Karel Martens |
| GIVEN NAMES | Karel |
| FAMILY NAME | Martens |
| SIGNATURE | MARTENS K |
| AFFILIATIONS | Technion – Israel Institute of Technology |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5690-0556 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 23 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 84 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 23 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2011 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Determining people’s ease and difficulty of movement based on observed travel behavior
This paper presents an approach to use GPS-based travel behavior surveys to determine who is being served well and who is being served poorly by the transport system. We draw on the extensive literature on travel behavior, which has shown that people’s travel behavior is at least in part shaped by the travel barriers they experience. Starting from this basic insight, we define 17 parameters that may provide insight into a person’s relative ease o…
Proximity-centred accessibility – A conceptual debate involving planning practitioners worldwide
In recent years, the concept of proximity has garnered increasing attention in both transportation research and practice, albeit under various terms and interpretations. Among these, the concept of the 15-minute city has catalysed attention in planning practice, with recent evolution to the x-minute city and city of proximities. In research, proximity-centred accessibility has been offered as an umbrella term to express the ability to reach activ…
Public values in the socio-technical construction of autonomous vehicle futures
This study argues that policymaking guided by public values can help to secure public benefit in technology implementation, for two reasons. Firstly, the emergence and deliberation over plural values can result in more publicly beneficial outcomes; secondly, public values establish the meaningful link between public interest and policy goals. We explore the value bases of arguments around the societal implementation of autonomous vehicles through…
Examining the performance of transit systems in large US metropolitan areas
A metro smart card data-based analysis of group travel behaviour in Shanghai, China
Group travel behaviour widely exists in cities, but has not been well investigated by researchers. To fill this gap, this paper develops a co-existence-based methodological framework to systematically explore the spatiotemporal characteristics of group travel behaviour. We apply our framework to a case study of Shanghai, China, using a one-month tranche of metro smart card data. Results show that most travellers perform a small number of group tr…
Equity in Accessibility
Problem, research strategy, and findings Many studies on transport equity have analyzed disparities in access to destinations between different population groups. In this study, we challenge this disparity approach and propose an alternative: analyzing accessibility insufficiencies. We argue that disparity analyses fall short on two accounts. First, they are based on group averages that inherently hide in-group variation. Second, they compare acc…
Core versus periphery
Value dimensions of autonomous vehicle implementation through the Ethical Delphi
Accessibility and the Capabilities Approach
The Capability Approach, developed by Sen and Nussbaum, has recently gained increasing attention in the transport literature. This paper adds to this growing body of literature by investigating how the approach can generate consistent evaluative approaches to inform (urban) transport planning. The paper reviews the mobility literature that has investigated the Capabilities Approach and identifies the opportunities and challenges of employing the …
Relocating shared automated vehicles under parking constraints
With shared mobility services becoming increasingly popular and vehicle automation technology advancing fast, there is an increasing interest in analysing the impacts of large-scale deployment of shared automated vehicles. In this study, a large fleet of shared automated vehicles providing private rides to passengers is introduced to an agent-based simulation model based on the city of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The fleet is dimensioned for a su…
How just is transportation justice theory? The issues of paternalism and production
Measuring individuals' travel behaviour by use of a GPS-based smartphone application in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
A Fair Distribution of Accessibility
The US Department of Transportation requires metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) to consider social equity in their plans and projects in accordance with civil rights–related laws. In this paper, we suggest four interpretations of directives’ distributional standards in relation to accessibility. Employing this framework, we review the equity assessments of regional plans of the ten largest MPOs in the United States. Against our expectatio…
Transportation and environmental justice
This chapter provides an overview of the academic and applied understandings of how justice might best be achieved in the domain of transportation. The emphasis is on the US experience because of its fraught transportation policy and planning history, the subsequent creation of federal laws and regulations focused on public involvement and justice, and the emergence of advocacy and philanthropic organizations aimed at meaningful legal and regulat…
A multilevel spatial interaction model of transit flows incorporating spatial and network autocorrelation
Transport Justice
Transport Justice develops a new paradigm for transportation planning based on principles of justice. Author Karel Martens starts from the observation that for the last fifty years the focus of transportation planning and policy has been on the performance of the transport system and ways to improve it, without much attention being paid to the persons actually using – or failing to use – that transport system. There are far-reaching consequences …
Countering decline of industrial sites
Local economic development is a much used tool for the regeneration of urban areas. Although the designation and effectiveness of local economic development policies has been studied extensively in existing literature, the question as to whether these policies are aimed at the areas that are most in need of these policies remains relatively understudied. This question has been answered using the case of industrial sites in the Netherlands. This p…
Using principles of justice to assess the modal equity of regional transportation plans
A justice-theoretic approach to the distribution of transportation benefits
Justice in transport as justice in accessibility
This paper seeks to provide a theoretical basis for a distributive approach to transport. Using the theory developed by Michael Walzer in his ‘Spheres of Justice’ (1983), I argue that the transport good, defined as accessibility, should be distributed in a so-called separate sphere, i.e. independent from the way in which other key goods, like money or power, are allocated. I subsequently explore what kind of justice principle could guide the dist…
The Design, Experience and Justice of Mobility
The central argument of the ‘mobilities turn’, \nthat sedentarist frameworks have dominated \nsocial sciences for a long time, which has limited \nour understanding of mobilities (e.g. Cresswell \n2006, 2010; Hannam et al. 2006; Sheller & Urry \n2006; Urry 2007) – also applies to the spatial \ndisciplines, andhumangeography in particular. \nOfcourse, themovementandtransport ofgoods \nand people have always been on the agenda of \nthe spatial scie…
Substance precedes methodology
While distributive aspects have been a topic of discussion in relation to cost–benefit analysis (CBA), little systematic thought has been given in the CBA literature to the focus of such an equity analysis in evaluating transport projects. The goal of the paper is to provide an overview of the various directions an equity analysis, carried out within the context of a social cost–benefit analysis, could take. The paper starts from the widely-share…
Injustice
n Contains fulltext :\n 95193.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access)\n
Using principles of justice to assess the modal equity of regional transportation plans
A Fair Distribution of Accessibility
The US Department of Transportation requires metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) to consider social equity in their plans and projects in accordance with civil rights–related laws. In this paper, we suggest four interpretations of directives’ distributional standards in relation to accessibility. Employing this framework, we review the equity assessments of regional plans of the ten largest MPOs in the United States. Against our expectatio…
The Design, Experience and Justice of Mobility
The central argument of the ‘mobilities turn’, \nthat sedentarist frameworks have dominated \nsocial sciences for a long time, which has limited \nour understanding of mobilities (e.g. Cresswell \n2006, 2010; Hannam et al. 2006; Sheller & Urry \n2006; Urry 2007) – also applies to the spatial \ndisciplines, andhumangeography in particular. \nOfcourse, themovementandtransport ofgoods \nand people have always been on the agenda of \nthe spatial scie…
Injustice
n Contains fulltext :\n 95193.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access)\n
Proximity-centred accessibility – A conceptual debate involving planning practitioners worldwide
In recent years, the concept of proximity has garnered increasing attention in both transportation research and practice, albeit under various terms and interpretations. Among these, the concept of the 15-minute city has catalysed attention in planning practice, with recent evolution to the x-minute city and city of proximities. In research, proximity-centred accessibility has been offered as an umbrella term to express the ability to reach activ…
A multilevel spatial interaction model of transit flows incorporating spatial and network autocorrelation
A metro smart card data-based analysis of group travel behaviour in Shanghai, China
Group travel behaviour widely exists in cities, but has not been well investigated by researchers. To fill this gap, this paper develops a co-existence-based methodological framework to systematically explore the spatiotemporal characteristics of group travel behaviour. We apply our framework to a case study of Shanghai, China, using a one-month tranche of metro smart card data. Results show that most travellers perform a small number of group tr…
Core versus periphery
Value dimensions of autonomous vehicle implementation through the Ethical Delphi
Measuring individuals' travel behaviour by use of a GPS-based smartphone application in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Countering decline of industrial sites
Local economic development is a much used tool for the regeneration of urban areas. Although the designation and effectiveness of local economic development policies has been studied extensively in existing literature, the question as to whether these policies are aimed at the areas that are most in need of these policies remains relatively understudied. This question has been answered using the case of industrial sites in the Netherlands. This p…
Substance precedes methodology
While distributive aspects have been a topic of discussion in relation to cost–benefit analysis (CBA), little systematic thought has been given in the CBA literature to the focus of such an equity analysis in evaluating transport projects. The goal of the paper is to provide an overview of the various directions an equity analysis, carried out within the context of a social cost–benefit analysis, could take. The paper starts from the widely-share…
Injustice
n Contains fulltext :\n 95193.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access)\n
A justice-theoretic approach to the distribution of transportation benefits
Justice in transport as justice in accessibility
This paper seeks to provide a theoretical basis for a distributive approach to transport. Using the theory developed by Michael Walzer in his ‘Spheres of Justice’ (1983), I argue that the transport good, defined as accessibility, should be distributed in a so-called separate sphere, i.e. independent from the way in which other key goods, like money or power, are allocated. I subsequently explore what kind of justice principle could guide the dist…
The Design, Experience and Justice of Mobility
The central argument of the ‘mobilities turn’, \nthat sedentarist frameworks have dominated \nsocial sciences for a long time, which has limited \nour understanding of mobilities (e.g. Cresswell \n2006, 2010; Hannam et al. 2006; Sheller & Urry \n2006; Urry 2007) – also applies to the spatial \ndisciplines, andhumangeography in particular. \nOfcourse, themovementandtransport ofgoods \nand people have always been on the agenda of \nthe spatial scie…
Using principles of justice to assess the modal equity of regional transportation plans
Transport Justice
Transport Justice develops a new paradigm for transportation planning based on principles of justice. Author Karel Martens starts from the observation that for the last fifty years the focus of transportation planning and policy has been on the performance of the transport system and ways to improve it, without much attention being paid to the persons actually using – or failing to use – that transport system. There are far-reaching consequences …
Countering decline of industrial sites
Local economic development is a much used tool for the regeneration of urban areas. Although the designation and effectiveness of local economic development policies has been studied extensively in existing literature, the question as to whether these policies are aimed at the areas that are most in need of these policies remains relatively understudied. This question has been answered using the case of industrial sites in the Netherlands. This p…
Transportation and environmental justice
This chapter provides an overview of the academic and applied understandings of how justice might best be achieved in the domain of transportation. The emphasis is on the US experience because of its fraught transportation policy and planning history, the subsequent creation of federal laws and regulations focused on public involvement and justice, and the emergence of advocacy and philanthropic organizations aimed at meaningful legal and regulat…
A multilevel spatial interaction model of transit flows incorporating spatial and network autocorrelation
A Fair Distribution of Accessibility
The US Department of Transportation requires metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) to consider social equity in their plans and projects in accordance with civil rights–related laws. In this paper, we suggest four interpretations of directives’ distributional standards in relation to accessibility. Employing this framework, we review the equity assessments of regional plans of the ten largest MPOs in the United States. Against our expectatio…
Measuring individuals' travel behaviour by use of a GPS-based smartphone application in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
How just is transportation justice theory? The issues of paternalism and production
Accessibility and the Capabilities Approach
The Capability Approach, developed by Sen and Nussbaum, has recently gained increasing attention in the transport literature. This paper adds to this growing body of literature by investigating how the approach can generate consistent evaluative approaches to inform (urban) transport planning. The paper reviews the mobility literature that has investigated the Capabilities Approach and identifies the opportunities and challenges of employing the …
Relocating shared automated vehicles under parking constraints
With shared mobility services becoming increasingly popular and vehicle automation technology advancing fast, there is an increasing interest in analysing the impacts of large-scale deployment of shared automated vehicles. In this study, a large fleet of shared automated vehicles providing private rides to passengers is introduced to an agent-based simulation model based on the city of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The fleet is dimensioned for a su…
Equity in Accessibility
Problem, research strategy, and findings Many studies on transport equity have analyzed disparities in access to destinations between different population groups. In this study, we challenge this disparity approach and propose an alternative: analyzing accessibility insufficiencies. We argue that disparity analyses fall short on two accounts. First, they are based on group averages that inherently hide in-group variation. Second, they compare acc…
Core versus periphery
Value dimensions of autonomous vehicle implementation through the Ethical Delphi
A metro smart card data-based analysis of group travel behaviour in Shanghai, China
Group travel behaviour widely exists in cities, but has not been well investigated by researchers. To fill this gap, this paper develops a co-existence-based methodological framework to systematically explore the spatiotemporal characteristics of group travel behaviour. We apply our framework to a case study of Shanghai, China, using a one-month tranche of metro smart card data. Results show that most travellers perform a small number of group tr…
Public values in the socio-technical construction of autonomous vehicle futures
This study argues that policymaking guided by public values can help to secure public benefit in technology implementation, for two reasons. Firstly, the emergence and deliberation over plural values can result in more publicly beneficial outcomes; secondly, public values establish the meaningful link between public interest and policy goals. We explore the value bases of arguments around the societal implementation of autonomous vehicles through…
Examining the performance of transit systems in large US metropolitan areas
Determining people’s ease and difficulty of movement based on observed travel behavior
This paper presents an approach to use GPS-based travel behavior surveys to determine who is being served well and who is being served poorly by the transport system. We draw on the extensive literature on travel behavior, which has shown that people’s travel behavior is at least in part shaped by the travel barriers they experience. Starting from this basic insight, we define 17 parameters that may provide insight into a person’s relative ease o…
Proximity-centred accessibility – A conceptual debate involving planning practitioners worldwide
In recent years, the concept of proximity has garnered increasing attention in both transportation research and practice, albeit under various terms and interpretations. Among these, the concept of the 15-minute city has catalysed attention in planning practice, with recent evolution to the x-minute city and city of proximities. In research, proximity-centred accessibility has been offered as an umbrella term to express the ability to reach activ…
Urban Transport and Accessibility (15 works) · Business (14 works) · Political science (13 works) · Economics (12 works) · Sociology (12 works) · Computer Science (11 works) · Engineering (11 works) · Geography (10 works) · Transport engineering (10 works) · Law (9 works)