Li Cai
Biographic Data
| ID | 4462895 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Li Cai |
| GIVEN NAMES | Li |
| FAMILY NAME | Cai |
| SIGNATURE | CAI L |
| AFFILIATIONS | Sun Yat-sen University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6098-1168 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 51 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 94 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 51 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2006 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Evaluation of Item Fit With Output From the EM Algorithm: RMSD Index Based on Posterior Expectations
In item response theory modeling, item fit analysis using posterior expectations, otherwise known as pseudocounts, has many advantages. They are readily obtained from the E-step output of the Bock–Aitkin Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm and continue to function as a basis of evaluating model fit, even when missing data are present. This paper aimed to improve the interpretability of the root mean squared deviation (RMSD) index based on pos…
Revealing the complex relationship between urbanization and soil erosion by water in China
Behind and beyond the languages: Public signage translation in a Yangtze Delta city in China
Ningbo, a coastal city in the Yangtze Delta in Eastern China, was one of the host cities of the 2023 Hangzhou Asian Games. In preparation for this major sports event, the project ‘Prepare for the Asian Games and Improve the English Translation for Public Signs’ was launched and funded by the foreign affairs bureau of the municipal government to improve public signage translation. This initiative is part of a broader city branding effort to presen…
Redefining the entrepreneurial ecosystem in China from a network-based view: A review and proposal for future research
Exploring the therapeutic potential of Chinese herbs on comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus and Parkinson's disease: A mechanistic study
Soil conservation efficiency and improvement potential of forestry sector in China during 2006 to 2018
Forests are essential in alleviating the environmental burden imposed by economic development, especially in reversing the exacerbated trend of land degradation in China over the years. However, the spatial divergences in forestry efficiency for soil-conservation services and its dynamic changes remain unclear at the national scale. In this study, we evaluated the relative forestry efficiency in soil conservation efforts and revealed its improvem…
Global environmental impacts of food system from regional shock: Russia-Ukraine war as an example
Different responses to external interference, such as regional conflict, could have distinct sustainability outcomes. Here, we developed a novel framework to examine global food shortages from the Russia-Ukraine conflict and quantify the embodied environmental impacts of disturbed and alternative food supply chains. The conflict could soon bring a 50–120 Mt shortage of nine dominant food products and cause temporal global cropland abandonment and…
Student identity in transnational higher education: International branch campuses versus Sino-foreign institutes
The research progress of Chikungunya fever
Chikungunya fever, an acute infectious disease caused by Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), is transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, with fever, rash, and joint pain as the main features. 1952, the first outbreak of Chikungunya fever was in Tanzania, Africa, and the virus was isolated in 1953. The epidemic has expanded from Africa to South Asia, the Indian Ocean islands and the Americas, and is now present in more than 100 countries and territories wo…
Spatial–Temporal Data Imputation Model of Traffic Passenger Flow Based on Grid Division
Traffic flows (e.g., the traffic of vehicles, passengers, and bikes) aim to reveal traffic flow phenomena generated by traffic participants in traffic activities. Various studies of traffic flows rely heavily on high-quality traffic data. The taxi GPS trajectory data are location data that include latitude, longitude, and time. These data are critical for traffic flow analysis, planning, infrastructure layout, and recommendations for urban reside…
An Explanatory Multidimensional Random Item Effects Rating Scale Model
Random item effects item response theory (IRT) models, which treat both person and item effects as random, have received much attention for more than a decade. The random item effects approach has several advantages in many practical settings. The present study introduced an explanatory multidimensional random item effects rating scale model. The proposed model was formulated under a novel parameterization of the nominal response model (NRM), and…
A random item effects generalized partial credit model with a multiple imputation-based scoring procedure
Association Between Ideal Cardiovascular Health and Executive Function in Chinese Primary School Children
Aims: Little information exists on the associations of cardiovascular health, a new metric proposed by the American Heart Association, and executive function, particularly in children. We aimed to explore this topic. Methods: We studied 3,798 children aged 6–12 years from 5 schools in Guangzhou, China. The executive function of children was evaluated using parent reports of the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function, which included 2 c…
From classroom learning environments to self-regulation: The mediating role of task value
A Study on the Psychological Attributes of Survivors Who Experienced Downsizing in China
This study aims to examine how perceived justice affects downsizing survivors' attitudes, from the psychological contract perspective. By using data collected through surveys from employees of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) who have recently survived layoffs, we examine the relationships between perceived justice, the survivors' psychological status, and their attitudes after downsizing. The hypothesis was verified through pat…
Association between the 24-hour movement guidelines and executive function among Chinese children
Meeting more recommendations of the 24-h movement guidelines was associated with superior EF in children. Specifically, more PA and healthy sleep duration should be encouraged to promote children's EF
The prevalence and characteristics of metabolic syndrome according to different definitions in China: A nationwide cross-sectional study, 2012–2015
The prevalence and characteristics of the MetS vary with the definition used in the Chinese population. The three MetS definitions are more consistent in men but relatively poor in women. On the other hand, even if estimated according to the definition of the lowest prevalence, MetS is common in China
Cognitive, Language, and Behavioral Outcomes in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders Exposed to Early Comprehensive Treatment Models: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression
Background: Early comprehensive treatment models (CTMs) have been developed as effective treatments for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Numerous studies have suggested that CTMs can improve short-term outcomes, but little is known about precise outcome information in childhood. The current meta-analysis reviewed studies reporting broader outcomes in children with ASD who had ever participated in a CTM and examined the predictors of …
Association between Physician-Diagnosed Asthma and Weight Status among Chinese Children: The Roles of Lifestyle Factors
Childhood asthma and obesity have posed a parallel epidemic over the past few decades. However, whether asthma diagnosis is associated with obesity, and what the roles of lifestyle factors play in this relationship, remained unclarified. This study aimed to investigate the association between asthma and weight status in Chinese children and explore the potential mediating and/or modifying roles of lifestyle factors in the association. In this cro…
Association of Reallocating Time in Different Intensities of Physical Activity with Weight Status Changes among Normal-Weight Chinese Children: A National Prospective Study
Background: Time spent in different intensity-specific physical activities is codependent, but the substitution effect of different activities on weight status changes in children remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the prospective association between reallocating time in different intensities of physical activity and weight status changes among Chinese children. Methods: A national sample of 15,100 normal-weight children aged 7-18 ye…
Improving Standard Error Estimates in Multistage Estimation: A Multiple Imputation (MI) Based Approach
"Improving Standard Error Estimates in Multistage Estimation: A Multiple Imputation (MI) Based Approach." Multivariate Behavioral Research, 54(1), p. 154
Alternative Multiple Imputation Inference for Categorical Structural Equation Modeling
The use of item responses from questionnaire data is ubiquitous in social science research. One side effect of using such data is that researchers must often account for item level missingness. Multiple imputation is one of the most widely used missing data handling techniques. The traditional multiple imputation approach in structural equation modeling has a number of limitations. Motivated by Lee and Cai's approach, we propose an alternative me…
A longitudinal study on starting teachers’ retention intentions: Do pre-teaching work experience and length of working years make a difference
Summed Score Likelihood–Based Indices for Testing Latent Variable Distribution Fit in Item Response Theory
In standard item response theory (IRT) applications, the latent variable is typically assumed to be normally distributed. If the normality assumption is violated, the item parameter estimates can become biased. Summed score likelihood–based statistics may be useful for testing latent variable distribution fit. We develop Satorra–Bentler type moment adjustments to approximate the test statistics’ tail-area probability. A simulation study was condu…
Alternative Multiple Imputation Inference for Categorical Structural Equation Modeling
"Alternative Multiple Imputation Inference for Categorical Structural Equation Modeling." Multivariate Behavioral Research, 53(1), p. 148
The Peer Context of Adolescent Substance Use: Findings from Social Network Analysis
To examine the peer context of adolescent substance use, social network analysis was used to measure three domains of attributes of peer networks: social embeddedness, social status, and social proximity to substance users. The sample was a panel of 5,104 sixth, seventh, and eighth graders in three public school systems surveyed every 6 months for five assessments. Hierarchical generalized linear models showed that adolescents less embedded in th…
Pooling data from multiple longitudinal studies: The role of item response theory in integrative data analysis
There are a number of significant challenges researchers encounter when studying development over an extended period of time, including subject attrition, the changing of measurement structures across groups and developmental periods, and the need to invest substantial time and money. Integrative data analysis is an emerging set of methodologies that allows researchers to overcome many of the challenges of single-sample designs through the poolin…
A longitudinal study on starting teachers’ retention intentions: Do pre-teaching work experience and length of working years make a difference
Student identity in transnational higher education: International branch campuses versus Sino-foreign institutes
Effectuation and causation in new internet venture growth: The mediating effect of resource bundling strategy
Purpose – Research on new internet venture growth is lacking. The purpose of this paper is to address the gap by developing and testing a theoretical model that links venturing principles (effectuation or causation) to new internet venture growth through resource bundling (pioneering or stabilizing). Design/methodology/approach – The proposed theoretical model is developed upon the entrepreneurship literature and resource-based view. Empirical da…
Testing differences between nested covariance structure models: Power analysis and null hypotheses.
For comparing nested covariance structure models, the standard procedure is the likelihood ratio test of the difference in fit, where the null hypothesis is that the models fit identically in the population. A procedure for determining statistical power of this test is presented where effect size is based on a specified difference in overall fit of the models. A modification of the standard null hypothesis of zero difference in fit is proposed al…
A Cautionary Note on Using G 2 (dif) to Assess Relative Model Fit in Categorical Data Analysis
The likelihood ratio test statistic G(2)(dif) is widely used for comparing the fit of nested models in categorical data analysis. In large samples, this statistic is distributed as a chi-square with degrees of freedom equal to the difference in degrees of freedom between the tested models, but only if the least restrictive model is correctly specified. Yet, this statistic is often used in applications without assessing the adequacy of the least r…
The Peer Context of Adolescent Substance Use: Findings from Social Network Analysis
To examine the peer context of adolescent substance use, social network analysis was used to measure three domains of attributes of peer networks: social embeddedness, social status, and social proximity to substance users. The sample was a panel of 5,104 sixth, seventh, and eighth graders in three public school systems surveyed every 6 months for five assessments. Hierarchical generalized linear models showed that adolescents less embedded in th…
Using heteroskedasticity-consistent standard error estimators in OLS regression: An introduction and software implementation
On Students' Strategy-Preferences for Managing Difficult Course Work
Course work plagiarism among university students is often attributed to ignorance about plagiarism or an assignment's level of difficulty. Students submit other people's work when they are unable to solve an assignment themselves. This study, based on 233 student responses from four cultural regions, investigates three aspects of academic dishonesty. First, the study identifies students' preferred strategies for managing perceptually too difficul…
Pooling data from multiple longitudinal studies: The role of item response theory in integrative data analysis
There are a number of significant challenges researchers encounter when studying development over an extended period of time, including subject attrition, the changing of measurement structures across groups and developmental periods, and the need to invest substantial time and money. Integrative data analysis is an emerging set of methodologies that allows researchers to overcome many of the challenges of single-sample designs through the poolin…
Covariance Structure Model Fit Testing Under Missing Data: An Application of the Supplemented EM Algorithm
We apply the Supplemented EM algorithm ( Meng & Rubin, 1991 ) to address a chronic problem with the "two-stage" fitting of covariance structure models in the presence of ignorable missing data: the lack of an asymptotically chi-square distributed goodness-of-fit statistic. We show that the Supplemented EM algorithm provides a convenient computational procedure that leads to such a chi-square statistic, and we provide a SAS macro implementing this…
Using the Nominal Response Model to Evaluate Response Category Discrimination in the PROMIS Emotional Distress Item Pools
The authors used a nominal response item response theory model to estimate category boundary discrimination (CBD) parameters for items drawn from the Emotional Distress item pools (Depression, Anxiety, and Anger) developed in the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information Systems (PROMIS) project. For polytomous items with ordered response categories, CBD parameters index the degree to which a particular dichotomous distinction (e.g., a re…
The king’s foot of patient-reported outcomes: Current practices and new developments for the measurement of change
There was a consensus that important research still needs to be performed in order develop and refine high-quality PRO measures and statistical methods to analyze and model change in PRO constructs
Characterizing Sources of Uncertainty in Item Response Theory Scale Scores
Traditional estimators of item response theory scale scores ignore uncertainty carried over from the item calibration process, which can lead to incorrect estimates of the standard errors of measurement (SEMs). Here, the authors review a variety of approaches that have been applied to this problem and compare them on the basis of their statistical methods and goals. They then elaborate on the particular flexibility and usefulness of a multiple im…
Numerical Differentiation Methods for Computing Error Covariance Matrices in Item Response Theory Modeling: An Evaluation and a New Proposal
In item response theory (IRT) modeling, the item parameter error covariance matrix plays a critical role define? in statistical inference procedures. When item parameters are estimated using the EM algorithm, the parameter error covariance matrix is not an automatic by-product of item calibration. Cai proposed the use of Supplemented EM algorithm for computing the item parameter error covariance matrix. This method has been subsequently implement…
The Langer-Improved Wald Test for DIF Testing With Multiple Groups: Evaluation and Comparison to Two-Group IRT
Differential item functioning (DIF) occurs when the probability of responding in a particular category to an item differs for members of different groups who are matched on the construct being measured. The identification of DIF is important for valid measurement. This research evaluates an improved version of Lord’s χ 2 Wald test for comparing item response model parameter estimates between two groups. The improved version uses better approaches…
A Comparison of Three IRT Approaches to Examinee Ability Change Modeling in a Single-Group Anchor Test Design
Typically a longitudinal growth modeling based on item response theory (IRT) requires repeated measures data from a single group with the same test design. If operational or item exposure problems are present, the same test may not be employed to collect data for longitudinal analyses and tests at multiple time points are constructed with unique item sets, as well as a set of common items (i.e., anchor test) for a study of examinee growth. In thi…
Estimation of a Ramsay-Curve Item Response Theory Model by the Metropolis–Hastings Robbins–Monro Algorithm
In Ramsay curve item response theory (RC-IRT) modeling, the shape of the latent trait distribution is estimated simultaneously with the item parameters. In its original implementation, RC-IRT is estimated via Bock and Aitkin’s EM algorithm, which yields maximum marginal likelihood estimates. This method, however, does not produce the parameter covariance matrix as an automatic byproduct on convergence. In turn, researchers are limited in when the…
A Comparison of Item Parameter Standard Error Estimation Procedures for Unidimensional and Multidimensional Item Response Theory Modeling
The present study was motivated by the recognition that standard errors ( SEs) of item response theory (IRT) model parameters are often of immediate interest to practitioners and that there is currently a lack of comparative research on different SE (or error variance–covariance matrix) estimation procedures. The present study investigated item parameter SEs based on three error variance–covariance matrix estimation procedures for unidimensional …
Evaluating Structural Equation Models for Categorical Outcomes: A New Test Statistic and a Practical Challenge of Interpretation
This research is concerned with two topics in assessing model fit for categorical data analysis. The first topic involves the application of a limited-information overall test, introduced in the item response theory literature, to structural equation modeling (SEM) of categorical outcome variables. Most popular SEM test statistics assess how well the model reproduces estimated polychoric correlations. In contrast, limited-information test statist…
A national school-based health lifestyles interventions among Chinese children and adolescents against obesity: Rationale, design and methodology of a randomized controlled trial in China
NCT02343588
Child and adolescent perceptions of oral health over the life course
The prevalence of obesity and influence of early life and behavioral factors on obesity in Chinese children in Guangzhou
The prevalence of overweight and obesity were high in Chinese children in Guangzhou, and both were higher than previous level in 2011. Further research should address the unhealthy dietary (e.g. SSBs intake, fast eating speed) and sedentary behaviors (e.g. doing homework) of these children. Moreover, an accurate perception of body weight can help promote the adoption of weight-loss practices in overweight and obese children
Metabolic syndrome and its associated early-life factors in children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study in Guangzhou, China
Objective The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in 7- to 17-year-old children and adolescents in China and to examine the relationship between MetS and its associated early-life factors. Design Data were collected using a standard parent/guardian questionnaire in a face-to-face interview. Each participant underwent a complete anthropometric evaluation. MetS was defined according to the criteria of the …
Effect of feeding pattern on infant illness in Chinese cities
Objective To investigate the effect of different feeding patterns on the occurrence of diseases among infants. Design Data on socio-economic status, feeding patterns before 6 months (exclusive breast-feeding (EBF); mixed feeding with breast milk and formula (MBF); exclusive formula-feeding (EFF)) and illness of infants were collected via face-to-face interviews. The proportions of infants who had ever been ill or hospitalized and their potential …
Effectuation and causation in new internet venture growth: The mediating effect of resource bundling strategy
Purpose – Research on new internet venture growth is lacking. The purpose of this paper is to address the gap by developing and testing a theoretical model that links venturing principles (effectuation or causation) to new internet venture growth through resource bundling (pioneering or stabilizing). Design/methodology/approach – The proposed theoretical model is developed upon the entrepreneurship literature and resource-based view. Empirical da…
On the Complexity of Item Response Theory Models
Complexity in item response theory (IRT) has traditionally been quantified by simply counting the number of freely estimated parameters in the model. However, complexity is also contingent upon the functional form of the model. We examined four popular IRT models-exploratory factor analytic, bifactor, DINA, and DINO-with different functional forms but the same number of free parameters. In comparison, a simpler (unidimensional 3PL) model was spec…
Global value chains in Africa and development of opportunities by poor landholders
In an effort to help address severe levels of poverty, multinational firms are increasingly seeking to include African smallholders in their global value chains (GVCs). Despite efforts of multinationals to provide such opportunities, the number of successful inclusions remains limited. We draw from the entrepreneurship domain to approach this important issue from an opportunity perspective. At the heart of our effort to develop a greater theoreti…
Summed Score Likelihood–Based Indices for Testing Latent Variable Distribution Fit in Item Response Theory
In standard item response theory (IRT) applications, the latent variable is typically assumed to be normally distributed. If the normality assumption is violated, the item parameter estimates can become biased. Summed score likelihood–based statistics may be useful for testing latent variable distribution fit. We develop Satorra–Bentler type moment adjustments to approximate the test statistics’ tail-area probability. A simulation study was condu…
Computer Science (22 works) · Statistics (21 works) · Mathematics (20 works) · Psychology (18 works) · Psychometric Methodologies and Testing (18 works) · Medicine (17 works) · Advanced Statistical Modeling Techniques (12 works) · Econometrics (12 works) · Item response theory (12 works) · Data mining (10 works)