Cleotilde González
Biographic Data
| ID | 4509348 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Cleotilde González |
| GIVEN NAMES | Cleotilde |
| FAMILY NAME | González |
| SIGNATURE | GONZÁLEZ C |
| AFFILIATIONS | Decision Sciences (United States) |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6244-2918 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 24 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 30 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 24 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1986 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Improving online anti-phishing training using cognitive large language models
Emergent cooperative decision-making in triadic Prisoner’s Dilemmas: Effects of incentives and information
While pairwise cooperation has been extensively studied through the Prisoner's Dilemma (PD), our understanding of how cooperation emerges in small groups remains limited. We extend the classic dyadic PD framework to a triadic framework, examining two sets of PD games per individual and how individual strategies and relationships aggregate to group cooperation. Through two experiments (N=519), we investigate: (1) how structural incentives shape co…
Building Human-Like Artificial Agents: A General Cognitive Algorithm for Emulating Human Decision-Making in Dynamic Environments
One of the early goals of artificial intelligence (AI) was to create algorithms that exhibited behavior indistinguishable from human behavior (i.e., human-like behavior). Today, AI has diverged, often aiming to excel in tasks inspired by human capabilities and outperform humans, rather than replicating human cogntion and action. In this paper, I explore the overarching question of whether computational algorithms have achieved this initial goal o…
Teaching agents to understand teamwork: Evaluating and predicting collective intelligence as a latent variable via Hidden Markov Models
Sampling in Judgment and Decision Making
Sampling approaches to judgment and decision making are distinct from traditional accounts in psychology and neuroscience. While these traditional accounts focus on limitations of the human mind as a major source of bounded rationality, the sampling approach originates in a broader cognitive-ecological perspective. It starts from the fundamental assumption that in order to understand intra-psychic cognitive processes one first has to understand t…
A Social Interpolation Model of Group Problem‐Solving
How do people use information from others to solve complex problems? Prior work has addressed this question by placing people in social learning situations where the problems they were asked to solve required varying degrees of exploration. This past work uncovered important interactions between groups' connectivity and the problem's complexity: the advantage of less connected networks over more connected networks increased as exploration was inc…
The impact of variability and prechoice experience on taking safety measures: The case of security updates
The goal of this research is to clarify the conditions that trigger reluctance to take cost‐effective safety measures. We present three experiments. In two of the experiments, the participants were asked to operate a simulated system for 20 periods, each with 10 trials. They could “update the system” to eliminate the risk of a “security failure” that led to a loss of 100 points. The updating cost was either fixed (at 10 points) or variable (initi…
The effects of motivation and memory on the weighting of reference prices
Maximizing Scales Do Not Reliably Predict Maximizing Behavior in Decisions from Experience
In this paper, we explore the relationships between psychometric and behavioral measures of maximization in decisions from experience (DfE). In two experiments, we measured choice behavior in two experimental paradigms of DfE and self‐reported maximizing tendencies using three prominent scales of maximization. In the repeated consequentialist choice paradigm, participants made repeated choices between two unlabeled options and received consequent…
The Influence of Time Estimation and Time‐Saving Preferences on Learning to Make Temporally Dependent Decisions from Experience
In this paper, we merge research related to experiential learning, temporal perception, and the value of time and money by examining decisions where the timing of action (response) determines the outcome received. We predicted that time‐saving preferences and impatience would decrease maximization (i.e., taking action when it returned the largest reward), and that the constraints of temporal perception would compound their effects. Across three s…
CyberWar Game: A Paradigm for Understanding New Challenges of Cyber War
Allais from Experience: Choice Consistency, Rare Events, and Common Consequences in Repeated Decisions
The Allais Paradox is a well‐known bias in which people's preferences result in contradictory choices between two normatively identical gamble pairs. Studies have shown that these preference reversals depend on how information is described and presented. In an experiment, we investigate the Allais gambles in several formats including an experiential paradigm, where participants make selections from two blank buttons and get an outcome as a result…
Developing trust: First impressions and experience
From Individual Decisions from Experience to Behavioral Game Theory: Lessons for Cybersecurity
The Description–Experience Gap in Risky and Ambiguous Gambles
Recent research in decision making reported a description–experience (DE) gap: opposite risky choices when decisions are made from descriptions (gambles in which probability distributions and outcomes are explicitly stated) and when decisions are made from experience (the knowledge of the gambles is obtained by sampling outcomes from unknown probability distributions before making a choice). The DE gap has been reported in gambles commonly involv…
A Description–Experience Gap in Social Interactions: Information about Interdependence and Its Effects on Cooperation
In social interactions, decision makers are often unaware of their interdependence with others, precluding the realization of shared long‐term benefits. In an experiment, pairs of participants played an Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma under various conditions involving differing levels of interdependence information. Each pair was assigned to one of four conditions: “No‐Info” players saw their own actions and outcomes, but were not told that they int…
Observed Variability and Values Matter: Toward a Better Understanding of Information Search and Decisions from Experience
The search for different options before making a consequential choice is a central aspect of many important decisions, such as mate selection or purchasing a house. Despite its importance, surprisingly little is known about how search and choice are affected by the observed and objective properties of the decision problem. Here, we analyze the effects of two key properties in a binary choice task: the options' observed and objective values, and t…
The effects of time delay in reciprocity games
Learning to Stand in the Other’s Shoes: A Computer Video Game Experience of the Israeli–Palestinian Conflict
We examined the role of experience, religion, and political affiliation in learning to resolve a conflict through the video game, PeaceMaker, which simulates the Israeli–Palestinian conflict by modeling the factors contributing to it. The hypothesis was that practice in the video game would diminish the initial effects of religious views and political affiliations on how people resolve the conflict within the game. Students played several rounds …
Reducing the Linear Perception of Nonlinearity: Use of a Physical Representation
Research shows that while judging accumulations of quantities over time (e.g., money in a bank account or CO 2 in Earth's atmosphere), people assume that the shape of the accumulation is similar to the shape of the inflow (i.e., people rely on a correlation heuristic). Relying on the correlation heuristic is particularly worrisome for Earth's climate, as judging the CO 2 accumulation according to its emissions (inflow) would underestimate the act…
Instance‐based Learning: A General Model of Repeated Binary Choice
A common practice in cognitive modeling is to develop new models specific to each particular task. We question this approach and draw on an existing theory, instance‐based learning theory (IBLT), to explain learning behavior in three different choice tasks. The same instance‐based learning model generalizes accurately to choices in a repeated binary choice task, in a probability learning task, and in a repeated binary choice task within a changin…
Why Do We Want to Delay Actions on Climate Change? Effects of Probability and Timing of Climate Consequences
This research tests people's support for the “wait‐and‐see” approach in climate change due to the uncertainty in both the timing and probability of future consequences. In a laboratory experiment, carbon‐tax consequences were presented to participants in one of two forms: a written description, where the probability, consequences, and timing were explicitly provided; and experience, where the probability, consequences, and timing were sampled thr…
The framing effect and risky decisions: Examining cognitive functions with fMRI
The effect of the floods caused by "El Niño" on health
Developing trust: First impressions and experience
The effects of time delay in reciprocity games
The framing effect and risky decisions: Examining cognitive functions with fMRI
Learning to Stand in the Other’s Shoes: A Computer Video Game Experience of the Israeli–Palestinian Conflict
We examined the role of experience, religion, and political affiliation in learning to resolve a conflict through the video game, PeaceMaker, which simulates the Israeli–Palestinian conflict by modeling the factors contributing to it. The hypothesis was that practice in the video game would diminish the initial effects of religious views and political affiliations on how people resolve the conflict within the game. Students played several rounds …
Allais from Experience: Choice Consistency, Rare Events, and Common Consequences in Repeated Decisions
The Allais Paradox is a well‐known bias in which people's preferences result in contradictory choices between two normatively identical gamble pairs. Studies have shown that these preference reversals depend on how information is described and presented. In an experiment, we investigate the Allais gambles in several formats including an experiential paradigm, where participants make selections from two blank buttons and get an outcome as a result…
Observed Variability and Values Matter: Toward a Better Understanding of Information Search and Decisions from Experience
The search for different options before making a consequential choice is a central aspect of many important decisions, such as mate selection or purchasing a house. Despite its importance, surprisingly little is known about how search and choice are affected by the observed and objective properties of the decision problem. Here, we analyze the effects of two key properties in a binary choice task: the options' observed and objective values, and t…
The impact of variability and prechoice experience on taking safety measures: The case of security updates
The goal of this research is to clarify the conditions that trigger reluctance to take cost‐effective safety measures. We present three experiments. In two of the experiments, the participants were asked to operate a simulated system for 20 periods, each with 10 trials. They could “update the system” to eliminate the risk of a “security failure” that led to a loss of 100 points. The updating cost was either fixed (at 10 points) or variable (initi…
The effects of motivation and memory on the weighting of reference prices
The Description–Experience Gap in Risky and Ambiguous Gambles
Recent research in decision making reported a description–experience (DE) gap: opposite risky choices when decisions are made from descriptions (gambles in which probability distributions and outcomes are explicitly stated) and when decisions are made from experience (the knowledge of the gambles is obtained by sampling outcomes from unknown probability distributions before making a choice). The DE gap has been reported in gambles commonly involv…
A Description–Experience Gap in Social Interactions: Information about Interdependence and Its Effects on Cooperation
In social interactions, decision makers are often unaware of their interdependence with others, precluding the realization of shared long‐term benefits. In an experiment, pairs of participants played an Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma under various conditions involving differing levels of interdependence information. Each pair was assigned to one of four conditions: “No‐Info” players saw their own actions and outcomes, but were not told that they int…
Reducing the Linear Perception of Nonlinearity: Use of a Physical Representation
Research shows that while judging accumulations of quantities over time (e.g., money in a bank account or CO 2 in Earth's atmosphere), people assume that the shape of the accumulation is similar to the shape of the inflow (i.e., people rely on a correlation heuristic). Relying on the correlation heuristic is particularly worrisome for Earth's climate, as judging the CO 2 accumulation according to its emissions (inflow) would underestimate the act…
Instance‐based Learning: A General Model of Repeated Binary Choice
A common practice in cognitive modeling is to develop new models specific to each particular task. We question this approach and draw on an existing theory, instance‐based learning theory (IBLT), to explain learning behavior in three different choice tasks. The same instance‐based learning model generalizes accurately to choices in a repeated binary choice task, in a probability learning task, and in a repeated binary choice task within a changin…
Why Do We Want to Delay Actions on Climate Change? Effects of Probability and Timing of Climate Consequences
This research tests people's support for the “wait‐and‐see” approach in climate change due to the uncertainty in both the timing and probability of future consequences. In a laboratory experiment, carbon‐tax consequences were presented to participants in one of two forms: a written description, where the probability, consequences, and timing were explicitly provided; and experience, where the probability, consequences, and timing were sampled thr…
The effect of the floods caused by "El Niño" on health
The framing effect and risky decisions: Examining cognitive functions with fMRI
Instance‐based Learning: A General Model of Repeated Binary Choice
A common practice in cognitive modeling is to develop new models specific to each particular task. We question this approach and draw on an existing theory, instance‐based learning theory (IBLT), to explain learning behavior in three different choice tasks. The same instance‐based learning model generalizes accurately to choices in a repeated binary choice task, in a probability learning task, and in a repeated binary choice task within a changin…
Why Do We Want to Delay Actions on Climate Change? Effects of Probability and Timing of Climate Consequences
This research tests people's support for the “wait‐and‐see” approach in climate change due to the uncertainty in both the timing and probability of future consequences. In a laboratory experiment, carbon‐tax consequences were presented to participants in one of two forms: a written description, where the probability, consequences, and timing were explicitly provided; and experience, where the probability, consequences, and timing were sampled thr…
Reducing the Linear Perception of Nonlinearity: Use of a Physical Representation
Research shows that while judging accumulations of quantities over time (e.g., money in a bank account or CO 2 in Earth's atmosphere), people assume that the shape of the accumulation is similar to the shape of the inflow (i.e., people rely on a correlation heuristic). Relying on the correlation heuristic is particularly worrisome for Earth's climate, as judging the CO 2 accumulation according to its emissions (inflow) would underestimate the act…
Learning to Stand in the Other’s Shoes: A Computer Video Game Experience of the Israeli–Palestinian Conflict
We examined the role of experience, religion, and political affiliation in learning to resolve a conflict through the video game, PeaceMaker, which simulates the Israeli–Palestinian conflict by modeling the factors contributing to it. The hypothesis was that practice in the video game would diminish the initial effects of religious views and political affiliations on how people resolve the conflict within the game. Students played several rounds …
From Individual Decisions from Experience to Behavioral Game Theory: Lessons for Cybersecurity
The Description–Experience Gap in Risky and Ambiguous Gambles
Recent research in decision making reported a description–experience (DE) gap: opposite risky choices when decisions are made from descriptions (gambles in which probability distributions and outcomes are explicitly stated) and when decisions are made from experience (the knowledge of the gambles is obtained by sampling outcomes from unknown probability distributions before making a choice). The DE gap has been reported in gambles commonly involv…
A Description–Experience Gap in Social Interactions: Information about Interdependence and Its Effects on Cooperation
In social interactions, decision makers are often unaware of their interdependence with others, precluding the realization of shared long‐term benefits. In an experiment, pairs of participants played an Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma under various conditions involving differing levels of interdependence information. Each pair was assigned to one of four conditions: “No‐Info” players saw their own actions and outcomes, but were not told that they int…
Observed Variability and Values Matter: Toward a Better Understanding of Information Search and Decisions from Experience
The search for different options before making a consequential choice is a central aspect of many important decisions, such as mate selection or purchasing a house. Despite its importance, surprisingly little is known about how search and choice are affected by the observed and objective properties of the decision problem. Here, we analyze the effects of two key properties in a binary choice task: the options' observed and objective values, and t…
The effects of time delay in reciprocity games
Developing trust: First impressions and experience
CyberWar Game: A Paradigm for Understanding New Challenges of Cyber War
Allais from Experience: Choice Consistency, Rare Events, and Common Consequences in Repeated Decisions
The Allais Paradox is a well‐known bias in which people's preferences result in contradictory choices between two normatively identical gamble pairs. Studies have shown that these preference reversals depend on how information is described and presented. In an experiment, we investigate the Allais gambles in several formats including an experiential paradigm, where participants make selections from two blank buttons and get an outcome as a result…
Maximizing Scales Do Not Reliably Predict Maximizing Behavior in Decisions from Experience
In this paper, we explore the relationships between psychometric and behavioral measures of maximization in decisions from experience (DfE). In two experiments, we measured choice behavior in two experimental paradigms of DfE and self‐reported maximizing tendencies using three prominent scales of maximization. In the repeated consequentialist choice paradigm, participants made repeated choices between two unlabeled options and received consequent…
The Influence of Time Estimation and Time‐Saving Preferences on Learning to Make Temporally Dependent Decisions from Experience
In this paper, we merge research related to experiential learning, temporal perception, and the value of time and money by examining decisions where the timing of action (response) determines the outcome received. We predicted that time‐saving preferences and impatience would decrease maximization (i.e., taking action when it returned the largest reward), and that the constraints of temporal perception would compound their effects. Across three s…
The effects of motivation and memory on the weighting of reference prices
The impact of variability and prechoice experience on taking safety measures: The case of security updates
The goal of this research is to clarify the conditions that trigger reluctance to take cost‐effective safety measures. We present three experiments. In two of the experiments, the participants were asked to operate a simulated system for 20 periods, each with 10 trials. They could “update the system” to eliminate the risk of a “security failure” that led to a loss of 100 points. The updating cost was either fixed (at 10 points) or variable (initi…
A Social Interpolation Model of Group Problem‐Solving
How do people use information from others to solve complex problems? Prior work has addressed this question by placing people in social learning situations where the problems they were asked to solve required varying degrees of exploration. This past work uncovered important interactions between groups' connectivity and the problem's complexity: the advantage of less connected networks over more connected networks increased as exploration was inc…
Teaching agents to understand teamwork: Evaluating and predicting collective intelligence as a latent variable via Hidden Markov Models
Sampling in Judgment and Decision Making
Sampling approaches to judgment and decision making are distinct from traditional accounts in psychology and neuroscience. While these traditional accounts focus on limitations of the human mind as a major source of bounded rationality, the sampling approach originates in a broader cognitive-ecological perspective. It starts from the fundamental assumption that in order to understand intra-psychic cognitive processes one first has to understand t…
Building Human-Like Artificial Agents: A General Cognitive Algorithm for Emulating Human Decision-Making in Dynamic Environments
One of the early goals of artificial intelligence (AI) was to create algorithms that exhibited behavior indistinguishable from human behavior (i.e., human-like behavior). Today, AI has diverged, often aiming to excel in tasks inspired by human capabilities and outperform humans, rather than replicating human cogntion and action. In this paper, I explore the overarching question of whether computational algorithms have achieved this initial goal o…
Emergent cooperative decision-making in triadic Prisoner’s Dilemmas: Effects of incentives and information
While pairwise cooperation has been extensively studied through the Prisoner's Dilemma (PD), our understanding of how cooperation emerges in small groups remains limited. We extend the classic dyadic PD framework to a triadic framework, examining two sets of PD games per individual and how individual strategies and relationships aggregate to group cooperation. Through two experiments (N=519), we investigate: (1) how structural incentives shape co…
Improving online anti-phishing training using cognitive large language models
Psychology (17 works) · Computer Science (15 works) · Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics (11 works) · Economics (10 works) · Social Psychology (10 works) · Social Psychology (10 works) · Cognitive psychology (9 works) · Artificial Intelligence (8 works) · Mathematics (7 works) · Microeconomics (7 works)