Philippe Huneman
Biographic Data
| ID | 460228 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Philippe Huneman |
| GIVEN NAMES | Philippe |
| FAMILY NAME | Huneman |
| SIGNATURE | HUNEMAN P |
| AFFILIATIONS | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7789-6197 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 47 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 74 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 43 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 4 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1998 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
The Chicago school of ecology’s evolutionary superorganism and the clements-wright connection
Organicism" often refers to the idea that ecosystems or communities are, or are like, organisms. Often implicit in early twentieth century, it has been theorized by Clements, relying on physiological and developmental concepts. I investigate the fate of this idea in major attempts of a theoretical synthesis of ecology in the first part of the twentieth century. I first consider Bioecology (1939), by Clements and Shelford, which elaborates clement…
What kind of epistemology for network analyses
Network models are pervading ecology, genomics, epidemiology, as well as social science and neurosciences. In this paper, I survey the uses of network analysis in biological and social sciences, distinguishing between various jobs they can fulfill. I explore the various methods based on network analysis. I argue that in many cases they are indeed explanations, such explanations being “topological explanations”, which in turn is a subkind of struc…
Que font les humanités numériques aux sciences dites humaines
Les humanités sont affectées massivement par les nouveaux outils numériques, recueil de données comme traitement algorithmique de ces données. Au-delà des facilités de stockage de textes et de navigation dans des corpus, dans quelle mesure le tournant digital transforme-t-il les humanités ? Dans cet article, je m’appuierai sur le constat précédemment dressé dans Les sociétés du profilage (Huneman, 2023) du glissement d’une épistémologie plutôt ca…
Traduire les sciences: Incommensurabilité, épistémés, paradigmes
En introduisant les notions de paradigme et de révolutions scientifiques comme « changements de paradigme », l’historien des sciences Thomas Kuhn mit en lumière une certaine incommensurabilité des théories scientifiques à travers le temps. L’opération superficiellement simple de traduire les énoncés d’une théorie ancienne dans la science présente s’avère alors plus difficile qu’une simple extraction des éléments déjà corrects dans la théorie préc…
Le besoin et la niche écologique: Biologie Et Sciences Sociales Dans L’anthropocène
Même s’il existe des inégalités environnementales, la crise écologique concerne l’espèce humaine dans son ensemble. Elle suppose de ce fait l’élaboration d’un concept d’espèce à ce jour absent du répertoire théorique des sciences sociales. Cet article a pour objectif de contribuer à cette élaboration. Pour cela, il s’interrogera sur les liens entre deux concepts : l’un issu des sciences sociales, et en particulier du marxisme, le concept de besoi…
Evolutionary Thinking Across Disciplines: Problems and Perspectives in Generalized Darwinism
Evolutionary Thinking Across Disciplines: Problems and Perspectives in Generalized Darwinism
Entre les légumes et les poissons: Des genres naturels en sciences biologiques
La question qu'on nomme aujourd'hui des « genres naturels » en métaphysique porte sur les « jointures » du monde : quelles classes de choses constituent le monde et existent réellement ? Si nominalistes et réalistes s'opposent depuis longtemps sur la possibilité même de répondre à cette question, les sciences modernes proposent des découpages en genres naturels qui contrastent souvent avec l'image naturelle du monde. Cet article se concentre sur …
Why: The Philosophy Behind the Question
A philosopher explores the many dimensions of a beguilingly simple question. Why did triceratops have horns? Why did World War I occur? Why does Romeo love Juliet? And, most importantly, why ask why? Through an analysis of these questions and others, philosopher Philippe Huneman describes the different meanings of "why," and how those meanings can, and should (or should not), be conflated. As Huneman outlines, there are three basic meanings of wh…
Death: Perspectives from the Philosophy of Biology
In this monograph Philippe Huneman addresses several key issues in the biological study of death, offering a philosophical account of the field
Keywords in Economics and Evolutionary Biology: Twenty Five Concepts
From Evolutionary Biology to Economics and Back: Parallels and Crossings between Economics and Evolution
À la recherche des causes perdues
Un auteur a changé ma vie
L’activité débilitante de la science contemporaine
Postcript 2
Biology is very generally understood as any scientific reflection on living phenomena–so there is a biology of Aristotle, of Galen, of Harvey. Focusing on chemistry makes salient a paradox that is often overlooked by the histories of the emergence of biology, which are often concerned by the process through which biology became independent from ‘physico-chemistry’ or ‘the science of matter’. Metabolism arguably concerns biological organization. J…
The Modern Synthesis: Theoretical or Institutional Event?
Revisiting darwinian teleology: A case for inclusive fitness as design explanation
Diversifying the picture of explanations in biological sciences: Ways of combining topology with mechanisms
Realizability and the varieties of explanation
Neutral Spaces and Topological Explanations in Evolutionary Biology: Lessons from Some Landscapes and Mappings
I consider recent uses of the notion of neutrality in evolutionary biology and ecology, questioning their relevance to the kind of explanation recently labeled ‘topological explanation’. Focusing on fitness landscapes and genotype-phenotype maps, I explore the explanatory uses of neutral subspaces, as modeled in two perspectives: hyperdimensional fitness landscapes and RNA sequence-structure maps. I argue that topological properties of such space…
From a religious view of madness to religious mania: The Encyclopédie , Pinel, Esquirol
This paper focuses on the shift from a concept of insanity understood in terms of religion to another (as entertained by early psychiatry, especially in France) according to which it is believed that forms of madness tinged by religion are difficult to cure. The traditional religious view of madness, as exemplified by Pascal (inter alia), is first illustrated by entries from the Encyclopédie. Then the shift towards a medical view of madness, insp…
The behavioural ecology of irrational behaviours
Time of Nature and the Nature of Time
Evolutionary Theory in Philosophical Focus
Topological explanations and robustness in biological sciences
Diversifying the picture of explanations in biological sciences: Ways of combining topology with mechanisms
Montpellier Vitalism and the Emergence of Alienism in France (1750-1800): The Case of the Passions
ArgumentThis paper considers how certain ideas elaborated by the Montpellier vitalists influenced the rise of French alienism, and how those ideas framed the changing view of passions during the eighteenth century. Various kinds of evidence attest that the passions progressively became the focus of medical attention, rather than a theme specific to moralists and philosophers. Vitalism conceived of organisms as animal economies understandable thro…
Naturalising purpose: From comparative anatomy to the ‘adventure of reason’
Time of Nature and the Nature of Time
Realizability and the varieties of explanation
Écrire le cas - Pinel aliéniste
pathologie -et l'individuel -tel individu malade et son histoire; entre l'ordre du visible constitué par les symptômes, et l'ordre invisible des signifiés de ces symptômes, comme de l'étiologie qui doit expliquer cet invisible.La configuration de la médecine, en une époque donnée, se reconnaît et se comprend aussi à la manière dont l'usage du cas clinique effectue cette double articulation.Ainsi, le discours sur le cas est rien moins que naturel,…
Determinism, predictability and open-ended evolution: Lessons from computational emergence
Emergence Made Ontological? Computational versus Combinatorial Approaches
I challenge the usual approach of defining emergence in terms of properties of wholes “emerging” upon properties of parts. This approach indeed fails to meet the requirement of nontriviality, since it renders a bunch of ordinary properties emergent; however, by defining emergence as the incompressibility of a simulation process, we have an objective meaning of emergence because the difference between the processes satisfying the incompressibility…
Bichat: La vie et la mort
Cette édition numérique a été réalisée à partir d’un support physique, parfois ancien, conservé au sein du dépôt légal de la Bibliothèque nationale de France, conformément à la loi n° 2012-287 du 1er mars 2012 relative à l’exploitation des Livres indisponibles du XXe siècle
Mapping an expanding territory: Computer simulations in evolutionary biology
Introduction: The plurality of modeling
Bichat: La vie et la mort
Cette édition numérique a été réalisée à partir d’un support physique, parfois ancien, conservé au sein du dépôt légal de la Bibliothèque nationale de France, conformément à la loi n° 2012-287 du 1er mars 2012 relative à l’exploitation des Livres indisponibles du XXe siècle
Critique et dialectique: La critique de la faculté de Juger dans les traces d'Aristote
From the Critique of judgment to the hermeneutics of nature: Sketching the fate of philosophy of nature after Kant
Naturalising purpose: From comparative anatomy to the ‘adventure of reason’
Mutations et neutralisme: Les Vies Successives Du Darwinisme
Evolutionary Theory in Philosophical Focus
Understanding Purpose: Kant and the Philosophy of Biology
Titles, Uses and Instructions of Use: The Status of Intention in Art and Artefacts
Emergence Made Ontological? Computational versus Combinatorial Approaches
I challenge the usual approach of defining emergence in terms of properties of wholes “emerging” upon properties of parts. This approach indeed fails to meet the requirement of nontriviality, since it renders a bunch of ordinary properties emergent; however, by defining emergence as the incompressibility of a simulation process, we have an objective meaning of emergence because the difference between the processes satisfying the incompressibility…
Montpellier Vitalism and the Emergence of Alienism in France (1750-1800): The Case of the Passions
ArgumentThis paper considers how certain ideas elaborated by the Montpellier vitalists influenced the rise of French alienism, and how those ideas framed the changing view of passions during the eighteenth century. Various kinds of evidence attest that the passions progressively became the focus of medical attention, rather than a theme specific to moralists and philosophers. Vitalism conceived of organisms as animal economies understandable thro…
L'individualité biologique et la mort
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Topological explanations and robustness in biological sciences
Les mondes darwiniens, Volume 2: L'évolution de l'évolution
Les mondes darwiniens. Volume 2
1809 : Naissance de Charles R. Darwin. 1859 : Parution de L’Origine des espèces. 2009 : Cent cinquante ans plus tard, la théorie darwinienne de l’évolution reste le paradigme dominant de la biologie et de la paléontologie. Elle prouve sa fécondité et sa puissance explicative dans de très nombreux domaines. Pourtant, dans cet ouvrage, pas question d’un fétichisme de Darwin, mais d’un examen attentif du domaine de validité épistémologique et expéri…
Determinism, predictability and open-ended evolution: Lessons from computational emergence
From Groups to Individuals: Evolution and Emerging Individuality
Assessing statistical views of natural selection: Room for non-local causation
Écrire le cas - Pinel aliéniste
pathologie -et l'individuel -tel individu malade et son histoire; entre l'ordre du visible constitué par les symptômes, et l'ordre invisible des signifiés de ces symptômes, comme de l'étiologie qui doit expliquer cet invisible.La configuration de la médecine, en une époque donnée, se reconnaît et se comprend aussi à la manière dont l'usage du cas clinique effectue cette double articulation.Ainsi, le discours sur le cas est rien moins que naturel,…
Evolutionary Theory in Philosophical Focus
Mapping an expanding territory: Computer simulations in evolutionary biology
Introduction: The plurality of modeling
Evolutionary Theory in Philosophical Focus
Redesigning theargument from design
L’articolo mette in discussione gli del che inferivano dalle funzioni degli organismi, dalle loro strutture o dal loro adattarsi all’ambiente, il fatto che fossero stati progettati da un architetto intelligente. Questi argomenti sono molto antichi e hanno pervaso la filosofia e la storia naturale sin dall’antichita. Ogni loro versione connette in qualche modo le funzioni, le strutture e la complessita con la casualita e la bassa probabilita. Darw…
From a religious view of madness to religious mania: The Encyclopédie , Pinel, Esquirol
This paper focuses on the shift from a concept of insanity understood in terms of religion to another (as entertained by early psychiatry, especially in France) according to which it is believed that forms of madness tinged by religion are difficult to cure. The traditional religious view of madness, as exemplified by Pascal (inter alia), is first illustrated by entries from the Encyclopédie. Then the shift towards a medical view of madness, insp…
The behavioural ecology of irrational behaviours
Philosophy (31 works) · Epistemology (23 works) · Computer Science (22 works) · Philosophy and History of Science (15 works) · Philosophy (14 works) · Sociology (12 works) · Biology (11 works) · Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation (11 works) · Psychology (11 works) · Evolution and Genetic Dynamics (8 works)