Erin Freiburger
Biographic Data
| ID | 4621282 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Erin Freiburger |
| GIVEN NAMES | Erin |
| FAMILY NAME | Freiburger |
| SIGNATURE | FREIBURGER E |
| AFFILIATIONS | Indiana University Bloomington |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4894-5279 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 5 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 5 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Linking structural and psychological adultification: Role inferences underlie adultifying beliefs about Black girls
Findings provide causal evidence that observing structural adultification contributes to psychological adultification. When Black or White girls occupy high-responsibility roles, they are perceived as older and inferred to possess more adultlike traits. These results highlight the role of social expectations in shaping racialized perceptions of childhood. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved)
Punching Down: People Justify More Police Force Against Lower-Than Higher-SES Male Civilians
Understanding socioeconomic status (SES)-based stereotyping and discrimination is imperative but is seldom focal to intergroup relations research in social psychology. In the present work, we examine how people differentially justify police force across civilians’ SES. Across three experiments, we found that perceivers justify more police force to regulate the behavior of lower-SES than higher-SES men. These SES-based biases remain even when hold…
A Race-Based Size Bias for Black Adolescent Boys: Size, Innocence, and Threat
We adopted an intersectional stereotyping lens to investigate whether race-based size bias—the tendency to judge Black men as larger than White men—extends to adolescents. Participants judged Black boys as taller than White boys, despite no real size differences (Studies 1A and 1B), and even when boys were matched in age (Study 1B). The size bias persisted when participants viewed computer-generated faces that varied only in apparent race (Study …
Social Class and Social Pain: Target SES Biases Judgments of Pain and Support for White Target Individuals
Social pain, defined as distress caused by negative interpersonal experiences (e.g., ostracism, mistreatment), is detrimental to health. Yet, it is unclear how social class might shape judgments of the social pains of low-socioeconomic status (SES) and high-SES individuals. Five studies tested competing toughness and empathy predictions for SES’s effect on social pain judgments. Consistent with an empathy account, in all studies ( N cumulative = …
The impact of the Covid‐19 pandemic on first‐generation women test‐takers: Magnifying adversities, stress, and consequences for bar exam performance
By magnifying gender‐ and socioeconomic status‐based inequalities, the COVID‐19 pandemic caused stress and disrupted career progress for professional students. The present work investigated the impact of pandemic‐related stress and prevailing barriers on structurally disadvantaged women preparing for a high‐stakes professional exam. In Study 1, we found that among US law students preparing for the October 2020 California Bar Exam—the professional…
The impact of the Covid‐19 pandemic on first‐generation women test‐takers: Magnifying adversities, stress, and consequences for bar exam performance
By magnifying gender‐ and socioeconomic status‐based inequalities, the COVID‐19 pandemic caused stress and disrupted career progress for professional students. The present work investigated the impact of pandemic‐related stress and prevailing barriers on structurally disadvantaged women preparing for a high‐stakes professional exam. In Study 1, we found that among US law students preparing for the October 2020 California Bar Exam—the professional…
The impact of the Covid‐19 pandemic on first‐generation women test‐takers: Magnifying adversities, stress, and consequences for bar exam performance
By magnifying gender‐ and socioeconomic status‐based inequalities, the COVID‐19 pandemic caused stress and disrupted career progress for professional students. The present work investigated the impact of pandemic‐related stress and prevailing barriers on structurally disadvantaged women preparing for a high‐stakes professional exam. In Study 1, we found that among US law students preparing for the October 2020 California Bar Exam—the professional…
A Race-Based Size Bias for Black Adolescent Boys: Size, Innocence, and Threat
We adopted an intersectional stereotyping lens to investigate whether race-based size bias—the tendency to judge Black men as larger than White men—extends to adolescents. Participants judged Black boys as taller than White boys, despite no real size differences (Studies 1A and 1B), and even when boys were matched in age (Study 1B). The size bias persisted when participants viewed computer-generated faces that varied only in apparent race (Study …
Social Class and Social Pain: Target SES Biases Judgments of Pain and Support for White Target Individuals
Social pain, defined as distress caused by negative interpersonal experiences (e.g., ostracism, mistreatment), is detrimental to health. Yet, it is unclear how social class might shape judgments of the social pains of low-socioeconomic status (SES) and high-SES individuals. Five studies tested competing toughness and empathy predictions for SES’s effect on social pain judgments. Consistent with an empathy account, in all studies ( N cumulative = …
Punching Down: People Justify More Police Force Against Lower-Than Higher-SES Male Civilians
Understanding socioeconomic status (SES)-based stereotyping and discrimination is imperative but is seldom focal to intergroup relations research in social psychology. In the present work, we examine how people differentially justify police force across civilians’ SES. Across three experiments, we found that perceivers justify more police force to regulate the behavior of lower-SES than higher-SES men. These SES-based biases remain even when hold…
Linking structural and psychological adultification: Role inferences underlie adultifying beliefs about Black girls
Findings provide causal evidence that observing structural adultification contributes to psychological adultification. When Black or White girls occupy high-responsibility roles, they are perceived as older and inferred to possess more adultlike traits. These results highlight the role of social expectations in shaping racialized perceptions of childhood. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved)
Psychology (3 works) · Medicine (2 works) · Social Psychology (2 works) · Socioeconomic status (2 works) · Clinical Psychology (1 works) · Coping (psychology) (1 works) · Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 (1 works) · Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion (1 works) · Developmental psychology (1 works) · Disadvantaged (1 works)