Gordon E O’Brien
Biographic Data
| ID | 4981536 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Gordon E O’Brien |
| GIVEN NAMES | Gordon E |
| FAMILY NAME | O’Brien |
| SIGNATURE | O’BRIEN G E |
| AFFILIATIONS | Flinders University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 18 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 82 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 18 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1967 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1990 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
The relative effects of unemployment and quality of employment on the affect, work values and personal control of adolescents
This study examined the relative effects of unemployment and quality of employment on the affective states, personal control and work values of school‐leavers. Initially, students were surveyed at school and then reassessed two years later when they were either unemployed, employed or continuing their education. Those in employment were categorized as being in good or poor employment on the basis of the degree to which their jobs allowed them to …
Psychology of Work and Unemployment
This book is directed at industrial psychologists, human resource managers, consultants and social scientists interested in the psychological effect of employment and unemployment on people. It is an integration of research and theories about this effect. As far as employment is concerned it emphasizes that a significant number of employees have jobs which do not fully use their skills or provide personal satisfaction, and that the long term effe…
Looking for employment: An expectancy-valence analysis of job-seeking behaviour among young people
Frequency of job seeking was investigated in a study of 320 young unemployed men and women in Adelaide, South Australia. Subscales defining each person's expectation of finding a job (control-optimism) and the perceived attractiveness or desirability of employment (job valence) were constructed on the basis of a factor analysis. It was predicted that job-seeking behaviour would be positively related to the expectation and valence measures both si…
The relationship between skill utilization, professional orientation and job satisfaction for pharmacists
Technological changes in the manufacture of drugs have caused community pharmacists to lose control over the use of their specialized knowledge. The study described here sought to examine the consequences of these structural changes for pharmacists' perceptions of their skill utilization, job influence and job satisfaction. It was predicted that the job satisfaction‐job attribute relationship for pharmacists would be moderated by their profession…
A longitudinal study of the effects of employment and unemployment on school‐leavers
The effects of employment and unemployment were investigated in a longitudinal study involving large samples of school‐leavers from State high schools in metropolitan Adelaide. The study was also designed to control for possible testing and societal effects. A wide range of variables was investigated that included measures of self‐concept (perceived competence, positive attitude, depressive affect, power, activity, and anger), values (desired ski…
Stress and the Leisure Needs and Activities of Different Occupations
This study examined the association between stress and the leisure needs and activities of four occupational groups: professional, managerial, clerical, and trades. It was found that stress was associated with passive/recuperative leisure needs and activities among managerial employees. Professionals also showed evidence of a correlation between stress and leisure needs and activities which revealed a partly recuperative, partly active-compensato…
Distortion in Unemployment Research: The Early Studies of Bakke and Their Implications for Current Research on Employment and Unemployment
Contemporary research on unemployment has neglected the early writings of Bakke in preference to the psychological deprivation model first outlined by Jahoda, Lazarsfeld, and Zeisel (1933) and elaborated later by Jahoda (1979, 1981, 1982). Furthermore, Bakke has been inaccurately classified as a writer who maintained that unemployment led to an inevitable decline in the personal adjustment of the unemployed. A brief review of Bakke's writings ind…
Professional and academic training in organizational psychology
Many advocates of a new professional degree argue that present degrees offered by the universities are unsatisfactory for the training of organizational psychologists who plan to work in non-academic settings. The arguments supporting professional degrees assume firstly, that psychological knowledge is mature enough for application, secondly, that there are strong overseas precedents for such degrees, and thirdly, that new degrees are necessary i…
The Relative Contribution of Perceived Skill-Utilization and Other Perceived Job Attributes to the Prediction of Job Satisfaction: A Cross-Validation Study
With a representative sample of 1383 Adelaide employees it was found, using simple multiple regression, that job satisfaction was significantly predicted by the perceived job attributes of skill-utilization, influence, variety, pressure, and interaction. For the total sample, skill-utilization was the strongest predictor of job satisfaction. In order to measure the degree of over-estimation of R 2 , a double cross-validation of the data was condu…
Australian norms and factor analysis of rotter's internal-external control scale
Rotter's internal/external control scale (I/E) was administered to a representative sample of 1473 households in metropolitan Adelaide. Within each household all persons 14 years old and over completed the scale. Means, norms and standard deviations were presented for the total sample as well as sub-samples of employees, students, housewives, unemployed and retirees. Tables showing the variation of I/E scores with age, education, nationality and …
Age and job satisfaction
Previous research has consistently shown a small positive correlation between age and job satisfaction. This correlation could result from influences associated with aging or cohort membership or both. These possible explanations were tested using a representative 1/2% sample of employees in metropolitan Adelaide. From interviews/questionnaires, measures were obtained of variables associated with aging (skill-utilization, influence, variety and i…
The effects of congruency between perceived and desired job attributes upon job satisfaction
The main aim of the study was to investigate whether job satisfaction was more strongly associated with congruency between desired and perceived job attributes than with job attributes alone. The perceived and desired job attributes of skill‐utilization, influence, variety, pressure and social interaction were measured for a cluster sample of 1383 employees in metropolitan Adelaide. The sample was a representative one with respect to occupation, …
Comparison of unemployed and employed workers on work values, locus of control and health variables
A 1/2% sample of metropolitan Adelaide households was selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. Employed and unemployed workers were asked to complete a questionnaire which measured work values, patterns of home and leisure activity, locus of control (Rotter, 1966) and number of frequent health and stress symptoms. A 70% response rate was obtained for employed workers and the response rate for unemployed was 80%. Comparisons between the two gr…
Job satisfaction of papua new guinea policemen
Three versions of Herzberg's two-factor theory of job satisfaction identified by King (1970) were tested using multiple regression analysis. The subjects were 189 indigenous Papua New Guinea policemen. Diglot English/Pidgin forms of the Job Descriptive Inventory were developed to measure satisfaction with aspects of their job situation. Overall satisfaction and dissatisfaction were measured by a Papua New Guinea adaptation of the General Motors F…
The Effects of Programmed Culture Training upon the Performance of Volunteer Medical Teams in Central America
Living and working in a foreign culture is difficult for a large number of people. One phenomenon is the 'culture shock' syndrome. Understanding of the host country's subjective culture may, therefore, determine to a large degree an individual's success in his job as well as in his ability to adjust. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of a task-related assimilator on the productivity of groups working for a considerable per…
Group structure and the measurement of potential leader influence
A major proposition of Fiedler's contingency model of leadership is that the effectiveness of a particular style of leadership is dependent upon the favourability of the group situation. Favourability refers to the potential influence of the leader and is measured by ordering several dimensions of group structure. This paper presents a more general method of measuring potential influence which involves the use of matrix representations of group s…
The Effect of Leadership Style Upon the Performance and Adjustment of Volunteer Teams Operating in Stressful Foreign Environment
This study considered the joint effects of leadership style and environmental stress upon group performance and individual adjustment in small volunteer groups. These groups performed public health and community development work in small isolated villages in Central America. Fiedler's Least Preferred Coworker scale (LPC) was used as a measure of leadership style while performance and adjustment measures were obtained from a number of questionnair…
A Mathematical Model for Structural Role Theory, III
The Effects of Programmed Culture Training upon the Performance of Volunteer Medical Teams in Central America
Living and working in a foreign culture is difficult for a large number of people. One phenomenon is the 'culture shock' syndrome. Understanding of the host country's subjective culture may, therefore, determine to a large degree an individual's success in his job as well as in his ability to adjust. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of a task-related assimilator on the productivity of groups working for a considerable per…
Comparison of unemployed and employed workers on work values, locus of control and health variables
A 1/2% sample of metropolitan Adelaide households was selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. Employed and unemployed workers were asked to complete a questionnaire which measured work values, patterns of home and leisure activity, locus of control (Rotter, 1966) and number of frequent health and stress symptoms. A 70% response rate was obtained for employed workers and the response rate for unemployed was 80%. Comparisons between the two gr…
A Mathematical Model for Structural Role Theory, III
Stress and the Leisure Needs and Activities of Different Occupations
This study examined the association between stress and the leisure needs and activities of four occupational groups: professional, managerial, clerical, and trades. It was found that stress was associated with passive/recuperative leisure needs and activities among managerial employees. Professionals also showed evidence of a correlation between stress and leisure needs and activities which revealed a partly recuperative, partly active-compensato…
The Relative Contribution of Perceived Skill-Utilization and Other Perceived Job Attributes to the Prediction of Job Satisfaction: A Cross-Validation Study
With a representative sample of 1383 Adelaide employees it was found, using simple multiple regression, that job satisfaction was significantly predicted by the perceived job attributes of skill-utilization, influence, variety, pressure, and interaction. For the total sample, skill-utilization was the strongest predictor of job satisfaction. In order to measure the degree of over-estimation of R 2 , a double cross-validation of the data was condu…
The Effect of Leadership Style Upon the Performance and Adjustment of Volunteer Teams Operating in Stressful Foreign Environment
This study considered the joint effects of leadership style and environmental stress upon group performance and individual adjustment in small volunteer groups. These groups performed public health and community development work in small isolated villages in Central America. Fiedler's Least Preferred Coworker scale (LPC) was used as a measure of leadership style while performance and adjustment measures were obtained from a number of questionnair…
Looking for employment: An expectancy-valence analysis of job-seeking behaviour among young people
Frequency of job seeking was investigated in a study of 320 young unemployed men and women in Adelaide, South Australia. Subscales defining each person's expectation of finding a job (control-optimism) and the perceived attractiveness or desirability of employment (job valence) were constructed on the basis of a factor analysis. It was predicted that job-seeking behaviour would be positively related to the expectation and valence measures both si…
Australian norms and factor analysis of rotter's internal-external control scale
Rotter's internal/external control scale (I/E) was administered to a representative sample of 1473 households in metropolitan Adelaide. Within each household all persons 14 years old and over completed the scale. Means, norms and standard deviations were presented for the total sample as well as sub-samples of employees, students, housewives, unemployed and retirees. Tables showing the variation of I/E scores with age, education, nationality and …
Group structure and the measurement of potential leader influence
A major proposition of Fiedler's contingency model of leadership is that the effectiveness of a particular style of leadership is dependent upon the favourability of the group situation. Favourability refers to the potential influence of the leader and is measured by ordering several dimensions of group structure. This paper presents a more general method of measuring potential influence which involves the use of matrix representations of group s…
Distortion in Unemployment Research: The Early Studies of Bakke and Their Implications for Current Research on Employment and Unemployment
Contemporary research on unemployment has neglected the early writings of Bakke in preference to the psychological deprivation model first outlined by Jahoda, Lazarsfeld, and Zeisel (1933) and elaborated later by Jahoda (1979, 1981, 1982). Furthermore, Bakke has been inaccurately classified as a writer who maintained that unemployment led to an inevitable decline in the personal adjustment of the unemployed. A brief review of Bakke's writings ind…
Age and job satisfaction
Previous research has consistently shown a small positive correlation between age and job satisfaction. This correlation could result from influences associated with aging or cohort membership or both. These possible explanations were tested using a representative 1/2% sample of employees in metropolitan Adelaide. From interviews/questionnaires, measures were obtained of variables associated with aging (skill-utilization, influence, variety and i…
A Mathematical Model for Structural Role Theory, III
Group structure and the measurement of potential leader influence
A major proposition of Fiedler's contingency model of leadership is that the effectiveness of a particular style of leadership is dependent upon the favourability of the group situation. Favourability refers to the potential influence of the leader and is measured by ordering several dimensions of group structure. This paper presents a more general method of measuring potential influence which involves the use of matrix representations of group s…
The Effect of Leadership Style Upon the Performance and Adjustment of Volunteer Teams Operating in Stressful Foreign Environment
This study considered the joint effects of leadership style and environmental stress upon group performance and individual adjustment in small volunteer groups. These groups performed public health and community development work in small isolated villages in Central America. Fiedler's Least Preferred Coworker scale (LPC) was used as a measure of leadership style while performance and adjustment measures were obtained from a number of questionnair…
The Effects of Programmed Culture Training upon the Performance of Volunteer Medical Teams in Central America
Living and working in a foreign culture is difficult for a large number of people. One phenomenon is the 'culture shock' syndrome. Understanding of the host country's subjective culture may, therefore, determine to a large degree an individual's success in his job as well as in his ability to adjust. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of a task-related assimilator on the productivity of groups working for a considerable per…
Job satisfaction of papua new guinea policemen
Three versions of Herzberg's two-factor theory of job satisfaction identified by King (1970) were tested using multiple regression analysis. The subjects were 189 indigenous Papua New Guinea policemen. Diglot English/Pidgin forms of the Job Descriptive Inventory were developed to measure satisfaction with aspects of their job situation. Overall satisfaction and dissatisfaction were measured by a Papua New Guinea adaptation of the General Motors F…
Comparison of unemployed and employed workers on work values, locus of control and health variables
A 1/2% sample of metropolitan Adelaide households was selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. Employed and unemployed workers were asked to complete a questionnaire which measured work values, patterns of home and leisure activity, locus of control (Rotter, 1966) and number of frequent health and stress symptoms. A 70% response rate was obtained for employed workers and the response rate for unemployed was 80%. Comparisons between the two gr…
The effects of congruency between perceived and desired job attributes upon job satisfaction
The main aim of the study was to investigate whether job satisfaction was more strongly associated with congruency between desired and perceived job attributes than with job attributes alone. The perceived and desired job attributes of skill‐utilization, influence, variety, pressure and social interaction were measured for a cluster sample of 1383 employees in metropolitan Adelaide. The sample was a representative one with respect to occupation, …
Australian norms and factor analysis of rotter's internal-external control scale
Rotter's internal/external control scale (I/E) was administered to a representative sample of 1473 households in metropolitan Adelaide. Within each household all persons 14 years old and over completed the scale. Means, norms and standard deviations were presented for the total sample as well as sub-samples of employees, students, housewives, unemployed and retirees. Tables showing the variation of I/E scores with age, education, nationality and …
Age and job satisfaction
Previous research has consistently shown a small positive correlation between age and job satisfaction. This correlation could result from influences associated with aging or cohort membership or both. These possible explanations were tested using a representative 1/2% sample of employees in metropolitan Adelaide. From interviews/questionnaires, measures were obtained of variables associated with aging (skill-utilization, influence, variety and i…
The Relative Contribution of Perceived Skill-Utilization and Other Perceived Job Attributes to the Prediction of Job Satisfaction: A Cross-Validation Study
With a representative sample of 1383 Adelaide employees it was found, using simple multiple regression, that job satisfaction was significantly predicted by the perceived job attributes of skill-utilization, influence, variety, pressure, and interaction. For the total sample, skill-utilization was the strongest predictor of job satisfaction. In order to measure the degree of over-estimation of R 2 , a double cross-validation of the data was condu…
Professional and academic training in organizational psychology
Many advocates of a new professional degree argue that present degrees offered by the universities are unsatisfactory for the training of organizational psychologists who plan to work in non-academic settings. The arguments supporting professional degrees assume firstly, that psychological knowledge is mature enough for application, secondly, that there are strong overseas precedents for such degrees, and thirdly, that new degrees are necessary i…
Distortion in Unemployment Research: The Early Studies of Bakke and Their Implications for Current Research on Employment and Unemployment
Contemporary research on unemployment has neglected the early writings of Bakke in preference to the psychological deprivation model first outlined by Jahoda, Lazarsfeld, and Zeisel (1933) and elaborated later by Jahoda (1979, 1981, 1982). Furthermore, Bakke has been inaccurately classified as a writer who maintained that unemployment led to an inevitable decline in the personal adjustment of the unemployed. A brief review of Bakke's writings ind…
The relationship between skill utilization, professional orientation and job satisfaction for pharmacists
Technological changes in the manufacture of drugs have caused community pharmacists to lose control over the use of their specialized knowledge. The study described here sought to examine the consequences of these structural changes for pharmacists' perceptions of their skill utilization, job influence and job satisfaction. It was predicted that the job satisfaction‐job attribute relationship for pharmacists would be moderated by their profession…
A longitudinal study of the effects of employment and unemployment on school‐leavers
The effects of employment and unemployment were investigated in a longitudinal study involving large samples of school‐leavers from State high schools in metropolitan Adelaide. The study was also designed to control for possible testing and societal effects. A wide range of variables was investigated that included measures of self‐concept (perceived competence, positive attitude, depressive affect, power, activity, and anger), values (desired ski…
Stress and the Leisure Needs and Activities of Different Occupations
This study examined the association between stress and the leisure needs and activities of four occupational groups: professional, managerial, clerical, and trades. It was found that stress was associated with passive/recuperative leisure needs and activities among managerial employees. Professionals also showed evidence of a correlation between stress and leisure needs and activities which revealed a partly recuperative, partly active-compensato…
Looking for employment: An expectancy-valence analysis of job-seeking behaviour among young people
Frequency of job seeking was investigated in a study of 320 young unemployed men and women in Adelaide, South Australia. Subscales defining each person's expectation of finding a job (control-optimism) and the perceived attractiveness or desirability of employment (job valence) were constructed on the basis of a factor analysis. It was predicted that job-seeking behaviour would be positively related to the expectation and valence measures both si…
Psychology of Work and Unemployment
This book is directed at industrial psychologists, human resource managers, consultants and social scientists interested in the psychological effect of employment and unemployment on people. It is an integration of research and theories about this effect. As far as employment is concerned it emphasizes that a significant number of employees have jobs which do not fully use their skills or provide personal satisfaction, and that the long term effe…
The relative effects of unemployment and quality of employment on the affect, work values and personal control of adolescents
This study examined the relative effects of unemployment and quality of employment on the affective states, personal control and work values of school‐leavers. Initially, students were surveyed at school and then reassessed two years later when they were either unemployed, employed or continuing their education. Those in employment were categorized as being in good or poor employment on the basis of the degree to which their jobs allowed them to …
Psychology (18 works) · Social Psychology (16 works) · Social Psychology (11 works) · Job satisfaction (8 works) · Employment and Welfare Studies (6 works) · Applied Psychology (5 works) · Economics (5 works) · Mathematics (5 works) · Medicine (5 works) · Economic growth (4 works)