Sarah A Grainger
Biographic Data
| ID | 5019738 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Sarah A Grainger |
| GIVEN NAMES | Sarah A |
| FAMILY NAME | Grainger |
| SIGNATURE | GRAINGER S A |
| AFFILIATIONS | The University of Queensland |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1475-835X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 12 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 11 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 12 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2015 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Emotional Valence Influences Empathic Capacity in Adolescence and Young Adulthood
INTRODUCTION: Previous research has identified age-related differences in empathic abilities between adolescence and young adulthood. While cognitive empathy appears to continue to develop from adolescence and into adulthood, the developmental trajectory of affective empathy is less clear. It is also unclear how valence influences empathic responding and whether this differs according to age. To address this, we assessed age differences in cognit…
Perceived efficacy of healthcare materials for older adults in the United Kingdom: The role of ageism and communication framing
This study provides the first test of how positively or negatively healthcare materials are framed in relation to aging, as well as how ageist these materials are perceived to be, impacts their perceived effectiveness. Participants (N = 150, aged 20–80) rated 60 genuine, static healthcare advertisements on three dimensions using 7-point Likert scales: (1) how positively the material made them feel about aging, (2) how ageist the material was perc…
Now you see it, now you don’t: The age-related positivity effect to faces disappears in naturalistic settings
There is an age-related positivity effect in attention to emotional faces. However, all of these studies have relied on computer tasks where people are directed to look at faces on a screen. The primary aim of this study was to test whether the age-related positivity effect to emotional faces emerges under more naturalistic settings. The secondary aim was to test whether an own-age bias exists in attention to emotional faces and whether task ecol…
Attention to direct gaze in young and older adulthood
Using cueing tasks, young and older adults’ attention to direct gaze was assessed. • Reflexive orienting to non-predictive direct gaze did not occur in either age group. • Voluntary orienting to predictive direct gaze occurred in both age groups but was reduced among older adults. • Voluntary orienting was unique to direct gaze. It did not occur for averted gaze or a nonsocial cue. Attention to others’ direct gaze supports many social-cognitive p…
The empathic measure of true emotion (Emote): A Novel Set of Stimuli for Measuring Emotional Responding
Empathy plays a fundamental role in successful social interactions. However, most tasks currently available for measuring empathy have limited ecological validity and therefore may not elicit true emotional responses in observers. To address this gap, we developed the Empathic Measure of True Emotion (EMOTE), the first emotion stimuli set to include footage of genuine positive and negative emotions unfolding in naturalistic contexts. We validated…
Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Muscular Strength Do Not Predict Social Cognitive Capacity in Older Age
This study has provided the first evidence to suggest that CRF and muscular strength-two important modifiable lifestyle factors-are not associated with social cognition in healthy older adults. However, replication studies are now needed to cross-validate these findings and to clarify whether any moderating variables may be important for understanding the relationship between fitness and social cognition in older age
How Does Aging Affect Social Attention? A Test of Competing Theories Using Multilevel Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES: The present study provides a meta-analytic assessment of how gaze-cued attention-a core social-cognitive process-is influenced by normal adult aging. METHODS: A multilevel meta-analysis of standardized mean changes was conducted on gaze-cueing effects. Age effects were quantified as standardized mean differences in gaze-cueing effect sizes between young and older adult samples. RESULTS: We identified 82 gaze-cueing effects (k = 26, N …
Aging Is Associated With Multidirectional Changes in Social Cognition: Findings From an Adult Life-Span Sample Ranging From 18 to 101 Years
These findings provide novel and important evidence that normative aging is associated with both gains and losses in social cognition that occur at distinct points of the adult life-span, and that are at least partially independent of general age-related cognitive decline
Social Frailty in Late Adulthood: Social Cognitive and Psychological Well-Being Correlates
Findings are discussed in relation to models of socioemotional aging and frailty. Potential mechanisms linking social behavior to social capital in older age are identified, as well as how loss of social resources might both directly and indirectly impact well-being
Visual attentional orienting by eye gaze: A meta-analytic review of the gaze-cueing effect
Given limitations in the amount of visual information that a person can simultaneously process through to conscious perception, selective visual attention is necessary. Visual signals in the environment aid this selection process by triggering reflexive shifts of covert attention to locations of potential importance. One such signal appears to be others' eye gaze. Indeed, a gaze-cueing effect, whereby healthy adults respond faster to targets that…
Tears of sadness reduce others’ gazing toward the eyes
Emotional tears enhance perceptions of sadness and promote helping behaviors, but it is yet to be established whether they also influence the way we gaze at emotional faces. This is an important question to address given that how people visually attend to faces plays a critical role during social interaction and may also be used to regulate emotional arousal. We used eye-tracking to quantify the time spent gazing to the eyes and mouths of emotion…
Age Deficits in Facial Affect Recognition: The Influence of Dynamic Cues
Together, these studies provide important and novel insights into the specific circumstances in which older adults may be expected to experience difficulties in perceiving facial emotions
Age Deficits in Facial Affect Recognition: The Influence of Dynamic Cues
Together, these studies provide important and novel insights into the specific circumstances in which older adults may be expected to experience difficulties in perceiving facial emotions
Aging Is Associated With Multidirectional Changes in Social Cognition: Findings From an Adult Life-Span Sample Ranging From 18 to 101 Years
These findings provide novel and important evidence that normative aging is associated with both gains and losses in social cognition that occur at distinct points of the adult life-span, and that are at least partially independent of general age-related cognitive decline
Social Frailty in Late Adulthood: Social Cognitive and Psychological Well-Being Correlates
Findings are discussed in relation to models of socioemotional aging and frailty. Potential mechanisms linking social behavior to social capital in older age are identified, as well as how loss of social resources might both directly and indirectly impact well-being
Age Deficits in Facial Affect Recognition: The Influence of Dynamic Cues
Together, these studies provide important and novel insights into the specific circumstances in which older adults may be expected to experience difficulties in perceiving facial emotions
Tears of sadness reduce others’ gazing toward the eyes
Emotional tears enhance perceptions of sadness and promote helping behaviors, but it is yet to be established whether they also influence the way we gaze at emotional faces. This is an important question to address given that how people visually attend to faces plays a critical role during social interaction and may also be used to regulate emotional arousal. We used eye-tracking to quantify the time spent gazing to the eyes and mouths of emotion…
Visual attentional orienting by eye gaze: A meta-analytic review of the gaze-cueing effect
Given limitations in the amount of visual information that a person can simultaneously process through to conscious perception, selective visual attention is necessary. Visual signals in the environment aid this selection process by triggering reflexive shifts of covert attention to locations of potential importance. One such signal appears to be others' eye gaze. Indeed, a gaze-cueing effect, whereby healthy adults respond faster to targets that…
How Does Aging Affect Social Attention? A Test of Competing Theories Using Multilevel Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES: The present study provides a meta-analytic assessment of how gaze-cued attention-a core social-cognitive process-is influenced by normal adult aging. METHODS: A multilevel meta-analysis of standardized mean changes was conducted on gaze-cueing effects. Age effects were quantified as standardized mean differences in gaze-cueing effect sizes between young and older adult samples. RESULTS: We identified 82 gaze-cueing effects (k = 26, N …
Aging Is Associated With Multidirectional Changes in Social Cognition: Findings From an Adult Life-Span Sample Ranging From 18 to 101 Years
These findings provide novel and important evidence that normative aging is associated with both gains and losses in social cognition that occur at distinct points of the adult life-span, and that are at least partially independent of general age-related cognitive decline
Social Frailty in Late Adulthood: Social Cognitive and Psychological Well-Being Correlates
Findings are discussed in relation to models of socioemotional aging and frailty. Potential mechanisms linking social behavior to social capital in older age are identified, as well as how loss of social resources might both directly and indirectly impact well-being
Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Muscular Strength Do Not Predict Social Cognitive Capacity in Older Age
This study has provided the first evidence to suggest that CRF and muscular strength-two important modifiable lifestyle factors-are not associated with social cognition in healthy older adults. However, replication studies are now needed to cross-validate these findings and to clarify whether any moderating variables may be important for understanding the relationship between fitness and social cognition in older age
Perceived efficacy of healthcare materials for older adults in the United Kingdom: The role of ageism and communication framing
This study provides the first test of how positively or negatively healthcare materials are framed in relation to aging, as well as how ageist these materials are perceived to be, impacts their perceived effectiveness. Participants (N = 150, aged 20–80) rated 60 genuine, static healthcare advertisements on three dimensions using 7-point Likert scales: (1) how positively the material made them feel about aging, (2) how ageist the material was perc…
Now you see it, now you don’t: The age-related positivity effect to faces disappears in naturalistic settings
There is an age-related positivity effect in attention to emotional faces. However, all of these studies have relied on computer tasks where people are directed to look at faces on a screen. The primary aim of this study was to test whether the age-related positivity effect to emotional faces emerges under more naturalistic settings. The secondary aim was to test whether an own-age bias exists in attention to emotional faces and whether task ecol…
Attention to direct gaze in young and older adulthood
Using cueing tasks, young and older adults’ attention to direct gaze was assessed. • Reflexive orienting to non-predictive direct gaze did not occur in either age group. • Voluntary orienting to predictive direct gaze occurred in both age groups but was reduced among older adults. • Voluntary orienting was unique to direct gaze. It did not occur for averted gaze or a nonsocial cue. Attention to others’ direct gaze supports many social-cognitive p…
The empathic measure of true emotion (Emote): A Novel Set of Stimuli for Measuring Emotional Responding
Empathy plays a fundamental role in successful social interactions. However, most tasks currently available for measuring empathy have limited ecological validity and therefore may not elicit true emotional responses in observers. To address this gap, we developed the Empathic Measure of True Emotion (EMOTE), the first emotion stimuli set to include footage of genuine positive and negative emotions unfolding in naturalistic contexts. We validated…
Emotional Valence Influences Empathic Capacity in Adolescence and Young Adulthood
INTRODUCTION: Previous research has identified age-related differences in empathic abilities between adolescence and young adulthood. While cognitive empathy appears to continue to develop from adolescence and into adulthood, the developmental trajectory of affective empathy is less clear. It is also unclear how valence influences empathic responding and whether this differs according to age. To address this, we assessed age differences in cognit…
Psychology (9 works) · Developmental psychology (8 works) · Aging and Gerontology Research (7 works) · Cognitive psychology (6 works) · Cognition (5 works) · Face Recognition and Perception (5 works) · Gaze (5 works) · Medicine (5 works) · Young adult (4 works) · Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior (3 works)