Andrew P Bradbury
Biographic Data
| ID | 5180152 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Andrew P Bradbury |
| GIVEN NAMES | Andrew P |
| FAMILY NAME | Bradbury |
| SIGNATURE | BRADBURY A P |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Liverpool |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 21 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 185 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 21 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1998 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2021 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Benton Phase biface production for exchange
Excavations at site 40HO13 in Houston County, Tennessee, documented three prehistoric lithic reduction areas associated with a Benton Phase occupation. The site was located in an area of abundant chert resources, notably Fort Payne chert. The paper focuses on lithic data from one of the lithic concentrations. The analysis determined that the lithic concentrations were the result of biface manufacture. Bifaces were roughed out at the source locati…
Patterning in a large sample of retouched unifacial tools
Refining Woodland Period Chronology and Interactions in Northeastern Missouri
The recently completed Avenue of Saints (AOS) highway project in the Mississippi Valley of northeastern Missouri resulted in the documentation of Woodland period sites ranging from approximately 200 cal BC to AD 1200. This article updates the existing Woodland chronology for this locality based on new information collected during the project. Data pertaining to Early, Middle, and Late Woodland sites are presented. The approximately 1,400-year occ…
Refining Woodland Period Chronology and Interactions in Northeastern Missouri
The recently completed Avenue of Saints (AOS) highway project in the Mississippi Valley of northeastern Missouri resulted in the documentation of Woodland period sites ranging from approximately 200 cal BC to AD 1200. This article updates the existing Woodland chronology for this locality based on new information collected during the project. Data pertaining to Early, Middle, and Late Woodland sites are presented. The approximately 1,400-year occ…
Late Middle Archaic settlement systems in West-Central Illinois
Data from a sample of late Middle Archaic sites in west-central Illinois are examined in light of Binford’s forager–collector model. Quantitative methods (correspondence and diversity analyses) are applied to the lithic data from the sites. It is suggested that a mix of mobility strategies was employed in the region during late Middle Archaic. Large, possibly multiseason, valley located residential sites were occupied during the warm season. Peop…
Non-Metric Continuum-Based Flake Analysis
Arguably, stone tool production is a continuous process. Most descriptions of lithic assemblages, if it includes discussion of flake debris, divide this continuum into stages. Limited previous work, using experimental and archaeological data, indicates successful assignation of an individual flake within a continuum of reduction. However, reliance on time-consuming, metric attributes has resulted in limited application of such methods to archaeol…
Site Structure Analysis of a Late Middle Archaic Upland Site in Morgan County, Illinois
Data recovery investigations at a buried upland site in Morgan County, Illinois documented a late Middle Archaic component. Five hearths were documented and represent three hearth-related activity areas. Three additional activity areas were defined: freehand core reduction area, bipolar core reduction area, and a general dumping/disposal area. The activity areas appear to be tethered to the hearths. A single occupation is indicated by soil microm…
Bipolar Reduction Experiments and the Examination of Middle Archaic Bipolar Technologies in West-Central Illinois
Bipolar reduction has been long recognized as a means of producing flakes from cores. The identification of bipolar debris has implications for assessing the role of bipolar reduction in the organization of lithic technology. Previous work has indicated that the classification of bipolar materials can be difficult. A series of experimental reductions are reported that assist in recognizing bipolar materials from archaeological sites. It is sugges…
Hits and misses when throwing stones at mass analysis
Raw Material and Retouched Flakes
Lithic analysts are often criticized for not engaging in theory building and for conducting particularistic studies. Such particularistic studies can be linked to theory through an organization-of-technology approach, which has great promise. However, concepts often employed in the approach, such as curation, need further refinement to become operationalized. One way to accomplish this for flake tools is to develop a method for measuring the amou…
Lithic Technology
The life history of stone tools is intimately linked to tool production, use and maintenance. These are important processes in the organization of lithic technology, or the manner in which lithic technology is embedded within human organizational strategies of land use and subsistence practices. This volume brings together essays that measure the life history of stone tools relative to retouch values, raw material constraints and evolutionary pro…
Exploring Surface Collected Data with Spatial Analysis Methods
Surface collection is commonly conducted as a first step in the investigation of many archaeological sites. Such data are often used to provide information concerning the subsurface nature of the site. In some instances, the surface collected data can provide additional information concerning the site component(s) represented at a site. In cases where intact cultural deposits are not present below the base of the plow zone, surface collected data…
Lithic Analysis of an Early Archaic Knapping Area
Archaeological excavations at 15LO207 in Logan County, Kentucky documented a lithic reduction area associated with an Early Archaic Kirk Corner Notched component. High densities of flake debris were recovered, along with biface production failures, from this area. Analysis of these materials indicated that lithic manufacture focused on the reduction of early stage bifaces of the local Ste. Genevieve chert into late stage bifaces. These bifaces we…
The Organization of Lithic Technology and the Bifurcate Occupation of the Hart Site (15La183), Lawrence County, Kentucky
Excavations at the Hart Site revealed an Early Archaic, Bifurcate Base occupation. Analysis of the lithic artifacts from this component allow for inferences concerning the organization of lithic technology at the site. Roughly forty percent of the flake debris was of non-local chert sources. A number of bifacial tools was maintained and used at the site and a staged approach to bifacial tool manufacture is indicated. Based on a high amount of use…
Combining Aggregate and Individual Methods of Flake Debris Analysis
Numerous approaches are currently employed for the analysis of chipped stone debris. These can generally be classified as aggregate and individual flake based methods. Here, elements of these two analyses are combined to produce a simplified form of analysis that allows useful insights into the technological make-up of flake debris assemblages. Specifically, general size data from aggregate analyses are combined with two attributes recorded on in…
A Preliminary Examination of Quantitative Methods for Classifying Small Triangular Points From late Prehistoric Sites
Several classification methods have been proposed for allowing tighter chronological control of small triangular points recovered from Late Prehistoric sites in the Ohio River Valley. In this paper, we expand on these by introducing quantitative methods for metric measurements of small triangular points. The use of quantitative methods allows for a less subjective means of classifying the points. The proposed method is applied to specimens recove…
Modern or Prehistoric
In some instances, the non-cultural fracture of stone can resemble culturally modified implements. This article presents the results of several reduction experiments that are used to separate flake debris produced by cultural means (i.e., knapping) from flakes produced by non-cultural means. In this case, the non-cultural production of flake debris was the result of chert being fractured by a rock crusher for use as road gravel. The experiments p…
Raw Material Variability, Package Size, and Mass Analysis
Data generated from a number of controlled flintknapping experiments are used to examine the mass analysis of flake debris. Data from one set of experiments are employed to classify flake debris produced during other experiments. General trends in mass analysis are found to be consistent across different experimental data sets. However, significant differences in correct classification rates between experimental assemblages are sometimes observed…
Flake Size from Platform Attributes
Examining Stage and Continuum Models of Flake Debris Analysis
The Bow and Arrow in the Eastern Woodlands
The timing of the introduction of the bow and arrow in the eastern United States has been debated for some time. The bow and arrow have long thought to have been introduced during the Late Woodland period in the eastern United States. An increasing body of evidence, however, suggests that this innovation may have occurred sometime during the Archaic period. Based on data from ethnographic collections, classification functions are developed that a…
Flake Size from Platform Attributes
Examining Stage and Continuum Models of Flake Debris Analysis
The Bow and Arrow in the Eastern Woodlands
The timing of the introduction of the bow and arrow in the eastern United States has been debated for some time. The bow and arrow have long thought to have been introduced during the Late Woodland period in the eastern United States. An increasing body of evidence, however, suggests that this innovation may have occurred sometime during the Archaic period. Based on data from ethnographic collections, classification functions are developed that a…
Raw Material Variability, Package Size, and Mass Analysis
Data generated from a number of controlled flintknapping experiments are used to examine the mass analysis of flake debris. Data from one set of experiments are employed to classify flake debris produced during other experiments. General trends in mass analysis are found to be consistent across different experimental data sets. However, significant differences in correct classification rates between experimental assemblages are sometimes observed…
Bipolar Reduction Experiments and the Examination of Middle Archaic Bipolar Technologies in West-Central Illinois
Bipolar reduction has been long recognized as a means of producing flakes from cores. The identification of bipolar debris has implications for assessing the role of bipolar reduction in the organization of lithic technology. Previous work has indicated that the classification of bipolar materials can be difficult. A series of experimental reductions are reported that assist in recognizing bipolar materials from archaeological sites. It is sugges…
A Preliminary Examination of Quantitative Methods for Classifying Small Triangular Points From late Prehistoric Sites
Several classification methods have been proposed for allowing tighter chronological control of small triangular points recovered from Late Prehistoric sites in the Ohio River Valley. In this paper, we expand on these by introducing quantitative methods for metric measurements of small triangular points. The use of quantitative methods allows for a less subjective means of classifying the points. The proposed method is applied to specimens recove…
Hits and misses when throwing stones at mass analysis
Combining Aggregate and Individual Methods of Flake Debris Analysis
Numerous approaches are currently employed for the analysis of chipped stone debris. These can generally be classified as aggregate and individual flake based methods. Here, elements of these two analyses are combined to produce a simplified form of analysis that allows useful insights into the technological make-up of flake debris assemblages. Specifically, general size data from aggregate analyses are combined with two attributes recorded on in…
Non-Metric Continuum-Based Flake Analysis
Arguably, stone tool production is a continuous process. Most descriptions of lithic assemblages, if it includes discussion of flake debris, divide this continuum into stages. Limited previous work, using experimental and archaeological data, indicates successful assignation of an individual flake within a continuum of reduction. However, reliance on time-consuming, metric attributes has resulted in limited application of such methods to archaeol…
Benton Phase biface production for exchange
Excavations at site 40HO13 in Houston County, Tennessee, documented three prehistoric lithic reduction areas associated with a Benton Phase occupation. The site was located in an area of abundant chert resources, notably Fort Payne chert. The paper focuses on lithic data from one of the lithic concentrations. The analysis determined that the lithic concentrations were the result of biface manufacture. Bifaces were roughed out at the source locati…
Patterning in a large sample of retouched unifacial tools
Site Structure Analysis of a Late Middle Archaic Upland Site in Morgan County, Illinois
Data recovery investigations at a buried upland site in Morgan County, Illinois documented a late Middle Archaic component. Five hearths were documented and represent three hearth-related activity areas. Three additional activity areas were defined: freehand core reduction area, bipolar core reduction area, and a general dumping/disposal area. The activity areas appear to be tethered to the hearths. A single occupation is indicated by soil microm…
Exploring Surface Collected Data with Spatial Analysis Methods
Surface collection is commonly conducted as a first step in the investigation of many archaeological sites. Such data are often used to provide information concerning the subsurface nature of the site. In some instances, the surface collected data can provide additional information concerning the site component(s) represented at a site. In cases where intact cultural deposits are not present below the base of the plow zone, surface collected data…
Lithic Analysis of an Early Archaic Knapping Area
Archaeological excavations at 15LO207 in Logan County, Kentucky documented a lithic reduction area associated with an Early Archaic Kirk Corner Notched component. High densities of flake debris were recovered, along with biface production failures, from this area. Analysis of these materials indicated that lithic manufacture focused on the reduction of early stage bifaces of the local Ste. Genevieve chert into late stage bifaces. These bifaces we…
Modern or Prehistoric
In some instances, the non-cultural fracture of stone can resemble culturally modified implements. This article presents the results of several reduction experiments that are used to separate flake debris produced by cultural means (i.e., knapping) from flakes produced by non-cultural means. In this case, the non-cultural production of flake debris was the result of chert being fractured by a rock crusher for use as road gravel. The experiments p…
The Bow and Arrow in the Eastern Woodlands
The timing of the introduction of the bow and arrow in the eastern United States has been debated for some time. The bow and arrow have long thought to have been introduced during the Late Woodland period in the eastern United States. An increasing body of evidence, however, suggests that this innovation may have occurred sometime during the Archaic period. Based on data from ethnographic collections, classification functions are developed that a…
Examining Stage and Continuum Models of Flake Debris Analysis
Raw Material Variability, Package Size, and Mass Analysis
Data generated from a number of controlled flintknapping experiments are used to examine the mass analysis of flake debris. Data from one set of experiments are employed to classify flake debris produced during other experiments. General trends in mass analysis are found to be consistent across different experimental data sets. However, significant differences in correct classification rates between experimental assemblages are sometimes observed…
Flake Size from Platform Attributes
Modern or Prehistoric
In some instances, the non-cultural fracture of stone can resemble culturally modified implements. This article presents the results of several reduction experiments that are used to separate flake debris produced by cultural means (i.e., knapping) from flakes produced by non-cultural means. In this case, the non-cultural production of flake debris was the result of chert being fractured by a rock crusher for use as road gravel. The experiments p…
Combining Aggregate and Individual Methods of Flake Debris Analysis
Numerous approaches are currently employed for the analysis of chipped stone debris. These can generally be classified as aggregate and individual flake based methods. Here, elements of these two analyses are combined to produce a simplified form of analysis that allows useful insights into the technological make-up of flake debris assemblages. Specifically, general size data from aggregate analyses are combined with two attributes recorded on in…
A Preliminary Examination of Quantitative Methods for Classifying Small Triangular Points From late Prehistoric Sites
Several classification methods have been proposed for allowing tighter chronological control of small triangular points recovered from Late Prehistoric sites in the Ohio River Valley. In this paper, we expand on these by introducing quantitative methods for metric measurements of small triangular points. The use of quantitative methods allows for a less subjective means of classifying the points. The proposed method is applied to specimens recove…
The Organization of Lithic Technology and the Bifurcate Occupation of the Hart Site (15La183), Lawrence County, Kentucky
Excavations at the Hart Site revealed an Early Archaic, Bifurcate Base occupation. Analysis of the lithic artifacts from this component allow for inferences concerning the organization of lithic technology at the site. Roughly forty percent of the flake debris was of non-local chert sources. A number of bifacial tools was maintained and used at the site and a staged approach to bifacial tool manufacture is indicated. Based on a high amount of use…
Lithic Analysis of an Early Archaic Knapping Area
Archaeological excavations at 15LO207 in Logan County, Kentucky documented a lithic reduction area associated with an Early Archaic Kirk Corner Notched component. High densities of flake debris were recovered, along with biface production failures, from this area. Analysis of these materials indicated that lithic manufacture focused on the reduction of early stage bifaces of the local Ste. Genevieve chert into late stage bifaces. These bifaces we…
Raw Material and Retouched Flakes
Lithic analysts are often criticized for not engaging in theory building and for conducting particularistic studies. Such particularistic studies can be linked to theory through an organization-of-technology approach, which has great promise. However, concepts often employed in the approach, such as curation, need further refinement to become operationalized. One way to accomplish this for flake tools is to develop a method for measuring the amou…
Lithic Technology
The life history of stone tools is intimately linked to tool production, use and maintenance. These are important processes in the organization of lithic technology, or the manner in which lithic technology is embedded within human organizational strategies of land use and subsistence practices. This volume brings together essays that measure the life history of stone tools relative to retouch values, raw material constraints and evolutionary pro…
Exploring Surface Collected Data with Spatial Analysis Methods
Surface collection is commonly conducted as a first step in the investigation of many archaeological sites. Such data are often used to provide information concerning the subsurface nature of the site. In some instances, the surface collected data can provide additional information concerning the site component(s) represented at a site. In cases where intact cultural deposits are not present below the base of the plow zone, surface collected data…
Hits and misses when throwing stones at mass analysis
Bipolar Reduction Experiments and the Examination of Middle Archaic Bipolar Technologies in West-Central Illinois
Bipolar reduction has been long recognized as a means of producing flakes from cores. The identification of bipolar debris has implications for assessing the role of bipolar reduction in the organization of lithic technology. Previous work has indicated that the classification of bipolar materials can be difficult. A series of experimental reductions are reported that assist in recognizing bipolar materials from archaeological sites. It is sugges…
Site Structure Analysis of a Late Middle Archaic Upland Site in Morgan County, Illinois
Data recovery investigations at a buried upland site in Morgan County, Illinois documented a late Middle Archaic component. Five hearths were documented and represent three hearth-related activity areas. Three additional activity areas were defined: freehand core reduction area, bipolar core reduction area, and a general dumping/disposal area. The activity areas appear to be tethered to the hearths. A single occupation is indicated by soil microm…
Non-Metric Continuum-Based Flake Analysis
Arguably, stone tool production is a continuous process. Most descriptions of lithic assemblages, if it includes discussion of flake debris, divide this continuum into stages. Limited previous work, using experimental and archaeological data, indicates successful assignation of an individual flake within a continuum of reduction. However, reliance on time-consuming, metric attributes has resulted in limited application of such methods to archaeol…
Late Middle Archaic settlement systems in West-Central Illinois
Data from a sample of late Middle Archaic sites in west-central Illinois are examined in light of Binford’s forager–collector model. Quantitative methods (correspondence and diversity analyses) are applied to the lithic data from the sites. It is suggested that a mix of mobility strategies was employed in the region during late Middle Archaic. Large, possibly multiseason, valley located residential sites were occupied during the warm season. Peop…
Refining Woodland Period Chronology and Interactions in Northeastern Missouri
The recently completed Avenue of Saints (AOS) highway project in the Mississippi Valley of northeastern Missouri resulted in the documentation of Woodland period sites ranging from approximately 200 cal BC to AD 1200. This article updates the existing Woodland chronology for this locality based on new information collected during the project. Data pertaining to Early, Middle, and Late Woodland sites are presented. The approximately 1,400-year occ…
Refining Woodland Period Chronology and Interactions in Northeastern Missouri
The recently completed Avenue of Saints (AOS) highway project in the Mississippi Valley of northeastern Missouri resulted in the documentation of Woodland period sites ranging from approximately 200 cal BC to AD 1200. This article updates the existing Woodland chronology for this locality based on new information collected during the project. Data pertaining to Early, Middle, and Late Woodland sites are presented. The approximately 1,400-year occ…
Benton Phase biface production for exchange
Excavations at site 40HO13 in Houston County, Tennessee, documented three prehistoric lithic reduction areas associated with a Benton Phase occupation. The site was located in an area of abundant chert resources, notably Fort Payne chert. The paper focuses on lithic data from one of the lithic concentrations. The analysis determined that the lithic concentrations were the result of biface manufacture. Bifaces were roughed out at the source locati…
Patterning in a large sample of retouched unifacial tools
Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (19 works) · Archaeology (17 works) · Geography (16 works) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (16 works) · Geology (11 works) · Flake (10 works) · Materials Science (9 works) · Computer Science (8 works) · Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (7 works) · Lithic technology (7 works)