John S Brekke
Biographic Data
| ID | 5416307 |
|---|---|
| NAME | John S Brekke |
| GIVEN NAMES | John S |
| FAMILY NAME | Brekke |
| SIGNATURE | BREKKE J S |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Southern California |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3416-1120 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 34 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 200 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 34 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1986 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Because I Am a Female”
Cross-Ethnic Invariance of BSI-18 in Individuals With Serious Mental Illness
Objective: This study examines the psychometric properties of the Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI-18), a measure of psychological distress, across European Americans, African Americans, and Latinos (N = 1,166) with serious mental illnesses. It also critiques traditional practices for evaluating measurement invariance and suggests new strategies (e.g., use of equivalence testing, incorporation of effect size information) for evaluating invariance.…
Is It Safe? Community Integration for Individuals With Serious Mental Illnesses
Purpose: Community integration is a key component of recovery for individuals with serious mental illnesses (SMIs). The goal of the current study is to explore the nature and impact of safety concerns for experiences of communities for individuals with SMIs. Method: Using constructivist grounded theory, 30 semistructured interviews were analyzed to explore the depth and breadth of individuals’ safety concerns, how individuals manage these concern…
Practice-Based Research Networks in Stakeholder-Driven Social Work Research
Purpose: The field of social work is evolving toward community-engaged, stakeholder-driven research in the context of evidence-based practice (EBP) and practice-based evidence (PBE). Methods: We propose that practice-based research networks (PBRNs) are an approach to conducting stakeholder-driven research that can be uniquely valuable for the field of social work. Results: We define the concept of a PBRN and demonstrate how it can address the dev…
A quick scoping review of psychosocial treatment recommendations for African Americans with schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Objective: To determine the generalizability of the Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT) 2009 treatment recommendations to African Americans. Methods: We examined inclusion of African Americans with schizophrenia spectrum disorders in 58 studies across seven interventions. Results: Evidence varied by intervention. Representation of African Americans ranged from 0% to 83%. The strongest evidence was found for assertive community tre…
Using Electronic Health Records to Enhance a Peer Health Navigator Intervention
Comparison of Neurocognition and Social Cognition between Schizoaffective Disorder, Mood Disorders, and Schizophrenia
The relationship between schizoaffective disorder (SA), schizophrenia (SZ), and mood disorders (MD) is not well understood. Evaluating and comparing cognitive impairment in these disorders can help clarify how these disorders are related. The study's 47 participants with SZ, 94 with SA, and 39 with MD were evaluated with the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia Consensus Cognitive Battery. Multivariate analysis…
Mental illness disclosure decision making
Disclosure related to mental illness has been linked to various positive outcomes, including better mental health. However, many individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) continue to practice non-disclosure. Even though disclosure inherently occurs within the context of one's social relationships, research has generally conceptualized mental illness disclosure as an individual level phenomenon and neglected to consider preferences concerning …
Suicide Attempt Status and Quality of Life Disparity Among Individuals with Schizophrenia
Objective: Survivors of a suicide attempt are at greater risk for future suicide than those who have no history of such attempts (i.e., non-attempters), particularly in the context of schizophrenia. Although disparity between attempt survivors and non-attempters in quality of life (QoL) can potentially influence suicide risk disparity over time, no known longitudinal work has focused on QoL disparities between these groups. This study examined 2 …
Social Support-Centered Versus Symptom-Centered Models in Predicting Functional Outcomes for Individuals with Schizophrenia
Overall, the findings suggest that models for understanding functioning and interventions in schizophrenia need to be differentially focused, depending on the targeted outcome. Implications for social work practice and policy are discussed
Recovery From Schizophrenia in Community-Based Psychosocial Rehabilitation Settings
Objective: We assessed the rate of recovery from schizophrenia in community-based psychosocial rehabilitation and whether psychosocial attributes predicted the achievement of recovery beyond demographic and clinical characteristics. Methods: We used data from 246 individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorder collected at baseline and at 6 and 12 months after admission to psychosocial rehabilitation. Results: The proportion of participants who …
Escape from Discrepancy
Social Work Science and Identity Formation for Doctoral Scholars Within Intellectual Communities
Three themes are central to preparing doctoral students for the professoriate: identity formation, scientific integration, and intellectual communities. In this article, we argue that these three themes are not separate pillars but interlocking circles. Our main thesis is that (1) social work must develop into a distinct integrative scientific discipline; (2) this recognition is core to the identity formation of doctoral scholars and, reflectivel…
The American Academy of Social Work and Social Welfare
Conceptualized by social work deans and actualized with the support of major social work organizations, the American Academy of Social Work and Social Welfare was established in 2009. This article describes the historical context and creation of the Academy, whose objectives include recognizing outstanding social work scholars and practitioners; informing social policy by serving as a signal scientific source of information for the social work pr…
Grand Challenges for Social Work
This invited article introduces the concept of grand challenges—ambitious yet achievable goals for society that mobilize the profession, capture the public’s imagination, and require innovation and breakthroughs in science and practice to achieve (Kalil, 2012). We call for broad and deep participation of social work scientists and practitioners in the Grand Challenges for Social Work initiative, which will be coordinated by the American Academy o…
A Science of Social Work, and Social Work as an Integrative Scientific Discipline
There are two purposes to this article. The first is to update the science of social work framework. The second is to use recent discussions on the nature of realist science and on social work science to propose a definition of social work as an integrative scientific discipline that complements its definition as a profession
A Pilot Test of a Peer Navigator Intervention for Improving the Health of Individuals with Serious Mental Illness
Shaping a Science of Social Work
Social workers provide more social services to populations across the life span than any other human service profession, including psychiatry, nursing, and psychology. The scientific methodologies and the scientific knowledge relevant to social services have expanded dramatically in the last 30 years. Using the two indicators of the total number of journals and the impact factors of those journals, it would appear that social work’s contribution …
How Family Factors Impact Psychosocial Functioning for African American Consumers with Schizophrenia
The Importance of Consumer Perceived Criticism on Clinical Outcomes for Outpatient African Americans with Schizophrenia
Longitudinal Invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale for Individuals With Schizophrenia
Objectives: This study examined the longitudinal structural stability of a subjective quality of life measure in an ethnically diverse sample of 331 adults with schizophrenia. Methods: Participants completed the Satisfaction With Life (SWL) scale at entry to community-based mental health services and again at 6 and 12 months. Five types of measurement invariance were tested using a series of multiple-group confirmatory factor analyses. Results: A…
Implementation Practice and Implementation Research
The Interventions and Practice Research Infrastructure Program (IPRISP) funding mechanism was introduced by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) to bridge the gap between the worlds of services research and the usual care practice in the community. The goal was to build infrastructure that would provide a platform for research to establish the evidence base for improving mental health care available in diverse communities. This is done …
The Hamovitch Research Center
Journal Article The Hamovitch Research Center: An Experiment in Collective Responsibility for Advancing Science in the Human Services Get access Marilyn Flynn, PhD, Marilyn Flynn, PhD dean and professor School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar John S. Brekke, PhD, John S. Brekke, PhD Frances Larson Professor of Social Work Research School of Soci…
Testing the Cross-Ethnic Construct Validity of the Brief Symptom Inventory
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine the cross-ethnic construct validity of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Method: The sample consisted of 1,166 individuals diagnosed with severe and persistent mental illness who were receiving treatment in community-based mental health programs. Multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis was used to test measurement invariance of the BSI's second-order factor model across three ethnic …
The Relationships Among Perceived Criticism, Family Contact, and Consumer Clinical and Psychosocial Functioning for African-American Consumers with Schizophrenia
Translational Science at the National Institute of Mental Health
Several recent national reports have noted that there is a 20-year gap between knowledge generated from our best clinical research and the utilization of that knowledge in our health and mental health care sectors. One solution to this dilemma has been the emergence of translational science. Translational science has become a top priority of the National Institute of Mental Health. The goal of translational science in mental health is to speed th…
Shaping a Science of Social Work
Social workers provide more social services to populations across the life span than any other human service profession, including psychiatry, nursing, and psychology. The scientific methodologies and the scientific knowledge relevant to social services have expanded dramatically in the last 30 years. Using the two indicators of the total number of journals and the impact factors of those journals, it would appear that social work’s contribution …
A model for measuring the implementation of community support programs
A Science of Social Work, and Social Work as an Integrative Scientific Discipline
There are two purposes to this article. The first is to update the science of social work framework. The second is to use recent discussions on the nature of realist science and on social work science to propose a definition of social work as an integrative scientific discipline that complements its definition as a profession
A Pilot Test of a Peer Navigator Intervention for Improving the Health of Individuals with Serious Mental Illness
Grand Challenges for Social Work
This invited article introduces the concept of grand challenges—ambitious yet achievable goals for society that mobilize the profession, capture the public’s imagination, and require innovation and breakthroughs in science and practice to achieve (Kalil, 2012). We call for broad and deep participation of social work scientists and practitioners in the Grand Challenges for Social Work initiative, which will be coordinated by the American Academy o…
Testing the Cross-Ethnic Construct Validity of the Brief Symptom Inventory
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine the cross-ethnic construct validity of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Method: The sample consisted of 1,166 individuals diagnosed with severe and persistent mental illness who were receiving treatment in community-based mental health programs. Multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis was used to test measurement invariance of the BSI's second-order factor model across three ethnic …
The Relationships Among Perceived Criticism, Family Contact, and Consumer Clinical and Psychosocial Functioning for African-American Consumers with Schizophrenia
Social Work Science and Identity Formation for Doctoral Scholars Within Intellectual Communities
Three themes are central to preparing doctoral students for the professoriate: identity formation, scientific integration, and intellectual communities. In this article, we argue that these three themes are not separate pillars but interlocking circles. Our main thesis is that (1) social work must develop into a distinct integrative scientific discipline; (2) this recognition is core to the identity formation of doctoral scholars and, reflectivel…
The American Academy of Social Work and Social Welfare
Conceptualized by social work deans and actualized with the support of major social work organizations, the American Academy of Social Work and Social Welfare was established in 2009. This article describes the historical context and creation of the Academy, whose objectives include recognizing outstanding social work scholars and practitioners; informing social policy by serving as a signal scientific source of information for the social work pr…
Implementation Practice and Implementation Research
The Interventions and Practice Research Infrastructure Program (IPRISP) funding mechanism was introduced by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) to bridge the gap between the worlds of services research and the usual care practice in the community. The goal was to build infrastructure that would provide a platform for research to establish the evidence base for improving mental health care available in diverse communities. This is done …
The impact of ethnicity on prospective functional outcomes from community‐based psychosocial rehabilitation for persons with schizophrenia
Ethnicity was examined for its relationship to prospective functional outcomes from community‐based psychosocial rehabilitation for individuals with schizophrenia. Participants were 98 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder who were admitted to two community‐based psychosocial rehabilitation programs. Previous studies had established that these programs were effective in improving functional outcomes. Data on hospita…
Scientific Imperatives in Social Work Research
It is argued in this paper that Martha Heineman ("The Obsolete Scientific Imperative in Social Work Research," Social Service Review 55 [September 1981]: 371-95) conflates pluralism and skepticism in science and dismisses any attempt to meet the aims of positivism through other rational means. A critique of her analysis, and responses to it, are used to explore the postpositivist dilemmas of social work research, especially the challenge to ratio…
Is It Safe? Community Integration for Individuals With Serious Mental Illnesses
Purpose: Community integration is a key component of recovery for individuals with serious mental illnesses (SMIs). The goal of the current study is to explore the nature and impact of safety concerns for experiences of communities for individuals with SMIs. Method: Using constructivist grounded theory, 30 semistructured interviews were analyzed to explore the depth and breadth of individuals’ safety concerns, how individuals manage these concern…
How Family Factors Impact Psychosocial Functioning for African American Consumers with Schizophrenia
Social Support-Centered Versus Symptom-Centered Models in Predicting Functional Outcomes for Individuals with Schizophrenia
Overall, the findings suggest that models for understanding functioning and interventions in schizophrenia need to be differentially focused, depending on the targeted outcome. Implications for social work practice and policy are discussed
Because I Am a Female”
Cross-Ethnic Invariance of BSI-18 in Individuals With Serious Mental Illness
Objective: This study examines the psychometric properties of the Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI-18), a measure of psychological distress, across European Americans, African Americans, and Latinos (N = 1,166) with serious mental illnesses. It also critiques traditional practices for evaluating measurement invariance and suggests new strategies (e.g., use of equivalence testing, incorporation of effect size information) for evaluating invariance.…
Recovery From Schizophrenia in Community-Based Psychosocial Rehabilitation Settings
Objective: We assessed the rate of recovery from schizophrenia in community-based psychosocial rehabilitation and whether psychosocial attributes predicted the achievement of recovery beyond demographic and clinical characteristics. Methods: We used data from 246 individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorder collected at baseline and at 6 and 12 months after admission to psychosocial rehabilitation. Results: The proportion of participants who …
Escape from Discrepancy
The Importance of Consumer Perceived Criticism on Clinical Outcomes for Outpatient African Americans with Schizophrenia
Longitudinal Invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale for Individuals With Schizophrenia
Objectives: This study examined the longitudinal structural stability of a subjective quality of life measure in an ethnically diverse sample of 331 adults with schizophrenia. Methods: Participants completed the Satisfaction With Life (SWL) scale at entry to community-based mental health services and again at 6 and 12 months. Five types of measurement invariance were tested using a series of multiple-group confirmatory factor analyses. Results: A…
The measurement of self-esteem among Korean Americans
Studies have indicated that Asians' self-esteem is generally lower than other ethnic groups'. The authors hypothesized that an item response bias would result in lower self-esteem scores for Asians. Specifically, it was hypothesized that positively worded items would be rated lower by Korean Americans but that there would be no difference on negatively worded items across ethnic groups. The hypothesis was tested using 214 individuals diagnosed wi…
Factors related to integrating persons with chronic mental illness into a peer social milieu
Scientific Imperatives in Social Work Research
It is argued in this paper that Martha Heineman ("The Obsolete Scientific Imperative in Social Work Research," Social Service Review 55 [September 1981]: 371-95) conflates pluralism and skepticism in science and dismisses any attempt to meet the aims of positivism through other rational means. A critique of her analysis, and responses to it, are used to explore the postpositivist dilemmas of social work research, especially the challenge to ratio…
Author's Reply
A model for measuring the implementation of community support programs
Factors related to integrating persons with chronic mental illness into a peer social milieu
Subjective experience in schizophrenia
The relative and combined effects of individual characteristics, severity of illness, psychosocial functioning, treatment intensity, and milieu variables on self-esteem, distress and satisfaction with life were examined in a study of 103 subjects diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, all of whom had been in either high-intensity or low-intensity community-based interventions for at least six months. Implications of the finding…
The impact of ethnicity on prospective functional outcomes from community‐based psychosocial rehabilitation for persons with schizophrenia
Ethnicity was examined for its relationship to prospective functional outcomes from community‐based psychosocial rehabilitation for individuals with schizophrenia. Participants were 98 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder who were admitted to two community‐based psychosocial rehabilitation programs. Previous studies had established that these programs were effective in improving functional outcomes. Data on hospita…
The measurement of self-esteem among Korean Americans
Studies have indicated that Asians' self-esteem is generally lower than other ethnic groups'. The authors hypothesized that an item response bias would result in lower self-esteem scores for Asians. Specifically, it was hypothesized that positively worded items would be rated lower by Korean Americans but that there would be no difference on negatively worded items across ethnic groups. The hypothesis was tested using 214 individuals diagnosed wi…
The measurement of self-esteem among Korean Americans
Translational Science at the National Institute of Mental Health
Several recent national reports have noted that there is a 20-year gap between knowledge generated from our best clinical research and the utilization of that knowledge in our health and mental health care sectors. One solution to this dilemma has been the emergence of translational science. Translational science has become a top priority of the National Institute of Mental Health. The goal of translational science in mental health is to speed th…
The Hamovitch Research Center
Journal Article The Hamovitch Research Center: An Experiment in Collective Responsibility for Advancing Science in the Human Services Get access Marilyn Flynn, PhD, Marilyn Flynn, PhD dean and professor School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar John S. Brekke, PhD, John S. Brekke, PhD Frances Larson Professor of Social Work Research School of Soci…
Testing the Cross-Ethnic Construct Validity of the Brief Symptom Inventory
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine the cross-ethnic construct validity of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Method: The sample consisted of 1,166 individuals diagnosed with severe and persistent mental illness who were receiving treatment in community-based mental health programs. Multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis was used to test measurement invariance of the BSI's second-order factor model across three ethnic …
The Relationships Among Perceived Criticism, Family Contact, and Consumer Clinical and Psychosocial Functioning for African-American Consumers with Schizophrenia
Longitudinal Invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale for Individuals With Schizophrenia
Objectives: This study examined the longitudinal structural stability of a subjective quality of life measure in an ethnically diverse sample of 331 adults with schizophrenia. Methods: Participants completed the Satisfaction With Life (SWL) scale at entry to community-based mental health services and again at 6 and 12 months. Five types of measurement invariance were tested using a series of multiple-group confirmatory factor analyses. Results: A…
Implementation Practice and Implementation Research
The Interventions and Practice Research Infrastructure Program (IPRISP) funding mechanism was introduced by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) to bridge the gap between the worlds of services research and the usual care practice in the community. The goal was to build infrastructure that would provide a platform for research to establish the evidence base for improving mental health care available in diverse communities. This is done …
How Family Factors Impact Psychosocial Functioning for African American Consumers with Schizophrenia
The Importance of Consumer Perceived Criticism on Clinical Outcomes for Outpatient African Americans with Schizophrenia
Shaping a Science of Social Work
Social workers provide more social services to populations across the life span than any other human service profession, including psychiatry, nursing, and psychology. The scientific methodologies and the scientific knowledge relevant to social services have expanded dramatically in the last 30 years. Using the two indicators of the total number of journals and the impact factors of those journals, it would appear that social work’s contribution …
Grand Challenges for Social Work
This invited article introduces the concept of grand challenges—ambitious yet achievable goals for society that mobilize the profession, capture the public’s imagination, and require innovation and breakthroughs in science and practice to achieve (Kalil, 2012). We call for broad and deep participation of social work scientists and practitioners in the Grand Challenges for Social Work initiative, which will be coordinated by the American Academy o…
A Science of Social Work, and Social Work as an Integrative Scientific Discipline
There are two purposes to this article. The first is to update the science of social work framework. The second is to use recent discussions on the nature of realist science and on social work science to propose a definition of social work as an integrative scientific discipline that complements its definition as a profession
A Pilot Test of a Peer Navigator Intervention for Improving the Health of Individuals with Serious Mental Illness
Social Work Science and Identity Formation for Doctoral Scholars Within Intellectual Communities
Three themes are central to preparing doctoral students for the professoriate: identity formation, scientific integration, and intellectual communities. In this article, we argue that these three themes are not separate pillars but interlocking circles. Our main thesis is that (1) social work must develop into a distinct integrative scientific discipline; (2) this recognition is core to the identity formation of doctoral scholars and, reflectivel…
The American Academy of Social Work and Social Welfare
Conceptualized by social work deans and actualized with the support of major social work organizations, the American Academy of Social Work and Social Welfare was established in 2009. This article describes the historical context and creation of the Academy, whose objectives include recognizing outstanding social work scholars and practitioners; informing social policy by serving as a signal scientific source of information for the social work pr…
Recovery From Schizophrenia in Community-Based Psychosocial Rehabilitation Settings
Objective: We assessed the rate of recovery from schizophrenia in community-based psychosocial rehabilitation and whether psychosocial attributes predicted the achievement of recovery beyond demographic and clinical characteristics. Methods: We used data from 246 individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorder collected at baseline and at 6 and 12 months after admission to psychosocial rehabilitation. Results: The proportion of participants who …
Escape from Discrepancy
Suicide Attempt Status and Quality of Life Disparity Among Individuals with Schizophrenia
Objective: Survivors of a suicide attempt are at greater risk for future suicide than those who have no history of such attempts (i.e., non-attempters), particularly in the context of schizophrenia. Although disparity between attempt survivors and non-attempters in quality of life (QoL) can potentially influence suicide risk disparity over time, no known longitudinal work has focused on QoL disparities between these groups. This study examined 2 …
Psychology (26 works) · Psychiatry (21 works) · Clinical Psychology (17 works) · Clinical Psychology (16 works) · Medicine (16 works) · Mental Health and Patient Involvement (16 works) · Mental Health Treatment and Access (15 works) · Schizophrenia research and treatment (14 works) · Sociology (12 works) · Mental health (11 works)