David G Barber
Biographic Data
| ID | 5593033 |
|---|---|
| NAME | David G Barber |
| GIVEN NAMES | David G |
| FAMILY NAME | Barber |
| SIGNATURE | BARBER D G |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Manitoba |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9466-3291 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 35 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 0 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 35 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1991 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 0 |
An overview of the Nemo modelling for the BaySys project
This article is intended as an introduction to discuss the development of a modelling framework to examine simulated climate change and river discharge regulation and their combined impact on marine conditions in the Hudson Bay Complex as a contribution to BaySys, a collaborative project between Manitoba Hydro, Hydro-Quebec, the University of Manitoba, the University of Alberta, Université Laval and Ouranos. In support of this work, a sea ice and…
Plume dispersion from the Nelson and Hayes rivers into Hudson Bay using satellite remote sensing of CDOM and suspended sediment
Change in the dispersion pattern of Arctic river plumes due to climate change and hydroelectric regulation is challenging to monitor, calling for synoptic and continuous observation using satellite remote sensing. Algorithms for colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and total suspended solids (TSS) were applied to moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery to study Nelson and Hayes river plume dispersion into southwestern Hud…
Landfast sea ice in Hudson Bay and James Bay
Through analysis of Canadian Ice Service ice charts, we have characterized the temporal and spatial variability of landfast sea ice (or fast ice) surrounding Hudson Bay and James Bay from 2000 to 2019. Over this 19-year period, we observed contrasting changes in fast-ice persistence between the western and eastern sides of Hudson Bay and James Bay. Fast ice in western Hudson Bay and James Bay trended towards later freeze-up and earlier break-up t…
On the Intermittent Formation of an Ice Bridge (Nunniq) across Roes Welcome Sound, Northwestern Hudson Bay, and Its Use to Local Inuit Hunters
Ice bridges are unique features that form when sea ice consolidates and remains immobilized within channels. They form in many locations throughout the Arctic and are typically noted for the polynyas that form on their lee side. However, ice bridges also provide a temporary platform that may be used by both humans and wildlife to cross otherwise impassable channels. For generations, Inuit in Coral Harbour, Nunavut, have used an ice bridge to cros…
The ice factory of Hudson Bay
Within the dynamic seasonal ice cover of Hudson Bay, the Kivalliq Polynya is a large latent heat polynya that forms throughout winter in the northwest as a result of strong northwesterly offshore surface winds. Polynyas are known to be physically, biologically, and geochemically important and contribute to the regional ice mass balance; however, the Kivalliq Polynya has yet to be characterized in terms of spatiotemporal variability and ice produc…
A baseline evaluation of atmospheric and river discharge conditions in the Hudson Bay Complex during 2016–2018
In this article, we examine atmospheric and river discharge conditions within the Hudson Bay Complex for the BaySys 2016–2018 field program time frame. Investigated in particular is a subset of European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis - Interim (ERA-Interim) atmospheric forcing variables, namely 2-m surface temperature, 10-m surface winds, precipitation, and sea-level pressure, in addition to river discharge. Results…
A baseline evaluation of oceanographic and sea ice conditions in the Hudson Bay Complex during 2016–2018
In this paper, we examine sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and sea ice conditions in the Hudson Bay Complex as a baseline evaluation for the BaySys 2016–2018 field program time frame. Investigated in particular are spatiotemporal patterns in SST and sea ice state and dynamics, with rankings of the latter to highlight extreme conditions relative to the examined 1981–2010 climatology. Results from this study show that SSTs in northwestern Hudson Bay…
Environmental drivers of spring primary production in Hudson Bay
Pertinent environmental factors influencing the microalgal bloom during sea-ice breakup in Hudson Bay were investigated in June 2018, producing the first observations of late spring primary production in the offshore waters of this vast inland sea. Phytoplankton production was found to commence at the onset of ice melt, with surface nutrient depletion leading to the formation of a subsurface chlorophyll maximum in the open waters of western Hudso…
Sediment-laden sea ice in southern Hudson Bay
During a research expedition in Hudson Bay in June 2018, vast areas of thick (>10 m), deformed sediment-laden sea ice were encountered unexpectedly in southern Hudson Bay and presented difficult navigation conditions for the Canadian Coast Guard Ship Amundsen. An aerial survey of one of these floes revealed a maximum ridge height of 4.6 m and an average freeboard of 2.2 m, which corresponds to an estimated total thickness of 18 m, far greater tha…
Simulated impacts of relative climate change and river discharge regulation on sea ice and oceanographic conditions in the Hudson Bay Complex
In this analysis, we examine relative contributions from climate change and river discharge regulation to changes in marine conditions in the Hudson Bay Complex using a subset of five atmospheric forcing scenarios from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), river discharge data from the Hydrological Predictions for the Environment (HYPE) model, both naturalized (without anthropogenic intervention) and regulated (anthropogenica…
Multi-scale observations of the co-evolution of sea ice thermophysical properties and microwave brightness temperatures during the summer melt period in Hudson Bay
Monitoring the trend of sea ice breakup and formation in Hudson Bay is vital for maritime operations, such as local hunting or shipping, particularly in response to the lengthening of the ice-free period in the Bay driven by climate change. Satellite passive microwave sea ice concentration products are commonly used for large-scale sea ice monitoring and predictive modelling; however, these product algorithms are known to underperform during the …
Atmospheric vorticity sets the basin-scale circulation in Hudson Bay
Hudson Bay of northern Canada receives upward of 700 km3 of river discharge annually. Cyclonic water circulation in Hudson Bay transports this massive volume of riverine water along the coast toward Hudson Strait and into the Labrador Sea. However, synoptic, seasonal and interannual variability of the freshwater transport in Hudson Bay remains unclear. Using yearlong observations of current velocity profiles, collected from oceanographic moorings…
Enhanced bottom-ice algal biomass across a tidal strait in the Kitikmeot Sea of the Canadian Arctic
Sea ice algae are an important contributor of primary production in the Arctic ecosystem. Within the bottom-ice environment, access to nutrients from the underlying ocean is a major factor controlling production, phenology, and taxonomic composition of ice algae. Previous studies have demonstrated that tides and currents play an important role in driving the flux of nutrients to bottom-ice algal communities when biological demand during the sprin…
Essential gaps and uncertainties in the understanding of the roles and functions of Arctic sea ice
While Arctic sea ice is changing, new observation methods are developed and process understanding improves, whereas gaps in observations and understanding evolve. Some previous gaps are filled, while others remain, or come up new. Knowing about the status of observation and knowledge gaps is important for interpreting observation and research results, interpretation and use of key climate indicators, and for research and observation planning. Thi…
Climate change and sea ice
The seasonally ice-covered waters of Hudson Bay, James Bay, Foxe Basin, and Hudson Strait (“the study area”) are bordered by 39 communities with a total population of roughly 50,000 people, most of whom are Inuit or Cree. Sea ice is a cornerstone of the environment and culture of the study area but is also the main barrier to shipping traffic, which has been growing in the area. This paper presents a review of sea ice and shipping in the study ar…
Wind-forced depth-dependent currents over the eastern Beaufort Sea continental slope
Pacific water contributes significantly to the Arctic Ocean freshwater budget. Recent increases in Arctic freshwater flux, also affected by the Pacific-derived Arctic water, impact the Atlantic overturning circulation with implications for global climate. The interannual variability of the Pacific water outflow remains poorly understood, partly due to different branches of the Pacific water flow in the Arctic Ocean. The shelfbreak current over th…
Pan-arctic winter drift speeds and changing patterns of sea ice motion
Monthly mean passive microwave-derived sea-ice motion maps for 36 winters (October–April) are used to examine pan-Arctic sea-ice drift speeds and patterns. The mean Arctic Ocean sea-ice motion consists of three well-known primary circulation regimes: the Beaufort Gyre (BG), transpolar drift (TPD), and a motion system from the Kara Sea (KS). The 36-year mean winter sea-ice drift pattern is used to identify the average boundaries between the circul…
Climate change and sea ice
Shipping traffic has been increasing in Hudson Strait and Hudson Bay and the shipping route through these waters to the Port of Churchill may soon become a federally-designated transportation corridor. A dataset on passive microwave-based sea ice concentration was used to characterize the timing of the ice on the shipping corridor to the Port between 1980 and 2014. Efforts were made to produce results in a readily accessible format for stakeholde…
Importance of combined winter and summer Arctic Oscillation (AO) on September sea ice extent
We examine the influence of winter and summer Arctic Oscillation (AO) on variations in the September Arctic sea ice extent (SIE). The winter and summer atmospheric patterns associated with year-to-year variations and detrended September SIE correlate with the positive winter AO and the negative summer AO, respectively. However, the interannual variations of winter and summer AO indices after 2007 are more weakly connected with year-to-year variat…
Micrometeorological and Thermal Control of Frost Flower Growth and Decay on Young Sea Ice
Frost flowers are transient crystal structures that form on new and young sea ice surfaces. They have been implicated in a variety of biological, chemical, and physical processes and interactions with the atmosphere at the sea ice surface. We describe the atmospheric and radiative conditions and the physical and thermal properties of the sea ice and atmosphere that form, decay, and destroy frost flowers on young sea ice. Frost flower formation oc…
Climate change and ice hazards in the Beaufort Sea
Recent reductions in the summer extent of sea ice have focused the world’s attention on the effects of climate change. Increased CO2-derived global warming is rapidly shrinking the Arctic multi-year ice pack. This shift in ice regimes allows for increasing development opportunities for large oil and gas deposits known to occur throughout the Arctic. Here we show that hazardous ice features remain a threat to stationary and mobile infrastructure i…
Remote Estimates of Ice Algae Biomass and Their Response to Environmental Conditions during Spring Melt
In this study, we support previous work showing that a normalized difference index (NDI) using two spectral bands of transmitted irradiance (478 and 490 nm) can be used as a non-invasive method to estimate sea ice chlorophyll a (chl a) following a simple calibration to the local region. Application of this method during the spring bloom period (9 May to 26 June) provided the first non-invasive time series dataset used to monitor changes in bottom…
Summer Sea Ice Concentration, Motion, and Thickness Near Areas of Proposed Offshore Oil and Gas Development in the Canadian Beaufort Sea – 2009
This study was motivated by the potential development of offshore oil exploration leases in the Canadian Southern Beaufort Sea, an area within the Inuvialuit Settlement Region. Sea ice concentration, extent, motion, and thickness data are vital to the success of potential oil operations in this region, and relevant data cannot be gleaned from larger-scale hemispheric studies. We therefore undertook regionally specific sea ice analyses in the sout…
Occurrence, Distribution and Behaviour of Beluga ( Delphinapterus leucas ) and Bowhead ( Balaena mysticetus ) Whales at the Franklin Bay Ice Edge in June 2008
Ice edges and polynyas have long been noted for their high biological productivity within the Arctic environment. In June 2008, an aggregation of belugas and bowheads was identified at the Franklin Bay ice edge in the eastern Beaufort Sea, adjacent to the Cape Bathurst polynya. We conducted five ice-edge surveys by helicopter to study the distribution and behaviour of the whales. Bowheads were sighted in significantly shallower water than belugas…
Landfast Sea Ice Conditions in the Canadian Arctic
We used Canadian Ice Service (CIS) digital charts from 1983 to 2009 to create a climatology of landfast sea ice in the Canadian Arctic. The climatology characterized the spatial distribution and variability of landfast ice through an average annual cycle and identified the mean onset date, breakup date, and duration of landfast ice. Trends in date and duration of onset and breakup were calculated over the 26-year period on the basis of CIS region…
No prominent works on this page.
Calibration of Aerial Thermal Infrared Imagery for Walrus Population Assessment
Concurrent aerial photography and emitted thermal infrared (10.6 micro meters) imagery were acquired over walrus hauled out on sea ice in Foxe Basin, Northwest Territories, Canada. Digital thermal infrared data from a Forward Looking Infrared (FLIR) imager provides a method for estimating walrus numbers, since the objects (walrus groups) are considerably warmer than the background (ocean and sea ice). Coincident photographic counts and thermal in…
Measuring Climatic State Variables from SAR Images of Sea Ice
In this paper we consider three aspects of arctic sea ice climate studies: a review of climate processes related to a seasonal sea ice cover, a review of how climate state variables related to the reviewed processes may be measured using remote sensing data, and an analysis of the relative utility of tonal versus textural clarification of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of sea ice. The two reviews are presented in the context of a field val…
Spatial and Temporal Variation of Sea Ice Geophysical Properties and Microwave Remote Sensing Observations
In this paper we present results from a sea ice field experiment conducted coincidentally with overflights of orbital and aerial remote sensing instrumentation in Resolute Passage and Barrow Strait, Northwest Territories, Canada. Our principal focus is to describe the spatial and temporal distribution of selected geophysical variables in the context of how microwave energy interacts with this seasonally varying snow-covered sea ice surface. Over …
The SIMMS Program
This paper describes the scientific context of an experimental program for an eight year study of change and variability within the marine cryosphere in the Canadian Arctic and summarizes the field program since its inception in 1990. The focus is on understanding the process linkages between the atmosphere, cryosphere and ocean at the sea ice interface and in establishing a method by which these processes can be modeled numerically. Remote sensi…
On the Links between Microwave and Solar Wavelength Interactions with Snow-Covered First-Year Sea Ice
Electromagnetic (EM) energy at solar and microwavelengths will interact with a snow-covered sea ice volume as a function of its geophysical properties. The seasonal metamorphosis of the snow cover modulates the relative distribution of the three main interaction mechanisms of EM energy: reflection, transmission, and absorption. We use a combination of modeling and observational data to illustrate how the total relative scattering cross section (S…
Examination of Beluga-habitat Relationships through the Use of Telemetry and a Geographic Information System
The spatial and temporal relationships between belugas (Delphinapterus leucas) and two characteristics of their habitat - bathymetry and ice concentration - were examined. Observed location-habitat correspondence histograms were compared to random location-habitat histograms, using a Kolmogorov-Smirnoff (K-S) statistical test. Results show that beluga distribution is bimodal with respect to bathymetry, with a larger mode in shallow water and a sm…
Historical Analysis of Sea Ice Conditions in M'Clintock Channel and the Gulf of Boothia, Nunavut
Sea ice is an integral part of the marine ecosystem in the Arctic and important habitat for ringed seals and polar bears. To study changes in sea ice characteristics indicative of ringed seal habitat (and linked, through predator/prey relationships, to polar bear habitat), we examined historical changes in sea ice concentration and type within M'Clintock Channel and the Gulf of Boothia, two regions of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, during 1980-…
Islands of the Arctic
Islands of the Arctic." Cartographica: The International Journal for Geographic Information and Geovisualization, 40(3), pp. 128–129
A Hard Rain Fell
The Changing Climate of the Arctic
The first and strongest signs of global-scale climate change exist in the high latitudes of the planet. Evidence is now accumulating that the Arctic is warming, and responses are being observed across physical, biological, and social systems. The impact of climate change on oceanographic, sea-ice, and atmospheric processes is demonstrated in observational studies that highlight changes in temperature and salinity, which influence global oceanic c…
Occurrence, Distribution and Behaviour of Beluga ( Delphinapterus leucas ) and Bowhead ( Balaena mysticetus ) Whales at the Franklin Bay Ice Edge in June 2008
Ice edges and polynyas have long been noted for their high biological productivity within the Arctic environment. In June 2008, an aggregation of belugas and bowheads was identified at the Franklin Bay ice edge in the eastern Beaufort Sea, adjacent to the Cape Bathurst polynya. We conducted five ice-edge surveys by helicopter to study the distribution and behaviour of the whales. Bowheads were sighted in significantly shallower water than belugas…
Landfast Sea Ice Conditions in the Canadian Arctic
We used Canadian Ice Service (CIS) digital charts from 1983 to 2009 to create a climatology of landfast sea ice in the Canadian Arctic. The climatology characterized the spatial distribution and variability of landfast ice through an average annual cycle and identified the mean onset date, breakup date, and duration of landfast ice. Trends in date and duration of onset and breakup were calculated over the 26-year period on the basis of CIS region…
Summer Sea Ice Concentration, Motion, and Thickness Near Areas of Proposed Offshore Oil and Gas Development in the Canadian Beaufort Sea – 2009
This study was motivated by the potential development of offshore oil exploration leases in the Canadian Southern Beaufort Sea, an area within the Inuvialuit Settlement Region. Sea ice concentration, extent, motion, and thickness data are vital to the success of potential oil operations in this region, and relevant data cannot be gleaned from larger-scale hemispheric studies. We therefore undertook regionally specific sea ice analyses in the sout…
Climate change and ice hazards in the Beaufort Sea
Recent reductions in the summer extent of sea ice have focused the world’s attention on the effects of climate change. Increased CO2-derived global warming is rapidly shrinking the Arctic multi-year ice pack. This shift in ice regimes allows for increasing development opportunities for large oil and gas deposits known to occur throughout the Arctic. Here we show that hazardous ice features remain a threat to stationary and mobile infrastructure i…
Remote Estimates of Ice Algae Biomass and Their Response to Environmental Conditions during Spring Melt
In this study, we support previous work showing that a normalized difference index (NDI) using two spectral bands of transmitted irradiance (478 and 490 nm) can be used as a non-invasive method to estimate sea ice chlorophyll a (chl a) following a simple calibration to the local region. Application of this method during the spring bloom period (9 May to 26 June) provided the first non-invasive time series dataset used to monitor changes in bottom…
Micrometeorological and Thermal Control of Frost Flower Growth and Decay on Young Sea Ice
Frost flowers are transient crystal structures that form on new and young sea ice surfaces. They have been implicated in a variety of biological, chemical, and physical processes and interactions with the atmosphere at the sea ice surface. We describe the atmospheric and radiative conditions and the physical and thermal properties of the sea ice and atmosphere that form, decay, and destroy frost flowers on young sea ice. Frost flower formation oc…
Importance of combined winter and summer Arctic Oscillation (AO) on September sea ice extent
We examine the influence of winter and summer Arctic Oscillation (AO) on variations in the September Arctic sea ice extent (SIE). The winter and summer atmospheric patterns associated with year-to-year variations and detrended September SIE correlate with the positive winter AO and the negative summer AO, respectively. However, the interannual variations of winter and summer AO indices after 2007 are more weakly connected with year-to-year variat…
Climate change and sea ice
Shipping traffic has been increasing in Hudson Strait and Hudson Bay and the shipping route through these waters to the Port of Churchill may soon become a federally-designated transportation corridor. A dataset on passive microwave-based sea ice concentration was used to characterize the timing of the ice on the shipping corridor to the Port between 1980 and 2014. Efforts were made to produce results in a readily accessible format for stakeholde…
Climate change and sea ice
The seasonally ice-covered waters of Hudson Bay, James Bay, Foxe Basin, and Hudson Strait (“the study area”) are bordered by 39 communities with a total population of roughly 50,000 people, most of whom are Inuit or Cree. Sea ice is a cornerstone of the environment and culture of the study area but is also the main barrier to shipping traffic, which has been growing in the area. This paper presents a review of sea ice and shipping in the study ar…
Wind-forced depth-dependent currents over the eastern Beaufort Sea continental slope
Pacific water contributes significantly to the Arctic Ocean freshwater budget. Recent increases in Arctic freshwater flux, also affected by the Pacific-derived Arctic water, impact the Atlantic overturning circulation with implications for global climate. The interannual variability of the Pacific water outflow remains poorly understood, partly due to different branches of the Pacific water flow in the Arctic Ocean. The shelfbreak current over th…
Pan-arctic winter drift speeds and changing patterns of sea ice motion
Monthly mean passive microwave-derived sea-ice motion maps for 36 winters (October–April) are used to examine pan-Arctic sea-ice drift speeds and patterns. The mean Arctic Ocean sea-ice motion consists of three well-known primary circulation regimes: the Beaufort Gyre (BG), transpolar drift (TPD), and a motion system from the Kara Sea (KS). The 36-year mean winter sea-ice drift pattern is used to identify the average boundaries between the circul…
Enhanced bottom-ice algal biomass across a tidal strait in the Kitikmeot Sea of the Canadian Arctic
Sea ice algae are an important contributor of primary production in the Arctic ecosystem. Within the bottom-ice environment, access to nutrients from the underlying ocean is a major factor controlling production, phenology, and taxonomic composition of ice algae. Previous studies have demonstrated that tides and currents play an important role in driving the flux of nutrients to bottom-ice algal communities when biological demand during the sprin…
Essential gaps and uncertainties in the understanding of the roles and functions of Arctic sea ice
While Arctic sea ice is changing, new observation methods are developed and process understanding improves, whereas gaps in observations and understanding evolve. Some previous gaps are filled, while others remain, or come up new. Knowing about the status of observation and knowledge gaps is important for interpreting observation and research results, interpretation and use of key climate indicators, and for research and observation planning. Thi…
Multi-scale observations of the co-evolution of sea ice thermophysical properties and microwave brightness temperatures during the summer melt period in Hudson Bay
Monitoring the trend of sea ice breakup and formation in Hudson Bay is vital for maritime operations, such as local hunting or shipping, particularly in response to the lengthening of the ice-free period in the Bay driven by climate change. Satellite passive microwave sea ice concentration products are commonly used for large-scale sea ice monitoring and predictive modelling; however, these product algorithms are known to underperform during the …
Atmospheric vorticity sets the basin-scale circulation in Hudson Bay
Hudson Bay of northern Canada receives upward of 700 km3 of river discharge annually. Cyclonic water circulation in Hudson Bay transports this massive volume of riverine water along the coast toward Hudson Strait and into the Labrador Sea. However, synoptic, seasonal and interannual variability of the freshwater transport in Hudson Bay remains unclear. Using yearlong observations of current velocity profiles, collected from oceanographic moorings…
Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics (33 works) · Geology (33 works) · Oceanography (32 works) · Sea ice (29 works) · Environmental Science (28 works) · Climatology (24 works) · Climate change and permafrost (20 works) · Arctic ice pack (18 works) · Bay (18 works) · Geography (18 works)