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Carlos Meléndez

Biographic Data

ID560141
NAMECarlos Meléndez
GIVEN NAMESCarlos
FAMILY NAMEMeléndez
SIGNATUREMELÉNDEZ C
AFFILIATIONSDiego Portales University
ORCID0000-0001-8394-7045
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS26
TOTAL CITATIONS420
AUTHOR COUNT26
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR1967
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2025
H-INDEX8
  • The Chilean (Anti-) Voter

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Latin American Politics and Society•2025

    This response memo offers a critical reassessment of the claim that ideological self-placement in Chile reflects a form of social identity. While the article under discussion provides compelling evidence of ideological stability, it risks conflating political linkage with social identity formation. In contexts of partisan decline, such as Chile’s post-authoritarian landscape, ideological categories may persist not as thick communal identities but…

  • Identidades partidarias negativas como vínculos políticos en América Latina

    Open Access•Julia Cavieres, Jesús Guzmán-Castillo et al.•ARTICLE•Colombia Internacional•2025

    Objective/Context: In a context of increasing weakening of party affiliation in Latin America, this article explores negative partisanship as a form of political attachment. Unlike previous studies that focus on positive partisan identities, this study examines the ideological orientations of individuals who express animosity toward political parties and lack partisan sympathies. Methodology: Using nationally representative surveys and original m…

  • Strong Partisans, Conditional Democrats? Partisanship and Reactions to Electoral Outcomes in Argentina

    Open Access•Ezequiel González-Ocantos, Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Comparative Political Studies•2025•References: 63

    Partisans who back self-interested illiberal measures jeopardize democracy. We explore important precursors of support for backsliding using survey and focus group data from severely polarized Argentina. First, we show that partisans construct regime stereotypes, depicting “friends” as democratic and “foes” as authoritarian. This offers fertile ground for justifying exclusionary policies. Second, through an experiment with post-election scenarios…

  • Urbi et Orbi: Local Power and National Aspiration in Peru's Populist Radical Right

    Open Access•Zsofia Bocskay, Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Journal of Politics in Latin…•2025•References: 33

    How does the populist radical right (PRR) use local office to pursue national political ambitions? This article analyzes the case of Rafael López Aliaga, mayor of Lima and leader of Peru’s PRR party Popular Renewal. Drawing on a qualitative analysis of 21 televised interviews from his first two years in office, we argue that López Aliaga employs PRR rhetoric—combining populist and ultra-conservative themes—to project national ambitions while esta…

  • Recasting of the Latin American Right: Polarization and Conservative Reactions

    Carlos Meléndez, Julia Albarracin et al.•BOOK•Recasting of the Latin American…•2024

    This book analyzes the transformation of the political right in Latin America in response to the strengthening of left-wing parties and movements throughout the region. While Latin America's post-2000 left has been widely studied, little is known about right-wing political formations during and after that time. There is a paucity of research on recent phenomena associated with the reorganization of the Right: the polarization of Latin American el…

  • Rethinking the Role of Issue-Voting in Referenda: Conjoint and Vote Choice Analyses of Preferences for Constitutional Change in Chile

    Ezequiel González-Ocantos, Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Comparative Politics•2024•Cited by: 8•References: 19

    What determines the vote in referenda: issue-preferences or second-order considerations? Scholars suggest issue-voting is stronger in salient elections. Based on survey data collected during Chile's constitutional referendum, the article challenges this argument. An innovative conjoint experiment allows us to estimate if different elements of the constitution sunk the proposal. Coupled with vote choice models, results indicate that second-order c…

  • The Resilience of Democratic Values Under Difficult Conditions. The Case of Guatemala 2012-2021

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Revista Latinoamericana de…•2023

    This article describes the evolution of democratic attitudes in Guatemala between 2012 and 2021 and identifies, at the political system level, the contextual factors that have contributed to changes in attitudes over time. For this purpose, we trace the linkages between recent political, economic, and social development indicators/trends and public opinion data. Based on cluster analysis of nationally representative survey data, we group of citiz…

  • Mainstream Voters, Non-Voters and Populist Voters: What Sets Them Apart

    Open Access•Cédric M Koch, Carlos Meléndez et al.•ARTICLE•Political Studies•2023•Cited by: 16•References: 54

    Three different constituencies are becoming increasingly common across Western European electorates: mainstream voters, non-voters and populist voters. Despite their distinct behaviours in electoral politics, we have limited empirical knowledge about the characteristics that distinguish these three groups, given the typical underrepresentation of non-voters in surveys and the relative recency of large-scale research on populist voters. To address…

  • Using Demographics to Predict Palliative Care Access in Inpatient Facilities in Rural North Carolina

    Open Access•Lee Ann Johnson, Carlos Meléndez et al.•ARTICLE•The Journal of Rural Health•2021

    PURPOSE: For individuals with cancer, palliative care improves quality of life, mood, and survival. Rural residents experience limited access to palliative care. In eastern North Carolina, a rural area, little is known about access to inpatient cancer-related palliative care. This study describes access to inpatient palliative care and developed a predictive model of who was most likely to be admitted to an inpatient facility without a palliative…

  • Negative partisanship towards the populist radical right and democratic resilience in Western Europe

    Carlos Meléndez, Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser•ARTICLE•Democratization•2021•Cited by: 57•References: 42

    Democracy is under threat today and scholars agree that the main challenge is not sudden regime breakdown, but rather the gradual erosion of key institutions and norms because of growing public support to political forces with illiberal tendencies. In the case of Western Europe, the major threat comes from the populist radical right. Although it is true that the latter has been gaining votes in Western Europe, scholars have not analysed the exten…

  • Chile 2020: Pandemia Y Plebiscito Constitucional

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez, Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser et al.•ARTICLE•Revista de ciencia política•2021•Cited by: 12•References: 7

    There are two milestones that marked Chilean politics during 2020: the COVID-19 pandemic, and the constitutional plebiscite. While the former was an absolutely unexpected phenomenon that forced an important turn in the country's political agenda, the result of latter was foreseeable yet surprising. In fact, the plebiscite was likely to end in a triumph of the option in favour of constitutional change, but the forcefulness of the result was surpri…

  • Carrots and sticks: Experimental evidence of vote-buying and voter intimidation in Guatemala

    Open Access•Ezequiel González-Ocantos, Chad Kiewiet De Jonge et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Peace Research•2020•Cited by: 23•References: 53

    How do parties target intimidation and vote-buying during elections? Parties prefer the use of carrots over sticks because they are in the business of getting voters to like them and expect higher legitimacy costs if observers expose intimidation. However, their brokers sometimes choose intimidation because it is cheaper and possibly more effective than vote-buying. Specifically, we contend that brokers use intimidation when the cost of buying vo…

  • La derecha que se bifurca. Las vertientes populista-conservadora y tecnocrática-liberal en Perú post-2000

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Colombia Internacional•2019•Cited by: 3•References: 14

    Objective/context: The article gives an account of the bifurcation of the Peruvian right in two different and distant camps. Despite the common origin of the adjustment reforms implemented by Alberto Fujimori’s government in the early 1990s, the populist and technocratic branches of the Peruvian right each took their own path. While the re-composition of Fujimorismo in the new century opted for the populist path, the technical elites found in Per…

  • Political identities: The missing link in the study of populism

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez, Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser•ARTICLE•Party Politics•2019•Cited by: 65•References: 48

    Political identities are crucial for understanding electoral behavior: individuals who identify with a political party behave as loyal supporters who would hardly vote for competitors old or new. Although this is an obvious observation, it has received little attention in the study of populism—a set of ideas that not only portrays established political parties as corrupt and self-serving entities but also depicts “the people” as a homogenous and …

  • Ecuador: Una década de correísmo

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez, Paolo Moncagatta•ARTICLE•Revista de ciencia política•2017•Cited by: 12•References: 10

    El 2016 fue un año complejo para el Ecuador. En el frente económico, el país cayó oficialmente en recesión. El terremoto de abril de ese año agudizó la emergencia económica. En el plano político, la popularidad presidencial entró en declive por el impacto de la recesión. En este contexto dio inicio la campaña electoral para fijar la sucesión de Rafael Correa: el oficialismo barajó varias opciones para definir su candidato presidencial y la oposic…

  • Parties under Stress: Using a Linkage Decay Framework to Analyze the Chilean Party System

    Open Access•Jana Morgan, Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Journal of Politics in Latin…•2016•Cited by: 12•References: 10

    Conventional wisdom suggests Chile's party system is highly institutionalized. However, recent declines in participation and partisanship have begun to raise questions about this veneer of stability. This article assesses the current state of the Chilean party system, analyzing its ability to provide linkage. We specify a theoretical framework for identifying challenges to linkage and constraints on necessary adaptation. We then use this framewor…

  • Perú 2012: Atrapados Por La Historia

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez, Paolo Sosa Villagarcia•ARTICLE•Revista de ciencia política•2013•Cited by: 1

    se ha caracterizado la dinámica política peruana como una gran continuidad tanto a nivel de régimen político y económico, como de los factores que la condicionan: gobernabilidad como resultado de un equilibrio de baja intensidad compuesto por ejecutivos débiles pero sin oposiciones vinculadas con la movilización social.administraciones tanto pro-establishment como reformistas (como la reciente de Ollanta Humala) aparecen "atrapados por la histori…

  • Vote Buying and Social Desirability Bias: Experimental Evidence from Nicaragua

    Open Access•Ezequiel González-Ocantos, Ezequiel González‐ocanto et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Political…•2012•Cited by: 199•References: 37

    Qualitative studies of vote buying find the practice to be common in many Latin American countries, but quantitative studies using surveys find little evidence of vote buying. Social desirability bias can account for this discrepancy. We employ a survey‐based list experiment to minimize the problem. After the 2008 Nicaraguan municipal elections, we asked about vote‐buying behavior by campaigns using a list experiment and the questions traditional…

  • Consideraciones sobre la gobernabilidad como determinante del comportamiento electoral en Colombia: Elecciones presidenciales de 2010

    Open Access•Fredy A Barrero, Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Colombia Internacional•2011•Cited by: 5

    This article makes a contribution in the literature on electoral behavior in Colombia. Previous explanations have employed theories that emphasize the explanatory power of income, psico-social considerations and retrospective evaluation in order to assess the impact of programmatic, clientelistic and personalistic party-voter linkages on vote-choice. There is a gap in the literature that we propose to fill through the inclusion of governability a…

  • Perú 2009: Los Legados Del Autoritarismo

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez, Carlos León•ARTICLE•Revista de ciencia política•2010•Cited by: 3•References: 2

    a casi una década de la apertura del régimen político posterior al gobierno de alberto Fujimori (1990Fujimori ( -2000)), se hace evidente la fortaleza de los legados autoritarios que no han sido desmontados en su totalidad por los últimos dos gobiernos elegidos democráticamente.Los problemas de gobernabilidad que enfrenta el perú, que se expresan a través de conflictos sociales (el Baguazo) y casos de corrupción estatal de alto nivel (petroaudios…

  • Entre el crecimiento económico y la insatisfacción social: Las protestas sociales en el Perú actual

    Romeo Grompone, Martin Tanaka et al.•BOOK•Entre el crecimiento económico y…•2009

    "Entre los temas tratados se encuentran el poder real de los alcaldes provinciales, las tensiones entre las autoridades locales y los maestros de Ayacucho, las protestas cocaleras, y los conflictos entre las comunidades y la empresa minera Yanacocha en Cajamarca. Una publicación que permite comprender los movimientos sociales en el contexto de una transición democrática inestable, la débil intervención del Estado en algunas zonas, y un crecimient…

  • Perú 2008: El Juego De Ajedrez De La Gobernabilidad en Partidas Simultáneas

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez, Carlos León•ARTICLE•Revista de ciencia política•2009•Cited by: 4•References: 1

    El segundo gobierno de Alan Garcia (2006-2011) enfrenta problemas de gobernabilidad. Ante la debilidad de una oposicion organizada e institucionalizada (en el Legislativo o en los gobiernos regionales), los desafios a la estabilidad politica provienen de conflictos sociales localizados en el interior del pais, que se caracterizan por sus dificultades en la agregacion de intereses (atomizacion y particularismo de las demandas) y su desconexion con…

  • Recepción del discurso de género: "La experiencia comunicativa de "Andamios

    Open Access•Gonzolo Portocarrero Maisch, Carlos Meléndez et al.•ARTICLE•Debates en Sociología•1997

    No presenta resumen

  • Conquistadores y pobladores: Origenes historico-sociales de los costarricenses

    A J Bauer, Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Hispanic American Historical Review•1984

  • Negative Developments in Costa Rica

    Open Access•Gamboa P Hector, Gomez P Luis Diego et al.•ARTICLE•Anthropology News•1978

Next
  • Vote Buying and Social Desirability Bias: Experimental Evidence from Nicaragua

    Open Access•Ezequiel González-Ocantos, Ezequiel González‐ocanto et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Political…•2012•Cited by: 199•References: 37

    Qualitative studies of vote buying find the practice to be common in many Latin American countries, but quantitative studies using surveys find little evidence of vote buying. Social desirability bias can account for this discrepancy. We employ a survey‐based list experiment to minimize the problem. After the 2008 Nicaraguan municipal elections, we asked about vote‐buying behavior by campaigns using a list experiment and the questions traditional…

  • Political identities: The missing link in the study of populism

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez, Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser•ARTICLE•Party Politics•2019•Cited by: 65•References: 48

    Political identities are crucial for understanding electoral behavior: individuals who identify with a political party behave as loyal supporters who would hardly vote for competitors old or new. Although this is an obvious observation, it has received little attention in the study of populism—a set of ideas that not only portrays established political parties as corrupt and self-serving entities but also depicts “the people” as a homogenous and …

  • Negative partisanship towards the populist radical right and democratic resilience in Western Europe

    Carlos Meléndez, Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser•ARTICLE•Democratization•2021•Cited by: 57•References: 42

    Democracy is under threat today and scholars agree that the main challenge is not sudden regime breakdown, but rather the gradual erosion of key institutions and norms because of growing public support to political forces with illiberal tendencies. In the case of Western Europe, the major threat comes from the populist radical right. Although it is true that the latter has been gaining votes in Western Europe, scholars have not analysed the exten…

  • Carrots and sticks: Experimental evidence of vote-buying and voter intimidation in Guatemala

    Open Access•Ezequiel González-Ocantos, Chad Kiewiet De Jonge et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Peace Research•2020•Cited by: 23•References: 53

    How do parties target intimidation and vote-buying during elections? Parties prefer the use of carrots over sticks because they are in the business of getting voters to like them and expect higher legitimacy costs if observers expose intimidation. However, their brokers sometimes choose intimidation because it is cheaper and possibly more effective than vote-buying. Specifically, we contend that brokers use intimidation when the cost of buying vo…

  • Mainstream Voters, Non-Voters and Populist Voters: What Sets Them Apart

    Open Access•Cédric M Koch, Carlos Meléndez et al.•ARTICLE•Political Studies•2023•Cited by: 16•References: 54

    Three different constituencies are becoming increasingly common across Western European electorates: mainstream voters, non-voters and populist voters. Despite their distinct behaviours in electoral politics, we have limited empirical knowledge about the characteristics that distinguish these three groups, given the typical underrepresentation of non-voters in surveys and the relative recency of large-scale research on populist voters. To address…

  • Chile 2020: Pandemia Y Plebiscito Constitucional

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez, Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser et al.•ARTICLE•Revista de ciencia política•2021•Cited by: 12•References: 7

    There are two milestones that marked Chilean politics during 2020: the COVID-19 pandemic, and the constitutional plebiscite. While the former was an absolutely unexpected phenomenon that forced an important turn in the country's political agenda, the result of latter was foreseeable yet surprising. In fact, the plebiscite was likely to end in a triumph of the option in favour of constitutional change, but the forcefulness of the result was surpri…

  • Ecuador: Una década de correísmo

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez, Paolo Moncagatta•ARTICLE•Revista de ciencia política•2017•Cited by: 12•References: 10

    El 2016 fue un año complejo para el Ecuador. En el frente económico, el país cayó oficialmente en recesión. El terremoto de abril de ese año agudizó la emergencia económica. En el plano político, la popularidad presidencial entró en declive por el impacto de la recesión. En este contexto dio inicio la campaña electoral para fijar la sucesión de Rafael Correa: el oficialismo barajó varias opciones para definir su candidato presidencial y la oposic…

  • Parties under Stress: Using a Linkage Decay Framework to Analyze the Chilean Party System

    Open Access•Jana Morgan, Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Journal of Politics in Latin…•2016•Cited by: 12•References: 10

    Conventional wisdom suggests Chile's party system is highly institutionalized. However, recent declines in participation and partisanship have begun to raise questions about this veneer of stability. This article assesses the current state of the Chilean party system, analyzing its ability to provide linkage. We specify a theoretical framework for identifying challenges to linkage and constraints on necessary adaptation. We then use this framewor…

  • Rethinking the Role of Issue-Voting in Referenda: Conjoint and Vote Choice Analyses of Preferences for Constitutional Change in Chile

    Ezequiel González-Ocantos, Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Comparative Politics•2024•Cited by: 8•References: 19

    What determines the vote in referenda: issue-preferences or second-order considerations? Scholars suggest issue-voting is stronger in salient elections. Based on survey data collected during Chile's constitutional referendum, the article challenges this argument. An innovative conjoint experiment allows us to estimate if different elements of the constitution sunk the proposal. Coupled with vote choice models, results indicate that second-order c…

  • Consideraciones sobre la gobernabilidad como determinante del comportamiento electoral en Colombia: Elecciones presidenciales de 2010

    Open Access•Fredy A Barrero, Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Colombia Internacional•2011•Cited by: 5

    This article makes a contribution in the literature on electoral behavior in Colombia. Previous explanations have employed theories that emphasize the explanatory power of income, psico-social considerations and retrospective evaluation in order to assess the impact of programmatic, clientelistic and personalistic party-voter linkages on vote-choice. There is a gap in the literature that we propose to fill through the inclusion of governability a…

  • Perú 2008: El Juego De Ajedrez De La Gobernabilidad en Partidas Simultáneas

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez, Carlos León•ARTICLE•Revista de ciencia política•2009•Cited by: 4•References: 1

    El segundo gobierno de Alan Garcia (2006-2011) enfrenta problemas de gobernabilidad. Ante la debilidad de una oposicion organizada e institucionalizada (en el Legislativo o en los gobiernos regionales), los desafios a la estabilidad politica provienen de conflictos sociales localizados en el interior del pais, que se caracterizan por sus dificultades en la agregacion de intereses (atomizacion y particularismo de las demandas) y su desconexion con…

  • La derecha que se bifurca. Las vertientes populista-conservadora y tecnocrática-liberal en Perú post-2000

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Colombia Internacional•2019•Cited by: 3•References: 14

    Objective/context: The article gives an account of the bifurcation of the Peruvian right in two different and distant camps. Despite the common origin of the adjustment reforms implemented by Alberto Fujimori’s government in the early 1990s, the populist and technocratic branches of the Peruvian right each took their own path. While the re-composition of Fujimorismo in the new century opted for the populist path, the technical elites found in Per…

  • Perú 2009: Los Legados Del Autoritarismo

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez, Carlos León•ARTICLE•Revista de ciencia política•2010•Cited by: 3•References: 2

    a casi una década de la apertura del régimen político posterior al gobierno de alberto Fujimori (1990Fujimori ( -2000)), se hace evidente la fortaleza de los legados autoritarios que no han sido desmontados en su totalidad por los últimos dos gobiernos elegidos democráticamente.Los problemas de gobernabilidad que enfrenta el perú, que se expresan a través de conflictos sociales (el Baguazo) y casos de corrupción estatal de alto nivel (petroaudios…

  • Perú 2012: Atrapados Por La Historia

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez, Paolo Sosa Villagarcia•ARTICLE•Revista de ciencia política•2013•Cited by: 1

    se ha caracterizado la dinámica política peruana como una gran continuidad tanto a nivel de régimen político y económico, como de los factores que la condicionan: gobernabilidad como resultado de un equilibrio de baja intensidad compuesto por ejecutivos débiles pero sin oposiciones vinculadas con la movilización social.administraciones tanto pro-establishment como reformistas (como la reciente de Ollanta Humala) aparecen "atrapados por la histori…

  • The Early Spanish Main

    Carlos Meléndez, Carl Ortwin Sauer•ARTICLE•The William and Mary Quarterly•1967

  • Negative Developments in Costa Rica

    Open Access•Gamboa P Hector, Gomez P Luis Diego et al.•ARTICLE•Anthropology News•1978

  • Conquistadores y pobladores: Origenes historico-sociales de los costarricenses

    A J Bauer, Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Hispanic American Historical Review•1984

  • Recepción del discurso de género: "La experiencia comunicativa de "Andamios

    Open Access•Gonzolo Portocarrero Maisch, Carlos Meléndez et al.•ARTICLE•Debates en Sociología•1997

    No presenta resumen

  • Entre el crecimiento económico y la insatisfacción social: Las protestas sociales en el Perú actual

    Romeo Grompone, Martin Tanaka et al.•BOOK•Entre el crecimiento económico y…•2009

    "Entre los temas tratados se encuentran el poder real de los alcaldes provinciales, las tensiones entre las autoridades locales y los maestros de Ayacucho, las protestas cocaleras, y los conflictos entre las comunidades y la empresa minera Yanacocha en Cajamarca. Una publicación que permite comprender los movimientos sociales en el contexto de una transición democrática inestable, la débil intervención del Estado en algunas zonas, y un crecimient…

  • Perú 2008: El Juego De Ajedrez De La Gobernabilidad en Partidas Simultáneas

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez, Carlos León•ARTICLE•Revista de ciencia política•2009•Cited by: 4•References: 1

    El segundo gobierno de Alan Garcia (2006-2011) enfrenta problemas de gobernabilidad. Ante la debilidad de una oposicion organizada e institucionalizada (en el Legislativo o en los gobiernos regionales), los desafios a la estabilidad politica provienen de conflictos sociales localizados en el interior del pais, que se caracterizan por sus dificultades en la agregacion de intereses (atomizacion y particularismo de las demandas) y su desconexion con…

  • Perú 2009: Los Legados Del Autoritarismo

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez, Carlos León•ARTICLE•Revista de ciencia política•2010•Cited by: 3•References: 2

    a casi una década de la apertura del régimen político posterior al gobierno de alberto Fujimori (1990Fujimori ( -2000)), se hace evidente la fortaleza de los legados autoritarios que no han sido desmontados en su totalidad por los últimos dos gobiernos elegidos democráticamente.Los problemas de gobernabilidad que enfrenta el perú, que se expresan a través de conflictos sociales (el Baguazo) y casos de corrupción estatal de alto nivel (petroaudios…

  • Consideraciones sobre la gobernabilidad como determinante del comportamiento electoral en Colombia: Elecciones presidenciales de 2010

    Open Access•Fredy A Barrero, Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Colombia Internacional•2011•Cited by: 5

    This article makes a contribution in the literature on electoral behavior in Colombia. Previous explanations have employed theories that emphasize the explanatory power of income, psico-social considerations and retrospective evaluation in order to assess the impact of programmatic, clientelistic and personalistic party-voter linkages on vote-choice. There is a gap in the literature that we propose to fill through the inclusion of governability a…

  • Vote Buying and Social Desirability Bias: Experimental Evidence from Nicaragua

    Open Access•Ezequiel González-Ocantos, Ezequiel González‐ocanto et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Political…•2012•Cited by: 199•References: 37

    Qualitative studies of vote buying find the practice to be common in many Latin American countries, but quantitative studies using surveys find little evidence of vote buying. Social desirability bias can account for this discrepancy. We employ a survey‐based list experiment to minimize the problem. After the 2008 Nicaraguan municipal elections, we asked about vote‐buying behavior by campaigns using a list experiment and the questions traditional…

  • Perú 2012: Atrapados Por La Historia

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez, Paolo Sosa Villagarcia•ARTICLE•Revista de ciencia política•2013•Cited by: 1

    se ha caracterizado la dinámica política peruana como una gran continuidad tanto a nivel de régimen político y económico, como de los factores que la condicionan: gobernabilidad como resultado de un equilibrio de baja intensidad compuesto por ejecutivos débiles pero sin oposiciones vinculadas con la movilización social.administraciones tanto pro-establishment como reformistas (como la reciente de Ollanta Humala) aparecen "atrapados por la histori…

  • Parties under Stress: Using a Linkage Decay Framework to Analyze the Chilean Party System

    Open Access•Jana Morgan, Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Journal of Politics in Latin…•2016•Cited by: 12•References: 10

    Conventional wisdom suggests Chile's party system is highly institutionalized. However, recent declines in participation and partisanship have begun to raise questions about this veneer of stability. This article assesses the current state of the Chilean party system, analyzing its ability to provide linkage. We specify a theoretical framework for identifying challenges to linkage and constraints on necessary adaptation. We then use this framewor…

  • Ecuador: Una década de correísmo

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez, Paolo Moncagatta•ARTICLE•Revista de ciencia política•2017•Cited by: 12•References: 10

    El 2016 fue un año complejo para el Ecuador. En el frente económico, el país cayó oficialmente en recesión. El terremoto de abril de ese año agudizó la emergencia económica. En el plano político, la popularidad presidencial entró en declive por el impacto de la recesión. En este contexto dio inicio la campaña electoral para fijar la sucesión de Rafael Correa: el oficialismo barajó varias opciones para definir su candidato presidencial y la oposic…

  • La derecha que se bifurca. Las vertientes populista-conservadora y tecnocrática-liberal en Perú post-2000

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Colombia Internacional•2019•Cited by: 3•References: 14

    Objective/context: The article gives an account of the bifurcation of the Peruvian right in two different and distant camps. Despite the common origin of the adjustment reforms implemented by Alberto Fujimori’s government in the early 1990s, the populist and technocratic branches of the Peruvian right each took their own path. While the re-composition of Fujimorismo in the new century opted for the populist path, the technical elites found in Per…

  • Political identities: The missing link in the study of populism

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez, Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser•ARTICLE•Party Politics•2019•Cited by: 65•References: 48

    Political identities are crucial for understanding electoral behavior: individuals who identify with a political party behave as loyal supporters who would hardly vote for competitors old or new. Although this is an obvious observation, it has received little attention in the study of populism—a set of ideas that not only portrays established political parties as corrupt and self-serving entities but also depicts “the people” as a homogenous and …

  • Carrots and sticks: Experimental evidence of vote-buying and voter intimidation in Guatemala

    Open Access•Ezequiel González-Ocantos, Chad Kiewiet De Jonge et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Peace Research•2020•Cited by: 23•References: 53

    How do parties target intimidation and vote-buying during elections? Parties prefer the use of carrots over sticks because they are in the business of getting voters to like them and expect higher legitimacy costs if observers expose intimidation. However, their brokers sometimes choose intimidation because it is cheaper and possibly more effective than vote-buying. Specifically, we contend that brokers use intimidation when the cost of buying vo…

  • Using Demographics to Predict Palliative Care Access in Inpatient Facilities in Rural North Carolina

    Open Access•Lee Ann Johnson, Carlos Meléndez et al.•ARTICLE•The Journal of Rural Health•2021

    PURPOSE: For individuals with cancer, palliative care improves quality of life, mood, and survival. Rural residents experience limited access to palliative care. In eastern North Carolina, a rural area, little is known about access to inpatient cancer-related palliative care. This study describes access to inpatient palliative care and developed a predictive model of who was most likely to be admitted to an inpatient facility without a palliative…

  • Negative partisanship towards the populist radical right and democratic resilience in Western Europe

    Carlos Meléndez, Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser•ARTICLE•Democratization•2021•Cited by: 57•References: 42

    Democracy is under threat today and scholars agree that the main challenge is not sudden regime breakdown, but rather the gradual erosion of key institutions and norms because of growing public support to political forces with illiberal tendencies. In the case of Western Europe, the major threat comes from the populist radical right. Although it is true that the latter has been gaining votes in Western Europe, scholars have not analysed the exten…

  • Chile 2020: Pandemia Y Plebiscito Constitucional

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez, Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser et al.•ARTICLE•Revista de ciencia política•2021•Cited by: 12•References: 7

    There are two milestones that marked Chilean politics during 2020: the COVID-19 pandemic, and the constitutional plebiscite. While the former was an absolutely unexpected phenomenon that forced an important turn in the country's political agenda, the result of latter was foreseeable yet surprising. In fact, the plebiscite was likely to end in a triumph of the option in favour of constitutional change, but the forcefulness of the result was surpri…

  • The Resilience of Democratic Values Under Difficult Conditions. The Case of Guatemala 2012-2021

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Revista Latinoamericana de…•2023

    This article describes the evolution of democratic attitudes in Guatemala between 2012 and 2021 and identifies, at the political system level, the contextual factors that have contributed to changes in attitudes over time. For this purpose, we trace the linkages between recent political, economic, and social development indicators/trends and public opinion data. Based on cluster analysis of nationally representative survey data, we group of citiz…

  • Mainstream Voters, Non-Voters and Populist Voters: What Sets Them Apart

    Open Access•Cédric M Koch, Carlos Meléndez et al.•ARTICLE•Political Studies•2023•Cited by: 16•References: 54

    Three different constituencies are becoming increasingly common across Western European electorates: mainstream voters, non-voters and populist voters. Despite their distinct behaviours in electoral politics, we have limited empirical knowledge about the characteristics that distinguish these three groups, given the typical underrepresentation of non-voters in surveys and the relative recency of large-scale research on populist voters. To address…

  • Recasting of the Latin American Right: Polarization and Conservative Reactions

    Carlos Meléndez, Julia Albarracin et al.•BOOK•Recasting of the Latin American…•2024

    This book analyzes the transformation of the political right in Latin America in response to the strengthening of left-wing parties and movements throughout the region. While Latin America's post-2000 left has been widely studied, little is known about right-wing political formations during and after that time. There is a paucity of research on recent phenomena associated with the reorganization of the Right: the polarization of Latin American el…

  • Rethinking the Role of Issue-Voting in Referenda: Conjoint and Vote Choice Analyses of Preferences for Constitutional Change in Chile

    Ezequiel González-Ocantos, Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Comparative Politics•2024•Cited by: 8•References: 19

    What determines the vote in referenda: issue-preferences or second-order considerations? Scholars suggest issue-voting is stronger in salient elections. Based on survey data collected during Chile's constitutional referendum, the article challenges this argument. An innovative conjoint experiment allows us to estimate if different elements of the constitution sunk the proposal. Coupled with vote choice models, results indicate that second-order c…

  • The Chilean (Anti-) Voter

    Open Access•Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Latin American Politics and Society•2025

    This response memo offers a critical reassessment of the claim that ideological self-placement in Chile reflects a form of social identity. While the article under discussion provides compelling evidence of ideological stability, it risks conflating political linkage with social identity formation. In contexts of partisan decline, such as Chile’s post-authoritarian landscape, ideological categories may persist not as thick communal identities but…

  • Identidades partidarias negativas como vínculos políticos en América Latina

    Open Access•Julia Cavieres, Jesús Guzmán-Castillo et al.•ARTICLE•Colombia Internacional•2025

    Objective/Context: In a context of increasing weakening of party affiliation in Latin America, this article explores negative partisanship as a form of political attachment. Unlike previous studies that focus on positive partisan identities, this study examines the ideological orientations of individuals who express animosity toward political parties and lack partisan sympathies. Methodology: Using nationally representative surveys and original m…

  • Strong Partisans, Conditional Democrats? Partisanship and Reactions to Electoral Outcomes in Argentina

    Open Access•Ezequiel González-Ocantos, Carlos Meléndez•ARTICLE•Comparative Political Studies•2025•References: 63

    Partisans who back self-interested illiberal measures jeopardize democracy. We explore important precursors of support for backsliding using survey and focus group data from severely polarized Argentina. First, we show that partisans construct regime stereotypes, depicting “friends” as democratic and “foes” as authoritarian. This offers fertile ground for justifying exclusionary policies. Second, through an experiment with post-election scenarios…

Political science (17 works) · Politics (10 works) · Law (9 works) · Humanities (8 works) · Politics and Society in Latin America (8 works) · Art (7 works) · Economics (7 works) · Political economy (7 works) · Sociology (7 works) · International Relations in Latin America (6 works)

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