P A Cartwright
Biographic Data
| ID | 5655789 |
|---|---|
| NAME | P A Cartwright |
| GIVEN NAMES | P A |
| FAMILY NAME | Cartwright |
| SIGNATURE | CARTWRIGHT P A |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 23 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 18 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 23 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1967 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1967 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Move to the Country
Had the armies of the Third Reich not invaded Poland in September 1939 West Witwatersrand Areas would have had four new mines established on the Far West Rand and would have been receiving dividends from all four of them by 1942. A substantial proportion of these dividends would have gone to Gold Fields, which controlled the company and was to administer three of the mines. However, for the third time in its history the company’s plans were disru…
Mr. Rudd and Mr. Rhodes
Their names were Cecil John Rhodes and Charles Dunell Rudd and had you asked them how they made their living they would have said: ‘Well, diamonds mostly — but we also own the biggest pump in Kimberley and we have other interests.’ These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Copper … Tin … Coal
An investment of some £ 4,000,000 in Australia between 1960 and 962... Another investment of £ 6,500,000 in the United States in 1963 (to acquire a controlling interest in American Zinc). No one would have been surprised had the directors of Gold Fields then cried: ‘Enough... We will now consolidate our holdings.’ These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learn…
A ‘Swell’ Engineer
In 1891 the company had been a barque becalmed. Now its sails bellied to the breeze and the water began to ripple beneath its prow. From the moment Consolidated Gold Fields of South Africa was formed everything went well. Rudd’s investments on the Rand soared. The reserve shares were issued and used to buy gold-mining shares and these, too, soon showed a handsome profit. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is…
Lord Harris in the Chair
Cecil Rhodes died at the Cape on 26 March 1902. By that time the Raid and its consequences had almost been forgotten. Throughout the world there were tributes to his patriotism, his philanthropy, his vision. At the annual meeting of Consolidated Gold Fields in London that year Lord Harris described him ‘as a great Englishman, who, whatever his faults, was English to the core and had England’s greatness at heart’. These keywords were added by mach…
Advance, Australia!
Today , more than at any time in its history, Australia has become a land of opportunity, its population increasing rapidly, its industries expanding and its immense natural resources now being thoroughly explored — for oil, for silver and gold, for iron ore, bauxite, copper, zinc and tin. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
After Diamonds — Gold
Four years after the first diamonds were discovered in South Africa wandering prospectors found an alluvial gold-field in the South African Republic, the independent state which Afrikanders had established beyond the Vaal. This was not the first discovery of gold in the Transvaal. Quartz reefs had been worked as far back as 1853 and there had been reports of other finds. But the rush which began in 1874 to a wild and inaccessible region that lay …
War Shuts Down the Mines
No one counted the cost of the Raid while hopes were high. The bills came in later. Rhodes and Alfred Beit paid a high price for their venture into politics, not only in the mental anguish they endured, but also in hard cash as well. It took two years before the final settlements were made. Beit’s bill from the British South Africa Company included such items as: Expenditure Rhodesia Horse Volunteers ... ... £ 67,422 Value of stores taken by Dr. …
The Master Plan
There are times when the formal language in which company reports are couched seems, to the detached observer, to fail to fulfil its purpose. And if there was an occasion when Gold Fields might have departed from its customary restrained prose style and produced a report that was rather longer and more explanatory than usual (and perhaps expressed in simpler terms) it was the year 1959. For this was the year in which all the hard planning behind …
Golden Jubilee
Lord Brabourne was too ill to preside at the annual meeting in 1932. His place was taken, and the speech he had prepared read, by John Agnew, who seems to have been elected deputy chairman for the occasion. Brabourne died early in 1933 and Agnew was chosen to succeed him. How much more fortunate he was than his predecessor. From the moment he became chairman of the board the graph swung sharply upward. The magic wand that the devaluation of the p…
Sub Nigel’s Riches
In the lean years, the years of dwindling profits and depreciating assets, a wit on the Stock Exchange christened Gold Fields’ three producing mines on the Rand ‘Faith, Hope and Charity’. These were titles that appealed to Johannesburg’s sense of humour and the stockbroker’s joke travelled from one end of the Witwatersrand to the other. It has lasted to our day — as have the three mines, the grand ‘old-stagers’ of gold mining.
‘The Egg of Columbus’
What was Krahmann’s theory? It was simplicity itself to those who knew the regularity of the Witwatersrand formations. Forty years of mining had proved that the geological strata, despite faults here and there, had been laid down with the precision of a mass-produced layer cake and if there was one thing that was certain in an uncertain world it was that where the Main Reef was found, the shales of the Lower Witwatersrand Series would be found so…
Red-letter Day
The market value of Gold Fields’ shares had once stood at £ 19.12 s .6 d. In 1917 they fell as low as 305. and there, despite a short-term improvement in 1919 during the period when the gold output earned a premium, they were to remain for the next ten years. In 1922 you could have picked them up for as little as £ 1 to 14 s ., a remarkably good bargain in view of what was to come. The hard-headed gentlemen on the London Stock Exchange kept their…
The New Look
The boldness of the step that Gold Fields took when it acquired control of American Zinc in 1963 aroused a great deal of comment in the financial press. Here was a reversal of the customary order of such transactions. A British company was actually taking over an old-established American organization—and its bid was $18,000,000! As always there was an undercurrent of unpublished criticism of what was described as ‘a gamble in zinc’ and of the all…
The Lost Reef
The year 1930 ushered in the worst depression of the century. At the annual meeting of Consolidated Gold Fields in December, Lord Brabourne spoke of a ‘disastrous period of stagnation and depression which set in in practically all markets in 1929 and of which the end is not in sight’, The following year, when he had to announce that there would be no dividend, he said: We have tried in the past to minimise risk by a geographical distribution of o…
Looking to the Future
The lights burned late in Gold Fields’ offices throughout the world in these years and the company’s executives were hard-worked men. It is worth recording that, in 1965, the London directors logged a total of 400,000 miles by air on missions to various parts of the world. However, though the emphasis has been on investments abroad, let us not forget that the company had interests at home and that they were expanding, too. These keywords were add…
Shafts and Boreholes
‘ The steady working out and development of the vast assets under the original Rudd Concession has taxed the brain power and energies of even so capable a worker as Mr. Rhodes,’ said the directors’ report sent to the shareholders of Gold Fields in 1890. Later Thomas Rudd spoke proudly of ‘our vast holding, through the United Concessions Company, in the British South Africa Company’. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. Thi…
A ‘Gamble’ in Foreign Parts
So far this has been the story of Gold Fields’ triumphs and disasters in South Africa, culminating in the most important event in the company’s history — the discovery of the ‘lost reef on the Far West Rand. However, it will be recalled that years earlier Lord Harris had promised the shareholders ‘a bit of a gamble’ in foreign parts. What this somewhat flippant statement really meant was that he and his fellow directors, worried about the course …
The Triumph
The first announcement about West Witwatersrand Areas and the options it had acquired over a distance of thirty-seven miles on the Far West Rand fell extraordinarily flat. The market in gold shares was almost moribund. No one had much faith in a prospecting programme in an area that had been pronounced dead by eminent geologists. As for an instrument that was alleged to be able to detect gold-bearing formations at a depth of 3,000 feet — well, th…
The First New Mine
There was never much difficulty about shipping gold to wherever it was needed during the war. There were even occasions when consignments of bullion travelled like royal personages in the ships of His Majesty’s Navy. Then nothing less than a cruiser and an armed guard would do. But it was a different story altogether when it came to shipping the tools of the trade required to mine the ore that produced the gold. A great deal of very expensive min…
‘Our Theory was wrong …’
The initial cost of the Rudd concession was a grant of £1,200 a year to Lobengula, 1,000 Martini-Henry rifles and 100,000 rounds of ammunition. Rhodes suggested that there should also be a gift in the form of a paddle-steamer on the Zambezi ('... I should offer a steamboat on the Zambezi same as Stanley put on the Upper Congo'). But this was never delivered for the very good reason that the upper reaches of the river were unnavigable.KeywordsCash…
Aftermath of War
Throughout the six long years of war the mining companies obeyed their orders and literally dug for victory. But victory when it came brought them a poor reward. They found themselves facing heavier taxation and new problems in the shape of mounting costs, shortage of labour and delays in the delivery of the plant they needed.KeywordsMining CompanyGold ShareDividend IncomeHeavy TaxationOrdinary ShareThese keywords were added by machine and not by…
Gold Paved the Way
Move to the Country
Had the armies of the Third Reich not invaded Poland in September 1939 West Witwatersrand Areas would have had four new mines established on the Far West Rand and would have been receiving dividends from all four of them by 1942. A substantial proportion of these dividends would have gone to Gold Fields, which controlled the company and was to administer three of the mines. However, for the third time in its history the company’s plans were disru…
Mr. Rudd and Mr. Rhodes
Their names were Cecil John Rhodes and Charles Dunell Rudd and had you asked them how they made their living they would have said: ‘Well, diamonds mostly — but we also own the biggest pump in Kimberley and we have other interests.’ These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Copper … Tin … Coal
An investment of some £ 4,000,000 in Australia between 1960 and 962... Another investment of £ 6,500,000 in the United States in 1963 (to acquire a controlling interest in American Zinc). No one would have been surprised had the directors of Gold Fields then cried: ‘Enough... We will now consolidate our holdings.’ These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learn…
A ‘Swell’ Engineer
In 1891 the company had been a barque becalmed. Now its sails bellied to the breeze and the water began to ripple beneath its prow. From the moment Consolidated Gold Fields of South Africa was formed everything went well. Rudd’s investments on the Rand soared. The reserve shares were issued and used to buy gold-mining shares and these, too, soon showed a handsome profit. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is…
Lord Harris in the Chair
Cecil Rhodes died at the Cape on 26 March 1902. By that time the Raid and its consequences had almost been forgotten. Throughout the world there were tributes to his patriotism, his philanthropy, his vision. At the annual meeting of Consolidated Gold Fields in London that year Lord Harris described him ‘as a great Englishman, who, whatever his faults, was English to the core and had England’s greatness at heart’. These keywords were added by mach…
Advance, Australia!
Today , more than at any time in its history, Australia has become a land of opportunity, its population increasing rapidly, its industries expanding and its immense natural resources now being thoroughly explored — for oil, for silver and gold, for iron ore, bauxite, copper, zinc and tin. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
After Diamonds — Gold
Four years after the first diamonds were discovered in South Africa wandering prospectors found an alluvial gold-field in the South African Republic, the independent state which Afrikanders had established beyond the Vaal. This was not the first discovery of gold in the Transvaal. Quartz reefs had been worked as far back as 1853 and there had been reports of other finds. But the rush which began in 1874 to a wild and inaccessible region that lay …
War Shuts Down the Mines
No one counted the cost of the Raid while hopes were high. The bills came in later. Rhodes and Alfred Beit paid a high price for their venture into politics, not only in the mental anguish they endured, but also in hard cash as well. It took two years before the final settlements were made. Beit’s bill from the British South Africa Company included such items as: Expenditure Rhodesia Horse Volunteers ... ... £ 67,422 Value of stores taken by Dr. …
The Master Plan
There are times when the formal language in which company reports are couched seems, to the detached observer, to fail to fulfil its purpose. And if there was an occasion when Gold Fields might have departed from its customary restrained prose style and produced a report that was rather longer and more explanatory than usual (and perhaps expressed in simpler terms) it was the year 1959. For this was the year in which all the hard planning behind …
Golden Jubilee
Lord Brabourne was too ill to preside at the annual meeting in 1932. His place was taken, and the speech he had prepared read, by John Agnew, who seems to have been elected deputy chairman for the occasion. Brabourne died early in 1933 and Agnew was chosen to succeed him. How much more fortunate he was than his predecessor. From the moment he became chairman of the board the graph swung sharply upward. The magic wand that the devaluation of the p…
Sub Nigel’s Riches
In the lean years, the years of dwindling profits and depreciating assets, a wit on the Stock Exchange christened Gold Fields’ three producing mines on the Rand ‘Faith, Hope and Charity’. These were titles that appealed to Johannesburg’s sense of humour and the stockbroker’s joke travelled from one end of the Witwatersrand to the other. It has lasted to our day — as have the three mines, the grand ‘old-stagers’ of gold mining.
‘The Egg of Columbus’
What was Krahmann’s theory? It was simplicity itself to those who knew the regularity of the Witwatersrand formations. Forty years of mining had proved that the geological strata, despite faults here and there, had been laid down with the precision of a mass-produced layer cake and if there was one thing that was certain in an uncertain world it was that where the Main Reef was found, the shales of the Lower Witwatersrand Series would be found so…
Red-letter Day
The market value of Gold Fields’ shares had once stood at £ 19.12 s .6 d. In 1917 they fell as low as 305. and there, despite a short-term improvement in 1919 during the period when the gold output earned a premium, they were to remain for the next ten years. In 1922 you could have picked them up for as little as £ 1 to 14 s ., a remarkably good bargain in view of what was to come. The hard-headed gentlemen on the London Stock Exchange kept their…
The New Look
The boldness of the step that Gold Fields took when it acquired control of American Zinc in 1963 aroused a great deal of comment in the financial press. Here was a reversal of the customary order of such transactions. A British company was actually taking over an old-established American organization—and its bid was $18,000,000! As always there was an undercurrent of unpublished criticism of what was described as ‘a gamble in zinc’ and of the all…
The Lost Reef
The year 1930 ushered in the worst depression of the century. At the annual meeting of Consolidated Gold Fields in December, Lord Brabourne spoke of a ‘disastrous period of stagnation and depression which set in in practically all markets in 1929 and of which the end is not in sight’, The following year, when he had to announce that there would be no dividend, he said: We have tried in the past to minimise risk by a geographical distribution of o…
Looking to the Future
The lights burned late in Gold Fields’ offices throughout the world in these years and the company’s executives were hard-worked men. It is worth recording that, in 1965, the London directors logged a total of 400,000 miles by air on missions to various parts of the world. However, though the emphasis has been on investments abroad, let us not forget that the company had interests at home and that they were expanding, too. These keywords were add…
Shafts and Boreholes
‘ The steady working out and development of the vast assets under the original Rudd Concession has taxed the brain power and energies of even so capable a worker as Mr. Rhodes,’ said the directors’ report sent to the shareholders of Gold Fields in 1890. Later Thomas Rudd spoke proudly of ‘our vast holding, through the United Concessions Company, in the British South Africa Company’. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. Thi…
A ‘Gamble’ in Foreign Parts
So far this has been the story of Gold Fields’ triumphs and disasters in South Africa, culminating in the most important event in the company’s history — the discovery of the ‘lost reef on the Far West Rand. However, it will be recalled that years earlier Lord Harris had promised the shareholders ‘a bit of a gamble’ in foreign parts. What this somewhat flippant statement really meant was that he and his fellow directors, worried about the course …
The Triumph
The first announcement about West Witwatersrand Areas and the options it had acquired over a distance of thirty-seven miles on the Far West Rand fell extraordinarily flat. The market in gold shares was almost moribund. No one had much faith in a prospecting programme in an area that had been pronounced dead by eminent geologists. As for an instrument that was alleged to be able to detect gold-bearing formations at a depth of 3,000 feet — well, th…
The First New Mine
There was never much difficulty about shipping gold to wherever it was needed during the war. There were even occasions when consignments of bullion travelled like royal personages in the ships of His Majesty’s Navy. Then nothing less than a cruiser and an armed guard would do. But it was a different story altogether when it came to shipping the tools of the trade required to mine the ore that produced the gold. A great deal of very expensive min…
‘Our Theory was wrong …’
The initial cost of the Rudd concession was a grant of £1,200 a year to Lobengula, 1,000 Martini-Henry rifles and 100,000 rounds of ammunition. Rhodes suggested that there should also be a gift in the form of a paddle-steamer on the Zambezi ('... I should offer a steamboat on the Zambezi same as Stanley put on the Upper Congo'). But this was never delivered for the very good reason that the upper reaches of the river were unnavigable.KeywordsCash…
Aftermath of War
Throughout the six long years of war the mining companies obeyed their orders and literally dug for victory. But victory when it came brought them a poor reward. They found themselves facing heavier taxation and new problems in the shape of mounting costs, shortage of labour and delays in the delivery of the plant they needed.KeywordsMining CompanyGold ShareDividend IncomeHeavy TaxationOrdinary ShareThese keywords were added by machine and not by…
Gold Paved the Way
History (13 works) · Economics (12 works) · Economic history (9 works) · Political science (9 works) · Archaeology (8 works) · Geography (8 works) · Australian History and Society (7 works) · Law (7 works) · Business (6 works) · South African History and Culture (6 works)