Barbara K Reck
Biographic Data
| ID | 5672126 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Barbara K Reck |
| GIVEN NAMES | Barbara K |
| FAMILY NAME | Reck |
| SIGNATURE | RECK B K |
| AFFILIATIONS | Yale University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1594-4245 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 14 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 31 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 14 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2005 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2022 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Material system analysis
Raw materials form an industrial base to provide the wide range of products and services demanded by industry and society. In particular, manganese, nickel, and natural graphite are examples of materials having a globally consolidated supply chain with interlinked use in steelmaking and essential role in clean energy systems and e‐mobility. A stable material supply chain is hence a priority for import‐dependent regions like the EU and builds upon…
Buildings as a global carbon sink
Unified Materials Information System (Umis)
Modern society depends on the use of many diverse materials. Effectively managing these materials is becoming increasingly important and complex, from the analysis of supply chains, to quantifying their environmental impacts, to understanding future resource availability. Material stocks and flows data enable such analyses, but currently exist mainly as discrete packages, with highly varied type, scope, and structure. These factors constitute a p…
Six Years of Criticality Assessments
The “criticality” of the various elements used in modern technologies is a topic of increasing interest, with groups from governments, consultancies, and academic institutions developing a variety of methodologies and using them to make assessments. Other groups from similar organizations are studying the methodologies that generate these assessments. Here, we analyze the different types of studies, review issues of methodology, and comment on fe…
Copper demand, supply, and associated energy use to 2050
Challenges in Metal Recycling
Metals are infinitely recyclable in principle, but in practice, recycling is often inefficient or essentially nonexistent because of limits imposed by social behavior, product design, recycling technologies, and the thermodynamics of separation. We review these topics, distinguishing among common, specialty, and precious metals. The most beneficial actions that could improve recycling rates are increased collection rates of discarded products, im…
Exploring the Global Journey of Nickel with Markov Chain Models
Markov chain (MC) modeling is a versatile tool in policy analysis and has been applied in several forms to analyze resource flows. This article builds on previous discussions of the relationship among absorbing Markov chains (AMCs), material flow analysis (MFA), and input‐output (IO) analysis, and presents a full‐scale application of MC modeling for a particular globally relevant, nonrenewable resource, namely nickel. The MC model presented here …
Comparing Growth Rates of Nickel and Stainless Steel Use in the Early 2000s
This study introduces the 2005 life cycle data for nickel in 50 countries and presents a comparative analysis of the 2000 and 2005 nickel and stainless steel cycles for these countries. The life cycles of the two metals are linked by nickel's role as a major alloying element in most stainless steels. Between 2000 and 2005, the global use of both metals grew, driven by China's extraordinary growth and despite the fact that many industrialized coun…
What Do We Know About Metal Recycling Rates
Regional development or resource preservation? A perspective from Japanese appliance exports
“Bottom–up” study of in-use nickel stocks in New Haven, CT
Multilevel Anthropogenic Cycles of Copper and Zinc
Contemporary cycles for copper and zinc are coanalyzed with the tools of exploratory data analysis. One‐year analyses (circa 1994) are performed at three discrete spatial levels‐country (52 countries that comprise essentially all anthropogenic stocks and flows of the two metals), eight world regions, and the planet as a whole‐and are completed both in absolute magnitude and in per capita terms. This work constitutes, to our knowledge, the first m…
Explanatory Variables for per Capita Stocks and Flows of Copper and Zinc
A number of potential explanatory variables for the stocks and flows of copper and zinc in contemporary technological societies are co‐analyzed with the tools of exploratory data analysis. A one‐year analysis (circa 1994) is performed for 50 countries that comprise essentially all anthropogenic stocks and flows of the two metals. The results show that (1) The key explanatory variable for metal use is gross domestic product (GDP) per capita (purch…
Exploratory Data Analysis of the Multilevel Anthropogenic Zinc Cycle
A comprehensive multilevel contemporary cycle for stocks and flows of zinc is analyzed by the tools of exploratory data analysis. The analysis is performed at three discrete organizational levels—country (53 countries and 1 country group that together comprise essentially all anthropogenic stocks and flows of zinc), world region (9 world regions), and the planet as a whole. The results demonstrate the following: (1) Exploratory data analysis prov…
Exploratory Data Analysis of the Multilevel Anthropogenic Zinc Cycle
A comprehensive multilevel contemporary cycle for stocks and flows of zinc is analyzed by the tools of exploratory data analysis. The analysis is performed at three discrete organizational levels—country (53 countries and 1 country group that together comprise essentially all anthropogenic stocks and flows of zinc), world region (9 world regions), and the planet as a whole. The results demonstrate the following: (1) Exploratory data analysis prov…
Multilevel Anthropogenic Cycles of Copper and Zinc
Contemporary cycles for copper and zinc are coanalyzed with the tools of exploratory data analysis. One‐year analyses (circa 1994) are performed at three discrete spatial levels‐country (52 countries that comprise essentially all anthropogenic stocks and flows of the two metals), eight world regions, and the planet as a whole‐and are completed both in absolute magnitude and in per capita terms. This work constitutes, to our knowledge, the first m…
Explanatory Variables for per Capita Stocks and Flows of Copper and Zinc
A number of potential explanatory variables for the stocks and flows of copper and zinc in contemporary technological societies are co‐analyzed with the tools of exploratory data analysis. A one‐year analysis (circa 1994) is performed for 50 countries that comprise essentially all anthropogenic stocks and flows of the two metals. The results show that (1) The key explanatory variable for metal use is gross domestic product (GDP) per capita (purch…
“Bottom–up” study of in-use nickel stocks in New Haven, CT
What Do We Know About Metal Recycling Rates
Regional development or resource preservation? A perspective from Japanese appliance exports
Challenges in Metal Recycling
Metals are infinitely recyclable in principle, but in practice, recycling is often inefficient or essentially nonexistent because of limits imposed by social behavior, product design, recycling technologies, and the thermodynamics of separation. We review these topics, distinguishing among common, specialty, and precious metals. The most beneficial actions that could improve recycling rates are increased collection rates of discarded products, im…
Exploring the Global Journey of Nickel with Markov Chain Models
Markov chain (MC) modeling is a versatile tool in policy analysis and has been applied in several forms to analyze resource flows. This article builds on previous discussions of the relationship among absorbing Markov chains (AMCs), material flow analysis (MFA), and input‐output (IO) analysis, and presents a full‐scale application of MC modeling for a particular globally relevant, nonrenewable resource, namely nickel. The MC model presented here …
Comparing Growth Rates of Nickel and Stainless Steel Use in the Early 2000s
This study introduces the 2005 life cycle data for nickel in 50 countries and presents a comparative analysis of the 2000 and 2005 nickel and stainless steel cycles for these countries. The life cycles of the two metals are linked by nickel's role as a major alloying element in most stainless steels. Between 2000 and 2005, the global use of both metals grew, driven by China's extraordinary growth and despite the fact that many industrialized coun…
Six Years of Criticality Assessments
The “criticality” of the various elements used in modern technologies is a topic of increasing interest, with groups from governments, consultancies, and academic institutions developing a variety of methodologies and using them to make assessments. Other groups from similar organizations are studying the methodologies that generate these assessments. Here, we analyze the different types of studies, review issues of methodology, and comment on fe…
Copper demand, supply, and associated energy use to 2050
Unified Materials Information System (Umis)
Modern society depends on the use of many diverse materials. Effectively managing these materials is becoming increasingly important and complex, from the analysis of supply chains, to quantifying their environmental impacts, to understanding future resource availability. Material stocks and flows data enable such analyses, but currently exist mainly as discrete packages, with highly varied type, scope, and structure. These factors constitute a p…
Buildings as a global carbon sink
Material system analysis
Raw materials form an industrial base to provide the wide range of products and services demanded by industry and society. In particular, manganese, nickel, and natural graphite are examples of materials having a globally consolidated supply chain with interlinked use in steelmaking and essential role in clean energy systems and e‐mobility. A stable material supply chain is hence a priority for import‐dependent regions like the EU and builds upon…
Economics (10 works) · Environmental Science (10 works) · Extraction and Separation Processes (10 works) · Recycling and Waste Management Techniques (10 works) · Environmental Impact and Sustainability (8 works) · Computer Science (7 works) · Engineering (7 works) · Natural resource economics (7 works) · Business (6 works) · Geography (6 works)