Cody W Telep
Biographic Data
| ID | 5721715 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Cody W Telep |
| GIVEN NAMES | Cody W |
| FAMILY NAME | Telep |
| SIGNATURE | TELEP C W |
| AFFILIATIONS | Arizona State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5558-8353 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 24 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 155 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 24 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2008 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Borderland Security
The Northern states along the US-Mexico border face some of Mexico’s most serious public security problems. Mexican federal, state, and municipal police struggle to create and sustain effective crime reduction strategies. This study identifies the challenges facing the state police officials that prevent the development of effective crime reduction strategies. Utilizing thematic analysis to examine interview data from police authorities in two no…
Does a rising tide lift all boats
A recent multicity procedural justice (PJ) training experiment at crime hot spots showed that police could be trained to behave in procedurally just ways, and that this behavioral change could lead to reductions in arrests, improved citizen evaluations of the police, and decreases in crime. In this paper, we extend analyses of the original study to identify whether improvements in PJ behavior in interactions with citizens were conditioned by race…
Capitalizing on patrol intelligence
Intelligence-led policing (ILP) approaches seek to utilize a variety of strategies capitalizing on intelligence and analysis to reduce, address, and prevent crime or harm. Often, the application of these strategies involves a top-down approach. An exception to this is the Phoenix Police Department’s patrol-driven Intelligence Officer Program (IOP). This article examines the extent to which personnel from the department are receptive to this speci…
Can increasing preventive patrol in large geographic areas reduce crime? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Learning with the Others
Alumni of the Inside-Out Prison Exchange Program declare their experience in the course as “life-changing.” If this impact holds true for all who have completed an Inside-Out course, the program will have transformed over 60,000 lives. We examine attitudinal change among Inside-Out alumni on factors expected to be influenced as a result of the ‘dialogue across difference’ critical to the foundation of the program. Across four courses representing…
Does police patrol in large areas prevent crime? Revisiting the Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment
Research Summary The Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment (KCPPE) was seen by its developers to have produced “consistent evidence of the lack of effects of any consequence on crime,” a conclusion that was to have a strong impact on assumptions about police patrol for almost half a century. We identified the original official crime data from the KCPPE, and reanalyzed outcomes focusing on a comparison of the “proactive” versus “control” beats …
Reforming the police through procedural justice training
Significance Our study is a randomized trial in policing confirming that intensive training in procedural justice (PJ) can lead to more procedurally just behavior and less disrespectful treatment of people at high-crime places. The fact that the PJ intervention reduced arrests by police officers, positively influenced residents’ perceptions of police harassment and violence, and also reduced crime provides important guidance for police reform in …
Who Can You Trust? The Impact of Procedural Justice, Trust, and Police Officer Sex on Women's Sexual Assault Victimization Reporting Likelihood
Sexual assaults are underreported to the police, even though this crime affects one in four college women. Using a vignette design, this study fills a gap in the literature by examining the influence of prior police perceptions, procedurally unjust treatment, and the sex of the responding officer on college women's likelihood to report sexual assault. Results indicate positive prior police perceptions significantly increase students' perceived li…
Procedural justice and legal compliance
Research Summary In 2017, we published an essay (Nagin & Telep, 2017) that challenged the widely held view that research had plausibly demonstrated that procedurally just treatment of citizens by police increased the citizen's willingness to comply with the law and thereby reduced crime rates. This article updates Nagin and Telep (2017) with new evidence that has appeared since its publication, while exploring in more depth our critiques of the e…
Addressing Crime, Violence, and Other Determinants of Health through Community‐Based Participatory Research and Implementation Science
In this paper, we describe the assessment and planning phase of the Thrive community-based initiative to reduce violence and address other determinants of health in a community in the Southwestern United States. Using community-based participatory research (CBPR) and an implementation science framework, we engaged residents and other key stakeholders as equal partners in the assessment and planning process. The Thrive assessment and planning phas…
Creating a ‘what works’ translational tool for police
In recent years, a number of translational tools have been developed in policing to make the growing research evidence base more accessible and useful for practitioners and policymakers. Here we focus on the creation of the ‘What works in policing?’ website, which resulted from a collaboration between a government agency in Seattle, Washington and researchers at George Mason University and Arizona State University. We describe the site in detail …
Crime Concentrations at Places
Every research enterprise takes place in a context, political, economic, and technological context. So it is with policing research. This chapter begins by sketching out where the practice of policing is heading, and what we need to do differently, so as to arrive at a roughly envisioned future ethically and in good order. A police presence at all places at all times being impossible, the practical issue is where and when to place officers or the…
Community Crime Prevention in High–Crime Areas
Hot spots policing, in which police resources are directed toward small geographic areas with high crime levels, has been widely implemented and evaluated, but less is known about the effectiveness of nonpolice efforts to address high–crime locations. Here, we examine the effectiveness of two hot spot interventions led by a community–based nonprofit organization in Seattle, Washington. We use interrupted time series analysis to assess changes in …
Response to “Procedural Justice and Policing
We are heartened by Tom Tyler's concurrence with the key conclusion of our full essay that evidence of procedurally just treatment of citizens by police or other representatives of the criminal justice system altering citizen perceptions of legitimacy and legal compliance is in short supply. Our main point of disagreement with Tyler is on how this agreed-upon conclusion about the state of the evidence should be communicated to policy makers.
Procedural Justice and Legal Compliance
This article reviews the evidence on whether procedurally just treatment of citizens by agents of the criminal justice system, usually the police, has the effect of increasing the citizen's compliance with the law. In brief, we find that perception-based studies consistently show that citizen perceptions of procedurally just treatment are closely tied to perceptions of police legitimacy, and that with only a few exceptions perceptions of legitima…
Identifying and Responding to Hot Spots
Examining police officer definitions of evidence-based policing
Evidence-based policing has become a commonly used term in academic circles to describe policing practices guided by research evidence demonstrating their effectiveness. Little is known, however, about how police practitioners understand and define the term and the extent to which these definitions align with researcher conceptions of the term. We examine data from a survey on receptivity to research administered to 1355 police officers, supervis…
Expanding the Scope of Evidence‐Based Policing
Rigorous evaluation research among US police departments
This study considers whether police departments’ characteristics relate to the methodology and results of the evaluations that they participate in, and contrasts police departments that have carried out rigorous crime prevention research to comparison groups of US police agencies. Findings include departments that participate in quasi-experimental crime prevention research are larger and more likely to find statistically significant successes tha…
Place Matters
Over the last two decades, there has been increased interest in the distribution of crime and other antisocial behavior at lower levels of geography. The focus on micro geography and its contribution to the understanding and prevention of crime has been called the 'criminology of place'. It pushes scholars to examine small geographic areas within cities, often as small as addresses or street segments, for their contribution to crime. Here, the au…
Community-oriented policing to reduce crime, disorder and fear and increase satisfaction and legitimacy among citizens
The Impact of Higher Education on Police Officer Attitudes toward Abuse of Authority
This study examines whether the acquisition of a four‐year college degree impacts police officer attitudes toward abuse of authority. This research also explores whether level of higher education and the timing of degree completion alter this potential attitudinal impact of a bachelor's degree. Using data from a nationally representative survey sample, the study finds that officers with a pre‐service bachelor's degree hold attitudes that are less…
Is problem‐oriented policing effective in reducing crime and disorder
Research Summary We conducted a Campbell systematic review to examine the effectiveness of problem‐oriented policing (POP) in reducing crime and disorder. After an exhaustive search strategy that identified more than 5,500 articles and reports, we found only ten methodologically rigorous evaluations that met our inclusion criteria. Using meta‐analytic techniques, we found an overall modest but statistically significant impact of POP on crime and …
Trends in police research
This review represents the sixth in an annual special feature in Police Practice and Research: An International Journal. It provides a cross‐sectional analysis of the police literature for 2005, with a focus on the substantive categories, publication medium, and methodological typology of such literature. This paper also comments on reviews of years past, using the findings of Beckman, Lum, Wyckoff, and Larsen‐Vanderwall (2003) as a basis for the…
Procedural Justice and Legal Compliance
This article reviews the evidence on whether procedurally just treatment of citizens by agents of the criminal justice system, usually the police, has the effect of increasing the citizen's compliance with the law. In brief, we find that perception-based studies consistently show that citizen perceptions of procedurally just treatment are closely tied to perceptions of police legitimacy, and that with only a few exceptions perceptions of legitima…
Is problem‐oriented policing effective in reducing crime and disorder
Research Summary We conducted a Campbell systematic review to examine the effectiveness of problem‐oriented policing (POP) in reducing crime and disorder. After an exhaustive search strategy that identified more than 5,500 articles and reports, we found only ten methodologically rigorous evaluations that met our inclusion criteria. Using meta‐analytic techniques, we found an overall modest but statistically significant impact of POP on crime and …
Procedural justice and legal compliance
Research Summary In 2017, we published an essay (Nagin & Telep, 2017) that challenged the widely held view that research had plausibly demonstrated that procedurally just treatment of citizens by police increased the citizen's willingness to comply with the law and thereby reduced crime rates. This article updates Nagin and Telep (2017) with new evidence that has appeared since its publication, while exploring in more depth our critiques of the e…
Who Can You Trust? The Impact of Procedural Justice, Trust, and Police Officer Sex on Women's Sexual Assault Victimization Reporting Likelihood
Sexual assaults are underreported to the police, even though this crime affects one in four college women. Using a vignette design, this study fills a gap in the literature by examining the influence of prior police perceptions, procedurally unjust treatment, and the sex of the responding officer on college women's likelihood to report sexual assault. Results indicate positive prior police perceptions significantly increase students' perceived li…
Community Crime Prevention in High–Crime Areas
Hot spots policing, in which police resources are directed toward small geographic areas with high crime levels, has been widely implemented and evaluated, but less is known about the effectiveness of nonpolice efforts to address high–crime locations. Here, we examine the effectiveness of two hot spot interventions led by a community–based nonprofit organization in Seattle, Washington. We use interrupted time series analysis to assess changes in …
Expanding the Scope of Evidence‐Based Policing
Does police patrol in large areas prevent crime? Revisiting the Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment
Research Summary The Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment (KCPPE) was seen by its developers to have produced “consistent evidence of the lack of effects of any consequence on crime,” a conclusion that was to have a strong impact on assumptions about police patrol for almost half a century. We identified the original official crime data from the KCPPE, and reanalyzed outcomes focusing on a comparison of the “proactive” versus “control” beats …
Identifying and Responding to Hot Spots
Examining police officer definitions of evidence-based policing
Evidence-based policing has become a commonly used term in academic circles to describe policing practices guided by research evidence demonstrating their effectiveness. Little is known, however, about how police practitioners understand and define the term and the extent to which these definitions align with researcher conceptions of the term. We examine data from a survey on receptivity to research administered to 1355 police officers, supervis…
Addressing Crime, Violence, and Other Determinants of Health through Community‐Based Participatory Research and Implementation Science
In this paper, we describe the assessment and planning phase of the Thrive community-based initiative to reduce violence and address other determinants of health in a community in the Southwestern United States. Using community-based participatory research (CBPR) and an implementation science framework, we engaged residents and other key stakeholders as equal partners in the assessment and planning process. The Thrive assessment and planning phas…
Trends in police research
This review represents the sixth in an annual special feature in Police Practice and Research: An International Journal. It provides a cross‐sectional analysis of the police literature for 2005, with a focus on the substantive categories, publication medium, and methodological typology of such literature. This paper also comments on reviews of years past, using the findings of Beckman, Lum, Wyckoff, and Larsen‐Vanderwall (2003) as a basis for the…
The Impact of Higher Education on Police Officer Attitudes toward Abuse of Authority
This study examines whether the acquisition of a four‐year college degree impacts police officer attitudes toward abuse of authority. This research also explores whether level of higher education and the timing of degree completion alter this potential attitudinal impact of a bachelor's degree. Using data from a nationally representative survey sample, the study finds that officers with a pre‐service bachelor's degree hold attitudes that are less…
Is problem‐oriented policing effective in reducing crime and disorder
Research Summary We conducted a Campbell systematic review to examine the effectiveness of problem‐oriented policing (POP) in reducing crime and disorder. After an exhaustive search strategy that identified more than 5,500 articles and reports, we found only ten methodologically rigorous evaluations that met our inclusion criteria. Using meta‐analytic techniques, we found an overall modest but statistically significant impact of POP on crime and …
Community-oriented policing to reduce crime, disorder and fear and increase satisfaction and legitimacy among citizens
Rigorous evaluation research among US police departments
This study considers whether police departments’ characteristics relate to the methodology and results of the evaluations that they participate in, and contrasts police departments that have carried out rigorous crime prevention research to comparison groups of US police agencies. Findings include departments that participate in quasi-experimental crime prevention research are larger and more likely to find statistically significant successes tha…
Place Matters
Over the last two decades, there has been increased interest in the distribution of crime and other antisocial behavior at lower levels of geography. The focus on micro geography and its contribution to the understanding and prevention of crime has been called the 'criminology of place'. It pushes scholars to examine small geographic areas within cities, often as small as addresses or street segments, for their contribution to crime. Here, the au…
Expanding the Scope of Evidence‐Based Policing
Response to “Procedural Justice and Policing
We are heartened by Tom Tyler's concurrence with the key conclusion of our full essay that evidence of procedurally just treatment of citizens by police or other representatives of the criminal justice system altering citizen perceptions of legitimacy and legal compliance is in short supply. Our main point of disagreement with Tyler is on how this agreed-upon conclusion about the state of the evidence should be communicated to policy makers.
Procedural Justice and Legal Compliance
This article reviews the evidence on whether procedurally just treatment of citizens by agents of the criminal justice system, usually the police, has the effect of increasing the citizen's compliance with the law. In brief, we find that perception-based studies consistently show that citizen perceptions of procedurally just treatment are closely tied to perceptions of police legitimacy, and that with only a few exceptions perceptions of legitima…
Identifying and Responding to Hot Spots
Examining police officer definitions of evidence-based policing
Evidence-based policing has become a commonly used term in academic circles to describe policing practices guided by research evidence demonstrating their effectiveness. Little is known, however, about how police practitioners understand and define the term and the extent to which these definitions align with researcher conceptions of the term. We examine data from a survey on receptivity to research administered to 1355 police officers, supervis…
Crime Concentrations at Places
Every research enterprise takes place in a context, political, economic, and technological context. So it is with policing research. This chapter begins by sketching out where the practice of policing is heading, and what we need to do differently, so as to arrive at a roughly envisioned future ethically and in good order. A police presence at all places at all times being impossible, the practical issue is where and when to place officers or the…
Community Crime Prevention in High–Crime Areas
Hot spots policing, in which police resources are directed toward small geographic areas with high crime levels, has been widely implemented and evaluated, but less is known about the effectiveness of nonpolice efforts to address high–crime locations. Here, we examine the effectiveness of two hot spot interventions led by a community–based nonprofit organization in Seattle, Washington. We use interrupted time series analysis to assess changes in …
Creating a ‘what works’ translational tool for police
In recent years, a number of translational tools have been developed in policing to make the growing research evidence base more accessible and useful for practitioners and policymakers. Here we focus on the creation of the ‘What works in policing?’ website, which resulted from a collaboration between a government agency in Seattle, Washington and researchers at George Mason University and Arizona State University. We describe the site in detail …
Procedural justice and legal compliance
Research Summary In 2017, we published an essay (Nagin & Telep, 2017) that challenged the widely held view that research had plausibly demonstrated that procedurally just treatment of citizens by police increased the citizen's willingness to comply with the law and thereby reduced crime rates. This article updates Nagin and Telep (2017) with new evidence that has appeared since its publication, while exploring in more depth our critiques of the e…
Addressing Crime, Violence, and Other Determinants of Health through Community‐Based Participatory Research and Implementation Science
In this paper, we describe the assessment and planning phase of the Thrive community-based initiative to reduce violence and address other determinants of health in a community in the Southwestern United States. Using community-based participatory research (CBPR) and an implementation science framework, we engaged residents and other key stakeholders as equal partners in the assessment and planning process. The Thrive assessment and planning phas…
Reforming the police through procedural justice training
Significance Our study is a randomized trial in policing confirming that intensive training in procedural justice (PJ) can lead to more procedurally just behavior and less disrespectful treatment of people at high-crime places. The fact that the PJ intervention reduced arrests by police officers, positively influenced residents’ perceptions of police harassment and violence, and also reduced crime provides important guidance for police reform in …
Who Can You Trust? The Impact of Procedural Justice, Trust, and Police Officer Sex on Women's Sexual Assault Victimization Reporting Likelihood
Sexual assaults are underreported to the police, even though this crime affects one in four college women. Using a vignette design, this study fills a gap in the literature by examining the influence of prior police perceptions, procedurally unjust treatment, and the sex of the responding officer on college women's likelihood to report sexual assault. Results indicate positive prior police perceptions significantly increase students' perceived li…
Learning with the Others
Alumni of the Inside-Out Prison Exchange Program declare their experience in the course as “life-changing.” If this impact holds true for all who have completed an Inside-Out course, the program will have transformed over 60,000 lives. We examine attitudinal change among Inside-Out alumni on factors expected to be influenced as a result of the ‘dialogue across difference’ critical to the foundation of the program. Across four courses representing…
Does police patrol in large areas prevent crime? Revisiting the Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment
Research Summary The Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment (KCPPE) was seen by its developers to have produced “consistent evidence of the lack of effects of any consequence on crime,” a conclusion that was to have a strong impact on assumptions about police patrol for almost half a century. We identified the original official crime data from the KCPPE, and reanalyzed outcomes focusing on a comparison of the “proactive” versus “control” beats …
Capitalizing on patrol intelligence
Intelligence-led policing (ILP) approaches seek to utilize a variety of strategies capitalizing on intelligence and analysis to reduce, address, and prevent crime or harm. Often, the application of these strategies involves a top-down approach. An exception to this is the Phoenix Police Department’s patrol-driven Intelligence Officer Program (IOP). This article examines the extent to which personnel from the department are receptive to this speci…
Can increasing preventive patrol in large geographic areas reduce crime? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Borderland Security
The Northern states along the US-Mexico border face some of Mexico’s most serious public security problems. Mexican federal, state, and municipal police struggle to create and sustain effective crime reduction strategies. This study identifies the challenges facing the state police officials that prevent the development of effective crime reduction strategies. Utilizing thematic analysis to examine interview data from police authorities in two no…
Does a rising tide lift all boats
A recent multicity procedural justice (PJ) training experiment at crime hot spots showed that police could be trained to behave in procedurally just ways, and that this behavioral change could lead to reductions in arrests, improved citizen evaluations of the police, and decreases in crime. In this paper, we extend analyses of the original study to identify whether improvements in PJ behavior in interactions with citizens were conditioned by race…
Crime Patterns and Interventions (19 works) · Political science (18 works) · Policing Practices and Perceptions (17 works) · Criminology (16 works) · Psychology (14 works) · Law (13 works) · Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis (12 works) · Sociology (12 works) · Criminal justice (10 works) · Computer Science (9 works)