S Thomas Elder
Biographic Data
| ID | 5836356 |
|---|---|
| NAME | S Thomas Elder |
| GIVEN NAMES | S Thomas |
| FAMILY NAME | Elder |
| SIGNATURE | ELDER S T |
| AFFILIATIONS | Louisiana State University in New Orleans |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 17 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 0 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 17 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1963 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1991 |
| H-INDEX | 0 |
The Mooney Problem Check List—A Standardization of the College Form
The Mooney Problem Check List, College Form, was administered to 2261 students from six Louisiana universities for standardization purposes. Usable protocols were obtained from 1929 subjects. Comparisons among schools, school classes, sex, race, and marital status were made for the 11 Mooney categories. Norm tables were developed for all groups with sufficient ns for the several categories. A component analysis was also done, with 13 components r…
An Empirical Account of Temperature Biofeedback Applied in Groups
The threefold purpose of this study was: (1) to determine whether hand-temperature biofeedback could be used in groups, (2) to investigate the role of the biofeedback therapist in a group setting, and (3) to determine to what extent, if any, group cohesion developed as a result of biofeedback and verbal reinforcement. Three groups of volunteer subjects were tested. Group A served as a control, Group B received feedback only, and Group C received …
Approach-Avoidance Conflict
16 male rats were trained to approach the distinctive end of a 20-ft. runway for a 25% sucrose solution, and their running speed was determined over successive 6-ft. segments of the maze. After 5 days of 5 training trials per day, quinine was substituted for sucrose in the case of half the animals and the remaining 8 rats were run under conditions of extinction. Analysis of the intersegmental speeds over the 5 days of training showed the approach…
Approach-Avoidance Conflict
24 naive hooded rats were employed in a 2 × 2 factorial comparison of anosmic versus non-anosmic and obstruction versus non-obstruction conditions. Comparisons were made in terms of speed-of-locomotion toward a goal area. After all Ss had received a series of successive reinforced approach-training trials, several untrained rats were placed in the goal box and subjected to foot shock. 9 min. later the shocked rats were removed, and previously des…
Teaching Effectiveness of Traditional Logic and the Venn Diagram
Teaching effectiveness is evaluated for a linear programed introduction to traditional logic, requiring constructed and multiple-choice responding, prepared for high school seniors and college freshmen. Within an introductory philosophy course 29 volunteer freshmen college students ( M, 19.3 yr.) studied 19 chapters out of class and were tested on them at 2-day intervals. Test scores ranged from 86% to 99%, with a median of 93%. This sample was c…
A New Method for Preparing Rats with Permanent ECS Electrodes
This paper describes a technique for permanently attaching an inexpensive electrode to the rat's skull for use in ECS studies. The major advantage of this technique is that it minimizes the amount of pre-ECS restraint, discomfort, and handling
Additional Comment on the Stimulus Train Adjusting Behavior of Rats Controlled by ICSS
Data from nine rats, which could regulate total energy input by adjusting response rate and/or duration, indicate that Ss do not tend to regulate response rate or response duration in a manner that would keep energy input per unit time or per response constant
Factorial Comparison of the Effects of Pentobarbital Sodium and Whole-Body X-Irradiation on VR-3 Food Reinforced Bar-Pressing
36 male albino rats were trained to bar-press for food on a VR-3 reinforcement schedule before administration of either 0, 4.75, or 475 rad. whole body x-irradiation combined factorially with Nembutal or saline. The 475-rad. condition produced a marked reduction in response rate within 24 hr. of exposure. A similar but less pronounced decrement was attributed to residual narcosis. No interaction of Nembutal with x-irradiation was obtained
Self-Determined Stimulus Trains of ICSS Delivered to Preoptic and Forebrain Regions as a Function of Biphasic Rectangular Pulse Frequency
Three rats with electrodes implanted in the preoptic area were trained to administer trains of rectangular biphasic pulses to their own brains for as long as they held a lever down. With pulse frequency as the independent variable it was found that mean response duration was a negatively accelerated decreasing function of pulse frequency. The relation between response rate and frequency suggests an inverted U-shaped function. Other Ss with electr…
Establishment and Control of a Bar-Pressing Habit by Means of Fixed Interval ICSS Reinforcement
13 rats were prepared with chronically indwelling electrodes, the exposed tips of which were in the vicinity of median forebrain bundle. In addition, 7 of these received septal lesions, 2 were inflicted with unilateral hippocampal lesions, and 2 sustained unilateral lesions of the anterior neocortex. The remaining two Ss received no further surgery beyond the electrode implant. All were trained to bar press for brain stimulation at crf, FI 10-sec…
Classical Conditioning of Light Evoked Responses in Cat
After repeated paired presentations of sound and light while recording from the visual cortex, sound was presented alone and a CR was observed
Food-Reinforced Response Decrements as a Function of Amount of Ionizing X-Irradiation
32 malt albino rats, about 90, 120, or 150 days of age and weighing between 240 and 340 gm. at the start of the experiment, were employed in a study in which whole body X-irradiation dose level was the independent variable and number of VR-3 food reinforced bar-presses pet session the dependent variable. On the 12th day of training, Ss were assigned without bias to one of the four following whole-body X-irradiation doses: (1) 0 rad, (2) 285 rad, …
Effects of Food Deprivation and Methamphetamine on Fixed-Ratio Schedules of Intracranial Self-Stimulation
Six rats were implanted with electrodes in the posterior medial forebrain area and trained to bar press for crf ICSS and then shifted to FR schedule of reinforcement. It was observed that Ss had to be “primed” on crf at the beginning of each session; FRs greater than 20 to 30 were not typical, but depriving S of food for 48 hr. increased the size of the terminal ratio; with injection of .3 mgm. methamphetamine, S would hold FR-110; and the contri…
Self-Determined Stimulus Train Duration of Intracranial Self-Stimulation as a Function of Pulse Frequency in the Rat
Six rats with bipolar electrodes chronically implanted were trained to press a lever to deliver a brief electric shock via the electrodes to the hypothalamus. The rats were subsequently allowed to maintain the current “on” for as long as the lever was depressed. Under this condition, mean response duration was found to be a decreasing, negatively accelerated function of frequency (pps). These results were discussed in the light of recent findings…
Influence of Anterior Cortical Lesions upon the Cer to Auditory Stimulus under Non-Extinction
The mo:or and autonomic activity of 72 rats was observed in a grill-box under several combinations of auditory and electric shock stimulation. Post-operative observations carried out under conditions of non-extinction showed sham operations to be as effective as bilateral anterior cortical lesions in producing a change in the motor facet of the CER. In line with earlier reports, high defecation scores produced and maintained by brief electric sho…
Generality of Deviant Responses in Critical and Noncritical Areas of Behavior
In an examination of the internal consistency of the Deviation Hypothesis four hypotheses were advanced: (a) deviant responses whose response options were similar and developed on the same criterion group will correlate highly; (b) deviant responses whose response options were similar and developed on different criterion groups will have a moderate correlation; (c) deviant responses whose response options were not similar and developed on differe…
Effects of Bilateral Cortical Lesions on Bar-Pressing Behavior in the White Rat
It was shown that bilateral lesions in either the anterior or posterior neocortex are followed by partial disruption of a previously acquired food reinforced bar-pressing habit. The second experiment, which included a control posterior lesion group, revealed that small posterior lesions resulted in a similar performance decrement. In addition, Ss with bilateral lesions in both anterior and posterior areas exhibited approximately twice the reducti…
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Generality of Deviant Responses in Critical and Noncritical Areas of Behavior
In an examination of the internal consistency of the Deviation Hypothesis four hypotheses were advanced: (a) deviant responses whose response options were similar and developed on the same criterion group will correlate highly; (b) deviant responses whose response options were similar and developed on different criterion groups will have a moderate correlation; (c) deviant responses whose response options were not similar and developed on differe…
Effects of Bilateral Cortical Lesions on Bar-Pressing Behavior in the White Rat
It was shown that bilateral lesions in either the anterior or posterior neocortex are followed by partial disruption of a previously acquired food reinforced bar-pressing habit. The second experiment, which included a control posterior lesion group, revealed that small posterior lesions resulted in a similar performance decrement. In addition, Ss with bilateral lesions in both anterior and posterior areas exhibited approximately twice the reducti…
Self-Determined Stimulus Train Duration of Intracranial Self-Stimulation as a Function of Pulse Frequency in the Rat
Six rats with bipolar electrodes chronically implanted were trained to press a lever to deliver a brief electric shock via the electrodes to the hypothalamus. The rats were subsequently allowed to maintain the current “on” for as long as the lever was depressed. Under this condition, mean response duration was found to be a decreasing, negatively accelerated function of frequency (pps). These results were discussed in the light of recent findings…
Influence of Anterior Cortical Lesions upon the Cer to Auditory Stimulus under Non-Extinction
The mo:or and autonomic activity of 72 rats was observed in a grill-box under several combinations of auditory and electric shock stimulation. Post-operative observations carried out under conditions of non-extinction showed sham operations to be as effective as bilateral anterior cortical lesions in producing a change in the motor facet of the CER. In line with earlier reports, high defecation scores produced and maintained by brief electric sho…
Additional Comment on the Stimulus Train Adjusting Behavior of Rats Controlled by ICSS
Data from nine rats, which could regulate total energy input by adjusting response rate and/or duration, indicate that Ss do not tend to regulate response rate or response duration in a manner that would keep energy input per unit time or per response constant
Factorial Comparison of the Effects of Pentobarbital Sodium and Whole-Body X-Irradiation on VR-3 Food Reinforced Bar-Pressing
36 male albino rats were trained to bar-press for food on a VR-3 reinforcement schedule before administration of either 0, 4.75, or 475 rad. whole body x-irradiation combined factorially with Nembutal or saline. The 475-rad. condition produced a marked reduction in response rate within 24 hr. of exposure. A similar but less pronounced decrement was attributed to residual narcosis. No interaction of Nembutal with x-irradiation was obtained
Self-Determined Stimulus Trains of ICSS Delivered to Preoptic and Forebrain Regions as a Function of Biphasic Rectangular Pulse Frequency
Three rats with electrodes implanted in the preoptic area were trained to administer trains of rectangular biphasic pulses to their own brains for as long as they held a lever down. With pulse frequency as the independent variable it was found that mean response duration was a negatively accelerated decreasing function of pulse frequency. The relation between response rate and frequency suggests an inverted U-shaped function. Other Ss with electr…
Establishment and Control of a Bar-Pressing Habit by Means of Fixed Interval ICSS Reinforcement
13 rats were prepared with chronically indwelling electrodes, the exposed tips of which were in the vicinity of median forebrain bundle. In addition, 7 of these received septal lesions, 2 were inflicted with unilateral hippocampal lesions, and 2 sustained unilateral lesions of the anterior neocortex. The remaining two Ss received no further surgery beyond the electrode implant. All were trained to bar press for brain stimulation at crf, FI 10-sec…
Classical Conditioning of Light Evoked Responses in Cat
After repeated paired presentations of sound and light while recording from the visual cortex, sound was presented alone and a CR was observed
Food-Reinforced Response Decrements as a Function of Amount of Ionizing X-Irradiation
32 malt albino rats, about 90, 120, or 150 days of age and weighing between 240 and 340 gm. at the start of the experiment, were employed in a study in which whole body X-irradiation dose level was the independent variable and number of VR-3 food reinforced bar-presses pet session the dependent variable. On the 12th day of training, Ss were assigned without bias to one of the four following whole-body X-irradiation doses: (1) 0 rad, (2) 285 rad, …
Effects of Food Deprivation and Methamphetamine on Fixed-Ratio Schedules of Intracranial Self-Stimulation
Six rats were implanted with electrodes in the posterior medial forebrain area and trained to bar press for crf ICSS and then shifted to FR schedule of reinforcement. It was observed that Ss had to be “primed” on crf at the beginning of each session; FRs greater than 20 to 30 were not typical, but depriving S of food for 48 hr. increased the size of the terminal ratio; with injection of .3 mgm. methamphetamine, S would hold FR-110; and the contri…
A New Method for Preparing Rats with Permanent ECS Electrodes
This paper describes a technique for permanently attaching an inexpensive electrode to the rat's skull for use in ECS studies. The major advantage of this technique is that it minimizes the amount of pre-ECS restraint, discomfort, and handling
Teaching Effectiveness of Traditional Logic and the Venn Diagram
Teaching effectiveness is evaluated for a linear programed introduction to traditional logic, requiring constructed and multiple-choice responding, prepared for high school seniors and college freshmen. Within an introductory philosophy course 29 volunteer freshmen college students ( M, 19.3 yr.) studied 19 chapters out of class and were tested on them at 2-day intervals. Test scores ranged from 86% to 99%, with a median of 93%. This sample was c…
Approach-Avoidance Conflict
16 male rats were trained to approach the distinctive end of a 20-ft. runway for a 25% sucrose solution, and their running speed was determined over successive 6-ft. segments of the maze. After 5 days of 5 training trials per day, quinine was substituted for sucrose in the case of half the animals and the remaining 8 rats were run under conditions of extinction. Analysis of the intersegmental speeds over the 5 days of training showed the approach…
Approach-Avoidance Conflict
24 naive hooded rats were employed in a 2 × 2 factorial comparison of anosmic versus non-anosmic and obstruction versus non-obstruction conditions. Comparisons were made in terms of speed-of-locomotion toward a goal area. After all Ss had received a series of successive reinforced approach-training trials, several untrained rats were placed in the goal box and subjected to foot shock. 9 min. later the shocked rats were removed, and previously des…
An Empirical Account of Temperature Biofeedback Applied in Groups
The threefold purpose of this study was: (1) to determine whether hand-temperature biofeedback could be used in groups, (2) to investigate the role of the biofeedback therapist in a group setting, and (3) to determine to what extent, if any, group cohesion developed as a result of biofeedback and verbal reinforcement. Three groups of volunteer subjects were tested. Group A served as a control, Group B received feedback only, and Group C received …
The Mooney Problem Check List—A Standardization of the College Form
The Mooney Problem Check List, College Form, was administered to 2261 students from six Louisiana universities for standardization purposes. Usable protocols were obtained from 1929 subjects. Comparisons among schools, school classes, sex, race, and marital status were made for the 11 Mooney categories. Norm tables were developed for all groups with sufficient ns for the several categories. A component analysis was also done, with 13 components r…
Medicine (15 works) · Psychology (15 works) · Audiology (8 works) · Neuroscience (8 works) · Physics (6 works) · Social Psychology (6 works) · Social Psychology (6 works) · Animal science (5 works) · Biology (5 works) · Behavioral and Psychological Studies (4 works)