Maya Bar‐Hillel
Biographic Data
| ID | 5861519 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Maya Bar‐Hillel |
| GIVEN NAMES | Maya |
| FAMILY NAME | Bar‐Hillel |
| SIGNATURE | HILLEL M B |
| AFFILIATIONS | Hebrew University of Jerusalem |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8088-2909 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 13 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 31 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 13 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1972 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2021 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Stumpers
A stumper is a riddle whose solution is typically so elusive that it does not come to mind, at least initially – leaving the responder stumped. Stumpers work by eliciting a (typically visual) representation of the narrative, in which the solution is not to be found. In order to solve the stumper, the blocking representation must be changed, which does not happen to most respondents. I have collected all the riddles I know at this time that qualif…
Lay attitudes toward involuntary organ procurement from death-row prisoners
A multi-item questionnaire concerning lay people's attitudes toward organ procurement without consent from executed prisoners was given to several hundred respondents. The items ranged from all-out condemnation (“It is tantamount to murder”) to enthusiasm (“It is great to have this organ supply”). Overall, we found two guiding principles upheld by most respondents: (1) Convicts have as much a right to their bodies and organs as other people, so t…
A commentary on Mel Rutherford’s ‘On the use and misuse of the “two children” brainteaser’
Rutherford (2010) criticizes the way some people have analyzed the 2-children problem, claiming (correctly) that slight nuances in the problem’s formulation can change the correct answer. However, his own data demonstrate that even when there is a unique correct answer, participants give intuitive answers that differ from it systematically — replicating the data reported by those he criticizes. Thus, his critique reduces to an admonition to use c…
Scoring and keying multiple choice tests
Seek and ye shall find
Expert clinicians were given batteries of psychodiagnostic test results (Rorschach, TAT, Draw-A-Person, Bender-Gestalt, Wechsler) to analyze. For half, a battery came along with a suggestion that the person suffers from Borderline Personality disorder, and for half, that battery was accompanied by a suggestion that he suffers from Paranoid Personality disorder. In Study 1, the suggestion was made indirectly, through a background story that preced…
Why are people reluctant to exchange lottery tickets
Students were given lottery tickets and then were asked to exchange their ticket for another one, plus a small monetary incentive. Less than 50% agreed. In contrast, when given pens, and the same exchange offer, over 90% agreed. Experimental control rules out that the reluctance to exchange lottery tickets results (a) from overestimation of the winning probability of one's own ticket; (b) from a concern that the ticket, once exchanged, might win …
Judgments of distributive justice
Consider three formulations of what is often referred to as the basic psychological rule of distributive justice, which were expressed over a time span ranging from antiquity to the present. "Justice involves at least four terms, namely two persons for whom it is just and two shares which are just. And there will be the same equality between the shares as between the persons, since the ratio between the shares will be equal to the ratio between t…
How alike is it versus how likely is it
One event cannot be more probable than another that includes it. Judging P(A & B) to be higher than P(A) has been caIled the conjunction fallacy- This study examined a disjullctioll fallaQ< Ss received brief case descriptions and ordered 7 categories according to 1 of 4 criteria: (a) probability of membership, (b) wiIlingness to bet on membership, (c) inclination to predict membership, and (d) suitability for membership. The list included nested …
Gideon's paradox ? A paradox of rationality
On dividing justly
When do base rates affect predictions
Recent studies have shown that when people make predictions, they often neglect base-rate considerations. Instead of considering what typically happens in situations like the one being judged, they rely on the extent to which the judged case is representative of the possible prediction categories--although if representativeness fails to provide a clear guide to prediction, people will resort to base-rate considerations. Manis, Dovalina, Avis, and…
The base-rate fallacy in probability judgments
Newcomb's Paradox Revisited
Why are people reluctant to exchange lottery tickets
Students were given lottery tickets and then were asked to exchange their ticket for another one, plus a small monetary incentive. Less than 50% agreed. In contrast, when given pens, and the same exchange offer, over 90% agreed. Experimental control rules out that the reluctance to exchange lottery tickets results (a) from overestimation of the winning probability of one's own ticket; (b) from a concern that the ticket, once exchanged, might win …
When do base rates affect predictions
Recent studies have shown that when people make predictions, they often neglect base-rate considerations. Instead of considering what typically happens in situations like the one being judged, they rely on the extent to which the judged case is representative of the possible prediction categories--although if representativeness fails to provide a clear guide to prediction, people will resort to base-rate considerations. Manis, Dovalina, Avis, and…
How alike is it versus how likely is it
One event cannot be more probable than another that includes it. Judging P(A & B) to be higher than P(A) has been caIled the conjunction fallacy- This study examined a disjullctioll fallaQ< Ss received brief case descriptions and ordered 7 categories according to 1 of 4 criteria: (a) probability of membership, (b) wiIlingness to bet on membership, (c) inclination to predict membership, and (d) suitability for membership. The list included nested …
Newcomb's Paradox Revisited
Newcomb's Paradox Revisited
The base-rate fallacy in probability judgments
When do base rates affect predictions
Recent studies have shown that when people make predictions, they often neglect base-rate considerations. Instead of considering what typically happens in situations like the one being judged, they rely on the extent to which the judged case is representative of the possible prediction categories--although if representativeness fails to provide a clear guide to prediction, people will resort to base-rate considerations. Manis, Dovalina, Avis, and…
On dividing justly
Gideon's paradox ? A paradox of rationality
Judgments of distributive justice
Consider three formulations of what is often referred to as the basic psychological rule of distributive justice, which were expressed over a time span ranging from antiquity to the present. "Justice involves at least four terms, namely two persons for whom it is just and two shares which are just. And there will be the same equality between the shares as between the persons, since the ratio between the shares will be equal to the ratio between t…
How alike is it versus how likely is it
One event cannot be more probable than another that includes it. Judging P(A & B) to be higher than P(A) has been caIled the conjunction fallacy- This study examined a disjullctioll fallaQ< Ss received brief case descriptions and ordered 7 categories according to 1 of 4 criteria: (a) probability of membership, (b) wiIlingness to bet on membership, (c) inclination to predict membership, and (d) suitability for membership. The list included nested …
Why are people reluctant to exchange lottery tickets
Students were given lottery tickets and then were asked to exchange their ticket for another one, plus a small monetary incentive. Less than 50% agreed. In contrast, when given pens, and the same exchange offer, over 90% agreed. Experimental control rules out that the reluctance to exchange lottery tickets results (a) from overestimation of the winning probability of one's own ticket; (b) from a concern that the ticket, once exchanged, might win …
Seek and ye shall find
Expert clinicians were given batteries of psychodiagnostic test results (Rorschach, TAT, Draw-A-Person, Bender-Gestalt, Wechsler) to analyze. For half, a battery came along with a suggestion that the person suffers from Borderline Personality disorder, and for half, that battery was accompanied by a suggestion that he suffers from Paranoid Personality disorder. In Study 1, the suggestion was made indirectly, through a background story that preced…
Scoring and keying multiple choice tests
A commentary on Mel Rutherford’s ‘On the use and misuse of the “two children” brainteaser’
Rutherford (2010) criticizes the way some people have analyzed the 2-children problem, claiming (correctly) that slight nuances in the problem’s formulation can change the correct answer. However, his own data demonstrate that even when there is a unique correct answer, participants give intuitive answers that differ from it systematically — replicating the data reported by those he criticizes. Thus, his critique reduces to an admonition to use c…
Lay attitudes toward involuntary organ procurement from death-row prisoners
A multi-item questionnaire concerning lay people's attitudes toward organ procurement without consent from executed prisoners was given to several hundred respondents. The items ranged from all-out condemnation (“It is tantamount to murder”) to enthusiasm (“It is great to have this organ supply”). Overall, we found two guiding principles upheld by most respondents: (1) Convicts have as much a right to their bodies and organs as other people, so t…
Stumpers
A stumper is a riddle whose solution is typically so elusive that it does not come to mind, at least initially – leaving the responder stumped. Stumpers work by eliciting a (typically visual) representation of the narrative, in which the solution is not to be found. In order to solve the stumper, the blocking representation must be changed, which does not happen to most respondents. I have collected all the riddles I know at this time that qualif…
Psychology (10 works) · Social Psychology (8 works) · Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics (6 works) · Epistemology (6 works) · Law (6 works) · Political science (6 works) · Social Psychology (6 works) · Cognitive psychology (5 works) · Economics (5 works) · Mathematics (5 works)