Justin Oakley
Biographic Data
| ID | 5912128 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Justin Oakley |
| GIVEN NAMES | Justin |
| FAMILY NAME | Oakley |
| SIGNATURE | OAKLEY J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Monash University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3609-0020 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 15 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 15 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1994 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 1 |
Misaligned hope and conviction in health care
It is often said that it is important for patients to possess hope that their treatment will be successful. We agree, but a widely appealed to type of hope—hope based on conviction (religious or otherwise), renders this assertion problematic. If conviction‐based hope influences patient decisions to undergo medical procedures, then questions are raised about the scope of patient autonomy. Libertarians permit patients to make decisions to undergo m…
Reflecting on micro‐ethics to center the voices of Aboriginal peoples experiencing homelessness
This article shares the micro‐ethical lessons from those researching alongside Aboriginal people experiencing homelessness and Aboriginal Elders in Perth, Western Australia. The article is written from the perspective of the first and second author who are two non‐Aboriginal researchers being mentored in Aboriginal culture. From this positioning, it offers reflections and practical insights into researching “in the right spirit” with Aboriginal c…
Expanding choice at the end of life
Expanded terminal sedation in end-of-life care
Despite advances in palliative care, some patients still suffer significantly at the end of life. Terminal Sedation (TS) refers to the use of sedatives in dying patients until the point of death. The following limits are commonly applied: (1) symptoms should be refractory, (2) sedatives should be administered proportionally to symptoms and (3) the patient should be imminently dying. The term ‘Expanded TS’ (ETS) can be used to describe the use of …
When (if ever) may doctors discuss religion with their patients
There is ongoing debate within the bioethics literature regarding to what extent (if any) it is ethically justifiable for doctors to engage in religious discussion with their patients, in cases where patients cite religious considerations as influencing their medical decision‐making. In this paper, we concede that certain forms of religious discussion between doctors and patients are morally permissible (though not necessarily morally obligatory)…
Islamic virtues and end‐of‐life decisions in clinical practice
In her detailed study of Muslim perspectives on end-of-life care, Mehrunisha Suleman provides an illuminating discussion of reflections by both Muslim and non-Muslim practitioners and patients about death and dying.1 Suleman's findings and her analyses of these are very insightful, while they also raise some challenges for doctors’ roles in end-of-life care. In Islamic ethics, as Suleman explains, the Qur'an and the Hadith provide the foundations…
Religious pluralism in healthcare
The current approach to the accommodation of religious values and practices in public healthcare systems around the world is ad hoc, potentially discriminatory, and can be harmful to patients and families. Many countries are becoming more religiously diverse, and so a systematic approach to such accommodation is needed. Religious pluralism in healthcare raises many important ethical questions. What conceptual and practical conditions are needed t…
Fair go
We thank the authors of the five commentaries for their careful and highly constructive consideration of our paper,1 which has enabled us to develop our proposal. Participation in research has traditionally been viewed as altruistic. Over time, payments for inconvenience and lost wages have been allowed, as have small incentives, usually in kind. The problem, particularly with controlled human infection model (CHIM) research or ‘challenge studies…
Payment in challenge studies
Controlled Human Infection Model (CHIM) research involves the infection of otherwise healthy participants with disease often for the sake of vaccine development. The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasised the urgency of enhancing CHIM research capability and the importance of having clear ethical guidance for their conduct. The payment of CHIM participants is a controversial issue involving stakeholders across ethics, medicine and policymaking with all…
Virtue Ethics and Public Policy
Practitioner Courage and Ethical Health Care Environments
In this issue of the Hastings Center Report, Ann Hamric, John Arras, and Margaret Mohrmann highlight how contemporary accounts of the virtue of courage in health care often gloss over deeper problems in the underlying health care systems themselves. They express particular concerns about the appropriateness and personal costs of exhortations to health professionals to take courageous action in circumstances where this is “required only because of…
Playing for Fun, Training for War
In the cultural controversy surrounding “violent video games,” the manufacturers and players of games often insist that computer games are a form of harmless entertainment that is unlikely to influence the real-world activities of players. Yet games and military simulations are used by military organizations across the world to teach the modern arts of war, from how to shoot a gun to teamwork, leadership skills, military values, and cultural sens…
Consequentialism, Moral Responsibility, and the Intention/ Foresight Distinction
In many recent discussions of the morality of actions where both good and bad consequences foreseeably ensue, the moral significance of the distinction between intended and foreseen consequences is rejected. This distinction is thought to bear on the moral status of actions by those who support the Doctrine of Double Effect (DDE). According to this doctrine, roughly speaking, to perform an action intending to bring about a particular bad effect a…
Morality and the Emotions
Morality and the Emotions
Reflecting on micro‐ethics to center the voices of Aboriginal peoples experiencing homelessness
This article shares the micro‐ethical lessons from those researching alongside Aboriginal people experiencing homelessness and Aboriginal Elders in Perth, Western Australia. The article is written from the perspective of the first and second author who are two non‐Aboriginal researchers being mentored in Aboriginal culture. From this positioning, it offers reflections and practical insights into researching “in the right spirit” with Aboriginal c…
Consequentialism, Moral Responsibility, and the Intention/ Foresight Distinction
In many recent discussions of the morality of actions where both good and bad consequences foreseeably ensue, the moral significance of the distinction between intended and foreseen consequences is rejected. This distinction is thought to bear on the moral status of actions by those who support the Doctrine of Double Effect (DDE). According to this doctrine, roughly speaking, to perform an action intending to bring about a particular bad effect a…
Morality and the Emotions
Morality and the Emotions
Practitioner Courage and Ethical Health Care Environments
In this issue of the Hastings Center Report, Ann Hamric, John Arras, and Margaret Mohrmann highlight how contemporary accounts of the virtue of courage in health care often gloss over deeper problems in the underlying health care systems themselves. They express particular concerns about the appropriateness and personal costs of exhortations to health professionals to take courageous action in circumstances where this is “required only because of…
Playing for Fun, Training for War
In the cultural controversy surrounding “violent video games,” the manufacturers and players of games often insist that computer games are a form of harmless entertainment that is unlikely to influence the real-world activities of players. Yet games and military simulations are used by military organizations across the world to teach the modern arts of war, from how to shoot a gun to teamwork, leadership skills, military values, and cultural sens…
Virtue Ethics and Public Policy
Fair go
We thank the authors of the five commentaries for their careful and highly constructive consideration of our paper,1 which has enabled us to develop our proposal. Participation in research has traditionally been viewed as altruistic. Over time, payments for inconvenience and lost wages have been allowed, as have small incentives, usually in kind. The problem, particularly with controlled human infection model (CHIM) research or ‘challenge studies…
Payment in challenge studies
Controlled Human Infection Model (CHIM) research involves the infection of otherwise healthy participants with disease often for the sake of vaccine development. The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasised the urgency of enhancing CHIM research capability and the importance of having clear ethical guidance for their conduct. The payment of CHIM participants is a controversial issue involving stakeholders across ethics, medicine and policymaking with all…
Expanding choice at the end of life
Expanded terminal sedation in end-of-life care
Despite advances in palliative care, some patients still suffer significantly at the end of life. Terminal Sedation (TS) refers to the use of sedatives in dying patients until the point of death. The following limits are commonly applied: (1) symptoms should be refractory, (2) sedatives should be administered proportionally to symptoms and (3) the patient should be imminently dying. The term ‘Expanded TS’ (ETS) can be used to describe the use of …
When (if ever) may doctors discuss religion with their patients
There is ongoing debate within the bioethics literature regarding to what extent (if any) it is ethically justifiable for doctors to engage in religious discussion with their patients, in cases where patients cite religious considerations as influencing their medical decision‐making. In this paper, we concede that certain forms of religious discussion between doctors and patients are morally permissible (though not necessarily morally obligatory)…
Islamic virtues and end‐of‐life decisions in clinical practice
In her detailed study of Muslim perspectives on end-of-life care, Mehrunisha Suleman provides an illuminating discussion of reflections by both Muslim and non-Muslim practitioners and patients about death and dying.1 Suleman's findings and her analyses of these are very insightful, while they also raise some challenges for doctors’ roles in end-of-life care. In Islamic ethics, as Suleman explains, the Qur'an and the Hadith provide the foundations…
Religious pluralism in healthcare
The current approach to the accommodation of religious values and practices in public healthcare systems around the world is ad hoc, potentially discriminatory, and can be harmful to patients and families. Many countries are becoming more religiously diverse, and so a systematic approach to such accommodation is needed. Religious pluralism in healthcare raises many important ethical questions. What conceptual and practical conditions are needed t…
Reflecting on micro‐ethics to center the voices of Aboriginal peoples experiencing homelessness
This article shares the micro‐ethical lessons from those researching alongside Aboriginal people experiencing homelessness and Aboriginal Elders in Perth, Western Australia. The article is written from the perspective of the first and second author who are two non‐Aboriginal researchers being mentored in Aboriginal culture. From this positioning, it offers reflections and practical insights into researching “in the right spirit” with Aboriginal c…
Misaligned hope and conviction in health care
It is often said that it is important for patients to possess hope that their treatment will be successful. We agree, but a widely appealed to type of hope—hope based on conviction (religious or otherwise), renders this assertion problematic. If conviction‐based hope influences patient decisions to undergo medical procedures, then questions are raised about the scope of patient autonomy. Libertarians permit patients to make decisions to undergo m…
Law (9 works) · Political science (9 works) · Psychology (9 works) · Epistemology (6 works) · Philosophy (6 works) · Sociology (6 works) · Public relations (5 works) · Ethics in medical practice (4 works) · Health care (4 works) · Law and economics (4 works)