Ramalinggam Rajamanickam
Biographic Data
| ID | 6152873 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Ramalinggam Rajamanickam |
| GIVEN NAMES | Ramalinggam |
| FAMILY NAME | Rajamanickam |
| SIGNATURE | RAJAMANICKAM R |
| AFFILIATIONS | National University of Malaysia |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4017-8826 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 22 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 0 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 22 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2019 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 0 |
Legal Protections for the Older Adults in Malaysia
The urgency of regulating artificial intelligence in relation to cybersecurity and cyber resilience
Cybercrime has become a major transnational threat, with ransomware and malware posing serious risks to individuals, governments, and critical infrastructure. The urgency of addressing these threats is reflected in initiatives by countries such as the United States and the European Union through regulations such as the Strengthening American Cybersecurity Act and the EU Cyber Resilience Act, which adopt proactive, risk-based approaches. Indonesia…
The use of depositions in court for human trafficking offences in Malaysia
Background and Purpose: Human trafficking is a serious global issue, including in Malaysia, where victims often comprise illegal immigrants, making them particularly vulnerable to exploitation. In 2010, section 61A was introduced through the Anti-Trafficking in Persons (Amendment) Act 2010 (Act A1385) to allow for the admissibility of depositions made by trafficked persons or smuggled migrants who cannot be found during court proceedings. With th…
Surviving spouses in legal limbo
The disappearance of a spouse places the surviving partner in a prolonged state of legal uncertainty under Malaysian law. This uncertainty is principally governed by section 108 of the Evidence Act 1950, which establishes a rebuttable presumption of death after seven years of unexplained absence, and section 63 of the Law Reform (Marriage and Divorce) Act 1976, which provides a matrimonial remedy through a decree of presumption of death and divor…
Terrorism Crimes in Indonesia
Terrorism has emerged as a significant concern in contemporary societies. In Indonesia, the primary factor contributing to individual involvement in terrorism is the pervasive influence of deviant Islamic ideologies, particularly those pertaining to jihad and caliphate governance. Misinterpretations of Islamic teachings, with an inclination towards extremism, substantially increase an individual's propensity to engage in terrorist acts such as su…
Analysing Ministerial Reasons for Banning Books Under the Printing Presses and Publications Act 1984
The publication of books reflects the advancement of a country’s civilisation. This right is affirmed by Article 10(1) of the Federal Constitution (FC), which guarantees every person the right to freedom of speech and expression. However, this right is subject to certain limitations that may be imposed by Parliament, as prescribed in Article 10(2) of the FC. Among the laws governing this freedom is the Printing Presses and Publications Act 1984 (…
Prohibition of Drinking Alcohol in Public
The public consumption of alcohol in Malaysia presents multifaceted legal, social, and health challenges, particularly in light of the country’s diverse cultural and religious composition. While alcohol is legally permitted for non-Muslims, Malaysia lacks a comprehensive federal law that specifically prohibits or regulates drinking in public spaces. Existing laws, including the Penal Code, Road Transport Act 1987, Excise Act 1976, and various loc…
When Feelings Become Facts
Section 233(1)(a) of Malaysia's Communications and Multimedia Act 1998 criminalizes transmitting offensive (jelik), indecent, false, menacing, or offensive communications with intent to annoy, abuse, threaten, or harass. However, the term "offensive" remains ambiguously defined, relying on subjective societal norms and emotional interpretations, leading to inconsistent legal applications. This ambiguity complicates enforcement, as prosecutors mus…
Platform Accountability and User Protection
In recent years, Malaysia’s digital landscape has faced considerable challenges, particularly in promoting platform accountability and protecting users. These priorities, integral to fostering a well-regulated and secure digital environment, are shaped by the evolution of legal frameworks and regulatory policies. This article examines the Online Safety Act 2024, a newly passed law in Malaysia, by comparing its provisions with the United Kingdom a…
Importance and Reliability of Ear Print Analysis as Evidence
Ear print analysis has emerged as a significant forensic tool for criminal identification, offering a unique alternative to traditional fingerprint and DNA evidence. Unlike fingerprints, ear prints are difficult to manipulate, making them more resistant to falsification. This paper explores the reliability, techniques, and legal considerations of ear print analysis in forensic investigations. While ear prints have been successfully used to convic…
Utilization of electronic transactions to increase non-tax state revenue in the telecommunications sector
The telecommunications sector is crucial in a country’s economy. The advancements in information and communication technology have had a significant impact on this sector, particularly in the electronic transactions domain. The utilization of electronic transactions in the telecommunications sector can yield substantial benefits, including increasing non-tax state revenue and economic development in Indonesia. The Covid-19 pandemic has served as …
Admissibility of illegally obtained evidence for criminal cases in Malaysia
This article will inquisitively attempt to discuss the principles which govern the admissibility of illegally obtained evidence in Malaysia. Presently, there are no attempts to codify the law, specifically the Evidence Act of 1950 and the Criminal Procedure Code, to exclude illegally obtained evidence. For decades, the judicially created exclusionary rules of common law principles have carved out legal propositions within the Malaysian legal syst…
The Admissibility of Criminal Evidence of Battered Woman Syndrome in Malaysia Under the Penal Code and Evidence Act 1950
Battered woman syndrome (BWS) is a syndrome that presents after long-term abuse of domestic violence’s case. The evidence is presented in court to explain why some women remain in abusive relationships. In Malaysia, the evidence on BWS is not a defence by itself, but rather given to support any relevant defence such as provocation under Exception 1 to s. 300 of the Penal Code (Act 574) and private defence under ss. 96 to 106 of the Penal Code. Th…
Restorative Justice in Corporate Dispute Resolution as Business Actor in Indonesia
Indonesian limited liability company (Perseroan Terbatas or "PT") is a preferable entity selected by business actors in conducting activities. In this context, the characteristics of PT grant persona standi in judicio, as a legal subject capable of initiating and defending lawsuits in civil and criminal courts under Law No. 40 of 2007. Therefore, this article aimed to discuss the implementation of corporate accountability in the context of PT, an…
Cumulative Provocation in Domestic Violence Against Women
Background and Purpose: In Malaysia, there is no specific defence for female victims of domestic violence who in the unfortunate event killed their abusive partners due to provocation. In this instance, they can raise the defence of provocation as expressly stated in Exception 1 to section 300 of the Penal Code (Exception 1). Since the defence was not formulated specifically in the context of domestic violence, the application of the defence may …
Acte Van Dading In the settlement of industrial relations disputes in Indonesia
In general, the process of examining industrial relations dispute cases at the District Court level must take between 8 and 10 days. One of the ways to achieve the principles of fast, simple, and low-cost civil procedure law is through Acte van Dading (conciliation decisions). The researchers is interested in studying the implementation of Acte van Dading for the settlement of industrial relations in Indonesia in relation to Indonesian positive l…
The Standard of Proof in Inquests
An inquest, also known as inquiry of death in Malaysia, is governed by the Criminal Procedure Code (CPC). The main objective of an inquest is to investigate the cause of death. However, the lack of established procedures in Malaysia to guide coroners in conducting inquests has created many ambiguities. These ambiguities are demonstrated in numerous cases where decisions have been reviewed on a variety of grounds. One of the critical issues not ad…
Roles of Human Rights Bodies on Chain Remand Complaints in Malaysia
The practice of chain remand would cause human rights violations if the application was granted without reasonable cause and reason. This chain remand problem was tried to be addressed in 2007, which was amongst the factors that led to the amendment of the Criminal Procedure Code (CPC) at that time due to the defilement of human liberty. In Malaysia, there are governmental and non-governmental bodies that are active in ensuring that the human rig…
The Right of an Accused to Defence Under the Criminal Justice System in Malaysia
Background and Purpose: Under the criminal justice system, the burden lies on the prosecution to prove the guilt of the accused. It is worth noting that a criminal trial is not one-sided; it also allows the accused to raise his defence to prove his innocence. The research aims to analyse the right of the accused to raise a defence and when the defence should be raised in a criminal trial process in Malaysia. Methodology: This research adopts a le…
Survey on Untethering of the Spinal Cord and Urological Manifestations among Spina Bifida Patients in Malaysia
The incidence and severity of urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to spina bifida is poorly understood in Malaysia. Tethering of the spinal cord is a pathological fixation of the cord in the vertebral column that can result in neurogenic bladder dysfunction and other neurological problems. It occurs in patients with spina bifida, and the authors of this study sought to investigate the impact of untethering on the urological manifestations of chil…
At-Risk Youths
Youths are an important segment in a community as they are seen as the future leaders of a nation. One cannot deny that at-risk youths grow in environments not conducive to their well-being. These youths are victims of families where there is neglect, violence, poverty, sexual abuse and many other conflicts. Due to poverty and family instability, these youths are more sensitive to social ills. Based on a positive youth development perspective, th…
Female Victims of Domestic Violence and Their Rights to Compensation in Malaysia
In Malaysia, victims of domestic violence including women may seek protection under the Domestic Violence Act 1994 (Act 521) (hereinafter “DVA 1994”). Pursuant to section 10 of the DVA 1994, female victims of domestic violence (hereinafter “FVDV”) have the right to claim compensation from their husbands or former husbands (hereinafter “Abusive Husbands”). The criminal court also has jurisdiction to make a compensation order as stated under sectio…
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Female Victims of Domestic Violence and Their Rights to Compensation in Malaysia
In Malaysia, victims of domestic violence including women may seek protection under the Domestic Violence Act 1994 (Act 521) (hereinafter “DVA 1994”). Pursuant to section 10 of the DVA 1994, female victims of domestic violence (hereinafter “FVDV”) have the right to claim compensation from their husbands or former husbands (hereinafter “Abusive Husbands”). The criminal court also has jurisdiction to make a compensation order as stated under sectio…
At-Risk Youths
Youths are an important segment in a community as they are seen as the future leaders of a nation. One cannot deny that at-risk youths grow in environments not conducive to their well-being. These youths are victims of families where there is neglect, violence, poverty, sexual abuse and many other conflicts. Due to poverty and family instability, these youths are more sensitive to social ills. Based on a positive youth development perspective, th…
Roles of Human Rights Bodies on Chain Remand Complaints in Malaysia
The practice of chain remand would cause human rights violations if the application was granted without reasonable cause and reason. This chain remand problem was tried to be addressed in 2007, which was amongst the factors that led to the amendment of the Criminal Procedure Code (CPC) at that time due to the defilement of human liberty. In Malaysia, there are governmental and non-governmental bodies that are active in ensuring that the human rig…
The Right of an Accused to Defence Under the Criminal Justice System in Malaysia
Background and Purpose: Under the criminal justice system, the burden lies on the prosecution to prove the guilt of the accused. It is worth noting that a criminal trial is not one-sided; it also allows the accused to raise his defence to prove his innocence. The research aims to analyse the right of the accused to raise a defence and when the defence should be raised in a criminal trial process in Malaysia. Methodology: This research adopts a le…
Survey on Untethering of the Spinal Cord and Urological Manifestations among Spina Bifida Patients in Malaysia
The incidence and severity of urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to spina bifida is poorly understood in Malaysia. Tethering of the spinal cord is a pathological fixation of the cord in the vertebral column that can result in neurogenic bladder dysfunction and other neurological problems. It occurs in patients with spina bifida, and the authors of this study sought to investigate the impact of untethering on the urological manifestations of chil…
Acte Van Dading In the settlement of industrial relations disputes in Indonesia
In general, the process of examining industrial relations dispute cases at the District Court level must take between 8 and 10 days. One of the ways to achieve the principles of fast, simple, and low-cost civil procedure law is through Acte van Dading (conciliation decisions). The researchers is interested in studying the implementation of Acte van Dading for the settlement of industrial relations in Indonesia in relation to Indonesian positive l…
The Standard of Proof in Inquests
An inquest, also known as inquiry of death in Malaysia, is governed by the Criminal Procedure Code (CPC). The main objective of an inquest is to investigate the cause of death. However, the lack of established procedures in Malaysia to guide coroners in conducting inquests has created many ambiguities. These ambiguities are demonstrated in numerous cases where decisions have been reviewed on a variety of grounds. One of the critical issues not ad…
Utilization of electronic transactions to increase non-tax state revenue in the telecommunications sector
The telecommunications sector is crucial in a country’s economy. The advancements in information and communication technology have had a significant impact on this sector, particularly in the electronic transactions domain. The utilization of electronic transactions in the telecommunications sector can yield substantial benefits, including increasing non-tax state revenue and economic development in Indonesia. The Covid-19 pandemic has served as …
Admissibility of illegally obtained evidence for criminal cases in Malaysia
This article will inquisitively attempt to discuss the principles which govern the admissibility of illegally obtained evidence in Malaysia. Presently, there are no attempts to codify the law, specifically the Evidence Act of 1950 and the Criminal Procedure Code, to exclude illegally obtained evidence. For decades, the judicially created exclusionary rules of common law principles have carved out legal propositions within the Malaysian legal syst…
The Admissibility of Criminal Evidence of Battered Woman Syndrome in Malaysia Under the Penal Code and Evidence Act 1950
Battered woman syndrome (BWS) is a syndrome that presents after long-term abuse of domestic violence’s case. The evidence is presented in court to explain why some women remain in abusive relationships. In Malaysia, the evidence on BWS is not a defence by itself, but rather given to support any relevant defence such as provocation under Exception 1 to s. 300 of the Penal Code (Act 574) and private defence under ss. 96 to 106 of the Penal Code. Th…
Restorative Justice in Corporate Dispute Resolution as Business Actor in Indonesia
Indonesian limited liability company (Perseroan Terbatas or "PT") is a preferable entity selected by business actors in conducting activities. In this context, the characteristics of PT grant persona standi in judicio, as a legal subject capable of initiating and defending lawsuits in civil and criminal courts under Law No. 40 of 2007. Therefore, this article aimed to discuss the implementation of corporate accountability in the context of PT, an…
Cumulative Provocation in Domestic Violence Against Women
Background and Purpose: In Malaysia, there is no specific defence for female victims of domestic violence who in the unfortunate event killed their abusive partners due to provocation. In this instance, they can raise the defence of provocation as expressly stated in Exception 1 to section 300 of the Penal Code (Exception 1). Since the defence was not formulated specifically in the context of domestic violence, the application of the defence may …
Terrorism Crimes in Indonesia
Terrorism has emerged as a significant concern in contemporary societies. In Indonesia, the primary factor contributing to individual involvement in terrorism is the pervasive influence of deviant Islamic ideologies, particularly those pertaining to jihad and caliphate governance. Misinterpretations of Islamic teachings, with an inclination towards extremism, substantially increase an individual's propensity to engage in terrorist acts such as su…
Analysing Ministerial Reasons for Banning Books Under the Printing Presses and Publications Act 1984
The publication of books reflects the advancement of a country’s civilisation. This right is affirmed by Article 10(1) of the Federal Constitution (FC), which guarantees every person the right to freedom of speech and expression. However, this right is subject to certain limitations that may be imposed by Parliament, as prescribed in Article 10(2) of the FC. Among the laws governing this freedom is the Printing Presses and Publications Act 1984 (…
Prohibition of Drinking Alcohol in Public
The public consumption of alcohol in Malaysia presents multifaceted legal, social, and health challenges, particularly in light of the country’s diverse cultural and religious composition. While alcohol is legally permitted for non-Muslims, Malaysia lacks a comprehensive federal law that specifically prohibits or regulates drinking in public spaces. Existing laws, including the Penal Code, Road Transport Act 1987, Excise Act 1976, and various loc…
When Feelings Become Facts
Section 233(1)(a) of Malaysia's Communications and Multimedia Act 1998 criminalizes transmitting offensive (jelik), indecent, false, menacing, or offensive communications with intent to annoy, abuse, threaten, or harass. However, the term "offensive" remains ambiguously defined, relying on subjective societal norms and emotional interpretations, leading to inconsistent legal applications. This ambiguity complicates enforcement, as prosecutors mus…
Platform Accountability and User Protection
In recent years, Malaysia’s digital landscape has faced considerable challenges, particularly in promoting platform accountability and protecting users. These priorities, integral to fostering a well-regulated and secure digital environment, are shaped by the evolution of legal frameworks and regulatory policies. This article examines the Online Safety Act 2024, a newly passed law in Malaysia, by comparing its provisions with the United Kingdom a…
Importance and Reliability of Ear Print Analysis as Evidence
Ear print analysis has emerged as a significant forensic tool for criminal identification, offering a unique alternative to traditional fingerprint and DNA evidence. Unlike fingerprints, ear prints are difficult to manipulate, making them more resistant to falsification. This paper explores the reliability, techniques, and legal considerations of ear print analysis in forensic investigations. While ear prints have been successfully used to convic…
Legal Protections for the Older Adults in Malaysia
The urgency of regulating artificial intelligence in relation to cybersecurity and cyber resilience
Cybercrime has become a major transnational threat, with ransomware and malware posing serious risks to individuals, governments, and critical infrastructure. The urgency of addressing these threats is reflected in initiatives by countries such as the United States and the European Union through regulations such as the Strengthening American Cybersecurity Act and the EU Cyber Resilience Act, which adopt proactive, risk-based approaches. Indonesia…
The use of depositions in court for human trafficking offences in Malaysia
Background and Purpose: Human trafficking is a serious global issue, including in Malaysia, where victims often comprise illegal immigrants, making them particularly vulnerable to exploitation. In 2010, section 61A was introduced through the Anti-Trafficking in Persons (Amendment) Act 2010 (Act A1385) to allow for the admissibility of depositions made by trafficked persons or smuggled migrants who cannot be found during court proceedings. With th…
Surviving spouses in legal limbo
The disappearance of a spouse places the surviving partner in a prolonged state of legal uncertainty under Malaysian law. This uncertainty is principally governed by section 108 of the Evidence Act 1950, which establishes a rebuttable presumption of death after seven years of unexplained absence, and section 63 of the Law Reform (Marriage and Divorce) Act 1976, which provides a matrimonial remedy through a decree of presumption of death and divor…
Law (13 works) · Political science (13 works) · Psychology (8 works) · Business (6 works) · Criminology (5 works) · Medicine (5 works) · Sociology (5 works) · Computer Science (4 works) · Criminal procedure (3 works) · Indonesian Legal and Regulatory Studies (3 works)